WO2010031664A1 - Method and device for separating laminated glass panes from laminated glass panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to a device for separating individual laminated glass panes from a large-format laminated glass panel comprising at least one transparent laminated film and transparent glass, e.g., laminated safety glass panel, in an automatically operating laminated glass cutting system, in which the laminated glass panel is divided along predefined dividing lines by scoring and fractured into individual panes and the laminated film is severed in the fracture area, wherein before the fracturing the material of the laminated film is partially melted, perforated, or completely melted along the dividing lines with the laser beam of a laser device.

Description

 Method and device for separating laminated glass panes from laminated glass panels

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating laminated glass panes, in particular laminated safety glass panes, from laminated glass panels, in particular laminated safety glass panel, by scratching and breaking.

The demand for laminated glass panes is steadily increasing. Also, more and more cutting forms are required, such as in the float glass pane area. Laminated glass in the context of the invention are mainly laminated safety glass (also abbreviated to VSG hereinafter), but also glass modules used in particular in photovoltaic systems, which usually have a front glass and a rear glass and a composite film, e.g. of polyvinyl butyrate (PVB).

Laminated safety glass usually consists of two or more panes of equal or different thickness. Between the panes there are composite plastic foils - also called composite foil in the following - from one or more layers. Safety glasses from only one disc with composite film on one or both sides are also known. As a composite film usually Polyvinylbuyrol films are used.

The previous cutting or separation methods for laminated safety glass are very time-consuming, since in most cases the films are thermally separated. Particularly complex is the separation of model glass panes, which are discs with non-linear edges. In practice, a combustible liquid is applied and ignited along the dividing line. This process is extremely dangerous and can also damage the glass surface and the edge area. Since the glass sheets to be separated are still held together after being scored by the film, when the cuts are broken, the glass edges abut each other and glass particles can chip off, which leads to reduced edge quality and requires reworking.

Extensive state of the art in the field is z. As described in EP 596 852 Al, the disclosure of which should be considered integrated into this description. i

The following methods are currently used to separate laminated safety glass:

1. The VSG is scratched and broken from both sides. Thereafter, the glass is clamped and the film is stretched mechanically with great force until a gap between the glasses to be separated is formed, in which a knife dips and cuts through the film.

Disadvantage :

- Very expensive and expensive

- High force when separating and therefore very massive construction of the separator

- Imprints occur on coated glasses due to high clamping forces

- Foil can come off the glass in the edge area

- Only straight cuts possible

2. The VSG is scratched and broken from both sides. Thereafter, the film is heated with a heater. The so softened film is pulled apart until completely separated.

Disadvantage:

- Foil can come off the glass in the edge area

- Film remains stuck to the glass edge

- Glass is heated in the edge area, which can damage the glass edge during the subsequent cut

- Only straight cuts possible 3. In a combination of methods 1 and 2, the softened film is separated with a knife.

4. The LSG is sawn with wet processing usually with 3 or more single slices in the LSG.

Haste makes:

The process is expensive

The process is slow

Wet processing impairs the process

- Only straight cuts possible

5. Separate the VSG using a water jet cutting method.

Mach parts:

The process is expensive

The process is very slow

- The wet processing affects the process

All previously known methods require a long cycle time for the film race within the process time for the division.

The object of the invention is to provide a cycle time for the film race shortening VSG separation process and a device that does not affect the VSG in the cutting area and in particular not damage the glass edges in the cutting area and also allow any non-linear contours easily and quickly from a Separate glass pane.

This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 7. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the claims dependent on these claims.

According to the method according to the invention, the laminated film of a laminated safety glass is placed inside the not yet broken laminated safety glass or on the surface of a not yet broken laminated safety glass along a predetermined cutting line or scribe line which is ner control device of an automatic cutting system is preprogrammed and their control values on the Schneidbzw. Scoring devices of the cutting system are transferred, before breaking with a laser beam of a laser device Ii- nienförmig z. B. with temperatures between 100 and 300 ⁰ C melted {damaged and / or weakened) or perforated or completely melted. Melted down means that the molecular chains that make up the film are sufficiently extensively destroyed that, after breaking, the film does not offer any considerable resistance to the separation of the separated glass panes.

A scribing of the VSG panel along the cutting lines occurs with respect to the laser before or after or simultaneously. Breaking along the cutting or scratching lines occurs after the film has been lasered and after the glass has been scribed.

It is also possible with the invention to laser-screen surface-coated laminated safety glass panels. If it is a double-sided coating, at least on one side along the dividing lines before lasering, after the so-called edge delayering, according to the teaching of EP patent 0 517 176, the disclosure of which is to be considered integrated into this description. In the case of a one-sided coating, the lasering can also be carried out before the stripping along the dividing lines from the uncoated side, and z. B. before or after the stripping take place; should be lasered from the coated side, is previously stripped along the Λufteilungs- lines.

Useful for the invention are laser devices whose laser beam energy not only heats the glass or not simultaneously the glass and the film material but whose laser beam energy only or mainly heats the film material. Accordingly, laser devices are selected, the laser operates in a wavelength range in which the absorption of the laser beam in the film well above the absorption of the glass z. B. over 30%, in particular in the range of 30 to 90%, while the absorption of the glass below 10%, z. B. between 5 and 30%. Laser devices that can ensure this, z. Example, a wavelength of the laser between about 2100 and about 2600 nm. With such lasers, a laser beam can be focused in the film; its energy is not significantly absorbed by the glass material. The absorption of the laser beam energy takes place essentially in the film, which heats up or melts. Suitable z. As lasers with a power between 20 and 100 watts, in particular 20 to 500 watts. In this performance range previously used films of a thickness, for example between 0.38 and 3.8 mm can be melted.

According to the invention, the laser device is arranged on a tool carrier of a cutting device which is preferably movably arranged on a preferably moveable bridge.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show, by way of example and schematically, arrangements according to the invention of a laser device in a cutting device of a VSG cutting system. Show it:

1 shows in perspective and schematically a erfindüngsgemäße cutting table device of a VSG cutting system.

Fig. 2 in perspective and schematically the cutting bridge of the cutting device of Fig. 1;

3 shows in perspective and schematically another cutting table device according to the invention of a VSG cutting system;

4 shows in perspective and schematically a third embodiment of a cutting table device according to the invention of a VSG cutting system;

VSG cutting systems with horizontal support elements are z. B. in DE 101 64 872 B4, DE 101 57 833 B4 or DE 198 22 282 Cl described. The essential components of such cutting systems are known, which is why the description of the invention is made only on the basis of the components which are essential for the invention. are essential. Nevertheless, the disclosure content of these documents should be considered integrated into this description.

As a rule, a VSG cutting machine has a machine base that is fundamentally resistant to foundation and carries the functional components of the VSG cutting system. In general, a VSG cutting system also has two horizontal support elements 1, 2 lined up for a VSG panel 4, between which a gap 3 is provided (FIG. 1, FIG. 2). In the gap 3 is a double cutting bridge 5 with a horizontal upper support beam 6 and a vertical spaced below arranged horizontal lower support beam 7, which form a horizontal gap 8. The support level of the support elements 1, 2 is within the gap 8, so that through the gap 8 glass sheets or a glass sheet 4 can be transported. At the upper support beam 6 sits an upper tool carrier 13, which carries as tools a cutting head 10 and possibly a crushing roller 11 and according to the invention, a laser device 12. The cutting head 13 with the tools 10, 11 and 12 is arranged horizontally movable along the support beam 6 in and with corresponding guide elements 14.

At the lower support beam 7 is a lower tool carrier 15 with a cutting head 10 opposite arranged counter cutting head 16. The lower tool carrier 15 with the cutting head 16 is arranged horizontally movable along the support bridge 7 in and with corresponding guide elements 17a. The laser device 12 can also below, z. B. on the tool carrier 15 may be arranged.

With these cutting device elements, a VSG panel 4 with scribing lines 18 introduced with the tools 10 and 16 can be divided into glass panes 17 programmatically with a control device provided for this purpose in the cutting system, whereby not rectilinear scribing lines 19 can be produced.

For this division, the VSG cutting system has a control device in a manner known per se, which has a corresponding processing program. With the same program, the laser device 12 is preferably also controlled, which weakens, melts or perforates the film of the laminated safety glass in the region of the dividing lines before scoring or after scoring or simultaneously with the scoring.

After scribing is along the scribe lines z. B. broken with the crushing roller 11, which also programmatically abducts the splitting lines. After breaking the cut glass panes 17 are removed, in the case of weakening or perforation of the film still a relatively small work is spent on the complete separation of the film. Important is the time factor. It may be the tact time for the film race to z. B. 30 to 50% can be reduced.

For transporting the laminated safety glass 4 and / or glass panes 17 in the transport direction 21 or 22, corresponding transport means (not shown) are provided.

The embodiment of the cutting table device according to FIG. 3 has a separate support bridge 20 above the support element 2, which is movably arranged in the transport direction 21 on the cutting device. The support bridge 20 preferably carries a laser tool 12 via a tool carrier 22, wherein the tool carrier 22 is arranged to be movable in the direction of travel 23 back and forth on the support bridge 20.

According to the invention, a feed table and a cutting device according to DE 10164874 B4 are preferably used as support element 2. (The disclosure of this document is intended to be considered integrated into this description.) Accordingly, a transport bridge 25 is arranged above the cutting table 5 upstream feed table 24 movable in the double arrow direction on the cutting unit or on the machine frame (Fig. 4). The transport bridge 25 has gripping elements 26 z. B. in the form of claws or staples (finger grippers) or suckers that a VSG panel 4 or cut glass panes 17 z. B. on an edge or in an edge region or hold and can move on the feed table 24 into the gap 8 or through the gap 8. In the gap 8, the VSG board 4 or cut glass sheets 17 are scratched or lasered or broken along the predetermined parting lines 18, 19, wherein any cutting contours can be driven. For this purpose, cutting or scoring tools and preferably also the crushing roller having crushing tools are used, which are arranged freely rotatable about a vertical axis or driven and thus z. B. a scoring tool about a horizontal axis rotatably arranged cutting wheel or arranged around a horizontal axis on the breaking tool crushing roller can follow any separation line course.

According to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the laser device can also be arranged on the lower support bar 7 of a cutting bridge 5.

The invention can also be carried out in laminated safety glass cutting installations in which the laminated safety glass panels and / or the laminated safety glass panes are divided upright on an edge (eg EP 596 852 A1). (The disclosure of this document is intended to be considered integrated into this specification.)

According to the invention, a laser device can also be provided which is carried and maneuvered by a controlled robot which operates independently of the bridge movements.

With suitable laser beam sources can be at z. B. in particular smaller VSG formats with a laser beam source and a laser scanner (computer-controlled moving mirror, which projects the laser beam onto the film along the dividing line) are worked.

Claims

claims A method of separating individual laminated glass sheets from a large sized composite glass sheet comprising at least one transparent composite sheet and transparent glass, e.g. Laminated safety glass panel, in an automatic laminated glass cutting machine in which the laminated glass panel is divided along predetermined dividing lines by cracks and broken into individual disks and the composite film is cut in the fracture region, characterized in that before breaking with the laser beam of a laser device, the material of the composite film fused along the dividing lines , perforated or melted through. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite film is melted, perforated or melted through before the splitting along or along the dividing lines. 3. Method according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that laser devices are used whose laser has a power between 20 and 500 watts. 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that laser devices are used, the laser beam undergoes absorption in the film material, which is greater than the absorption in the glass material. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the absorption in the film is more than 10%, in particular more than 30% and especially between 30 and 90%, while the absorption of the glass material is below 50%, in particular below 10% and completely especially between 5% and 30%. 6. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that laser devices are used whose laser beam has wavelengths between 2100 and 2600 nm. 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a coated laminated safety glass panel is stripped off along the splitting lines before the lasering. 8. An apparatus for separating laminated safety glass panes (17) comprising at least one composite foil from a large-format composite safety glass panel (4), in particular for carrying out the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, comprising a laminated safety glass cutting device with two adjacent armature elements (1, 2) for a laminated safety glass panel (4) and / or for laminated safety glass panes (17), wherein between the Auflägeelernenten (1, 2) a gap (3) is provided in the area of a fixed double cutting bridge (5) with a first support beam ( 6) and a second support beam (7) is arranged, at which preferably at least one tool carrier (13, 15) with at least one tool (10) is provided, and wherein means for separating the composite film are present, characterized in that on one of the tool carriers (13, 15) or on a separate, above the egg NEN Auflägeelernent (1} provided transport bridge (20) or a robot or a laser scanner plus laser beam source, in particular on a on the transport bridge (20) arranged tool carrier (22), as means for separating the composite film, a laser device (12) is arranged, which is designed and positioned such that its laser beam can penetrate the laminated safety glass almost without loss and the laser beam focus can be brought into the film such that the composite film is weakened, perforated or melted through can be . 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the laser device (12) is height-adjustable and / or laterally adjustable and / or angularly adjustable with respect to its laser beam. 10. Device according to claim 8 and / or 9, characterized in that the laser device has a laser whose beam has a wavelength between 2100 and 2600 IM and preferably a power between 20 and 500 watts. 11. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterized g e k e n e n e c i n e s that the transport bridge (20) is arranged transversely to its longitudinal extent on or in the cutting device movable. 12. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the laser device (12) is arranged to be movable directly or indirectly along the support bridge (20). 13. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that on the double bridge (5), in particular on at least one of the tool carrier (13, 15) a crushing roller device (11) is arranged for breaking the scored glass. 14. Device according to one or more of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that transport means (25, 26) are provided, which can move a flat lying glass sheet and / or flat glass panes on the surface of the support elements (1, 2). 15. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that e e n e c i n e s that the transport means comprise at least one transport bridge (25) on which at least one gripping element (26), z. B. a finger gripper or a sucker for gripping and moving a lying on the support element (1) glass panel or glass sheets is arranged. 16. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the support elements (1, 2) form vertical or slightly inclined from the vertical support surface for a glass sheet or glass and the crushing and scoring device and the laser device are arranged accordingly , 17. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that e e e c e n e s that the support elements (1, 2) form horizontally aligned bearing surfaces and the scribe and crushing device and the laser device are arranged accordingly. 18. The device according to one or more of claims 8, 10, 14, 15, 16 and 17, e e c e n e c i n e t d u r c h a laser beam source combined with a movable mirror device.