WO2008119374A1 - Sliding valve for hydraulic systems - Google Patents
Sliding valve for hydraulic systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008119374A1 WO2008119374A1 PCT/EP2007/010545 EP2007010545W WO2008119374A1 WO 2008119374 A1 WO2008119374 A1 WO 2008119374A1 EP 2007010545 W EP2007010545 W EP 2007010545W WO 2008119374 A1 WO2008119374 A1 WO 2008119374A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- valve housing
- slide
- annular groove
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
- F16K3/22—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
- F16K3/24—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/0446—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with an obturating member having at least a component of their opening and closing motion not perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K17/046—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with an obturating member having at least a component of their opening and closing motion not perpendicular to the closing faces the valve being of the gate valve type or the sliding valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/10—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with auxiliary valve for fluid operation of the main valve
- F16K17/105—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with auxiliary valve for fluid operation of the main valve using choking or throttling means to control the fluid operation of the main valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K25/00—Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
- F16K25/04—Arrangements for preventing erosion, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/14—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power
- G05D16/16—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid
- G05D16/166—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid using pistons within the main valve
Definitions
- the invention relates to slide valves for hydraulic systems, such as proportional pressure relief valves or pressure compensators, with a preferably designed in the form of Einschraubpatrone valve housing in which a valve spool is axially movable and which has an inflow through which fluid can be flowed into the valve housing, and with at least one outflow opening formed in the wall of the valve housing, which can be closed by the latter as a function of the axial position of the valve slide or can be released from the valve housing for the outflow of fluid.
- a valve spool is axially movable and which has an inflow through which fluid can be flowed into the valve housing, and with at least one outflow opening formed in the wall of the valve housing, which can be closed by the latter as a function of the axial position of the valve slide or can be released from the valve housing for the outflow of fluid.
- Valves of this type have several advantageous properties, for example, good and stable switching behavior even at high pressure level and compact design, which allows the formation of the valve housing as Einschraubpatrone to integrate one or more valves to save space by screwing into a terminal block in an overall hydraulic system.
- Such valves are therefore widely used in hydraulic systems of various types, for example in hydraulic drive systems such as travel drives, linear drives and the like.
- cavitation erosion When bursting on walls forms due to the negative pressure in the bubbles, a liquid jet (micro-jet), which exceeds the strength limits of metals, such as aluminum or steel on impact. There is a cavitation erosion by removing material.
- the consequences of cavitation erosion are not only oil pollution, but also faults, followed by system failures, as well as oil leakage from the connection or control block.
- the invention has the object to provide a slide valve available whose construction leads to a reduction of cavitation phenomena.
- a special feature of the invention is that at the level of the respective outflow openings in the inner wall of the valve housing, an annular groove is incorporated. Opens the valve, then hydraulic oil flows into the annular groove and at the outflow openings out of the valve housing. The confluence of the two side flows out of the annular groove and the flow over the control edge of the valve slide at the outflow openings creates a local maximum pressure, due to any resulting pressure Cavitation bubbles burst before they enter the system, where they would produce imploding micro-jets that could cause erosion.
- the arrangement may also be such that the valve housing is open at the end adjacent to the control edge of the valve slide and forms with the open end the inflow opening through which fluid can flow in the axial direction.
- the valve housing forms a Einschraubpatrone, with its open end when screwing into a terminal block directly the connection of the inlet port is made with the inflow channel.
- annular groove in the form of a profiled groove with a flat groove base, which forms an annular surface with a radius that remains constant over its axial extent, has proven to be particularly effective for reducing cavitation.
- the adjoining the groove bottom side surfaces of the annular groove oblique annular surfaces, which increase the overall width of the annular groove relative to the width of the groove bottom.
- Such a design leads to a particularly effective side flow along the annular groove, so that local pressure maxima on the control edge of the outflow openings favor the bursting of possibly formed cavitation bubbles.
- the oblique surfaces can hereby include different angles with the longitudinal axis of the valve housing.
- the groove bottom of the annular groove is slightly beyond its edge with respect to its axial position, which is released when opening the valve from the control edge of the valve spool first, the axial position in a particularly advantageous manner so it can be chosen that the axial end edges of the annular groove are located on both sides of this edge of the outflow openings.
- Fig. 1 is a broken, drawn in an exaggeratedly large scale and highly schematically simplified longitudinal section of the end Ab-section of a valve according to the invention designed as Einschraubpatrone valve housing, to facilitate the understanding of the invention, not essential to the invention components are omitted;
- Fig. 2 shows a comparison with FIG. 1 on a smaller scale shown longitudinal section of an embodiment of the slide valve according to the invention and
- Fig. 3 is a comparison with FIG. 2 in about 3 Vi-times larger scale drawn partial representation of the designated in Fig. 2 with IM area.
- the end of a pole tube can be screwed into the end 5 of the valve housing 1, wherein an actuating rod controlled by a magnet armature movable in the pole tube acts on a force storage spring 9 via a pressure piece 7, which in turn acts on a body 11 forming a pilot stage acts, which in turn is coupled via a further energy storage more-forming spring 13 with the main spool valve-forming valve slide 15.
- the pilot body 11 forms in the manner known per se, a fluid space 17, from which a fluid channel, not shown, leads to the outside of the valve housing 1, and the body 11 and the valve slide 15 form an inner, axial fluid passage with Drosselstel- len 19.
- Drosselstel- len 19 The at This design resulting control function for generating the axial movements of the valve spool 15 is well known, see. DE 10 2005 006 321 AI, therefore, will not be discussed in detail.
- Fig. 2 shows the state in which the valve spool 15 is in a, relative to the viewing direction of Fig. 2, in a raised axial position, in which the valve is open.
- the control edge 21 of the valve spool 15 is in an axial position, in which a fluid connection between the inlet opening 3 and outlet openings 23 is formed, which are formed by transverse bores, which are arranged distributed regularly around the circumference of the valve housing 1.
- Fig. 1 shows in the form of a highly schematically simplified schematic representation of the state in which, unlike in Fig. 2, the valve is not widely opened, but the valve spool 15 is moved to axial position, in which its control edge 21 only slightly above the lower Edge 25 of the outflow openings 23 is lifted upwards, so that only one narrow opening gap is formed.
- the valve spool 15 is moved to axial position, in which its control edge 21 only slightly above the lower Edge 25 of the outflow openings 23 is lifted upwards, so that only one narrow opening gap is formed.
- the vapor pressure of the hydraulic fluid is locally undercut and possibly form cavitation bubbles.
- annular groove 27 is incorporated in the inner wall of the valve housing 1, in an axial position, which in the region of the lower Edge 25 of the outflow openings 23 is aligned. If, in the course of opening the valve, a gap is formed between the control edge 21 and the edge 25 of the outflow openings, the fluid flows both into the annular groove 27, and in the direction of the flow arrows 29, as well as at the outflow openings 23 from the valve housing 1 As a result of the coincidence of the lateral flows from the annular groove 27 and the flow via the control edge 21 at the edge 25 of the outflow openings 23, a local maximum pressure is created which causes any cavitation bubbles which have formed to burst. Thus, a migration of cavitation bubbles and consequent cavitation erosion are largely avoided.
- the annular groove 27 is designed as a profile groove, with a flat groove bottom 31, which forms an annular surface over its axial extent constant radius.
- the side walls of the annular groove 27 are inclined surfaces 33 and 35, which diverge from the groove base 31, so that the total axial width of the annular groove 27 is greater than the width of the groove bottom 31.
- the angular amounts in FIG. 3 are indicated at 30 ° and 45 °, respectively.
- the axial position of the annular groove 27 is oriented so that the opening edge 25 of the outflow openings is located approximately at the level of the transition between groove bottom 31 and outer inclined surface 35, d. H. that the two axial end edges of the annular groove 27 are located above, namely on the inclined surface 33, or below, namely on the inclined surface 35, of the edge 25 of the outflow openings 23.
- a special feature of the slide valve according to the invention is also to be seen in the fact that the closing behavior of the valve is improved by the annular groove 27, because the so-called. Closing hysteresis is lower.
- the addressed piston is viewed in the longitudinal direction of the valve viewed. If the valve slide 15 drove in imbalance on the groove 27, so where the resulting groove gap is then narrow, a higher pressure gradient would arise and the resulting forces then act centering on the piston. The pertinent effect also occurs when the piston is not completely over the annular groove 27.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH, Industriegebiet, 66280 Sulzbach/Saar Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH, industrial area, 66280 Sulzbach / Saar
Schieberventil für HydrauliksystemeSlide valve for hydraulic systems
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schieberventile für Hydrauliksysteme, wie Proportional-Druckbegrenzungsventile oder Druckwaagen, mit einem vorzugsweise in Form einer Einschraubpatrone ausgebildeten Ventilgehäuse, in dem ein Ventilschieber axial bewegbar ist und das eine Zuströmöffnung aufweist, über die Fluid in das Ventilgehäuse einströmbar ist, und mit zumindest einer in der Wand des Ventilgehäuses ausgebildeten Abströmöffnung, die in Abhängigkeit von der Axialstellung des Ventilschiebers durch diesen verschließbar oder für das Abströmen von Fluid aus dem Ventilgehäuse freigebbar ist.The invention relates to slide valves for hydraulic systems, such as proportional pressure relief valves or pressure compensators, with a preferably designed in the form of Einschraubpatrone valve housing in which a valve spool is axially movable and which has an inflow through which fluid can be flowed into the valve housing, and with at least one outflow opening formed in the wall of the valve housing, which can be closed by the latter as a function of the axial position of the valve slide or can be released from the valve housing for the outflow of fluid.
Ventile dieser Art weisen mehrere vorteilhafte Eigenschaften auf, beispielsweise gutes und stabiles Schaltverhalten auch bei hohem Druckniveau und kompakte Bauweise, die es bei Ausbildung des Ventilgehäuses als Einschraubpatrone ermöglicht, eines oder mehrere Ventile raumsparend durch Einschrauben in einen Anschlußblock in eine gesamthydraulische Anlage zu integrieren. Solche Ventile kommen daher weit verbreitet bei Hydrauliksystemen verschiedener Art zum Einsatz, beispielsweise bei hydraulischen Antriebssystemen wie Fahrantriebe, Linearantriebe und dergleichen.Valves of this type have several advantageous properties, for example, good and stable switching behavior even at high pressure level and compact design, which allows the formation of the valve housing as Einschraubpatrone to integrate one or more valves to save space by screwing into a terminal block in an overall hydraulic system. Such valves are therefore widely used in hydraulic systems of various types, for example in hydraulic drive systems such as travel drives, linear drives and the like.
Beim Betrieb können sich, insbesondere bei hohen Druckdifferenzen, im Bereich zwischen Steuerkante des Ventilschiebers und dem Rand betreffender Abströmöffnungen derart hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten ergeben, dass der Dampfdruck des betreffenden Hydrauliköles lokal unterschritten wird. Dadurch werden im Hydrauliköl gelöste Flüssigkeiten und Gase ausgedampft und sammeln sich in Kavitationsbläschen. Diese Kavitationsbläschen sind trotz enormen Unterdruckes, der in ihnen herrscht, stabil, so dass sie, auch wenn der Dampfdruck wieder erreicht ist, nicht zerplatzen, sondern mit der Strömung wandern, bis sie im Hydrauliksystem durch äußere Einflüsse zum Implodieren gebracht werden. Dies kann in Gebieten geschehen, in denen ein höherer Druck herrscht oder wo die Kavitationsbläschen auf wände treffen. Beim Zerplatzen an Wänden bildet sich aufgrund des Unterdruckes in den Bläschen ein Flüssigkeitsstrahl (Mikro-Jet), der beim Auftreffen die Festigkeitsgrenzen von Metallen, wie Aluminium oder Stahl, überschreitet. Es erfolgt eine Kavitationserosion durch Abtragen von Material. Als Folgen der Kavitationserosion ergeben sich nicht nur eine Öl- verschmutzung, sondern Störungen, gefolgt von Systemausfällen bis hin zum Ölaustritt aus dem Anschluß- oder Steuerblock.During operation, in particular at high pressure differences, such high flow velocities may result in the area between the control edge of the valve slide and the edge of the outlet openings in question. that the vapor pressure of the relevant hydraulic oil is locally undershot. As a result, dissolved liquids and gases are evaporated in the hydraulic oil and accumulate in cavitation bubbles. These cavitation bubbles are stable despite the enormous negative pressure that prevails in them, so that even if the vapor pressure is reached again, they do not burst but migrate with the flow until they are imploded by external influences in the hydraulic system. This can happen in areas where there is a higher pressure or where the cavitation bubbles hit walls. When bursting on walls forms due to the negative pressure in the bubbles, a liquid jet (micro-jet), which exceeds the strength limits of metals, such as aluminum or steel on impact. There is a cavitation erosion by removing material. The consequences of cavitation erosion are not only oil pollution, but also faults, followed by system failures, as well as oil leakage from the connection or control block.
Im Hinblick auf diese Problematik stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, ein Schieberventil zur Verfügung zu stellen, dessen Bauweise zu einer Verringerung von Kavitationserscheinungen führt.In view of this problem, the invention has the object to provide a slide valve available whose construction leads to a reduction of cavitation phenomena.
Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe durch ein Schieberventil gelöst, das die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 in seiner Gesamtheit aufweist.According to the invention this object is achieved by a slide valve having the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
Gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 besteht eine Besonderheit der Erfindung darin, dass auf Höhe der betreffenden Abströmöffnungen in die Innenwand des Ventilgehäuses eine Ringnut eingearbeitet ist. Öffnet das Ventil, dann strömt Hydrauliköl in die Ringnut ein sowie an den Abströmöffnungen aus dem Ventilgehäuse heraus. Durch das Zusammenfließen der beiden Seitenströmungen aus der Ringnut und der Strö- mung über die Steuerkante des Ventilschiebers an den Abströmöffnungen entsteht ein lokales Druckmaximum, durch das gegebenenfalls entstandene Kavitationsbläschen zerbersten, bevor sie in das System einwandern wo sie beim Implodieren Mikro-Jets erzeugen würden, die eine Erosion bewirken könnten.According to the characterizing part of claim 1, a special feature of the invention is that at the level of the respective outflow openings in the inner wall of the valve housing, an annular groove is incorporated. Opens the valve, then hydraulic oil flows into the annular groove and at the outflow openings out of the valve housing. The confluence of the two side flows out of the annular groove and the flow over the control edge of the valve slide at the outflow openings creates a local maximum pressure, due to any resulting pressure Cavitation bubbles burst before they enter the system, where they would produce imploding micro-jets that could cause erosion.
Bei Ausführungsbeispielen, die für größere Volumenströme vorgesehen sind, können um den Umfang des Ventilgehäuses in regelmäßigen Abständen verteilt mehrere, auf gleicher Höhe gelegene, durch Querbohrungen in der Wand des Ventilgehäuses gebildete Abströmöffnungen vorhanden sein.In embodiments, which are provided for larger volume flows, distributed around the circumference of the valve housing at regular intervals may be present, located at the same height, formed by transverse bores in the wall of the valve housing outflow openings.
Auch kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, dass das Ventilgehäuse an dem der Steuerkante des Ventilschiebers benachbarten Ende offen ist und mit dem offenen Ende die Zuströmöffnung bildet, über die Fluid in Axialrichtung einströmbar ist. Eine solche Gestaltung ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Ventilgehäuse eine Einschraubpatrone bildet, mit deren offenem Ende beim Einschrauben in einen Anschlußblock unmittelbar die Anschlußverbindung der Zuströmöffnung mit dem Zuströmkanal hergestellt wird.The arrangement may also be such that the valve housing is open at the end adjacent to the control edge of the valve slide and forms with the open end the inflow opening through which fluid can flow in the axial direction. Such a design is particularly advantageous when the valve housing forms a Einschraubpatrone, with its open end when screwing into a terminal block directly the connection of the inlet port is made with the inflow channel.
Als besonders wirksam für die Kavitationsreduzierung hat sich die Ausbildung der Ringnut in Form einer Profilnut mit einem ebenen Nutgrund er- wiesen, der eine Ringfläche mit über ihre axiale Erstreckung gleich bleibendem Radius bildet.The formation of the annular groove in the form of a profiled groove with a flat groove base, which forms an annular surface with a radius that remains constant over its axial extent, has proven to be particularly effective for reducing cavitation.
Bei derartigen Ausführungsbeispielen lassen sich besonders gute Ergebnisse erzielen, wenn die sich an den Nutgrund anschließenden Seitenflächen der Ringnut schräge Ringflächen sind, die die Gesamtbreite der Ringnut gegenüber der Breite des Nutgrundes vergrößern. Eine solche Gestaltung führt zu einer besonders effektiven Seitenströmung entlang der Ringnut, so dass an der Steuerkante der Abströmöffnungen lokale Druckmaxima das Zerbersten möglicherweise gebildeter Kavitationsbläschen begünstigen. Zur Strö- mungsoptimierung können hierbei die schrägen Flächen unterschiedliche Winkel mit der Längsachse des Ventilgehäuses einschließen. Bei Ausführungsbeispielen, die sich durch eine besonders hohe Effizienz auszeichnen, befindet sich der Nutgrund der Ringnut bezüglich seiner Axialposition geringfügig jenseits desjenigen Randes der Abströmöffnungen, welcher beim Öffnen des Ventils von der Steuerkante des Ventilschiebers zuerst freigegeben wird, wobei die Axialposition in besonders vorteilhafter Weise so gewählt sein kann, dass die axialen Endränder der Ringnut beidseits dieses Randes der Abströmöffnungen gelegen sind.In such embodiments, particularly good results can be achieved if the adjoining the groove bottom side surfaces of the annular groove oblique annular surfaces, which increase the overall width of the annular groove relative to the width of the groove bottom. Such a design leads to a particularly effective side flow along the annular groove, so that local pressure maxima on the control edge of the outflow openings favor the bursting of possibly formed cavitation bubbles. To optimize the flow, the oblique surfaces can hereby include different angles with the longitudinal axis of the valve housing. In embodiments that are characterized by a particularly high efficiency, the groove bottom of the annular groove is slightly beyond its edge with respect to its axial position, which is released when opening the valve from the control edge of the valve spool first, the axial position in a particularly advantageous manner so it can be chosen that the axial end edges of the annular groove are located on both sides of this edge of the outflow openings.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen abgebrochen, in übertrieben großem Maßstab und stark schematisch vereinfacht gezeichneten Längsschnitt des endseitigen Ab- Schnittes eines erfindungsgemäßen Ventils mit als Einschraubpatrone gestaltetem Ventilgehäuse, wobei, um das Verständnis der Erfindung zu erleichtern, nicht erfindungswesentliche Bauteile weggelassen sind; Fig. 2 einen gegenüber Fig. 1 in kleinerem Maßstab dargestellten Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispieles des erfindungsgemäßen Schieberventiles undFig. 1 is a broken, drawn in an exaggeratedly large scale and highly schematically simplified longitudinal section of the end Ab-section of a valve according to the invention designed as Einschraubpatrone valve housing, to facilitate the understanding of the invention, not essential to the invention components are omitted; Fig. 2 shows a comparison with FIG. 1 on a smaller scale shown longitudinal section of an embodiment of the slide valve according to the invention and
Fig. 3 einen gegenüber Fig. 2 in etwa 3 Vi-fach größerem Maßstab gezeichnete Teildarstellung des in Fig. 2 mit IM bezeichneten Bereiches.Fig. 3 is a comparison with FIG. 2 in about 3 Vi-times larger scale drawn partial representation of the designated in Fig. 2 with IM area.
Anhand der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung am Beispiel eines Proportional- Ventiles erläutert, das in Fig. 2 in Längsschnitt dargestellt ist, und, wie dort gezeigt, ein als Einschraubpatrone gestaltetes Ventilgehäuse 1 aufweist. Dieses ist am in der Zeichnung unteren, d. h. beim Einschrauben in einen zugeordneten Anschlußblock einer gesamthydraulischen Anlage innenliegenden Ende offen und bildet hier eine Fluidzuströmöffnung 3. Bei der Dar- Stellung von Fig. 2 ist eine elektromagnetische Ventil-Steuereinrichtung weggelassen, die an dem der Zuströmöffnung 3 entgegengesetzten Ende 5 des Ventilgehäuses 1 angebracht ist. Die nähere Beschreibung erübrigt sich, weil die Steuereinrichtung von der in der einschlägigen Technik an sich bekannten Bauart sein kann, beispielsweise so aufgebaut sein kann, wie dies in DE 10 2005 006 321 A1 aufgezeigt ist. Entsprechend dieser Bauwei- se kann das Ende eines Polrohres in das Ende 5 des Ventilgehäuses 1 eingeschraubt sein, wobei eine durch einen im Polrohr bewegbaren Magnetanker gesteuerte Betätigungsstange über ein Druckstück 7 auf eine Kraftspeicherfeder 9 einwirkt, die wiederum auf einen eine Vorsteuerstufe bildenden Körper 1 1 einwirkt, der wiederum über eine einen weiteren Energiespei- eher bildende Feder 13 mit dem den Haupt-Steuerkolben bildenden Ventilschieber 15 gekoppelt ist. Der Vorsteuerkörper 11 bildet in der an sich bekannten Weise einen Fluidraum 17, aus dem ein nicht gezeigter Fluidkanal zur Außenseite des Ventilgehäuses 1 führt, und der Körper 11 und der Ventilschieber 15 bilden einen inneren, axialen Fluiddurchgang mit Drosselstel- len 19. Die sich bei dieser Bauweise ergebende Steuerfunktion zur Erzeugung der Axial bewegungen des Ventilschiebers 15 ist allgemein bekannt, vgl. DE 10 2005 006 321 AI, daher wird hierauf nicht näher eingegangen.Reference to the drawing, the invention is explained using the example of a proportional valve, which is shown in Fig. 2 in longitudinal section, and, as shown there, designed as Einschraubpatrone valve housing 1 has. This is at the bottom in the drawing, ie when screwed into an associated terminal block of an overall hydraulic system inside end open and forms a Fluidzuströmöffnung 3. In the Dar- position of Fig. 2, an electromagnetic valve control device is omitted, which at the inflow 3 opposite end 5 the valve housing 1 is mounted. The detailed description is unnecessary, because the control device may be of the type known per se in the relevant technology, for example, may be constructed as shown in DE 10 2005 006 321 A1. According to this construction, the end of a pole tube can be screwed into the end 5 of the valve housing 1, wherein an actuating rod controlled by a magnet armature movable in the pole tube acts on a force storage spring 9 via a pressure piece 7, which in turn acts on a body 11 forming a pilot stage acts, which in turn is coupled via a further energy storage more-forming spring 13 with the main spool valve-forming valve slide 15. The pilot body 11 forms in the manner known per se, a fluid space 17, from which a fluid channel, not shown, leads to the outside of the valve housing 1, and the body 11 and the valve slide 15 form an inner, axial fluid passage with Drosselstel- len 19. The at This design resulting control function for generating the axial movements of the valve spool 15 is well known, see. DE 10 2005 006 321 AI, therefore, will not be discussed in detail.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt den Zustand, bei dem sich der Ventilschieber 15 in einer, bezogen auf die Blickrichtung der Fig. 2, in einer angehobenen Axialposition befindet, bei der das Ventil geöffnet ist. Wie dargestellt, befindet sich die Steuerkante 21 des Ventilschiebers 15 in einer Axialposition, bei der eine Fluidverbindung zwischen Zuströmöffnung 3 und Abströmöffnungen 23 gebildet ist, die durch Querbohrungen gebildet sind, die um den Umfang des Ventilgehäuses 1 regelmäßig verteilt angeordnet sind.Fig. 2 shows the state in which the valve spool 15 is in a, relative to the viewing direction of Fig. 2, in a raised axial position, in which the valve is open. As shown, the control edge 21 of the valve spool 15 is in an axial position, in which a fluid connection between the inlet opening 3 and outlet openings 23 is formed, which are formed by transverse bores, which are arranged distributed regularly around the circumference of the valve housing 1.
Fig. 1 zeigt in Form einer stark schematisch vereinfachten Prinzipdarstellung den Zustand, bei dem, anders als bei Fig. 2, das Ventil nicht weit geöffnet ist, sondern der Ventilschieber 15 in Axialposition bewegt ist, bei der seine Steuerkante 21 lediglich geringfügig über den unteren Rand 25 der Abströmöffnungen 23 nach oben angehoben ist, so dass jeweils nur ein schmaler Öffnungsspalt gebildet ist. Insbesondere bei einem Betrieb mit hohen Druckdifferenzen ergeben sich im Spaltbereich zwischen Steuerkante 21 und dem Rand 25 der Abströmöffnungen 23 so hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten, dass der Dampfdruck des Hydraulikfluides lokal unter- schritten wird und sich gegebenenfalls Kavitationsbläschen bilden. Als eine wirksame Maßnahme, um eine Abwanderung von Kavitationsbläschen zu verhindern, ist, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 1 und 3 zu ersehen ist, eine Ringnut 27 in die Innenwand des Ventilgehäuses 1 eingearbeitet, und zwar in einer Axialposition, die auf den Bereich des unteren Randes 25 der Ab- Strömöffnungen 23 ausgerichtet ist. Wird nun im Zuge des Öffnens des Ventils ein Spalt zwischen Steuerkante 21 und dem Rand 25 der Abströmöffnungen gebildet, so strömt das Fluid sowohl in die Ringnut 27, und in dieser in Richtung der Strömungspfeile 29, als auch an den Abströmöffnungen 23 aus dem Ventilgehäuse 1. Durch das Zusammentreffen der Seiten- Strömungen aus der Ringnut 27 und der Strömung über die Steuerkante 21 am Rand 25 der Abströmöffnungen 23 entsteht ein lokales Druckmaximum, das gegebenenfalls entstandene Kavitationsbläschen zum Bersten bringt. Somit werden eine Abwanderung von Kavitationsbläschen und eine dadurch bedingte Kavitationserosion weitestgehend vermieden.Fig. 1 shows in the form of a highly schematically simplified schematic representation of the state in which, unlike in Fig. 2, the valve is not widely opened, but the valve spool 15 is moved to axial position, in which its control edge 21 only slightly above the lower Edge 25 of the outflow openings 23 is lifted upwards, so that only one narrow opening gap is formed. In particular, in an operation with high pressure differences arise in the gap region between the control edge 21 and the edge 25 of the discharge openings 23 so high flow rates that the vapor pressure of the hydraulic fluid is locally undercut and possibly form cavitation bubbles. As an effective measure to prevent the migration of Kavitationsbläschen is, as can be seen in particular from Figs. 1 and 3, an annular groove 27 is incorporated in the inner wall of the valve housing 1, in an axial position, which in the region of the lower Edge 25 of the outflow openings 23 is aligned. If, in the course of opening the valve, a gap is formed between the control edge 21 and the edge 25 of the outflow openings, the fluid flows both into the annular groove 27, and in the direction of the flow arrows 29, as well as at the outflow openings 23 from the valve housing 1 As a result of the coincidence of the lateral flows from the annular groove 27 and the flow via the control edge 21 at the edge 25 of the outflow openings 23, a local maximum pressure is created which causes any cavitation bubbles which have formed to burst. Thus, a migration of cavitation bubbles and consequent cavitation erosion are largely avoided.
Wie der vergrößerten Teildarstellung von Fig. 3 entnehmbar ist, ist die Ringnut 27 als Profilnut gestaltet, mit einem ebenen Nutgrund 31 , der eine Ringfläche mit über ihre axiale Erstreckung gleichbleibendem Radius bildet. Die Seitenwände der Ringnut 27 sind Schrägflächen 33 und 35, die vom Nutgrund 31 ausgehend divergieren, so dass die axiale Gesamtbreite der Ringnut 27 größer ist als die Breite des Nutgrundes 31. Wie sich gezeigt hat, ergibt sich eine besonders gute Effizienz, wenn die Schrägflächen 33 und 35 unterschiedliche Winkel mit der Längsachse einschließen, genauer gesagt, wenn die der Zuströmöffnung 3 nächstgelegene Schrägfläche 35 mit der Längsachse einen spitzeren Winkel einschließt als die weiter innenliegende Schrägfläche 33. Bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel sind die Winkelbeträge in Fig. 3 mit 30° bzw. 45° angegeben.As the enlarged partial view of Fig. 3 can be removed, the annular groove 27 is designed as a profile groove, with a flat groove bottom 31, which forms an annular surface over its axial extent constant radius. The side walls of the annular groove 27 are inclined surfaces 33 and 35, which diverge from the groove base 31, so that the total axial width of the annular groove 27 is greater than the width of the groove bottom 31. As has been shown, results in a particularly good efficiency when the inclined surfaces 33 and 35 include different angles with the longitudinal axis, more specifically, when the oblique surface 35 closest to the inflow opening 3 encloses a more acute angle with the longitudinal axis than the further inner inclined surface 33. In the case of the embodiment shown in the drawing. For example, the angular amounts in FIG. 3 are indicated at 30 ° and 45 °, respectively.
Wie ebenfalls Fig. 3 deutlich zeigt, ist die Axialposition der Ringnut 27 so ausgerichtet, dass der Öffnungsrand 25 der Abströmöffnungen etwa auf Höhe des Überganges zwischen Nutgrund 31 und äußerer Schrägfläche 35 gelegen ist, d. h. dass die beiden axialen Endränder der Ringnut 27 oberhalb, nämlich an der Schrägfläche 33, bzw. unterhalb, nämlich an der Schrägfläche 35, des Randes 25 der Abströmöffnungen 23 gelegen sind.As also clearly shown in Fig. 3, the axial position of the annular groove 27 is oriented so that the opening edge 25 of the outflow openings is located approximately at the level of the transition between groove bottom 31 and outer inclined surface 35, d. H. that the two axial end edges of the annular groove 27 are located above, namely on the inclined surface 33, or below, namely on the inclined surface 35, of the edge 25 of the outflow openings 23.
Eine Besonderheit des erfindungsgemäßen Schieberventils ist auch darin zu sehen, dass durch die Ringnut 27 sich das Schließverhalten des Ventils verbessert, weil die sog. Schließhysterese geringer wird. Beim Schließen des Ventils, also beim Überfahren des Kolbens in Form des Ventil Schiebers 15 über die Nut 27, wird der angesprochene Kolben in Längsrichtung des Ventils betrachtet zentriert. Würde der Ventilschieber 15 in Schieflage über die Nut 27 fahren, so würde dort, wo der entstehende Nutspalt dann enger wird, ein höheres Druckgefälle entstehen und die hieraus resultierenden Kräfte wirken dann zentrierend auf den Kolben ein. Der dahingehende Ef- fekt stellt sich auch ein, wenn der Kolben nicht vollständig die Ringnut 27 überfahren sollte.A special feature of the slide valve according to the invention is also to be seen in the fact that the closing behavior of the valve is improved by the annular groove 27, because the so-called. Closing hysteresis is lower. When closing the valve, so when driving over the piston in the form of the valve slide 15 via the groove 27, the addressed piston is viewed in the longitudinal direction of the valve viewed. If the valve slide 15 drove in imbalance on the groove 27, so where the resulting groove gap is then narrow, a higher pressure gradient would arise and the resulting forces then act centering on the piston. The pertinent effect also occurs when the piston is not completely over the annular groove 27.
Sind mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Ventil hohe Fluiddurchflußmengen zu beherrschen, kann es Sinn machen, in Blickrichtung auf die Figuren gese- hen die Ringnut 27 höher anzubringen. If it is necessary to control high fluid flow rates with the valve according to the invention, it can make sense to place the annular groove 27 higher in the direction of looking at the figures.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200710015077 DE102007015077A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2007-03-29 | Slide valve for hydraulic systems |
| DE102007015077.8 | 2007-03-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008119374A1 true WO2008119374A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
Family
ID=39190505
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/010545 Ceased WO2008119374A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2007-12-05 | Sliding valve for hydraulic systems |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007015077A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008119374A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011110257B3 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2012-07-26 | Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh | Valve, in particular pressure control valve or pressure relief valve |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990012232A1 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-18 | Mannesmann Rexroth Gmbh | Valve for pressure medium |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10203632A1 (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-07-31 | Bosch Rexroth Ag | Servo-controlled pressure valve is fitted with control valve which opens and closes outlet connected to main valve and which has throttle bore in front of its end face communicating with longitudinal bore in it |
| DE102005006321A1 (en) | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-17 | Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh | Valve, in particular proportional pressure relief valve |
-
2007
- 2007-03-29 DE DE200710015077 patent/DE102007015077A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-05 WO PCT/EP2007/010545 patent/WO2008119374A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990012232A1 (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-10-18 | Mannesmann Rexroth Gmbh | Valve for pressure medium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007015077A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
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