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WO2011066732A1 - 回转支承 - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2011066732A1
WO2011066732A1 PCT/CN2010/070737 CN2010070737W WO2011066732A1 WO 2011066732 A1 WO2011066732 A1 WO 2011066732A1 CN 2010070737 W CN2010070737 W CN 2010070737W WO 2011066732 A1 WO2011066732 A1 WO 2011066732A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tooth
raceway
slewing bearing
teeth
effective tooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/070737
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋建军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sany Electric Co Ltd Japan
Original Assignee
Sany Electric Co Ltd Japan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sany Electric Co Ltd Japan filed Critical Sany Electric Co Ltd Japan
Publication of WO2011066732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011066732A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
    • F16C2300/14—Large applications, e.g. bearings having an inner diameter exceeding 500 mm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • a wind turbine variable pitch slewing bearing is generally an internal gear type, and the internal gear has a tooth.
  • the maximum angle of rotation is generally only 90°. That is, only about 1/4 of the teeth are effective teeth, and the remaining 3/4 of the teeth are not used. According to the current pitch slewing bearing, this method will cause great waste of processing and waste a lot of labor, power and equipment resources.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a pitch slewing bearing for a wind power generator, which can overcome the disadvantages of low machining efficiency and large residual stress generated when the gums are fully toothed.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a slewing bearing for fan pitching, comprising a plurality of inner cymbals, a cymbal, a raceway installed between the inner cymbal and the outer cymbal A steel ball and a retainer between the inner bore and the outer bore, wherein one of the inner and outer jaws is a gum and the gum is partially toothed.
  • the partial teeth comprise at least a 90° effective tooth area.
  • the partial toothing has satisfied the need of pitching, thereby overcoming the total tooth generation. It has the disadvantages of low processing efficiency and large residual stress, and has the advantages of compact structure, high processing efficiency and small residual stress.
  • the partial teething range is between 90° and 270°. That is to say, considering the need for assembly transition or other needs, the tooth-forming regions can be extended from the effective tooth region to both sides, respectively, and the regions extending from both sides are not more than 90°, respectively. More preferably, the partial toothing ranges from 90° to 120°.
  • the effective tooth region begins at an angle from an angle of the quenching soft band of the raceway of the gum, the angle being between 30° and 150°. An angle value. More preferably, the effective tooth region ends from a position of 75° from the hardened soft belt of the race of the gingival to a position of 165° from the hardened soft belt of the race of the gingival. . According to an alternative embodiment, the effective tooth area begins at a position that is 75 degrees from the 180° position of the quenching soft band of the raceway of the gum. For the rim of the raceway without quenching soft belt, the effective tooth area can be in any position. According to a preferred embodiment, the teeth in the effective tooth region are complete teeth.
  • the effective tooth region is quenched. That is, when the tooth is quenched, only the pitch effective tooth portion can be quenched or other requirements can be considered, and the quenching area can be expanded to both sides, and the extended range depends on the use condition.
  • the partial toothing can be achieved by means of a toothed or finely ground tooth. The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are: the toothing efficiency is increased by 2 times; the tooth surface quenching efficiency is increased by 3.5 times; the machining residual stress is greatly reduced; the gum deformation is greatly reduced; and the pitching branching performance is greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a slewing bearing of a fan pitch
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the gingival teeth of the first embodiment
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A slewing bearing for a fan pitch is shown in Fig. 1, which includes an outer cymbal 1, a steel ball 2, a retainer 3, an inner cymbal 4, a sealing cymbal 5, and the like.
  • the steel ball 2 is installed between the raceway of the outer cymbal 1 and the raceway of the inner cymbal 4, and the retainer 3 is installed between the outer cymbal 1 and the inner cymbal 4, and the outer cymbal 1 and the inner cymbal 4 are relatively rotatable, and the sealing cymbal 5 is sealed. Oil and dust protection.
  • One of the outer iliac crest 1 and the inner iliac crest 4 is a gingival ridge, and the inner iliac crest 4 is exemplified in FIG.
  • the inner bore 4 (girdle) only has a partial tooth that includes at least an effective tooth region corresponding to the maximum angle of rotation of the wind turbine during pitching.
  • the partial tooth When the maximum rotation angle of the wind turbine is 90°, the partial tooth includes an effective tooth area of 90°.
  • the tooth-forming region can be extended from the effective tooth region to both sides, and the regions extending from the two sides are respectively not more than 90°, that is, the tooth-making range is between 90° and 270°, preferably between 90° and 120°.
  • the effective tooth area can be in any position.
  • the distribution position of the effective tooth region is different for the "softened band" shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the molars in the first embodiment.
  • the raceway of the inner bore 4 (girdle) has a hardened soft belt S.
  • the raceway of the inner bore 4 may have two hardened soft belts.
  • the two soft belts may be distributed at the same position or symmetrically distributed at 180°.
  • the effective tooth area starts from an angle of the hardened soft belt from the track of the gum. The angle is an angle value taken between 30° and 150°.
  • the effective tooth area is from the distance "soft band, 75° position to 165° position" End of the 90° range.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the molars of the second embodiment. In the embodiment shown in Fig.
  • the starting position of the pitch effective tooth portion is started at a position which is 75° apart from the position at 180° from the soft belt S.
  • the teeth in the 90° range are required to be complete teeth.
  • the tooth-making method can take the gear-toothing method and the “milling method.”
  • the gear-toothing method is used, three non-complete teeth are allowed at both ends of the tooth-making part.
  • the teeth of ⁇ 4 (girdle) can be quenched or quenched.
  • quenching generally only the effective tooth portion of the pitch (within 90°) is quenched. Considering other requirements, the quenching area can be extended to both sides. Depending on usage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

回转支承 技术领域 本发明涉及轴承领域， 尤其涉及用于风机变桨的回转轴承。 背景技术 目前风力发电机变桨回转支承一般为内齿式， 且内齿圏整圏都有齿。 实 际上， 风力发电机在变桨时， 一般最大旋转角度只有 90° 。 也就是说， 只有 约 1/4的齿是有效齿， 其余约 3/4的齿是不用的。 按目前的变桨回转支承整 圏制齿这种方式， 会造成加工的极大浪费， 浪费大量的劳力、 电力、 设备资 源。 另外， 变桨回转支 钢球与滚道之间是小过盈装配的， 滚道变形对回转 支承质量影响至关重要。 由于全部制齿， 特别是铣齿时， 短时间内机加工量 过大， 造成残余应力过大， 最终残余应力的释放会造成齿圏变形 4艮大， 严重 影响变桨回转支承的性能。 因此， 急切需要一种新的设计方法， 尽量减少多 余加工， 来保证变桨回转支承质量的同时提高回转支承的加工效率。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种风力发电机用变桨回转支承，它能够克服齿 圏全部制齿时产生的加工效率低、 残余应力大等缺点。 本发明所提供的技术方案为：一种用于风机变桨的回转轴承，包括内圏、 夕卜圏、 安装在所述内圏的滚道和所述外圏的滚道之间的多个钢球和所述内圏 和所述外圏之间的保持器， 其特征在于， 所述内圏和外圏中的一个为齿圏并 且所述齿圏为部分制齿。优选地，所述部分制齿至少包括 90° 的有效齿区域。 由于风力发电机在变桨时， 一般最大旋转角度只有 90° , 因 jtb包括了 90° 的有效齿区域的部分制齿就已经满足了变桨的需要， 从而克服齿圏全部制齿 时产生的加工效率低、 残余应力大等缺点， 而具有结构紧凑、 加工效率高、 残余应力小等优点。 根据一个优选实施例， 所述部分制齿的范围为 90° ~ 270° 之间。 也就 是说， 考虑到装配过渡的需要或其它的需要， 制齿区域可分别从有效齿区域 向两边扩展， 从两边扩展的区域分别不大于 90° 。 更优选地， 所述部分制齿 的范围为 90° ~ 120° 之间。 才艮据一个优选实施例，所述有效齿区域从巨离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软 带的一个角度的位置处开始， 所述一个角度为取自 30° ~ 150° 之间的一个 角度值。 更优选地， 所述有效齿区域从距离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的 75° 的位置处开始至 巨离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的 165 ° 的位置处结束。 才艮 据一个可替换实施例， 所述有效齿区域从与距离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带 的 180° 的位置相 巨 75° 的位置处开始。 对于滚道无淬火软带的齿圏， 有效 齿区域可在任意位置。 才艮据一个优选实施例， 所述有效齿区域内的齿为完整齿。 根据一个优选实施例， 至少所述有效齿区域进行淬火。 即齿淬火时， 可 以只对变桨有效齿部分淬火或者考虑到其它需求， 淬火区域可向两边扩展， 扩展范围视使用情况而定。 才艮据一个优选实施例， 所述部分制齿可通过插齿或精铣齿来实现。 本发明相对现有技术的优点在于： 制齿效率提高 2倍； 齿面淬火效率提 高 3.5倍； 机加工残余应力大幅减小； 齿圏变形大幅减小； 变桨回转支 性 能大幅提高。 附图说明 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明故进一步说明： 图 1风机变桨的回转支承总体结构示意图； 图 2 居第一具体实施方式的齿圏齿分布示意图； 图 3 才艮据第二具体实施方式的齿圏齿分布示意图。 具体实施方式 图 1 中示出了一种风机变桨用回转支承， 它包括外圏 1、 钢球 2、 保持 器 3、 内圏 4、 密封圏 5等。 钢球 2安装在外圏 1的滚道和内圏 4的滚道之 间， 保持器 3安装在外圏 1和内圏 4之间， 外圏 1和内圏 4可相对转动， 密 封圏 5起封油及防尘作用。 外圏 1和内圏 4中的一个为齿圏， 图 1中示例出内圏 4为齿圏。 内圏 4(齿圏）只制部分齿， 该部分齿至少包括与风力发电机在变桨时的 最大旋转角度相应的有效齿区域。 在风力发电机的最大旋转角度为 90° 时， 该部分齿包括 90° 的有效齿区域。 制齿区域可分别从有效齿区域向两边扩 展， 从两边扩展的区域分别不大于 90° , 即制齿范围在 90° ~ 270° 范围之 间， 优选的在 90° ~ 120° 范围之间。 对于滚道无淬火软带的齿圏， 有效齿区域可在任意位置。 而对于才艮据图 2, 图 3示出的有 "淬软带，， 的齿圏， 有效齿区域的分布 位置则不同。 图 2示出了 居第一具体实施方式的齿圏齿分布示意图，其中内圏 4(齿 圏）的滚道具有一个淬火软带 S。 当然， 在未示出的实施方式中， 内圏 4(齿圏） 的滚道可以具有两个淬火软带。 两个淬火软带时， 两个软带可分布在同一位 置， 也可 180° 对称分布。 变桨时其有效齿区域从距离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的一个角度的 位置处开始， 所述一个角度为取自 30° - 150° 之间的一个角度值。 在该图 2 中示出的实施例中， 有效齿区域为从距离 "软带，， 75° 位置开始至 165° 位置结束的 90° 范围内部分。 图 3 示出了 居第二具体实施方式的齿圏齿分布示意图。 在 居图 3 示出的实施例中， 变桨有效齿部分的开始位置为与距离软带 S为 180° 的位 置相 巨 75° 的位置处开始。 在制齿时， 要求该 90° 范围内的齿为完整齿。 考虑到装配过渡的需要 或其它的需要， 制齿方式可釆取插齿方式和^"铣齿方式。 当釆用插齿方式时， 制齿部分两端分别允许有 3个非完整齿。 内圏 4(齿圏）的齿可淬火， 也可以不 淬火。 淬火时， 一般只对变桨有效齿部分 (90° 范围内）淬火， 考虑到其它需 求， 淬火区域可向两边扩展， 扩展范围视使用情况而定。 参考标识
1 夕卜圏 2 4冈 ί求
3 保持器 4 内圈 密封圏 S软带

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种用于风机变桨的回转轴承， 包括内圏 （4 )、 外圏 （ 1 )、 安装在所 述内圏 （ 4 ) 的滚道和所述外圏 （ 1 ) 的滚道之间的多个钢球 ( 2 )和所 述内圏 （4 ) 所述外圏 （ 1 ) 之间的保持器 （3 ), 其特征在于， 所述内 圏 （4 ) 和所述外圏 （ 1 ) 中的一个为齿圏并且所述齿圏为部分制齿。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的回转轴承， 其特征在于， 所述部分制齿至少包 括 90° 的有效齿区域。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的回转轴承， 其特征在于， 所述部分制齿的范围 为 90° ~ 270° 之间。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的回转轴承， 其特征在于， 所述部分制齿的范围 为 90° ~ 120° 之间。
5. 才艮据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的回转轴 其特征在于， 所述有效 齿区域从距离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的一个角度的位置处开始， 所述一个角度为取自 30° ~ 150° 之间的一个角度值。
6. 居权利要求 5所述的回转轴 其特征在于， 所述有效齿区域从巨 离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的 75° 的位置处开始至 巨离所述齿圏的 滚道的淬火软带的 165° 的位置处结束。
7. 才艮据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的回转轴 其特征在于， 所述有效 齿区域从与距离所述齿圏的滚道的淬火软带的 180° 的位置相距 75° 的位置处开始。
8. 才艮据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的回转轴 其特征在于， 所述有效 齿区域内的齿为完整齿。
9. 根据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的回转轴承， 其特征在于， 至少对所 述有效齿区域进行淬火。
10. 根据权利要求 2-4 中任一项所述的回转轴承， 其特征在于， 所述部分 制齿可通过插齿或精铣齿来实现。
PCT/CN2010/070737 2009-12-04 2010-02-24 回转支承 Ceased WO2011066732A1 (zh)

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CN2009102413243A CN101725631B (zh) 2009-12-04 2009-12-04 回转支承
CN200910241324.3 2009-12-04

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