WO2005087941A1 - L−フクロースの製造方法およびl−フコースの製造方法 - Google Patents
L−フクロースの製造方法およびl−フコースの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005087941A1 WO2005087941A1 PCT/JP2005/004701 JP2005004701W WO2005087941A1 WO 2005087941 A1 WO2005087941 A1 WO 2005087941A1 JP 2005004701 W JP2005004701 W JP 2005004701W WO 2005087941 A1 WO2005087941 A1 WO 2005087941A1
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- fucitol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0006—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on CH-OH groups as donors (1.1)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0012—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7)
- C12N9/0036—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7) acting on NADH or NADPH (1.6)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing L-fucose and a method for producing L-fucose, and more particularly, to a simple and efficient method for producing L-fucose and a method for producing L-fucose.
- L-fucose (L6-dexoxygalatatose) widely exists in the living world as a non-reducing terminal sugar of various sugars.
- fucoidan fucoidan
- the role of L-fucose in vivo is thought to be involved in the uptake of serum glycoproteins into the liver, the receptor for macrophage migration element factors, and the like.
- Research is also being conducted on L-fucose in relation to diseases, and research is being conducted on the use of L-fucose as, for example, a pharmaceutical intermediate.
- cancer diagnosis based on changes in the ratio of L-fucose in glycoproteins and glycolipids and the amount of free L-fucose in urine of cancer patients, development of cancer metastasis inhibitors or antiviral agents, control of leukocytes, It is expected to be used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
- Patent Document 3 a method of hydrolyzing a polysaccharide produced by a microorganism and isolating a decomposed product L fucose has been attempted.
- this method is also technically difficult to isolate and purify, and the yield is extremely low.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a chemical synthesis method using D-galactose as a raw material is known.
- this method has many steps The yield is low !, so it is not practical as industrial production! / ,.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 As oxidation of L-fucitol using a microorganism, an experimental report using an acetic acid bacterium has been reported (for example, Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3). However, these reports did not identify the enzyme. Further, the product obtained by oxidizing L-fucitol differs depending on the site where L-fucitol is oxidized. In this experimental report, the main component of the obtained oxide is the 4-position oxide of L-fucitol, which is not L-fucose or L-fucrose (L-foco-4- ketose). In addition, various studies have been made on acetic acid bacteria with respect to enzymes using sugar as a substrate (for example, Patent Document 6, Non-Patent Document 3, Non-Patent Document 4, etc.).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-61-57520
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-11 35591
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-59-51798
- Patent Document 4 International Publication No. 97Z15683 pamphlet
- Patent Document 5 International Publication No. 02Z06506 pamphlet
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-8-242850
- Non-Patent Document 1 Carbohydrate research 270; 93-96 (1995)
- Non-Patent Document 2 Journal of American Chemical Society; 4934-4937 (1950)
- Non-Patent Document 3 Canadian Journal of Chemistry 45: 741-744 (1967)
- Non-Patent Document 4 Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem. 65: 2755-2762 (2001)
- Non-Patent Document 5 Planta 202: 487-493 (1997)
- the present inventors proceeded with research as in the examples described in detail below. As a result, they found the presence of a protein having a fusitol dehydrogenase activity derived from a microorganism, and found that L-fucitole-Luca other than L-fucrose Under the condition that a protein having ketohexose-forming activity is not present or its activity is suppressed, various methods for producing L-fucitol L-fuculose have been found, and L-fuculose, an intermediate in L-fucose production, has been discovered. An industrially suitable production method was completed, and an industrially advantageous method for producing L-fucose was completed. That is, the present invention provides the following method for producing L-fucrose and L-fucose.
- L-Fucitol power A method for producing L-fucose, wherein L-fucose is produced from L-fucitol in the presence of a microorganism-derived protein having a dehydrogenase activity that produces L-fucrose.
- a method for producing L-fuculose which comprises producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of:
- At least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Darconobacter i-xylinus subspecies xylinas and Darconobacta oxydans, a culture of the microorganism, and A method for producing L-fuculose, wherein L-fuculose is produced from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of the treatment of microorganisms.
- a non-genetically modified microorganism which has a protein having a dehydrogenase activity that also produces L-fucitol, and has substantially no ability to produce xose from L-fucitol to keto other than L-fucrose;
- a method for producing L-fuculose comprising producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of a culture of the non-genetically modified microorganism and a cell treatment product of the non-genetically modified microorganism.
- L-fucitol power A second protein having a first protein derived from a microorganism having a dehydrogenase activity for producing L-fuculose and having an L-fucitol power for producing ketohexose other than L-fucrose.
- L-fucitol generates L-fucose. -How to make fukurosu.
- L-fucitol power Characteristically capable of expressing a first protein derived from a microorganism having dehydrogenase activity that does not substantially produce a ketohexose other than L-fucrose and has a dehydrogenase activity that generates L-fucitol power.
- L-fucitol is also produced under the reaction conditions under which the formation of ketohexose other than L-fuculose is suppressed, L-fucitol is produced from L-fucitol, according to any one of the above (1) to (4). Production method of L-fucrose.
- a microorganism having the ability to produce L-fucrose from L-fucitol and make the amount of L-fuculose to be 50 wt% or more of L-fucitol acidulant, a culture of the microorganism, and a property of treating the microorganism with the microorganism An L-fuculose producing step of producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of:
- a non-genetically modified microorganism having a protein having a dehydrogenase activity for producing L-fucitol and having substantially no ability to produce xose from L-fucitol to keto other than L-fucrose;
- L-fucitol power A gene encoding a protein having a protein having dehydrogenase activity for generating L-fucrose and having an activity for generating hexose from L-fucitol to keto other than L-fucrose has been disrupted.
- L for producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol L for producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of a microorganism, a culture of the microorganism and a cell treatment of the microorganism.
- a fucrose generation step A gene encoding a protein having a protein having dehydrogenase activity for generating L-fucrose and having an activity for generating hexose from L-fucitol to keto other than L-fucrose has been disrupted.
- L for producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol L for producing L-fuculose from L-fucito
- a microorganism which has substantially no ability to produce a ketohexose other than L-fucitol L-fuculose and is capable of expressing a protein derived from a microorganism having a dehydrogenase activity capable of producing L-fucitol L-fucrose; L-fuculose that produces L-fucose from L-fucitol and L-fucose that produces L-fucitol from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more species selected from the group consisting of a culture of the microorganism and a cell treatment of the microorganism. Generating step;
- L-fucitol activity A microorganism-derived protein having substantially no ability to produce ketohexoses other than L-fucrose and having a dehydrogenase activity that produces L-fucitol activity, and L-fucose activity also produces L-fucose L-fucose is produced from L-fucitol in the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of a microorganism transformed to express a protein, a culture of the microorganism, and a cell treatment of the microorganism. The production method of Lofucose.
- the transformant described in [28] above is a microorganism, and the microorganism is cultured in a medium to produce L-fucitol L-fuculose in the medium and in the Z or microorganism.
- a method for producing a protein comprising accumulating a protein having dehydrogenase activity.
- the transformant according to (28) is a microorganism
- One or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a processed cell of the microorganism are added to a reaction system containing L-fucitol to produce L-fucose with L-fucitol power.
- the production method of L-fucrose is the production method of L-fucrose.
- the transformant described in (28) above is a microorganism, and one or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a material for treating cells of the microorganism are selected from the group consisting of L L-fucose is produced in a reaction system containing fucitol, and L-fucose is produced from L-fucitol.
- (32) a protein having a dehydrogenase activity for producing L-fucitol L-fuculose, into which the recombinant polynucleotide according to (25) and the recombinant polynucleotide according to claim 26 have been introduced;
- a transformant which expresses a protein having an activity of producing a protein.
- the recombinant polynucleotide according to (26) is introduced, and a transformed microorganism expressing a protein having an activity of generating NAD from NADH is cultured in a medium, and the transformed microorganism is cultured in the medium and Z or the microorganism.
- a method for producing a protein comprising accumulating a protein having an activity of producing NADH-powered NAD.
- the transformant according to (32) is a microorganism
- One or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a processed cell of the microorganism are added to a reaction system containing L-fucitol to produce L-fucose with L-fucitol power.
- the production method of L-fucrose is the production method of L-fucrose.
- the transformant described in (32) above is a microorganism, and one or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a treatment of the microorganism with the microorganism are selected from the group consisting of L —Cultured in a reaction system containing fucitol to produce L-fuculose from L-fucitol The process of producing L-fucrose,
- the transformant described in the above [36] is a microorganism, and the microorganism is cultured in a medium, and a dehydrogenase activity that generates L-fucitol L-fuculose in the medium and in the Z or microorganism is measured.
- a method for producing a protein comprising accumulating a protein having an activity of producing a NAD protein and an NAD-forming NAD.
- the transformant according to (36) is a microorganism
- One or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a processed cell of the microorganism are added to a reaction system containing L-fucitol to produce L-fucose with L-fucitol power.
- the production method of L-fucrose is the production method of L-fucrose.
- the transformant described in the above (36) is a microorganism, and one or more selected from the group consisting of the microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, and a substance treated with the microorganism are selected from the group consisting of L L-fucose is produced in a reaction system containing fucitol, and L-fucose is produced from L-fucitol.
- sequence shown in SEQ ID NO in the present specification refers to the sequence described in the sequence listing unless otherwise specified.
- the present invention there are provided a method for producing L-fucose and a method for producing L-fucose which are suitable for industrial production.
- the production method of the present invention is simple as industrial production. Further, the production method of the present invention can suppress or eliminate the generation of by-products, This is a highly efficient manufacturing method. Further, the production method of the present invention can use a low-cost raw material such as D-galactose as a starting material, so that the production cost can be reduced, which is extremely advantageous for industrial production.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a reaction process up to D-galactose force L-fucose.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of L-fucitol converted by acetic acid bacteria expressing Fuel.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the amount of by-product (BP) produced during the production of L-fuculose from L-fucitol under different pH conditions.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the amount of by-product (BP) produced when L-fucitol is produced from L-fucitol when EDTA is cultivated.
- BP by-product
- Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the amount of by-product (BP) produced when L-fucitol is produced from L-fucitol force when the sldA gene is disrupted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a result of SDS-PAGE of purified FcDH.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of SDS-PAGE of purified NOX.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of measuring the pH optimum for the reaction of purified FcDH.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of measuring the pH stability of purified FcDH.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of measuring the optimal reaction temperature of purified FcDH.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the results of measuring the temperature stability of purified FcDH.
- FIG. 12 shows the results of measuring the specific activity of purified FcDH with respect to the concentrations of (A) D-arabitol and (B) L fucitol.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the results of examining the oxidized products of D-arabitol, D-manitol and D-sorbitol by FcDH by HPLC analysis.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing the results of measuring the specific activity of purified FcDH with respect to the NAD concentration.
- Fig. 15 is a view showing the result of measuring the optimum pH of the reaction of purified NOX.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the pH stability of purified NOX.
- FIG. 17 is a view showing the result of measuring the optimal reaction temperature of purified NOX.
- FIG. 18 shows the results of measuring the temperature stability of purified NOX.
- FIG. 19 shows the results of measuring the specific activity of purified NOX with respect to the flavin coenzyme (FAD, riboflavin, and FMN) concentration.
- FAD flavin coenzyme
- FIG. 20 is a view showing the result of measuring the specific activity of purified NOX with respect to the NADH concentration (FIG. 20 (A)).
- Figure 20 (B) shows the results of (A) in a Lineweaver-Burk plot.
- Figure 21 shows E. coli / pUC18, E. coli / pIEXll, E. coli / pFEX3052,
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the results of observation by SDS-PAGE of cell-free extracts prepared from E. coli / pFNEX4105 and E. coli / pFNIEX5706, respectively.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an SDS-PAGE observation result of rFcDH purified from E. coli / pFEX3052.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an SDS-PAGE observation result of rNOX purified from E. coli / pFNEX4105.
- FIG. 24 is a view showing the time course of conversion of L-fucitol using FcDH and NOX purified from G. oxydans.
- FIG. 25 shows the time course of conversion of L-fucitol using rFcDH and rNOX prepared from recombinant E. col beams.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the time course of conversion of L-fucitol by a recombinant E. coli intatocell.
- FIG. 27 is a view showing the time course of conversion of L-fucitol in the presence of catalase.
- L-fucrose is produced using a microorganism-derived protein having a dehydrogenase activity for producing L-fucose from L-fucitol.
- a microorganism-derived protein having a dehydrogenase activity for producing L-fucose from L-fucitol As will be described in detail in the following examples, the present inventors have found that, in a microorganism, a protein having an activity of generating L-fucitol power L-fuculose and an activity of generating L-fucitol power of a ketohexose other than L-fuculose It has been found that a protein having and exists separately.
- a protein having an activity of producing L-fuculose with L-fuculose activity and a predetermined microbial activity the production of by-products other than L-fucrose can be reduced or eliminated.
- it is a protein derived from microorganisms, it is easier to handle such as isolation and purification than proteins derived from cells such as plants and animals, and heterologous recombination in microorganisms for mass production of enzymes. Even when considering large-scale expression, it is advantageous in terms of compatibility with the host. Cultivation of microorganisms is easier than cultivation of plant and animal cells, and it is also easy to obtain sufficient amounts for industrial production.
- the present inventors specified the amino acid sequence and the nucleotide sequence of the protein isolated from Gluconobacter oxydans.
- L-fucitol can easily be obtained from L-galactose, which is an inexpensive raw material. Therefore, the method for producing L-fucrose of the present invention can reduce costs and is advantageous for industrial production.
- the method for obtaining D-galactose power L-fucitol is described, for example, in Non-Patent Document 1 and the like.
- the protein to be used may be a protein derived from a microorganism and having a dehydrogenase activity that generates L-fucitol power.
- microorganisms include prokaryotic microorganisms, eukaryotic microorganisms and viruses, but do not include plant cells containing algae.
- Microorganisms from which such proteins can be obtained include, for example, acetic acid bacteria. More specifically, the acetic acid bacteria include bacteria belonging to the genus Darconobacter and genus Acetobacter, and more specifically, Gluconobacter oxydans, Gluconobacter frateurii, Gluconobacter oxydans, and Gluconobacter frateurii.
- Acetobacter 'Melanogenes (Acetobacter melanogenus), Gunorekonono Kuta one roseus (Gluconobacter roseus), Gunorekonono Kuta ⁇ ⁇ Serinasu (Gluconobacter cerinus), Darukonobakuta ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Okishidansu-Sabusupishi ⁇ 's, 'Sabuo 3 r Ngunsu (tjluconoDacter oxydans suosp.
- the microorganisms may be cultured and propagated in an appropriate medium depending on the type.
- the medium for this purpose is not particularly limited as long as the microorganism can grow, and may be a normal medium containing normal carbon sources, nitrogen sources, phosphorus sources, sulfur sources, inorganic ions, and, if necessary, organic nutrient sources. ⁇ .
- any of the above microorganisms can be used, and specific examples thereof include sugars such as glucose, fructose, maltose, and amylose; alcohols such as sorbitol, ethanol, and glycerol; Organic acids such as fumaric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid, salts thereof, hydrocarbons such as noraffin, and mixtures thereof can be used.
- sugars such as glucose, fructose, maltose, and amylose
- alcohols such as sorbitol, ethanol, and glycerol
- Organic acids such as fumaric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid, salts thereof, hydrocarbons such as noraffin, and mixtures thereof can be used.
- Examples of the nitrogen source include ammonium salts of inorganic acids such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride, ammonium salts of organic acids such as ammonium fumarate and ammonium citrate, sodium nitrate, and potassium nitrate.
- ammonium salts of inorganic acids such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride
- ammonium salts of organic acids such as ammonium fumarate and ammonium citrate, sodium nitrate, and potassium nitrate.
- Nitrate, peptone, yeast extract, meat extract, organic nitrogen compounds such as corn steep liquor, and mixtures thereof can be used.
- nutrients used in ordinary culture media such as inorganic salts, trace metal salts, and vitamins, can be appropriately mixed and used.
- the culture can be performed for about 12 to 70 hours while appropriately controlling the pH and temperature in the range of 40 ° C. Yes.
- Purification of a protein derived from a microorganism includes all conventional methods usually used for purifying a protein, such as ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, and water-phobic chromatography. Can be adopted. When purifying, use the cell extract as the starting material.If uncrushed or unlysed bacterial residues are present, the lysate is centrifuged again to precipitate. Removing residues is more advantageous for purification
- L-Fucitol Power L-Fucose can be produced from L-fucitol using a microorganism-derived protein having a dehydrogenase activity that produces L-fucrose by contacting L-fucitol with the above-mentioned microorganism-derived protein in a medium.
- L-fucitol and a purified protein derived from the above microorganism may be added to a buffer solution or the like to cause a reaction.
- the time such as pH, temperature, reaction time, and amount of enzyme added may be appropriately changed depending on the type of the protein derived from the microorganism.
- the pH is preferably 5-11, more preferably 7-10.
- the temperature is preferably 20-50. C, more preferably 25-40. C.
- a method using a microorganism, a culture of the microorganism, or a treated product of the microorganism will be described.
- a microorganism having the above-mentioned microorganism-derived protein, a culture thereof, or a treated product of a microorganism can also be used.
- the microorganism may also have the ability to produce ketohexoses other than L-fuculose (hereinafter, also referred to as by-products!). It is preferable to use a small number.
- microorganisms satisfying the above conditions (i) and (ii) preferably include, for example, Darconobacter xylinus subspecies.
- Xylinas and darconobacter oxydance, etc. and more preferably Darconobacter xylinas subspecies.
- Examples include the 'Xylinus ATCC53582 strain, the ATCC23767 strain, and the Dalconobacter oxydans IFO 3189 strain, and more preferably, the Dalconobacter xylinus'Subspaces' xylinas ATCC53582 strain.
- These microorganisms are microorganisms which do not substantially produce ketohexoses other than L-fuculose without the genetic manipulation as described below!
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides, as another embodiment, a protein having a dehydrogenase activity that also produces L-fucitol and also has an ability to produce a ketohexose other than L-fucose from L-fucitol.
- a non-genetically engineered microorganism or the like having substantially no E. coli is used.
- the phrase “substantially has no” means that the amount of by-products is below the detection limit under the conditions shown in Example 1 below, and specifically when the amount is about ImM or below.
- genetically modified microorganism refers to a microorganism whose gene has been artificially manipulated using a genetic engineering technique, and does not include a mutant that has occurred in the natural world.
- Non-genetically modified microorganisms are those that are not genetically modified microorganisms.
- a culture of a microorganism is a product obtained by culturing a microorganism, and more specifically, is produced by a microorganism cell, a medium used for culturing the microorganism, and a cultured microorganism. Mixture, and also the supernatant thereof.
- the treated cell refers to a cell obtained by subjecting a cell of a microorganism, that is, a cell of the microorganism, to some kind of artificial operation.
- a treated cell may be obtained by crushing, lysing, and freeze-drying the cell.
- the processed cells include a crude protein recovered by processing cells and the like, and a purified protein that is further purified.
- a partially purified protein obtained by various purification methods or the like may be used, or a protein obtained by immobilizing the protein by a covalent bonding method, an adsorption method, an inclusive method, or the like may be used. .
- the processed bacterial cells include those in which the cell contents of the microbial cells are mixed. Therefore, when using the processed bacterial cells, by-products may be generated.
- processed bacterial cells use micro-organisms that have the ability to make L-fucrose production amount 50% by weight or more of L-fucitol acid chloride. Is preferred.
- a protein having an activity of producing microbial power L-fucitol L-fuculose is sufficiently purified and this purified protein is used, the microorganism is merely an origin and, as already described above, Is not limited by its ability to produce by-products.
- a microorganism-derived protein having L-fucose-forming activity such as adding L-fucitol into a culture of the microorganism, uses L-fucitol as a substrate.
- the reaction may be carried out as follows.
- the treated bacterial cell is used, the treated bacterial cell is mixed with L-fucitol so that the reaction of L-fucitol-producing protein derived from microorganisms using L-fucitol as a substrate is performed.
- a reaction system should be constructed according to a reaction system using enzymes, bioactive substances, and the like!
- a form using a microorganism having a first protein having L-fucrose-forming activity and having a disrupted gene encoding a second protein having an activity of producing by-products You. Even microorganisms that originally produce by-products can be transformed into microorganisms suitable for the production of L-fucrose by disrupting enzyme genes and other factors that cause by-products. It is possible to produce L-fuculose with high efficiency.
- Gene disruption means that a gene of a target protein is modified to reduce or lose the original function of the protein.
- a gene refers to a medium that encodes genetic information, and examples of the medium include polynucleotides such as DNA, RNA, and hybrid or chimeric molecules thereof.
- Gene disruption includes, for example, introducing mutations such as deletion, substitution, insertion and inversion to alter the protein itself, and inhibiting the expression of the protein by inhibiting transcription and translation. Methods are included.
- the method for disrupting the gene! / ⁇ There is no particular limitation on the method for disrupting the gene! / ⁇ . Examples of how to disrupt genes
- the gene may be mutated or the gene may be deleted. Inactivation of the gene can be achieved by UV irradiation or-
- N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- mutagenesis site-directed mutagenesis, homologous recombination, or insertion-deletion mutagenesis, also known as Red-driven integration (Datsenko KA and Wanner B ⁇ ., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, Vol. 97, No. 12, p6640-45).
- a DNA containing a deleted gene (part of a recombinant gene, which has been deleted so that a part of the target gene has been deleted so as not to produce a normally functioning peptidase) ) Is prepared.
- the microorganism deficient in the peptidase gene on the chromosome can be transformed. can get.
- a protein other than L-fucitol capella and other L-fuculose, which has a high activity of producing ketohexose is preferable.
- a dehydrogenase which does not substantially have the ability to produce hexose from L-fucitol to a keto other than L-fucrose, and produces L-fucitol-luca L-fucrose
- a microorganism or the like transformed so as to express a first protein derived from a microorganism having activity.
- a microorganism suitable for the production of L-fuculose can be obtained by producing a transformant into which a gene has been introduced so as to express such a protein, even if it does not originally possess a protein having L-fuculose-forming activity. be able to.
- a microorganism which does not generate a by-product and can efficiently produce L-fucrose can be easily obtained by selecting a transformant which does not originally have the ability to generate a by-product.
- Microorganisms that do not substantially have the ability to produce ketohexoses other than L-fucitol power L-fuculose include those that originally do not have such ability, but that do not have the ability to produce ketohexose.
- a microorganism in which a gene encoding a protein having an activity of producing hexose has been disrupted can also be used. Proteins targeted for gene disruption In the same manner as described above, for example, a protein having an activity of generating D-xylulose as D-arabitol force can also be mentioned.
- Transformants can be prepared according to a standard method.
- a transformant can be obtained as follows.
- the above-mentioned microbial activity also obtains a target protein such as a protein having L-fucose-forming activity, and determines the amino acid sequence of the purified target protein.
- the amino acid sequence can be determined using the Edman method (Edman, P., Acta Chem. Scand. 4, 227 (1950)).
- the amino acid sequence can be determined using a sequencer manufactured by Applied Biosystems.
- An N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein is also determined to have 30 residues, and the nucleotide sequence of the DNA encoding the amino acid sequence can be deduced based on the apparent amino acid sequence.
- a universal sardine is used.
- a DNA molecule of about 30 base pairs is synthesized. Methods for synthesizing DNA molecules are disclosed in Tetrahedron Letters, 22, 1859 (1981).
- a DNA molecule can be synthesized using a synthesizer manufactured by Applied Biosystems. The DNA molecule synthesized in this manner can be used as a probe when isolating the full length DNA encoding the target protein from a chromosomal gene library of a microorganism.
- a DNA encoding the target protein is used as a primer when amplifying by PCR.
- a method for determining the base sequence of the DNA encoding the isolated target protein is described in A Practical uuiae to Molecular loning, John Wiley & 3 ⁇ 4ons, Inc. (1985).
- the nucleotide sequence can be determined using a DNA sequencer manufactured by Applied Biosystems.
- the DNA isolated as described above may be introduced into a host cell. That is, the isolated DNA is incorporated into an expression vector that can be expressed in a host cell, and this is introduced into the host cell.
- bacterial cells When a protein is mass-produced using recombinant DNA technology, bacterial cells, actinomycete cells, yeast cells, mold cells, plant cells, animal cells, and the like can be used as transformed host cells.
- intestinal bacteria preferably E. coli (Escherichia coli) and the like are suitable. This is because there is a lot of knowledge about technology for mass-producing proteins using intestinal bacteria such as Escherichia coli.
- a method for producing the introduced protein using the transformed E. coli will be described.
- promoters that are usually used for the production of heterologous proteins in Escherichia coli can be used.
- T7 promoter lac promoter, trp promoter, trc promoter, tac promoter
- strong promoters such as the promoter, the P promoter of lambda phage, and the P promoter.
- the codon reading frames should be matched. Either ligate at an appropriate restriction site or use synthetic DNA with an appropriate sequence.
- a terminator which is a transcription termination sequence, downstream of the protein gene.
- the terminator include a T7 terminator, an fd phage terminator, a T4 terminator, a terminator for a tetracycline resistance gene, and a terminator for an Escherichia coli trpA gene.
- a so-called multicopy type is preferable, and a plasmid having a replication origin derived from ColEl, such as a pUC-based plasmid or a pBR322-based plasmid is preferred.
- Plasmids! / ⁇ include their derivatives.
- the “derivative” means a plasmid obtained by modifying a plasmid by substitution, deletion, insertion, addition of base, Z or inversion, or the like.
- the modification referred to here is It also includes modification by mutagenesis by UV irradiation or the like, or modification by spontaneous mutation. More specifically, as the vector, if f columns, pUC19, pUC18, pBR322, pHSG299
- phage DNA and transposon DNA vectors can be used.
- the vector has an advantage such as an ampicillin resistance gene.
- plasmids are commercially available expression vectors having a strong promoter, Ru (P UC system (manufactured by Takara Shuzo (Ltd.)), PPROK system (manufactured by Clone Tetsu h), Ho pKK233-2 (Clontech) Power ).
- a gene encoding a promoter, a peptide-forming enzyme or a fusion protein of a peptide-forming enzyme and another protein, a DNA fragment linked in the order of a terminator, and a vector DNA are linked to obtain a thread-recombinant DNA.
- Escherichia coli is transformed with the obtained recombinant DNA, and the Escherichia coli is cultured, whereby the target protein is expressed and produced.
- a strain that is commonly used for expressing a heterologous gene can be used as the host to be transformed.
- Escherichia coli 'MJ109 strain which is a kind of Escherichia coli K12 subsp., Is preferable.
- Method of performing transformation, and methods of the transformants selected ⁇ 1 J is Molecular Cloning, 2nd edition, are described in Cold bpnng Harbor press (1989), or the like.
- a production medium a medium usually used for culturing Escherichia coli, such as an M9-amino acid medium or an LB medium, may be used. Culture conditions and production induction conditions are appropriately selected depending on the type of the vector marker, promoter, host bacterium and the like used.
- the target protein can be recovered by the same method as the above-described separation and purification of the protein.
- L-Fucitol power Even when a microorganism that produces by-products other than L-fucrose is used, industrial reaction can be achieved by performing an oxidation reaction of L-fucitol under conditions that suppress the production of by-products.
- the production method of L-fucrose can be endured as a simple production method.
- adjust the pH conditions For example, a technique such as adding an inhibitor that selectively inhibits an enzyme can be used.
- a by-product generation inhibitor may be added to the reaction system. It is desirable that the inhibitor does not inhibit the production of L-fuculose from L-fucitol at all, but any inhibitor can be used as long as it can produce L-fuculose sufficiently compared to the production of by-products.
- the by-product generation inhibitor include a divalent ion chelating agent and the like, and preferably, EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetate) and the like.
- L-fuculose which produces L-fuculose from L-fucitol in the presence of a protein having an activity to regenerate NAD from NADH converted from NAD during L-fuculose production, A manufacturing method is provided. By using a reaction system to which NAD is supplied, continuous and efficient production of L-fucrose is possible, which is extremely advantageous for industrial production.
- a protein having an activity of producing NAD from NADH may be present in a microorganism having the ability to produce L-fucose from L-fucitol.
- the microorganism or a microorganism of the microorganism may be present. What is necessary is just to add the body treatment product to the reaction system.
- a protein having this activity should be added.
- Many dehydrogenases have the activity to produce NADH capra NAD, and the reduction activity of these dehydrogenases may be used.In this case, since NADH is used as a coenzyme, reaction Must also be added together.
- oxidase or peroxidase that oxidizes NADH to NAD can also be used.
- the substrate required for the reaction is oxygen; for peroxidase, it is hydrogen peroxide.
- the reaction solution can be easily supplied into the reaction solution by stirring or the like, and even in the latter case, hydrogen peroxide is very inexpensive and advantageous in terms of cost. .
- Known oxidases and peroxidases can be used, and commercial products also exist.
- an L-fucose producing step for producing L-fuculose according to the method for producing L-fucose of the present invention, and an L-fucose producing L-fucose from L-fucrose.
- a generation step Each of the above steps may be performed in a separate reaction system or in the same reaction system.
- L-fucitol which is a raw material for L-fucrose, can easily obtain the inexpensive material strength of D-galactose, and the method of the present invention is simple, so that the L-fucose of the present invention is simple. Is an industrially superior method that is simple and can reduce costs.
- the L-fuculose producing step is as described in the section "1. Method for producing L-fuculose" above.
- the above-described various embodiments can be adopted also in the method for producing L-fuculose of the present invention.
- L-fucose generation step A method for producing L-fucose from L-fucrose is disclosed in Patent Document 5, for example. More specifically, L-fucose is preferably obtained using L-fucose isomerase. L-fucose isomerase is registered in the database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, for example.
- a microorganism transformed to express L-fucose isomerase may be produced to produce L-fucose isomerase, and L-fucose isomerase may be isolated and used.
- a microorganism transformed to express L-fucose isomerase or a cell treated product of this microorganism may be used. Preparation of transformant Can be carried out in the same manner as the method described in the section of “11. Embodiment Using Genetically Engineered Strain”.
- a co-expressor is produced and used to produce L-fucitol and L-fucose in one reaction system.
- L-fucitol has substantially no ability to generate ketohexoses other than L-fucose
- L-fucitol has a microorganism-derived protein having dehydrogenase activity to generate L-fuculose
- L-fucrose also has L-fucose.
- L-fucitol power L-fucose is produced in the presence of at least one of a microorganism which has been transformed so as to be capable of expressing a protein having a producing activity and a processed product of the microorganism.
- the protein of the above (A) can be isolated from Gluconobacter oxydans IFO 3255 and the like.
- the protein of the present invention includes a protein substantially the same as (A), and specifically corresponds to the protein power of (B). Further, substantially the same protein can be isolated from each strain described in Table 1.
- the protein or the like of the present invention specified by the above sequence is not limited to its isolated origin.
- a transformed microorganism or the like can be prepared using a gene recombination technique based on the above sequence to produce the above protein.
- “several” differs depending on the position and type of the amino acid residue in the three-dimensional structure of the protein, but is within a range that does not significantly impair the three-dimensional structure and activity of the amino acid residue in the protein. Specifically, the number is 2 to 100, preferably 2 to 50, more preferably 2 to 30 and more preferably 2 to 10.
- an amino acid sequence containing one or several mutations of one or several amino acids selected from the group consisting of one or several substitutions, deletions, insertions, additions and inversions in the amino acid sequence of the protein are selected from the group consisting of one or several substitutions, deletions, insertions, additions and inversions in the amino acid sequence of the protein.
- the protein of (A) at 30 ° C and pH 9.5, at least about half, more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, and particularly preferably at least 95%. It is desirable to have.
- Amino acid mutations such as those shown in (B) above are such that amino acids at specific sites in the gene encoding the present protein are substituted, deleted, inserted, added, etc. by, for example, site-directed mutagenesis.
- site-directed mutagenesis By modifying the base sequence.
- the polypeptide having the modified base sequence as described above can be obtained by a conventionally known mutation treatment.
- Examples of the mutation treatment include a method in which DNA encoding (A) is treated in vitro with hydroxylamine or the like, and a method for bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia harboring DNA encoding (A) is performed by ultraviolet irradiation or N-methyl-N'- Examples include a method of treating with a mutagen that is commonly used for artificial mutation, such as -tro-tosoguanidine (NTG) or nitrite.
- NTG -tro-tosoguanidine
- mutations such as amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion, addition, and inversion caused by base modification as described above also include naturally occurring mutations such as differences among microorganism species or strains.
- a DNA encoding a protein substantially identical to the protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 16 can be obtained.
- Examples of the polynucleotide encoding the protein used in the production method of the present invention include a polynucleotide encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16. Due to codon degeneracy, there can be a plurality of base sequences that define one amino acid sequence. That is, the polynucleotide of the present invention includes a polynucleotide having a base sequence encoding the following protein.
- A a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16
- B the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 16, which has an amino acid sequence containing one or several amino acid mutations selected from the group consisting of substitution, deletion, insertion, addition and inversion, and L-fucitol Having a protein having dehydrogenase activity to produce L-fucrose from yeast
- the base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16 is exemplified. Further, the following polynucleotides may be mentioned as polynucleotides substantially identical to the DNA having the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 15. A polynucleotide or a nucleotide sequence comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15 from a polynucleotide encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15 or a cell carrying the same.
- SEQ ID NO: 15 by isolating a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an activity having a dehydrogenase activity that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a probe prepared from L-Fucitol and generates L-fuculose from L-fucitol.
- a polynucleotide substantially identical to the polynucleotide having the described base sequence is obtained.
- polynucleotide of the present invention include the following polynucleotides (a) and (b).
- the probe can be prepared by a standard method based on, for example, the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15. Further, a method of preparing a polynucleotide that hybridizes with the probe using a probe and isolating the target polynucleotide may be performed according to a standard method. For example, a DNA probe can be prepared by amplifying a base sequence cloned into a plasmid or a phage vector, cutting out a base sequence to be used as a probe with a restriction enzyme, and extracting the base sequence. Excision point can be adjusted according to the target DNA
- stringent conditions means that a so-called specific hybrid is formed, The conditions must be met before non-specific hybrids are formed. Although it is difficult to clearly express this condition in terms of numerical values, for example, DNAs with high homology, for example, 50% or more, more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, particularly preferably DNA hybrids with 95% or more homology will hybridize, and DNAs with lower homology will not hybridize! /, Or under the condition of washing ordinary Southern hybridizations! 60 ° C, 1 X SSC that, 0. 1 0/0 SDS, or preferably ⁇ , 0. 1 X SSC, 0. 1 0/0 SDS to Ne th person to Roh at a salt concentration include Iburidizu conditions . Some of the genes that hybridize under these conditions include those with a stop codon in the middle or those that have lost their activity due to mutations in the active center. The enzyme can be easily removed by measuring the enzyme activity of the expression product by the method described in the Examples below.
- L-fucitol of about half or more, more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more of the protein having the amino acid sequence encoded by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 retains the dehydrogenase activity to generate L-fucrose. It is desirable to encode a protein.
- DNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15 is, for example, Gluconobacter oxydans IFO
- PCR polymerase
- Primers used for PCR can be designed based on, for example, an internal amino acid sequence determined based on a purified protein having peptide-forming activity.
- a primer having a sequence corresponding to the 5 ′ untranslated region and the 3 ′ untranslated region is used as a PCR primer, the entire coding region of the present protein can be amplified.
- the primers are synthesized by, for example, using a DNA synthesizer model 380B manufactured by Applied Biosystems and using a phosphoramidite method (see Tetrahedron Letters (1981), 22, 1859). It can be synthesized according to the method.
- the PCR reaction can be performed using, for example, Gene Amp PCR System 9600 (manufactured by PERKIN ELMER) and TaKaRa LA PCR in vitro Cloning Kit (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) according to the method specified by the supplier such as each manufacturer. .
- a preferred embodiment of the method for producing fuculose of the present invention includes an embodiment in which NADH oxidase is added to a reaction system.
- NADH oxidase is added to a reaction system.
- Specific examples of the NAD oxidase used herein include the following proteins (C) and (D).
- the protein of the above (C) can be isolated from Gluconobacter oxydans IFO 3255 and the like.
- the protein of the present invention includes a protein substantially the same as (C), and specifically corresponds to the protein power of (D). Furthermore, it may be possible to isolate substantially the same protein from each of the strains listed in Table 1.
- Examples of the polynucleotide encoding the protein used in the production method of the present invention include a polynucleotide encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18. Due to codon degeneracy, there can be a plurality of base sequences that define one amino acid sequence. That is, the polynucleotide of the present invention includes a polynucleotide having a base sequence encoding the following protein. Leotide.
- the polynucleotide of the present invention is preferably, for example, a polynucleotide shown in the following (c) or (d).
- a recombinant in which the above polynucleotide is incorporated alone may be prepared, or "L fusitol power" L-fuculose-producing protein having dehydrogenase activity "together with a polynucleotide encoding the same.
- a transformant expressing the above NADH oxidase and a transformant expressing a protein having a dehydrogenase activity producing L-fucitol capella and L-fuculose are separately prepared.
- dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and NAD need to be present in the same reaction field, and the produced enzyme is required.
- dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and NAD need to be present in the same reaction field, and the produced enzyme is required.
- an enzymatic reaction using DNA or a treated cell with disrupted cell membrane produce dehydrogenase and NADH oxidase in separate hosts.
- untreated cells are used as a catalyst, it is desirable to co-express both enzymes in the same host.
- Example 1 Search for microorganisms that produce L-foculose by oxidizing L-focitol 1
- Acetobacter strains refreshed by culturing on YPG agar medium (10 g / 1 glycerol, 0.3 g / 1 yeast extract, 0.3 g / 1 peptone, 20 g / 1 agar, pH 6.5) at 30 ° C for 18-66 hours was sterilized in an autoclave at 120 ° C for 20 minutes.10 g / 1 (61 mM) L-fuccitonol, 10 g / 1 glycerol, 3 g / 1 yeast extract, 3 g / 1 peptone, 20 g / i ,
- L-fucose was eluted at an analysis time of about 7.6 minutes
- L-fucitol was eluted at an analysis time of about 11.9 minutes
- L-fucose was eluted at an analysis time of about 13.6 minutes.
- the elution position was confirmed and the concentration in the analytical sample was calculated using a commercial product manufactured by Sigma as a standard compound. Since a commercially available L-fucose standard cannot be obtained, a substance that also produces L-fucose power by L-fucose isomerase, which will be described in detail below, was considered as L-fuculose.
- the sum of the integrated values (peak area values) of both peaks on the chart of the residual L-fucose and the generated L-fucrose is L-fuco Since the peak area value of L-fuculose per unit concentration was assumed to be the same as that of the same L-fucose, the concentration of L-fuculose in the analytical sample was calculated because it remained almost unchanged before and after the action of sucrose isomerase. .
- the detection limit is about 1 mM in the case of the analysis in the following examples. In many analyses, an unidentified peak, which is considered to be a conversion product derived from L-fucitol based on the size of the peak area, was observed at an analysis time of about 8.0 minutes.
- BP concentration of the unidentified substance
- BP concentration of the unidentified substance
- Table 1 shows the analysis results.
- Gluconobacter may be abbreviated as “ni”
- Acetobacter may be abbreviated as “A.”.
- YP-dulcitol agar medium (10 g / 1 dulcitol, 0.3 g / 1 yeast extract, 0.3 g / 1 peptone, etc.) was used to induce the expression of L-fucitol oxidase by dulcitol, which has a similar structure to L-fucitol.
- Examples 1 and 2 there is a genus Gluconobacter that produces L-fuculose from L-fucitol as a raw material! /, The ability to detect a plurality of acetic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Acetobacter. Most of them produced BPs other than L-fuculose at the same time, and the only microorganism that produced only L-fuculose was only one strain of the ATCC53582 strain of Darconobacter xylinus subsp. Xylinus (Gluconobacter xylinus subsp.
- Example 3 Identification of substance assumed to be L-fuculose by HPLC analysis
- L-fucose isomer Bioassay was studied using L-focose isomerase.
- L-Fucose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.3. Hereinafter, referred to as "FucI”) is an enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization between L-fucose and L-fucose (L- foC0se ). It was thought that if the compound assumed to be L-fucrose was L-fucrose, it would be converted to L-fucose by the addition of fuel. There is a commercially available L-fucose (for example, manufactured by Sigma), and HPLC analysis using this as a standard compound or colorimetric determination using L-focose dehydrogenase described in Japanese Patent No. 3132913 can be performed. It is possible.
- Fuel was prepared as follows. Fuel is derived from E. coli strain K12. This yeast is registered as Accession number AAC75844 strain in the National Institute for Biotechnology Information. In order to express this enzyme in large amounts in E. coli and to facilitate purification, in order to insert a histidine tag at the N-terminus of Fuel, QIAGEN We decided to use PQE30, which is more commercially available. To insert the Fuel gene (foci) between Sphl and Hindlll sites in the multicloning site of pQE30, the following PCR primer 1 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and PCR primer 2 (SEQ ID NO: 2) were prepared and PCR was performed using the obtained genomic DNA derived from E.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 SEQ ID NO: 1
- SEQ ID NO: 2 PCR primer 2
- coli W3110 as a template to obtain a fragment of about 1.8 kbp length.
- This fragment and the pQE30 vector were digested with Sphl and Hindlll, purified, and ligated to prepare a plasmid pQE30FucIH6 for expressing a Fuel protein having a His-Tag sequence at the N-terminus (hereinafter, referred to as FucIH6).
- the entire nucleotide sequence of fodH6 formed by the gene encoded on this plasmid and the predicted amino acid sequence are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4, respectively.
- E. coli JM109 strain was transformed to prepare FucIH6-expressing strain E. coli _JM109 / pQE30FucIH6.
- the strain was cultured at 37 ° C in LB medium, and when the absorbance at 600 nm of the culture broth reached approximately 0.4 during the culture, fodH6 expression was induced by adding 1 mM IPTG to a final concentration of 1 mM. Was done. After culturing was continued for 2 hours after the induction, the obtained culture solution was collected by centrifugation, and the obtained cells were washed with 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0). The washed cells obtained were disrupted by sonication at 200 W for 10 minutes. The solution was used.
- a final concentration of 10 mM Imidazole and 0.3 M NaCl are added to this crude enzyme solution, respectively, and 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 10 mM Imidazole, 0.3 M NaCl (this is called buffer solution W)
- the protein was mixed with 1 ml of Ni-NTA resin (manufactured by QIAGEN) equilibrated in step 1 and shaken overnight to bind the protein having the His-Tag sequence to the resin. After shaking, the resin was recovered by centrifugation. The resin was washed several times with buffer solution W, and then transferred to the column. Next, the adsorbed protein was eluted from the resin with 0.2 M Imidazole. The eluted fraction obtained was dialyzed against 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanoU 0.1 mM MnCl, and, if necessary, concentrated.
- the obtained culture solution was centrifuged to remove cells, and an equal volume of 0.2 M potassium phosphate buffer was added.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 5 'primer base sequence for obtaining foci gene
- SEQ ID NO: 2 Base sequence of 3 'primer for obtaining fticl gene
- Example 4 L-Fucitol conversion by Fuel-expressing acetic acid bacteria
- Example 3 showed that L-fucose could be produced from L-fucitol by acetic acid bacteria and L-fucose could be converted to L-fucose using Fuel.
- the production of L-fucose using L-fucitol as a raw material the production of L-fucose from L-fucitol and the production of L-fucose from L-fucose can be performed separately as in Example 3.
- the fact that the same reaction can be performed at the same time is advantageous in terms of actual production, because the process can be simplified.
- the acetic acid bacterium itself is also transformed into L-fucose. It was considered that if the exchange rate could be maintained, it would be possible to produce L-fucitol-potential L-fucose by a single strain, which was an advantageous method.
- G. oxydans capable of producing L-fuculose from L-fucitol
- a strain expressing E. coli-derived Fuel will be constructed on behalf of the IF03171 strain.
- Examples of specific protein expression systems in acetic acid bacteria include, for example, Biosci. Biotechnol.
- a gene fragment encoding the full-length Fuel derived from E. coli was obtained by PCR in the same manner as described in Example 3, and this was inserted into the multicloning site of pSA to obtain the Fuel expression plasmid pSA19Fud for acetic acid bacteria. Created. However, unlike in Example 3, His-Tag was not inserted into Fuel, and wild-type Fuel was expressed, and SEQ ID NOS: 5 and 6 were described as primers used for PCR closing from E. coli. Was used. As a result, the expected amino acid sequence of the expressed Fuel and the foci gene inserted on pSA19FucI are the same as those of the wild-type enzyme. The method for transforming the G. oxydans IF03171 strain with the obtained pSA19FucI was also performed with reference to the above-mentioned literature.
- SEQ ID NO: 5 Base sequence of 5 'primer for obtaining fod gene
- SEQ ID NO: 6 Base sequence of 3 'primer for obtaining fod gene
- Example 5 Attempt to reduce by-products (BP) during L-fucose production with L-fucitol power 1; Control of reaction pH
- reaction pH was investigated in order to suppress the production of BP, which is a problem in L-fucose production from L-fucitol.
- G. oxydans IF03255, G. oxydans IF03171, G. roseus AJ2840 and A. turbidans AJ2908 were used as test strains.
- Liquid consisting of sterilized 10 g / 1 glycerol, 10 g / 1 L-fucitol, 0.3 g / 1 yeast extract, 0.3 g / 1 peptone, 20 g / 1 CaCO 2, pH 6.5, sterilized strain refreshed on YPG agar medium
- 10 g / 1 glycerol 10 g / 1 L-fucitol
- 0.3 g / 1 yeast extract 0.3 g / 1 peptone
- 20 g / 1 CaCO 2 pH 6.5
- the cells were seeded and cultured in a test tube at 30 ° C for 42 hours. Dispense 1 ml each of the obtained culture solution, obtain cells by centrifugation, and then use 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), or Washing was performed using 0.1 M glycine NaOH buffer (pH 8.8). Resuspend the washed cells in 0.5 ml of each washing solution, add L-fucitol to a final concentration of 10 g / 1, and incubate at 30 ° C for 66 hours using a 96-well microplate with a volume of 2 ml per 1 ⁇ l. I let it. After the reaction, the cells were removed from the reaction solution by centrifugation, and the supernatant was analyzed by HPLC. Figure 3 shows the analysis results. In the figure, NT indicates that the experiment was not performed.
- Example 6 Attempt to reduce by-product (BP) during production of L-fuculose from L-fucitol 2;
- G. oxydans IF03255 strain was used as the test strain.
- the plate was washed with a 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0). 0.5 ml of washed cells Resuspend in the same buffer, add L fucitol to a final concentration of 10 g / 1, and EDTA or MgCl to a final concentration of 10 mM, and use a 96-well microplate with a volume of 2 ml per well.
- a 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 6.0.
- the reaction was performed at 30 ° C for 90 hours. After the reaction, the cells are removed from the reaction solution by centrifugation, and the supernatant is removed.
- Example 7 Attempt to reduce by-product (BP) during L-fucrose production due to L-fucitol power 3; disruption of sldA gene
- D-arabitol dehydrogenase is deficient to drastically reduce BP production. Thought it could be eliminated. Based on this hypothesis, we attempted to create a strain deficient in the D-arabitol dehydrogenase described above.
- D-arabitol dehydrogenase present on the cell membrane is sometimes referred to by another name such as glycerol dehydrogenase or D-sorbitol dehydrogenase because of its wide substrate specificity.
- glycerol dehydrogenase or D-sorbitol dehydrogenase because of its wide substrate specificity.
- D-sorbitol dehydrogenase it is called D-sorbitol dehydrogenase, and its gene cloning and nucleotide sequence are determined.
- the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of D-arabitol dehydrogenase is hereinafter referred to as sldA, and the encoded protein is referred to as SldA.
- a method for creating an SldA-deficient strain a method is used in which a DNA fragment lacking the internal partial sequence of sldA is created, introduced into acetic acid bacteria, and homologously recombined with sldA on chromosomal DNA by homologous recombination. I decided.
- the kanamycin resistance gene Kmr was introduced simultaneously with the deletion of the internal sequence deletion fragment of sldA, and growth on a kanamycin-containing medium was performed. Mutants were easily detected.
- the fragment containing the internal sequence of sldA was prepared using primers shown in SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8 (having Kpnl and Pstl recognition sites, respectively). Obtained by PCR.
- the template includes genomic DNA prepared from the Gluconobacter oxydans IF03255 strain, for which the base sequence of sldA has been reported, as well as the force that may be derived from the high homology of the sequence, dalconobacter oxydans (
- a fragment obtained by PCR using acetic acid bacteria genomic DNA as a template was digested and purified with Kpnl and Pstl, and also digested and purified with Kpnl and Pstl by a conventional method.
- PUC18 (Takara Bio
- An E. coli JM109 strain transformed with this plasmid was prepared, cultured, and then the plasmid was extracted and purified, digested with BamHU Bglll, and purified.
- a fragment prepared by PCR from pHSG298 containing Kmr was ligated to obtain a novel plasmid.
- the E. coli JM109 strain was transformed with this plasmid, and after culture, the plasmid was extracted and purified, and further digested and purified with Kpnl and Pstl to obtain a sldA partial sequence fragment into which the Kmr gene was inserted.
- the Kmr gene-inserted sldA partial sequence fragment derived from each of the IF03255 and IF03171 strains was introduced into IF03255 and IF03171 strains, respectively, by electorifice poration (electrode spacing 0.5 mm, 14.0 kV / cm).
- G. oxydans IF03255 sldA Kmr strain
- G. oxydans IF03171 sldA Kmr strain were obtained by selecting strains capable of growing in E. coli.
- FIG. 5 shows the analysis results.
- WT indicates a wild strain
- a SldA indicates a Slda gene-disrupted strain.
- SEQ ID NO: 7 Base sequence of 5 'primer for obtaining internal sequence of sldA
- SEQ ID NO: 8 Base sequence of 3 'primer for obtaining internal sequence of sldA
- SEQ ID NO: 9 Base sequence of 5 'primer for obtaining Kmr gene
- SEQ ID NO: 10 Base sequence of 3 'primer for obtaining Kmr gene
- Example 8 Search for enzyme activity to generate L-fucitol with L-fucitol power 1
- Example 7 it was shown that the enzyme that produces L-fucitol exists in addition to SldA in L-fucitol power, and therefore, it was decided to search for an enzyme activity that catalyzes this activity.
- NAD (P) -dependent dehydrogenase was considered as a candidate for the enzyme.
- NAD (P) -dependent dehydrogenases that catalyze the oxidation of L-fucitol include red algae; D-arabitol dehydrogenase zeka NAD from Gardieria sulphuraria. It is reported that L-fucitol is oxidized in a dependent manner (Planta 202: 487-493).
- Example 9 L-Fucitol conversion reaction using acetic acid bacteria cell-free extract
- Example 8 The cell-free extract obtained in Example 8 was used as an enzyme source, and the added amount was added to the reaction solution so that the final protein concentration became 0, 0.8, 1.6, or 4.0, and 10 g / 1 L fucitol, 0.1 M After standing at 30 ° C for 90 hours with Glycine-NaOH (pH 8.8), 0.03 mM FAD, 1 mg / ml BSA, and 2 mM NAD, the product was analyzed by HPLC.
- Glycine-NaOH pH 8.8
- 0.03 mM FAD 1 mg / ml BSA
- 2 mM NAD the product was analyzed by HPLC.
- NADH used Oxidase is an enzyme that produces NADH, molecular oxygen NAD, and hydrogen peroxide (derived from Bacillus liqueniformis, manufactured by Nacalai Tesque, Inc.). It was expected to be reused in fushitoru shidani.
- the amount of added calo-NADH oxidase was 0.1 U / ml at the final concentration, and catalase at a final concentration of 10 U / ml was also added to consume the generated hydrogen peroxide. Table 5 shows the results.
- L-fucose was produced in a small amount, and L-fucose isomerase activity, which produces L-fucose from L-fucose, was found in the cell-free extract.
- the existence of enzymes such as L-fucitol oxidase was suggested.
- the amount of L-fuculose produced exceeded the amount of added NAD, irrespective of the addition of NAD oxidase. This result was considered to suggest that the activity of converting NADH generated by NAD force due to the oxidation reaction into NAD again exists in the cell-free extract. This activity is considered to be, for example, NADH oxidase activity.
- Example 10 NADH oxidase activity in cell-free extract of acetic acid bacteria
- Example 9 since the presence of NADH oxidase activity (NADH oxidation activity) in the cell-free extract of acetic acid bacteria was suggested, detection of the enzyme activity was attempted.
- NADH oxidation activity was detected at both pH 8.0 and 8.8. Measurements at pH 8.0 also showed that this activity was promoted by the addition of FAD. Many known NADH oxidase activities It has been reported that the activity expression depends on FAD.Therefore, NADH oxidase activity present in the extract used in this experiment is also carried by similar NADH oxidase. The possibility was shown.
- Example 11 Determination of enzyme source cells and culture conditions for enzyme production
- Refresh the stock strain by culturing it for 2 ⁇ at 30 ° C using YPG medium (3 g / 1 peptone, 3 g / 1 yeast extract, 1 g / 1 glycerol, pH 6.5) containing 20 g / 1 agar. I did it.
- the refreshed cells were inoculated into a test tube containing 3 ml of each autoclaved medium, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C for 24 or 66 hours. After completion of the culture, the cells were collected from 3 ml of the culture solution by centrifugation, washed with 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), and suspended by adding 0.3 ml of the same buffer. This was subjected to an ultrasonic crusher to crush the cells, and a centrifuged supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 200,000 ⁇ g for 30 minutes was obtained, which was used as a sample for enzyme activity measurement.
- YPG medium 3 g / 1 peptone,
- FcDH enzyme activity was measured under standard conditions; 0.2 M Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 1 mM
- the measurement was performed three times in succession, and the measurement results were averaged, and are shown together with the standard deviation in the figure.
- Table 7 shows the measurement results.
- G. oxydans IFO 3255 was used as an FcDH-producing strain using the FcDH specific activity per unit protein amount and the amount of activity that also yielded a unit culture volume as an index.
- the culture conditions were 10 g / 1 D-mannitol. , 5 g / 1 yeast extract, 5 g / 1 peptone (pH 6.5), and a culture time of 24 hours.
- G. oxydans IFO 3255 stocks were refreshed by culturing 2 ⁇ at 30 ° C on YPG agar medium. Each of the refreshed cells was autoclaved in A test tube containing 3 ml was inoculated and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C for 18 hours. This was further seeded in a 500 ml Sakaguchi flask containing 100 ml of the same autoclaved medium and seeded at 1% (v / v) and cultured at 30 ° C for 24 hours. After the completion of the culture, the cells were collected by centrifugation, and the cells were washed with 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0).
- Tris-HCl pH 8.0
- 1.2 M (NH) SO 1.2 M
- 1 mM MnCl were dialyzed.
- FcDH eluted at an elution position estimated to have a molecular weight of 102 kDa.
- the fraction containing FcDH activity was collected, concentrated, and the purity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE.
- FcDH was recognized as a single band estimated to have a molecular weight of about 27 kDa (FIG. 6).
- the specific activity of FcDH was increased 520-fold from 0.015 U / mg of the crude extract to 7.8 U / mg.
- the amount of the purified FcDH obtained was 0.60 mg, and the activity recovery was 34% (Table 8).
- G. oxydans IFO 3255 stocks were refreshed by culturing 2 ⁇ at 30 ° C on YPG agar medium.
- the refreshed cells were inoculated into a test tube containing 3 ml of each autoclaved medium, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C. for 18 hours. This was further seeded in a 500 ml Sakaguchi flask containing 100 ml of the same autoclaved medium and seeded at 1% (v / v) and cultured at 30 ° C for 24 hours. After the completion of the culture, the cells were collected by centrifugation, and the cells were washed with 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0).
- the fraction containing NOX activity was collected, concentrated, dialyzed against 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), concentrated, and equilibrated with the same buffer to obtain a 1.5 ml volume. This was supplied to FAD-agarose resin (Sigma). After thoroughly washing the non-adsorbed protein with the same buffer, the adsorbed protein was eluted with a buffer consisting of 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) and 1 mM FAD. By this operation, NOX was specifically adsorbed on the resin and then eluted with a buffer containing FAD. The eluted fraction was collected, concentrated, and its purity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. As a result, NOX was recognized as a single band estimated to have a molecular weight of about 15 kDa (Fig. 7).
- the purified NOX solution was superdex 200 equilibrated with 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0).
- NOX eluted at the elution position estimated to have a molecular weight of 34 kDa.
- a sample that had been purified by SDS-PAGE into a single band and further treated with Superdex 200 16/60 was used as a purified enzyme preparation.
- the reaction was performed at 30 ° C with a solution consisting of 1.1 / z g / ml purified FcDH.
- FIG. 9 shows the residual activity of FcDH at each pH at which the measuring power was also obtained, as a percentage of the residual activity at pH 7.2 at which the maximum stability was exhibited. At a pH of about 5 to 10, a residual activity of 80% or more was observed.
- FcDH showed various sugar alcohol oxidizing activities in addition to L-fucitol, and the k / K value was D-arabitol> L-fucitol> xylitol> D-sorbitol cat m
- FIG. 12 shows the results of measuring the specific activity of purified FcDH.
- D-arabitol and L-fucitol substrate inhibition was observed at high substrate concentrations .
- FIGS. 12 (C) and (D) show the results of (A) and (B), respectively, in a Lineweaver-Burk plot.
- the K and k values were determined from the range where no inhibition of the substrate m cat was observed, that is, from the straight lines shown by broken lines in FIGS. 12 (C) and (D). Therefore, in the case of these substrates, k and K values were determined within a substrate concentration at which this inhibitory effect was not observed.
- the oxidation product from L fucitol was L fucose, but the oxidation products of other substrates were examined.
- the substrates used were D-arabitol, D-manitol and D-sorbitol, 0.5 g / dl substrate, 50 mM Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 1 mM NAD, 30 mM FAD, 5 mM MgCl, 0.6 U / ml
- a reaction solution containing purified FcDH, 0.2 U / ml NOX, and 0.1 mg / ml catalase was reacted at 30 ° C. for 16 hours and analyzed by HPLC (FIG. 13).
- D-rabbitol and D-Xylulose were produced from D-arabitol, and D-fructose was produced from D-mannitol.
- D sorbitol identified a product that appeared to be L-Sorbose.
- Example 15 Grasp of various properties of NOX
- the residual activity of NOX at each pH obtained from the measurement is shown in FIG. 16 as a percentage of the residual activity at pH 8.8 at which the maximum stability was exhibited. At a pH of about 6 to 11, a residual activity of 80% or more was observed.
- Purified NOX solution is incubated at 0, 25, 30, 37, 50 and 60 ° C for 30 min. After the incubation, NOX was diluted to a final concentration of 0.055 ⁇ g / ml, reacted under standard conditions, and the residual NOX activity was measured. The residual activity of NOX at each temperature at which the measurement power was also obtained is shown in FIG. 18 as a percentage of the residual activity when allowed to stand at 0 ° C. Up to 50 ° C, 80% or more of the remaining activity was observed.
- the solution consisting of EDTA, DTT and purified NOX is placed on Tris-HC1 (pH 8.0), the solution containing purified NOX and various flavin coenzyme caps for 30 min on ice, and then NADH is added. Response has begun.
- the flavin concentration in the reaction solution was adjusted to 0 to 300 M, and the others were adjusted to the standard activity measurement conditions. The results are shown in FIG. As a result, the FAD, Riboflavin, and FMNO used, and the NOX-activating effect was observed in the gaps. The effect was almost the same for FAD and Riboflavin, and relatively weak for FMN.
- the partial amino acid sequence of the purified FcDH and NOX was determined. Both enzymes were subjected to SDS-PAGE, the gel at the position where the band was observed was cut out, and the protein contained in the gel was used as a sample, which was obtained by fragmentation by trypsin treatment and separation by reverse phase HPLC according to a conventional method. Some of the fractions were subjected to a protein sequencer. The obtained sequences are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 11 to 14.
- Genomic DNA prepared from 3255 by a conventional method was used as type III, and a PCR reaction was performed. After purifying the obtained fragment, the nucleotide sequence was analyzed by a DNA sequencer. As a result, a DNA sequence encoding the peptide sequence obtained in Example 16 was found in the obtained PCR product.
- a positive clone was obtained by Southern hybridization and colony hybridization using the DNA fragment as a probe according to a conventional method.
- a plasmid was prepared from the obtained clone, its DNA sequence was analyzed, and the FcDH-encoding gene (fcdh) consisting of 774 base (including the termination codon) shown in SEQ ID NO: 15 and 474 base (termination) shown in SEQ ID NO: 17 A NOX-encoding gene (nox) was obtained.
- the sequence The entire amino acid sequence of FcDH consisting of 257 residues shown in No. 16 and NOX consisting of 157 residues shown in SEQ ID No. 18 was determined. This contained the peptide sequence determined in Example 6.
- Amino acid sequence power The estimated molecular weight was 27.522 Da for FcDH and 16,777 Da for NOX, which were almost identical to the molecular weights estimated by SDS-PAGE.
- PCR was performed using genomic DNA of G. oxydans IFO 3255 strain as a template and synthetic primers shown in SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20, to obtain a 858 bp fragment containing the fcdh gene.
- the obtained PCR product was digested with EcoRI and Pstl, and inserted into a corresponding position of plasmid pUC18 (Takara Bio Inc.) to prepare a plasmid PFEX3052 for FcDH expression.
- PCR was performed using the genomic DNA of G. oxydans IFO 3255 as a template and the synthetic primers shown in SEQ ID NOS: 21 and 22 to obtain a 605 bp fragment containing the nox gene. Fragment was obtained.
- the obtained PCR product was digested with Pstl and Hindlll, and inserted into a corresponding position of plasmid PFEX3052 to prepare a plasmid for co-expression of FcDH and NOX PFNEX4105.
- PCR was carried out using this plasmid pFNEX4105 as a template and the synthetic primers shown in SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 23, to obtain a 1390 bp fragment containing a gene fragment in which the fcdh gene and the nox gene were tandemly linked. .
- the obtained PCR product was digested with EcoRI and Kpnl, and inserted into the corresponding position of plasmid pUC18 to prepare pFNEX4502.
- genomic DNA obtained from E. coli W3110 strain by a conventional method was used as a template, and based on the foci gene sequence described in Accession No. NC_000913, SEQ ID NO: 24 PCR was performed using the synthetic primers shown in and 25 to obtain a 1873 bp fragment containing the foci gene.
- the obtained PCR product was digested with Kpnl and Sail, and inserted into the corresponding position of plasmid PFNEX4502 to prepare plasmid PFNIEX5706 for co-expression of FcDH, NOX and Fuel.
- a plasmid pIEX11 for expressing fuel alone was prepared. This is achieved by obtaining the Fuel gene by PCR using the synthetic primers shown in SEQ ID NOs: 26 and 27 in the same manner as described above, digesting the resulting product with EcoRI and Pstl, and inserting it into the corresponding position of plasmid pUC18. Created. [0186] Escherichia coli JM109 (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) was transformed with each of the constructed plasmids pFEX3052, pFNEX4105, pFNIEX5706 and pIEXll, and the FcDH expression strain E.
- the washed cells were resuspended in 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), disrupted by sonication (200 W, 10 minutes), and centrifuged at 14,000 g for 15 minutes to obtain a supernatant.
- Tris-HCl pH 8.0
- sonication 200 W, 10 minutes
- centrifuged 14,000 g for 15 minutes to obtain a supernatant.
- FIG. 21 shows the SDS-PAGE analysis results of the cell-free extracts obtained from E. coli / pUC18, E. coli / pIEXll, E. coli / pFEX3052, E. coli / pFNEX4105, and E. coli / pFNIEX5706, respectively.
- Fuel is E. coli / pIEXll
- FcDH is E. coli / pFEX3052
- E. coli / pFNEX4105 FcDH and NOX were produced, and in E. coli / pFNIEX5706, Fucl, FcDH and NOX were produced, and bands were observed at the corresponding molecular weight positions.
- this cell-free extract was further subjected to ultracentrifugation at 200,000 g for 30 min, and the obtained supernatant was used as a material.
- the fraction containing NOX activity was collected, concentrated, and then subjected to Superdex 200 16/60 equilibrated with 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) to collect the fraction containing NOX activity. After concentration, the purity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and as a result, rNOX was recognized as a single band estimated to have a molecular weight of about 15 kDa (Fig. 23).
- FcDH, NOX, and Fuel activities were measured in cell-free extracts obtained from E. coli / pUC18, E. coli / pIEXll, E. coli / pFEX3052, E. coli / pFNEX4105, and E. coli / pFNIEX5706, respectively. Table 12).
- the activity of the purified rFcDH and rNOX purified samples was also measured, and the specific activity of rFcDH was 11.1 U / mg and the specific activity of rNOX was 175 U / mg. This value was considered to be approximately the same as the specific activity of purified FcDH prepared from G. oxydans, 7.8 U / mg, and the specific activity of purified NOX, 196 U / mg.
- the Fuel activity was measured as follows. An enzyme solution is appropriately added to 0.1 M L-fucose, 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) and 5 mM MgCl, and the reaction is performed at 30 ° C.
- the amount of L-fuculose produced by isomerization of L-fucose was calculated by measuring by HPLC. The activity was determined from the initial velocity in the range where the amount of produced L-fucrose did not exceed 3 mM. The activity of isomerizing 1 / z mol of L-fucose per minute at 30 ° C. for 1 minute to generate L fucose was defined as 1 U as Fuel activity.
- FucIH6 prepared from QE30FucIH6 was used.
- enzymes having NOX activity include H 0
- H0 is generated, and H0 is generally avoided because it inhibits many enzyme activities.
- catalase an enzyme that converts HO to H20, was also performed.
- the enzyme used was a commercial enzyme sample (Nacalai Tesque, Bovine Liver). Standard reaction conditions include 62 mM L-Fucitol, 0.1 M Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 2 mM NAD, 30 FAD, 1 mM MgCl, 0.1 U / ml purified FcDH, 0.1 U / ml purified NOX,
- a reaction solution of 0.2 mg / ml purified FudH6 and 0.1 mg / ml catalase was reacted with shaking at 30 ° C, sampled as appropriate, and L-fucitol, L-fucose and L-fucose were quantified by HPLC.
- Table 13 shows the results of the analysis and the results of the analysis 48 hours after the reaction.
- Fig. 24 shows the conversion time course in each experimental section.
- ⁇ open circles indicate L-fucose
- ⁇ open triangles indicate L-fucitol concentration.
- B is the standard condition (62 mM L-Fucitol, 0.1 M Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 2 mM NAD, 30 ⁇ M FAD, 1 mM MgCl, 0.1 U / ml
- the results are for purified FcDH, 0.1 U / ml purified NOX, 0.2 mg / ml purified FucIH6, 0.1 mg / ml force tarase).
- A shows the results with no enzyme added
- C shows the results without FudH6,
- D shows the results without FcDH
- E shows the results without NOX
- F shows the results without catalase.
- ⁇ open circles indicate L-fucose
- ⁇ open triangles indicate L-fucitol concentration.
- A is the standard condition (120 mM Fucitol, 0.1 M Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 2 mM NAD, 30 ⁇ M FAD, 1 mM MgCl, 1 U / ml
- the results are for purified rFcDH, 1 U / ml purified rNOX, 0.2 mg / ml purified FucIH6, 0.1 mg / ml force tarase).
- B shows the results without NAD,
- C without FAD,
- D without phytase, and
- E without FudH6.
- NAD H
- 2 mM NAD was able to generate approximately 100 mM L-fucrose from L-fucitol.
- the produced L-fucose was converted into L-fucose, and as a result, L-fucose could be produced from L-fucitol.
- the effect of adding catalase was observed in the same manner as in 20-1 above.
- Example 21 Conversion of L-fucitol by recombinant E. coli cell reaction
- H0 which may be derived from NOX activity, inhibits the conversion of L-Fudtol.
- the obtained PCR product was digested with Sall and Pstl, and inserted into a corresponding position of plasmid pSTV28 (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) to prepare a KatE expression plasmid pKEX5804. Furthermore, the E. coli / pFNIEX5706 strain was transformed with this plasmid, and a strain carrying both the PFNIEX5706 and pCEX8401 plasmids
- E.coli / FNIC7001 strain was prepared.
- This strain was refreshed by culturing it at 37 ° C on an LBZAmp + Cm (chloramphenecol, 0.03 mg / ml) plate. Liquid culture was performed at 37 ° C using LBZAmp + Cm liquid medium. After inoculation of the refreshed cells, IPTG having a final concentration of 1 mM was added, and the cells were cultured for 6 to 18 hours, and then collected by centrifugation. The collected cells were washed with a 25 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) and used in subsequent experiments. In addition, instead of LB medium, TB medium (12 g / 1 trypton, 24 g / 1 yeast extract, 4 g / 1 glycerol, 2.3 g / 1 KH
- Example 23 Measurement of enzyme activity in cell-free extract of E. coli / FNIC7001 strain
- the activity was calculated from the initial speed, which was defined as the change in absorbance during the first minute of the initial reaction.
- An experimental section to which no enzyme source was added at the time of measurement was also prepared and used as a blank value.
- the activity that consumes 1 ⁇ mol of ⁇ 0 per minute at 30 ° C. as the KatE activity was defined as 1 U.
- Table 16 shows the determined enzyme activities. At any of the culture temperatures of 30 ° C and 37 ° C, it was confirmed that the E. coli / FNIC7001 strain having PKEX5804 had higher KatE activity than E. coli / pFNIEX5706.
- Example 24 Conversion of L-fucitol by E.coli / FNIC7001 strain
- an L. fucitol conversion experiment was performed using a washed intact cell of the E. coli / FNIC7001 strain cultured at 27 30 33 or 37 ° C. Reaction was performed with 380 mM L-Fucitol, 0.2 M Gly-NaOH (pH 9.5), 50 ⁇ M riboflavin, 1 mM MnCl
- the cells were cultured at 27 (Fig. A), 30 (Fig. B), 33 (Fig. C) or 37 ° C (Fig. D).
- the present invention is suitable for industrial production of L-fucose.
- the present invention is expected to contribute to various fields using L-fucose.
- SEQ ID NO: 17 NOX coding gene base sequence of nox
- SEQ ID NO: 24 5 'primer for obtaining foci SEQ ID NO: 25: 3 'primer for fod acquisition
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05720936A EP1743943A4 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-16 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING L-FUCULOSE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING L-FUCOSE |
| JP2006511058A JP4775258B2 (ja) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-16 | L−フクロースの製造方法およびl−フコースの製造方法 |
| US11/532,618 US7575910B2 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2006-09-18 | Method for producing L-fuculose and method for producing L-fucose |
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| JP2004077117 | 2004-03-17 | ||
| JP2004-077117 | 2004-03-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| US11/532,618 Continuation US7575910B2 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2006-09-18 | Method for producing L-fuculose and method for producing L-fucose |
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| PCT/JP2005/004701 Ceased WO2005087941A1 (ja) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-03-16 | L−フクロースの製造方法およびl−フコースの製造方法 |
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| US (1) | US7575910B2 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019101629A1 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Jennewein Biotechnologie Gmbh | Process for the purification of l-fucose from a fermentation broth |
| US10428361B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2019-10-01 | Basf Se | Biocatalytic production of l-fucose |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4452914B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-08 | 2010-04-21 | 味の素株式会社 | 新規トランスポータタンパク質 |
| JP4655539B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-06 | 2011-03-23 | 味の素株式会社 | アシラーゼを用いたβアミノ酸の製造方法 |
| JP4877227B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-20 | 2012-02-15 | 味の素株式会社 | L−セリン誘導体の製造方法およびこれに用いる酵素 |
| JP4806963B2 (ja) | 2005-05-20 | 2011-11-02 | 味の素株式会社 | β−ヒドロキシアミノ酸の製造方法およびこれに用いる酵素 |
| RU2007147436A (ru) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт Аджиномото-Генетика" (ЗАО АГРИ) (RU) | Бактерия-продуцент (2s,3r,4s)-4-гидрокси-l-изолейцина и способ продукции (2s,3r,4s)-4-гидрокси-l-изолейцина |
| JP5532928B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-18 | 2014-06-25 | 味の素株式会社 | セリン誘導体の製造方法及びこれに用いるタンパク質 |
| DE112009001080T5 (de) * | 2008-05-12 | 2011-03-03 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Verfahren zum Herstellen von β-Alanylaminosäure oder eines Derivats davon |
Citations (1)
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| WO2002006506A1 (de) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-24 | Novabiotec Dr. Fechter Gmbh | Verfahren zur enzymatischen herstellung von seltenen monosacchariden, insbesondere von tagatose |
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| JPS5951798A (ja) | 1982-08-10 | 1984-03-26 | ヘキスト・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | ラムノ−スまたはフコ−スの製法 |
| JPS6157520A (ja) | 1984-08-29 | 1986-03-24 | Kibun Food Chemiphar:Kk | フコイダン純度の高い溶液又は、フコイダンの製造方法 |
| JP3194160B2 (ja) | 1992-05-08 | 2001-07-30 | 株式会社林原生物化学研究所 | L−タガトースの製造方法 |
| JP3132913B2 (ja) | 1992-09-11 | 2001-02-05 | キッコーマン株式会社 | L−フコースデヒドロゲナーゼ遺伝子、新規な組み換え体dna及びl−フコースデヒドロゲナーゼの製造法 |
| ES2284162T3 (es) | 1995-02-27 | 2007-11-01 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | D-sorbitol dehidrogenasa. |
| US6713287B1 (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 2004-03-30 | The Scripps Research Institute | Enzymatic synthesis of L-fucose and L-fucose analogs |
| JPH1135591A (ja) | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Masakuni Tako | オキナワモズクから分離したフコイダンからのl−フコ ースの製造とそれの製造法 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-16 WO PCT/JP2005/004701 patent/WO2005087941A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-16 EP EP05720936A patent/EP1743943A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-16 JP JP2006511058A patent/JP4775258B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002006506A1 (de) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-24 | Novabiotec Dr. Fechter Gmbh | Verfahren zur enzymatischen herstellung von seltenen monosacchariden, insbesondere von tagatose |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP1743943A4 * |
| SEEMANN E. ET AL: "Structure and mechanism of L-fucose isomerase from Escherichia coli.", JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY., vol. 273, no. 1, 1997, pages 256 - 268, XP004461405 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10428361B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2019-10-01 | Basf Se | Biocatalytic production of l-fucose |
| WO2019101629A1 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Jennewein Biotechnologie Gmbh | Process for the purification of l-fucose from a fermentation broth |
| US11732282B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2023-08-22 | Chr. Hansen HMO GmbH | Process for the purification of L-fucose from a fermentation broth |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP4775258B2 (ja) | 2011-09-21 |
| EP1743943A4 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| JPWO2005087941A1 (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
| US20070026504A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
| EP1743943A1 (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| US7575910B2 (en) | 2009-08-18 |
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