WO2011148791A1 - 発光素子、及び発光素子の製造方法、並びに表示装置 - Google Patents
発光素子、及び発光素子の製造方法、並びに表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011148791A1 WO2011148791A1 PCT/JP2011/060956 JP2011060956W WO2011148791A1 WO 2011148791 A1 WO2011148791 A1 WO 2011148791A1 JP 2011060956 W JP2011060956 W JP 2011060956W WO 2011148791 A1 WO2011148791 A1 WO 2011148791A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/811—Bodies having quantum effect structures or superlattices, e.g. tunnel junctions
- H10H20/812—Bodies having quantum effect structures or superlattices, e.g. tunnel junctions within the light-emitting regions, e.g. having quantum confinement structures
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- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/56—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing sulfur
- C09K11/562—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/565—Chalcogenides with zinc cadmium
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/88—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements
- C09K11/881—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/883—Chalcogenides with zinc or cadmium
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
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- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/115—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/40—Thermal treatment, e.g. annealing in the presence of a solvent vapour
Definitions
- a first electrode layer 112 electrically insulated via an insulating layer 111 is formed on a substrate 113, and a wettability changing layer 114 is formed thereon.
- the wettability changing layer 114 contains a photocatalyst, and is configured such that the wettability changes when irradiated with energy such as ultraviolet rays.
- Patent Document 1 since the light emitting layer is patterned by a photolithography method, when the unnecessary photoresist 105 on the hole injection layer 104 is dissolved and removed, the photoresist 105 cannot be completely removed. There may be residues on the hole injection layer 104. If the residue of the photoresist 105 exists in the hole injection layer 104, the light emission characteristics may be deteriorated.
- the surfactant on the surface of the quantum dots is removed, the surface defects are not inactivated, the excitons are trapped by the surface defects, the excitation energy is deactivated by thermal radiation, and a non-light emitting state is obtained.
- This surfactant can be easily removed by performing a heat treatment at a temperature around the boiling point.
- a light emitting region and a non-light emitting region can be formed by heat-treating a specific region of the quantum dot layer, thereby using a photolithographic method such as Patent Document 1 or wetting as Patent Document 2. Even if the property change layer is not provided, a light emitting element having good light emission characteristics can be obtained easily and efficiently.
- the non-light emitting region is preferably heat treated.
- a second light emitting layer is formed on the surface of the light emitting layer.
- the light emitting region and the second light emitting layer emit light having different wavelengths.
- a light emitting layer with a stack of quantum dot layers of different particle sizes and stacking so as to emit light from the light emitting region of each light emitting layer, light of different wavelengths is emitted from each light emitting layer due to the quantum size effect. It becomes possible to output.
- each light emitting region of the light emitting layer preferably emits light having a different wavelength.
- the method for producing a light emitting device is a method for producing a light emitting device in which at least one light emitting layer containing quantum dots is interposed between electrodes, and a surfactant is disposed on the surface.
- Quantum dot production process for producing at least one or more types of quantum dots, and a quantum dot layer formation process for forming at least one quantum dot layer using each quantum dot produced in the quantum dot production process
- a surface active for producing a light emitting layer having a light emitting region and a non-light emitting region by heat-treating a specific region of at least one of the quantum dot layers to remove the surfactant in the specific region And an agent removing step.
- the quantum dot production step two or more types of quantum dots having different average particle diameters are produced, and these quantum dots are used to form at least one of the non-light emitting regions.
- the quantum dot layer forming step and the surfactant removing step are performed a plurality of times so that at least a part of the light emitting region and the light emitting region overlap each other to form two or more light emitting layers having different emission wavelengths. preferable.
- the display device is characterized in that a large number of the above-described light emitting elements are arranged in an array.
- the light emitting region that defines light emission / non-light emission is patterned only by whether or not a surfactant is present on the surface of the quantum dots contained in the light emitting layer. be able to. That is, the light emitting region can be patterned without using a complicated photolithography method, etc., so that there is no residue of photoresist in the light emitting element, and chemical resistance needs to be considered when selecting materials. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a light emitting element having good light emission characteristics at low cost and high efficiency.
- the film thickness of the light emitting layer can be easily controlled during the film formation process, the film thickness can be formed uniformly or substantially uniformly, and there is no spot in the light emission characteristics.
- the element does not increase in resistance as in Patent Document 2, and can be driven by application at a low voltage.
- the light emitting layer is formed of a laminate of two or more types of quantum dot layers having different average particle diameters, and each light emitting layer includes at least a part of the non-light emitting region and at least a part of the light emitting region.
- each light emitting layer includes at least a part of the non-light emitting region and at least a part of the light emitting region.
- the display device of the present invention since the above-described light emitting elements are arranged in an array, a display device such as a full color display can be obtained at low cost.
- the anode 2 is formed on the surface of the transparent substrate 1, and the hole transport layer 3 is formed on the surface of the anode 2.
- a second light emitting layer 5 that emits light having a second predetermined wavelength (for example, 525 nm) different from the light emitted from the light emitting region 4 a is formed on the surface of the light emitting layer 4, and is further formed on the surface of the second light emitting layer 5.
- the cathode 6 (first cathode 6a, second cathode 6b) is formed. That is, the first cathode 6a is formed on the upper surface of the light emitting region 4a, and the second cathode 6b is formed on the upper surface of the non-light emitting region 4b, and as shown in FIG. It is divided into the element part 8b.
- the second light emitting layer 5 also serves as an electron transport layer.
- the quantum dots 9 contained in the light emitting region 4a are present with the surfactant 12 coordinated on the surface, and the quantum dots 9 contained in the non-light emitting region 4b are present with the surfactant 12 removed. Yes.
- the cathode 6 it is preferable to use a conductive material having a small work function so that electrons can be easily injected.
- a conductive material having a small work function so that electrons can be easily injected.
- Al or Ca can be used.
- the surfactant 12 is coordinated on the surface of the quantum dots 9 contained in the light emitting layer 4, so that the light emitting layer 4 has the light emitting region 4a as described above. And exciton emission with high efficiency. That is, in the first element portion 8a, the excitation light from the light emitting region 4a of the light emitting layer 4 passes through the hole transport layer 3, the anode 2 and the glass substrate 1 as indicated by the arrow A, and has a predetermined emission color. (For example, red light) is output.
- a quantum dot dispersion solution is prepared.
- various materials can be used for the ultrafine particles constituting the quantum dots 9, but in the following embodiment, CdSe is used for the core portion 10 and ZnS is used for the shell portion 11. A case will be described as an example.
- the cadmium precursor solution is heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, 300 ° C.), and the selenium precursor solution is injected into the heated solution. Then, precursors with high activity react with each other at high temperature, cadmium and selenium combine to form nuclei, and then react with surrounding unreacted components to cause crystal growth, thereby producing CdSe quantum dots.
- a predetermined temperature for example, 300 ° C.
- precursors with high activity react with each other at high temperature, cadmium and selenium combine to form nuclei, and then react with surrounding unreacted components to cause crystal growth, thereby producing CdSe quantum dots.
- the particle size of the CdSe quantum dots can be controlled by adjusting the reaction time.
- a small amount of zinc oxide solution and sulfur solution are alternately added dropwise to a CdSe quantum dot solution adjusted to a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 ° C.), heated and cooled, and washed to remove excess organic components in the solution. . Then, after that, it is dispersed in a dispersion solvent such as chloroform, thereby preparing a CdSe / ZnS dispersion solution.
- a dispersion solvent such as chloroform
- a surfactant 12 such as HDA is added to the CdSe / ZnS dispersion solution, and the surface of the quantum dots 9 made of CdSe / ZnS is coated with the surfactant 12 to produce a quantum dot dispersion solution.
- the specific region 13a of the quantum dot layer 13 is heat-treated by laser irradiation or the like to remove the surfactant 12 in the specific region 13a.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably about the boiling point of the surfactant 12 to be used.
- HDA oiling point: 330 ° C.
- octylamine oiling point: 176.
- the temperature is set to 160 to 180 ° C.
- the light emitting layer 4 having the light emitting region 4a and the non-light emitting region 4b can be manufactured.
- a cathode 6 (first and second cathodes 6a and 6b) having a film thickness of 100 nm to 300 nm by a vacuum deposition method, whereby a light emitting element is manufactured.
- the cathode 6 is formed on the second light emitting layer 5. However, if necessary, between the second light emitting layer 5 and the cathode 6, electrons can be easily injected. An electron injection layer made of LiF or the like may be interposed.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a second embodiment of the light-emitting element according to the present invention.
- the light-emitting layer has a three-layer structure, and 3 element portions 14a to 14c.
- the anode 2 is formed on the transparent substrate 1, and the hole transport layer 3 is further formed on the surface of the anode 2.
- An electron transport layer 18 is formed on the surface of the third light emitting layer 17, and a cathode 19 (first to third cathodes 19a to 19c) is formed on the surface of the electron transport layer 18.
- the surfactant 12 is coordinated on the surface of the quantum dots 9 contained in the first light emitting layer 15, and the first light emitting layer 15 forms a light emitting region 15a. ing. That is, in the light emitting region 15a, since the surfactant 12 is coordinated on the surface of the quantum dot 9, electrons and holes are efficiently confined in the quantum dot 9, recombined in the quantum dot 9, Exciton emission with efficiency. As a result, in the first element portion 14a, the excitation light from the light emitting region 15a of the first light emitting layer 15 passes through the hole transport layer 3, the anode 2 and the transparent substrate 1 as indicated by the arrow D. For example, an emission color corresponding to a wavelength of 490 nm, that is, blue light is output.
- the surfactant 12 is not coordinated on the surface of the quantum dots 9 contained in the first light emitting layer 15, and the excitons are deactivated by thermal radiation, and do not emit light. Region 15b is formed.
- the surfactant 12 is coordinated on the surface of the quantum dots 9 contained in the second light emitting layer 16 that is the upper layer of the first light emitting layer 15 to form a light emitting region 16a. That is, in the light emitting region 16a, since the surfactant 12 is coordinated on the surface of the quantum dot 9, electrons and holes are efficiently confined in the quantum dot 9, recombined in the quantum dot 9, Exciton emission with efficiency.
- the first quantum dot dispersion solution is applied to the surface of the hole transport layer 3 and dried to form the first quantum dot layer, and then the first quantum dot layer is formed.
- the specific region is subjected to heat treatment, and the first light emitting layer 15 having the light emitting region 15a and the non-light emitting region 15b is manufactured.
- the second quantum dot layer is formed by applying the second quantum dot dispersion solution to the surface of the first light emitting layer 15 again using spin coating or the like and drying it. Then, a specific region is set so as to overlap with a part of the non-light-emitting region 15b of the first light-emitting layer 15, and heat treatment is performed on the specific region, whereby the second region having the light-emitting region 16a and the non-light-emitting region 16b. The light emitting layer 16 is produced.
- the third quantum dot dispersion solution is applied to the surface of the second light emitting layer 16 and dried to form a third light emitting layer.
- a cathode 19 (first to third cathodes 19a to 19c) having a film thickness of 100 nm to 300 nm is formed by a vacuum deposition method, whereby a light emitting element is manufactured.
- the second embodiment it is possible to emit light of different colors from quantum dots of the same material due to the quantum size effect, and to obtain a light emitting element having good light emission characteristics at low cost and high efficiency. Is possible.
- blue light can be output from the first light emitting layer 15, and for example, green light can be output from the second light emitting layer 16.
- red light can be output from the third light emitting layer 17, and by arranging a large number of such light emitting elements in an array, it is possible to realize a small and low cost display device capable of full color display. It becomes possible.
- the type of laser is not limited, and a laser having an arbitrary oscillation wavelength such as a diode laser with an oscillation wavelength of 808 nm, an excimer laser with an oscillation wavelength of 308 nm, or a solid-state laser with an oscillation wavelength of 532 nm.
- the device can be used.
- each of the above embodiments two or more colors are emitted.
- the electron transport layer since the electron transport layer needs to have a light emitting function, the electron transport layer is formed of a light emitting material.
- the quantum dot 9 has the core-shell structure which consists of the core part 10 and the shell part 10 of one layer
- the shell part 10 is a core-shell-shell structure of a two-layer structure, or a shell part. It can be similarly applied to quantum dots having no dot.
- an anode was formed by forming an ITO film on a glass substrate by sputtering, and washed.
- the specific region was irradiated with laser to perform heat treatment, the surfactant in the specific region was removed, and a light emitting layer having a light emitting region and a non-light emitting region was manufactured.
- the laser irradiation was performed for 1 minute by using a diode laser with an oscillation wavelength of 808 nm and setting the irradiation energy at 80 mJ / cm 2 so that the heat treatment temperature was about 300 ° C.
- a source meter was used, a voltage was applied between the anode and the cathode, and an emission spectrum was measured with a multichannel detector.
- FIG. 6 is an emission spectrum in the first element portion, where the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity (a.u.).
- red light having a peak wavelength of 622 nm and a full width at half maximum ⁇ H of 43 nm was obtained from the first element portion.
- FIG. 7 shows an emission spectrum of the second element portion, where the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis indicates the emission intensity (a.u.).
- green light having a peak wavelength of 525 nm and a full width at half maximum ⁇ H of 90 nm was obtained from the second element portion.
- the sample of the present invention had a sharp emission spectrum and good emission characteristics, and desired emission colors different between the first element portion and the second element portion were obtained.
- Electron transport layer 2 Anode (electrode) 3 Hole transport layer 4 Light-emitting layer 4a Light-emitting region 4b Non-light-emitting region 5 Electron transport layer / second light-emitting layer 6 Cathode 9 Quantum dot 10 Core portion 11 Shell portion 12 Surfactant 13 Quantum dot layer 13a Specific region 15 First Light emitting layer (light emitting layer) 15a light emitting region 15b non-light emitting region 16 second light emitting layer (light emitting layer) 16a light emitting region 16b non-light emitting region 17 third light emitting layer (light emitting layer) 18 Electron transport layer 19 Cathode
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Abstract
Description
3 正孔輸送層
4 発光層
4a 発光領域
4b 非発光領域
5 電子輸送層兼第2発光層
6 陰極
9 量子ドット
10 コア部
11 シェル部
12 界面活性剤
13 量子ドット層
13a 特定領域
15 第1の発光層(発光層)
15a 発光領域
15b 非発光領域
16 第2の発光層(発光層)
16a 発光領域
16b 非発光領域
17 第3の発光層(発光層)
18 電子輸送層
19 陰極
Claims (16)
- 量子ドットを含有する少なくとも1層以上の発光層が、電極間に介装された発光素子であって、
前記発光層のうちの少なくとも1層の発光層は、前記量子ドットの表面に界面活性剤が存在する発光領域と、前記量子ドットの表面に界面活性剤が存在しない非発光領域とを有していることを特徴とする発光素子。 - 前記非発光領域は、熱処理されてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の発光素子。
- 前記発光層の表面に第2発光層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載の発光素子。
- 前記第2発光層は、電子輸送層であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の発光素子。
- 前記発光領域及び前記第2発光層は、それぞれ異なる波長の光を発することを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4記載の発光素子。
- 前記発光層が、平均粒径の異なる2種類以上の量子ドット層の積層体で形成されると共に、前記各発光層は、前記非発光領域の少なくとも一部と前記発光領域の少なくとも一部とが互いに重なり合うように積層されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載の発光素子。
- 前記発光層の各発光領域は、それぞれ異なる波長の光を発することを特徴とする請求項6記載の発光素子。
- 電子輸送層が、前記発光層の表面に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項6又は請求項7記載の発光素子。
- 一方の電極と前記発光層との間に正孔輸送層が介装されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記量子ドットは、コアーシェル構造を有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 量子ドットを含有する少なくとも1層以上の発光層が、電極間に介装された発光素子の製造方法であって、
界面活性剤が表面に配位した少なくとも1種類以上の量子ドットを作製する量子ドット作製工程と、
前記量子ドット作製工程で作製された各量子ドットを使用して少なくとも1層以上の量子ドット層を形成する量子ドット層形成工程と、
前記量子ドット層のうちの少なくとも1層の量子ドット層の特定領域を熱処理して該特定領域の界面活性剤を除去し、発光領域と非発光領域とを有する発光層を作製する界面活性剤除去工程とを含むことを特徴とする発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記発光層の表面に第2発光層を形成することを特徴とする請求項11記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記第2発光層は、電子輸送層であることを特徴とする請求項12記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記量子ドット作製工程では、平均粒径の異なる2種類以上の量子ドットを作製すると共に、これらの量子ドットを使用し、前記非発光領域の少なくとも一部と前記発光領域の少なくとも一部とが互いに重なり合うように前記量子ドット層形成工程と前記界面活性剤除去工程とを複数回実行し、発光波長の異なる2層以上の発光層を形成することを特徴とする請求項11記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記発光層のうち、最上層の発光層の表面に電子輸送層を形成することを特徴とする請求項14記載の発光素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれかに記載の発光素子が、アレイ状に多数配列されていることを特徴とする表示装置。
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| CN201180025257.7A CN102907176B (zh) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-12 | 发光元件、发光元件的制造方法以及显示装置 |
| JP2012517215A JP5446056B2 (ja) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-12 | 発光素子、及び発光素子の製造方法、並びに表示装置 |
| US13/678,630 US8993995B2 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2012-11-16 | Light-emitting element, method of producing light-emitting element, and display device |
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| US13/678,630 Continuation US8993995B2 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2012-11-16 | Light-emitting element, method of producing light-emitting element, and display device |
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| US (1) | US8993995B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5446056B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102907176B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011148791A1 (ja) |
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| WO2020059143A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 発光素子、発光デバイス、及び発光素子の製造方法 |
| CN113647199B (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2024-04-05 | 夏普株式会社 | 发光元件的制造方法 |
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| US12310164B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2025-05-20 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-emitting element including luminous quantum dots and non-luminous quantum dots, display device including light-emitting element thereof, and method of manufacturing light- emitting element thereof |
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| US12289936B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2025-04-29 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light-emitting element, light-emitting device |
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| WO2024079906A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-18 | シャープディスプレイテクノロジー株式会社 | 表示装置の製造方法および表示装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102907176A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
| JP5446056B2 (ja) | 2014-03-19 |
| JPWO2011148791A1 (ja) | 2013-07-25 |
| US8993995B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
| CN102907176B (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
| US20130069036A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
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