WO2010083871A1 - Verbindungen für elektronische vorrichtungen - Google Patents
Verbindungen für elektronische vorrichtungen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010083871A1 WO2010083871A1 PCT/EP2009/009219 EP2009009219W WO2010083871A1 WO 2010083871 A1 WO2010083871 A1 WO 2010083871A1 EP 2009009219 W EP2009009219 W EP 2009009219W WO 2010083871 A1 WO2010083871 A1 WO 2010083871A1
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- TUOHFCHXXAIWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(N(c1c(C(C)(C)c2c3)cccc1)c2ccc3-c(cc1)ccc1Br)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(N(c1c(C(C)(C)c2c3)cccc1)c2ccc3-c(cc1)ccc1Br)=O TUOHFCHXXAIWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWANOGEDHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(N(c1c(C(C)(C)c2c3)cccc1)c2ccc3-c(cc1)ccc1N(c1c(C)cccc1)c1ccccc1C)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(N(c1c(C(C)(C)c2c3)cccc1)c2ccc3-c(cc1)ccc1N(c1c(C)cccc1)c1ccccc1C)=O MDWANOGEDHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNJBXTCAPHTCCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(c(cccc1)c1Nc(cc1)cc(C2(C)C)c1-c(cc1C3(C)C)c2cc1-c(cc1)c3cc1Nc1ccccc1C(C)(C)O)O Chemical compound CC(C)(c(cccc1)c1Nc(cc1)cc(C2(C)C)c1-c(cc1C3(C)C)c2cc1-c(cc1)c3cc1Nc1ccccc1C(C)(C)O)O JNJBXTCAPHTCCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUXCVQBKHYEZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(c1c2)c3cc(Nc4ccccc4C4(C)C)c4cc3-c1cc(C1(C)C)c2Nc2c1cccc2 Chemical compound CC(C)(c1c2)c3cc(Nc4ccccc4C4(C)C)c4cc3-c1cc(C1(C)C)c2Nc2c1cccc2 CUXCVQBKHYEZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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- C07D219/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing acridine or hydrogenated acridine ring systems
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- C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
- C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
- C07D265/38—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
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- C07D279/10—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines
- C07D279/14—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D279/36—[b, e]-condensed, at least one with a further condensed benzene ring
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C09B3/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings
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- C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
- C09B5/24—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position
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- C09B5/24—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position
- C09B5/44—Azines of the anthracene series
- C09B5/60—Thiazines; Oxazines
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
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- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
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- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/917—Electroluminescent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compounds according to formula (1) and their use in electronic devices and electronic
- the operating voltage is quite high, especially with fluorescent OLEDs, and should therefore be further reduced to improve power efficiency. This is especially important for mobile applications. Here further improvements are desirable, especially in charge transport materials.
- the voltage is dependent on the layer thickness of the hole transport layer.
- a higher layer thickness of the hole transport layer would often be desirable. However, this can not be realized because of the associated increase in voltage with materials according to the prior art.
- Arylamines are used as hole transport and injection materials.
- Such materials based on indenofluorenes are disclosed, for example, in WO 06/100896 and WO 06/122630.
- the above-described indenofluorenamines have disadvantages in terms of processibility: During the vapor deposition or coating process premature deposition and thus a complication of the technical process can occur.
- hole transporting materials generally often have low electron stability, resulting in low lifetimes of associated diodes in operation. There is further need for improvement here.
- WO 07/064104 discloses quinacridine derivatives and their use in electronic devices.
- the present invention describes piperidine derivatives and related heterocyclic derivatives as a new class of material having emitting and hole transporting properties, in particular for use in the emission and / or hole transport and / or hole injection layer of electroluminescent devices.
- the use of the compounds according to the invention results in improvements over the prior art.
- the focus here is on lowering the operating voltage with increased hole mobility and improving the service life, possibly due to increased electron stability achieved by energetic boosting of the LUMO.
- this class has a lower tendency to crystallize than arylamines according to the prior art.
- Electroluminescent devices containing phosphorescent emitters are suitable. Particularly favorable results will be in terms of life and energy efficiency of the electroluminescent devices when using the compounds of formula (1) in the Hole transport layer or the emitting layer of the devices containing phosphorescent emitter.
- the invention thus relates to a compound according to formula (1),
- X is the same or different at each occurrence as a bivalent
- Ar 1 is an aromatic ring system having 10 to 40 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;
- Ar 2 to Ar 5 are identical or different at each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;
- R is the same or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, Cl, Br, I 1 CHO, N (R 2 ) 2 , N (Ar 6 J 2 ,
- R 3 is the same or different H, F or an aliphatic, aromatic and / or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C-atoms, in which also one or more at each occurrence H atoms can be replaced by F atoms, wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 3 can also form together a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system;
- Ar 6 is the same or different on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R 3 radicals, wherein also two radicals Ar 6 , which bind to the same nitrogen or phosphorus atom, by a single bond or a bridge selected from the group consisting of B (R 3 ), C (R 3 ) 2 ,
- n 1, 2 or 3.
- adjacent substituents are to be understood as meaning substituents which are either bonded to the same atom, that is to say, for example, the two substituents R 1 in a group C (R 1 ) 2 , or substituents which are bonded to directly adjacent atoms, that is to say, for example both substituents R 1 in a group C (R 1 ) -C (R 1 ).
- An aryl group or a heteroaryl group in the context of this invention is understood as meaning an aromatic group (aromatic hydrocarbon radical) or heteroaromatic group having a common aromatic electron system, where an aryl group has 6 to 40, preferably 6 to 24, C atoms and a heteroaryl group 2 to 40, preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms and a total of at least 5 aromatic ring atoms.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S. For the purposes of this invention, this may be a simple homoatom.
- benzene for example benzene, pyridine, thiophene, etc.
- it may be a fused aromatic ring system in which at least two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings, for example benzene rings, are "fused" together, ie fused together by annulation, ie at least one common edge and thereby also have a common aromatic system.
- the condensed aromatics may be condensed linear or angular.
- the aryl or heteroaryl groups may be substituted or unsubstituted; also optionally present substituents may form further ring systems.
- systems such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, benzanthracene, pyrene, etc. as aryl groups and quinoline, acridine, benzothiophene, carbazole, etc. are to be understood as heteroaryl groups in the context of this invention, while for example biphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, etc. no Aryl groups represent, since these are separate aromatic electron systems.
- Linearly fused aromatic ring systems are, for example, anthracene, tetracene and pentacene.
- Angular fused aromatic ring systems are, for example, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene and benzanthracene.
- An aromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the ring system.
- a heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention contains 2 to 40 C atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of the C atoms and heteroatoms gives at least 5.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
- An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups but in which also several aryl or heteroaryl groups a short, non-aromatic moiety (less than 10% of the atoms other than H, preferably less than 5% of the atoms other than H), such as e.g. As a C, N or O atom can be connected.
- systems such as 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diaryl fluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ethers, etc. are to be understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention.
- the invention is understood to mean biphenyls, terphenyls, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, tetrahydropyrenes and cis- or trans-indenofluorene.
- Alkyl group in which individual H atoms or CH 2 groups may be substituted by the above groups particularly preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl , t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s -pentyl, tert-pentyl, 2-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, s -hexyl, tert -hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2 Methylpentyl, n-heptyl, 2-heptyl, 3-heptyl, 4-heptyl, cycloheptyl, 1-methylcyclohexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, cyclooctyl,
- an alkenyl group is particularly preferably understood to mean the radicals ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl and cyclooctenyl.
- an alkynyl group is particularly preferably understood as meaning the radicals ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl and octynyl.
- a C 1 - to C 40 -alkoxy group is particularly preferably understood to mean methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy and 2-methylbutoxy.
- aryl or heteroaryl group which may be monovalent or bivalent depending on the use, which may be substituted in each case with the abovementioned radicals R 1 and which may be linked via any position on the aromatic or heteroaromatic, are understood in particular groups, which are derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, benzanthracene, tetracene, pentacene,
- Ar 2 to Ar 5 are identical or different at each occurrence phenyl, 1-naphthyl or 2-naphthyl, more preferably phenyl or 2-naphthyl, most preferably phenyl, each by one or more radicals R 1 may be substituted.
- X in formula (1) or (2) is the same or different each occurrence of a divalent bridge C (R 1 ) 2 , wherein R 1 is as above is defined and preferably at each occurrence the same or different, more preferably the same is selected from the group consisting of H 1 F, straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F.
- phenyl and naphthyl which may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , preferably methyl, is particularly preferably unsubstituted, and a combination of these systems, wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 1 are also mono- or with each other polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system can form.
- the group An represents a polycyclic aromatic ring system having 12 to 30 aromatic ring atoms or a fused aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 20 aromatic carbon atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 .
- the group Ar 1 is a group of the following formulas (3) to (15),
- R 1 is as defined above, and in which:
- Y has the same meaning as X and is preferably the same or different on each occurrence as a divalent bridge selected from the group consisting of C (R 1 ) 2 , Si (R 1 ) 2 , O, S, N (R 1 ), P (R 1 ), more preferably selected from the group consisting of C (R 1 ) 2 , S, and N (R 1 );
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the groups A ⁇ according to the formulas (3) to (15) are the groups of the following formulas (16) to (48)
- each of the above groups may each be further substituted by one or more of R 1 , preferably not further substituted;
- a group X binds to the unit Ar 1 , it preferably binds to the position adjacent to the bond of the nitrogen.
- the radical R 1 is phenyl which is identical or different at each occurrence with one or more alkyl groups may be substituted by 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is a trivalent group selected from units of the formulas (49) to (51),
- Y is as defined above and is preferably the same or different at each occurrence, each a bivalent bridge selected from the group consisting of C (R 1 ) 2 , Si (R 1 ) 2 , O, S, N (R 1 ) and P (R 1 ), more preferably selected from the group consisting of C (R 1 J 2 , S and N (R 1 );
- R 1 is as defined above, preferably the same or different at each occurrence, more preferably the same is selected from the group consisting of H, F, straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl, wherein one or more H atoms F may be replaced, and phenyl and naphthyl, preferably phenyl, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , preferably methyl, is particularly preferably unsubstituted, and a combination of these systems, wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 1 also together mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system can form:
- each of the above groups may each be further substituted by one or more of R 1 , preferably not further substituted;
- a group X binds to the moiety An, it will preferentially bind to the position adjacent to the bond of the nitrogen.
- An is a tetravalent group of the formula (52)
- the indices m1 to m6 are 0 or 1, wherein at least one of the indices m1, m3, m4 and / or m6 is 1. At least two of the indices m1 to m6 are preferably equal to 1.
- Examples of preferred compounds according to formula (1) are the structures (1) to (110) depicted below.
- the compounds of the invention can according to the expert known synthesis steps, such as. B. Hartwig-Buchwald couplings and acid-catalyzed ring closure reactions can be obtained.
- the group Ar 1 which is substituted with reactive leaving groups, for example halogens, in particular Br or I 1 , with an arylamine, which is substituted in the ortho position by a carboxylic acid ester group, be coupled in a Hartwig-Buchwald coupling.
- the carboxylic acid ester group can then be replaced by addition of a organometallic reagent, such as an organolithium compound or a Grignard reagent, are converted to the corresponding alcohol, which undergoes an acid-catalyzed ring closure reaction with Ar 1 .
- Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of compounds according to formula (1), comprising the following reaction steps:
- these process steps may be followed by a further coupling reaction to introduce a further group Ar 2 or Ar 3 or Ar 4 or Ar 5 or this coupling reaction may be carried out before the ring-closing reaction.
- the compounds of the invention may also be part of an oligomer, polymer or dendrimer.
- the place of the Binding to a substituent on the compound of the invention binding to the oligomer, polymer or dendrimer are therefore oligomers, polymers and dendrimers containing one or more of the above compounds.
- the compounds of the formula (1) according to the invention are suitable for use in electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs). Depending on the substitution, the compounds are used in different functions and layers.
- OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
- the electronic devices are preferably selected from the group consisting of organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field-effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting transistors (O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), organic laser diodes (O-lasers), and most preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs).
- O-ICs organic integrated circuits
- O-FETs organic field-effect transistors
- OF-TFTs organic thin-film transistors
- O-LETs organic light-emitting transistors
- O-SCs organic solar cells
- organic optical detectors organic photoreceptors
- O-FQDs organic field quench devices
- LECs organic laser diodes
- O-lasers organic laser diodes
- Yet another object of the invention are electronic
- the electronic devices are preferably selected from the above-mentioned devices.
- organic electroluminescent devices comprising the anode, cathode and at least one emitting layer, characterized in that at least one organic layer, which may be an emitting layer, a hole transport layer or another layer, contains at least one compound according to formula (1).
- the organic electroluminescent device may contain further layers. These are, for example, selected from in each case one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, electron blocking layers, exciton blocking layers, charge generation layers
- the organic electroluminescent device may also include a plurality of emitting layers.
- these emission layers particularly preferably have a total of several emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that overall white emission results, ie. H.
- various emitting compounds are used which can fluoresce or phosphoresce and which emit blue and yellow, orange or red light.
- Particularly preferred are three-layer systems, ie systems with three emitting layers, wherein at least one of these layers contains at least one compound according to formula (1) and wherein the three layers show blue, green and orange or red emission (for the basic structure see eg. WO 05/011013).
- white emission emitters which have broadband emission bands and thereby show white emission.
- the compounds of formula (1) are used as hole transport material.
- the compounds are then preferably used in a hole transport layer and / or in a hole injection layer.
- a hole injection layer in the sense of this invention is a layer which directly adjoins the anode borders.
- a hole transport layer in the sense of this invention is a layer that lies between the hole injection layer and the emission layer.
- the compounds according to formula (1) are used as hole transport material, it may be preferred if they are doped with electron acceptor compounds, for example with F 4 -TCNQ or with compounds as described in EP 1476881 or EP 1596445. If the compound according to formula (1) is used as hole transport material in a hole transport layer, then the compound can be used as pure material, ie in a proportion of 100% in the hole transport layer or it can be used in combination with other compounds in the hole transport layer.
- the compound of formula (1) is used in an electronic device containing one or more phosphorescent emitters.
- the compound can be used in a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer or in the emitting layer, particularly preferably in a hole transport layer.
- Suitable phosphorescent emitter compounds are, in particular, compounds which emit light, preferably in the visible range, when suitably excited, and also contain at least one atom of atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80.
- Preferred used as phosphorescent emitters are compounds containing copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, in particular compounds containing iridium or platinum.
- Examples of the emitters described above can be found in the applications WO 00/70655, WO 01/41512, WO 02/02714, WO 02/15645, EP 1191613, EP 1191612, EP 1191614, WO 05/033244, WO 05/019373 and US 2005 / 0258742 are taken.
- all phosphorescent complexes which are used according to the prior art for phosphorescent OLEDs and are known to the person skilled in the art in the field of organic electroluminescence are suitable.
- the person skilled in the art without inventive step can use further phosphorescent complexes as emitter materials in organic electroluminescent devices containing the compounds according to the invention.
- Compound according to formula (1) used as an emitting material in an emitting layer is particularly suitable as emitting material if at least one of the groups Ari to Ar 5 , in particular A ⁇ , is a fused aromatic or heteroaromatic, in particular having at least three fused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings.
- Particularly preferred emissive materials are compounds of formula (1) in which the group An is an anthracene or a chrysene.
- the compound of the formula (1) When used as an emitting material in an emitting layer, it is preferably used in combination with a host material.
- a host material in a system of host and dopant is understood to mean the component which is present in the system in the higher proportion. In the case of a system comprising one host and several dopants, the host is understood to be that component whose proportion is the highest in the mixture.
- the proportion of the compound according to formula (1) in the mixture of the emitting layer is between 0.1 and 50.0% by volume, preferably between 0.5 and 20.0% by volume, particularly preferably between 1.0 and 10.0% by volume. Accordingly, the proportion of the host material between 50.0 and 99.9 vol .-%, preferably between 80.0 and 99.5 vol .-%, more preferably between 90.0 and 99.0 vol .-%.
- Suitable host materials for this materials come in different classes.
- Preferred host materials are selected from the classes of the oligoarylenes (for example 2,2 ', 7,7'-tetraphenylspirobifluorene according to EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene), in particular the oligoarylenes containing condensed aromatic groups, the oligoarylenevinylenes (eg DPVBi or spiro-DPVBi according to EP 676461), the polypodal metal complexes (eg according to WO 04/081017), the hole-conducting compounds (eg according to WO 04/058911), the electron-conducting compounds, in particular Ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides, etc. (for example according to WO 05/084081 and WO 05/084082), the atropisomers (for example according to WO 06/048268), the boronic acid derivatives (for example according to US Pat
- oligoarylene is to be understood as meaning a compound in which at least three aryl or arylene groups are bonded to one another.
- Preferred host materials are in particular selected from compounds of the formula (53),
- Ar 7 , Ar 8 , Ar 9 is, identically or differently, each occurrence an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , and R 1 has the same meaning as described above and p can take a value of 0, 1, 2 or 3. More preferably, in the host materials of formula (53), the group Ar 8 represents anthracene, which may be substituted by one or more of R 1 , and the groups Ar 7 and Ar 9 are bonded in the 9 and 10 positions.
- At least one of the groups Ar 7 and / or Ar 9 is a fused aryl group selected from 1- or 2-naphthyl, 2-, 3- or 9-phenanthrenyl or 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-benzanthracenyl, which may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 .
- an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers are coated with a sublimation process.
- the materials in vacuum sublimation are "evaporated 6 mbar.
- the initial pressure is even lower, for example less than 10" at an initial pressure less than 10 -5 mbar, preferably less than 10 7 mbar.
- an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers are coated with the OVPD (Organic Vapor Phase Deposition) method or with the aid of a carrier gas sublimation.
- the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 "applied 5 mbar and 1 bar.
- OVJP organic vapor jet printing
- the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and patterned (eg. BMS Arnold et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92, 053301).
- an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such. B. by spin coating, or with any printing process, such.
- any printing process such as screen printing, flexographic printing or offset printing, but more preferably LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing) or inkjet printing (ink jet printing), are produced.
- LITI Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing
- inkjet printing ink jet printing
- soluble compounds according to formula (1) are necessary. High solubility can be achieved by suitable substitution of the compounds.
- the compounds according to the invention When used in organic electroluminescent devices, the compounds according to the invention have the following surprising advantages over the prior art:
- the compounds of the invention are particularly suitable for use in electronic devices containing phosphorescent emitters and thereby lead to improvements in
- Another advantage when using the compounds according to the invention as hole transport material in a hole transport and / or hole injection layer is the reduced voltage difference between thin (20 nm) and thick (110 nm) hole transport layers. As a result, thicker hole transport layers can be used with the compounds of the invention without a significant loss of power efficiency. This is important because the optical coupling-out efficiency is significantly influenced by a variation of the
- Layer thickness of the hole transport layer is controlled. Here already improvements in the range of 0.1 V are a clear step forward.
- the compounds according to the invention exhibit a lower tendency to clogging of the vapor deposition source ("clogging") .Thus the compounds according to the invention are much better suited for use in mass production compared to materials according to the prior art.
- the starting materials can be obtained from ALDRICH.
- Example 1 Synthesis of Exemplified Compound 1 a) Bis [N- (2-carboxymethyl) phenyl] -6,6,12,12-tetramethyl-6-12-dihydroindeno [1,2b] fluorene diamine
- 35.51 g (234.9 mmol) of methyl anthranilate are dissolved in 500 ml of toluene and degassed well. It is reacted with 50.0 g (106.8 mmol) of 6,6,12,12-tetramethyl-6-12-dihydroindeno [1,2b] fluorine dibromide, 2.1 g (10.7 mmol) of 4,5-bis (diphenylphosphino) -9, 9-dimethylxanthen, 1.19 g (5.34 mmol) Pd (OAc) 2 and 76.5 g (234.9 mmol) of Cs 2 CO 3 , post-degassed and stirred for 24 h at 100 0 C under a protective gas atmosphere. It is then filtered from the solids over Celite, the organic phase washed with water, dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. The crude product is stirred hot with heptane. 56 g (86%) of the product are obtained as a yellow solid.
- reaction solution is washed with water, precipitated solid and the organic phase are combined, concentrated and azeotropically dried several times with toluene. This gives 49.1 g (77%) of a yellow solid, which is further purified by Soxhlet extraction and crystallization from NMP.
- reaction mixture is then stirred for 6 h at 82 0 C and filtered through Alox (basic activity level 1).
- the product is purified by column chromatography on silica gel with heptane / toluene (1:49) to give 79.2 g (65%) of the product as a pale yellow solid.
- 59.7g (156 mmol) of the compound from a) are introduced into 1800 ml of dry THF and treated at -78 ° C with 284.0 mL of a 2 M solution of MeLi in Et 2 O (624.7 mmol) and then within 3h at -40 0 Let C warm. After complete conversion is slowly and carefully at -30 0 C combined with 300 mL MeOH to quench the excess MeLi. It is allowed to come to room temperature, concentrated to 1/3, mixed with ethyl acetate and the organic phase is washed with water. Subsequently, the organic phase is dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. This gives 59.7 g (quant.) Of the product as a solid.
- the compound from b) is dissolved in 1000 ml of toluene and degassed by introduction of inert gas.
- a mixture of 178 g of polyphosphoric acid and 123 mL of methanesulfonic acid is added in batches and heated to 50 0 C.
- the reaction solution is added carefully with good cooling 20% NaOH solution until a pH of 8 has been established.
- the organic phase is separated, the water phase extracted with toluene and then The combined organic phase is dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated. This gives 49 g (86%) of the product as a solid.
- Example Compound 5 in the first four steps a) to d) corresponds to the synthesis shown in Example 4.
- Bromotoluene is dissolved in 100 ml of dry toluene and degassed. 2.08 ml (208 mmol) of tri-tert-butylphosphine, 267.1 mg (1.19 mmol) of Pd (OAc) 2 and 4.28 g (44.62 mmol) of NaOtBu are added. All solids are previously degassed thoroughly with argon. The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 h under reflux and filtered after complete conversion over Alox (basic). The crude product is crystallized from heptane and ethyl acetate to give 8.8 g (42%) of the product as a white solid.
- Examples 6-11 Production of the OLEDs
- the production of OLEDs according to the invention is carried out by a general process according to WO 04/058911, which is adapted to the conditions described here (layer thickness variation, materials used).
- the materials except for PEDOT are thermally evaporated in a vacuum chamber.
- the emission layer always consists of a matrix material (host) and a dopant (dopant), which is mixed by cover evaporation to the host.
- the compound H1 is used as the matrix material, which is doped in each case with 10% of D1.
- These OLEDs show green emission.
- the cathode is formed by a 1 nm thick LiF layer and a 100 nm thick Al layer deposited thereon. Table 1 shows the chemical structures of the materials used to construct the OLEDs.
- OLEDs are characterized by default; for this, the electroluminescence spectra, the efficiency (measured in cd / A), the power efficiency (measured in Im / W) as a function of the brightness, calculated from current-voltage-brightness characteristics (ILJL characteristics), and the service life are determined.
- the lifetime is defined as the time after which the initial brightness of 25000 cd / m 2 has fallen to half.
- the threshold voltage is defined as the voltage at which the OLED reaches a brightness of 1 cd / m 2 .
- Table 2 summarizes the results of some OLEDs (Examples 6 to 11).
- the hole transport materials of the present invention the exemplified compounds 2 and 3 whose synthesis has been described above are used.
- the prior art compound HTM1 is used.
- the exemplary compounds 2 and 3 are distinguished from the prior art HTM1 by a lower threshold voltage and / or a reduced operating voltage and / or significantly improved efficiency, but in particular by improved power efficiency at a brightness of 1000 cd / m 2 .
- a lower voltage difference is obtained between components with thin (20 nm) and thick (110 nm) HTM layers.
- FIG. 1 An outstanding advantage of the compounds according to the invention is the significantly improved processability compared to the prior art HTML Under the same evaporation conditions, in contrast to the prior art HTM1, the compounds according to the invention show no tendency to block the vapor deposition source ("clogging")
- FIG. 1 Therein are images of the upper edge of the evaporation sources after one hour or two hours of vapor deposition with one As can be clearly seen, the vapor deposition source is already added after 2 h when the comparison material HTM1 is used (FIG. 1 b)), while with example compound 3 no crystallization can be recognized at the edge of the vapor deposition source (FIG. FIG. 1 d)).
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Abstract
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| CN200980154320.XA CN102272966B (zh) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-12-22 | 用于电子器件的化合物 |
| DE112009003900.6T DE112009003900B4 (de) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-12-22 | Verbindungen für elektronische Vorrichtungen, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung, deren Verwendung und elektronische Vorrichtungen |
| JP2011546613A JP5730784B2 (ja) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-12-22 | 電子デバイスのための化合物 |
| US13/143,976 US9034485B2 (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-12-22 | Compounds for electronic devices |
| KR1020117019405A KR101823694B1 (ko) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-12-22 | 전자 소자를 위한 화합물 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112009003900A5 (de) | 2012-05-31 |
| KR20110124243A (ko) | 2011-11-16 |
| CN102272966B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
| TW201038535A (en) | 2010-11-01 |
| JP5730784B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
| JP2012515732A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
| KR101823694B1 (ko) | 2018-01-30 |
| US9034485B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
| US20110266533A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
| TWI510471B (zh) | 2015-12-01 |
| DE112009003900B4 (de) | 2024-05-08 |
| CN102272966A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
| DE102009005290A1 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
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