Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal

Definitions

• the present invention ralates to a reinforcing composite rod or bar for reinforcing materials such as concrete, the rod being made from continous fibers and a matrix material.
• the reinforcing bar may be formed in a forming process by pultruding, extrusion or moulding, or a combination of these, of continuous fibres and matrix (resin) in a one-line process or in combination with a second-line process, forming a surface texture and geometry designed specially to achieve sufficient bond to the materials which to be strengthen.
• Materials that could be strengthen by use of the bars are like metals, concrete, wood, plastic, stone, ceramic.
• the surface is divided into texture zones of corners and sideband, and depending on the radiuses and widths respectively, the geometry can be varied and specialised and geared to the product to be strengthen.
• the bar is made in the forming process with at least 50% reinforcing fibres by weight and a matrix which impregnates the fibres through a bath, spray injection or pressure.
• the surface texture is applied in the forming process line by use of rip off sheet, mechanically by rollers or continuous running bands in or outside the tool(s) for forming and curing of the bars.
• the texture surface of the bars can also be applied as an external layer in a separate process of moulding, extruding or pultrusion, after which the geometry of the bar is formed in the main forming process as described above.
• Composite bars of the above type is used for the strengthening and stiffening of different products and constructions made of materials like metal, concrete, wood, plastics, stone, ceramic and combinations of these where sufficient bond between the bars and materials is required to achieve structural functionality.
• the reinforcing material according to the present invention is a continuous fibre and matrix composite often called FRP (Fibre Reinforced Polymer) which is being used in a variety of construction materials due to excellent and flexible physical material properties such as high specific strength, light weight, none or low electric conductivity, non-magnetic properties, high resistance against acids and chlorides or aggressive environments, as well as formability and shaping.
• FRP Fibre Reinforced Polymer
• steel and metals in general are susceptible to oxidation which cause corrosion of and rust on ferrous metals due to hydroxides of iron and oxides from atmospheric oxygen in the presence of water. As long as the pH is maintained at high alkalinity (pH 12 - 14) and in combination with very good poured concrete quality, the steel keep passive leading.
• composite reinforcement bars are previously known and have been used to a minor extent.
• Such known bars are, however, encumbered with a major disadvantage, namely the poor bonding between the product's material (concrete) and the strengthening bar (FRP-bar),
• FRP-bar strengthening bar
• the invention is characterized in that the bar is of rectangular, preferably square shape with êtd corners, as defined in the attached claim 1.
• the sides of the bars may have recesses to increase surface area and bonding.
• a method according to the invention is characterized in that the fibers are impregnated through a bath of resin or throug injection or by pasing through a spraying zone whereby the bar is formed in a forming process, as defined in claim 7.
• FIG. 1 shows a vertical sectional view of a short piece of a bar according to the invention being partly embedded in a concrete
• Fig. 2 a shows, in larger scale, a cross sectional view of the inventive bar
• Fig. 2 b) and 2c) shows side views (of a piece) of the same bar
• Fig. 3 shows a side view of a piece of a bar with a specifc surface texture pattern.
• Fig. 4 shows tables with an overview of different dents or recesses respectively depths of such dents or recesses used in the surface texture patterns.
• the reinforcement bar is intended to be used as strengthening element in constructions or products of any kind of material.
• the bar may be moulded, cured or glued together with any type of other material i.e. but not limited to, concrete structures, wooden structures or elements, any type of plastic products or constructions, structures or products made of metals, or any materials of that kind that need to be strengthen of economic or structural reasons.
• the reinforcement bar (1) according to the present invention may comprise a mixture in any combination of continuous fibres made of glass, carbon, aramid, polyester, ceramic, syntetical fibers, natural fibres or similar, but not limited to these, together with any type of resin systems like thermoplastic resins and thermoset resins which are impregnating the fibres.
• the reinforcement bar (1) shown in Figs. 1 - 3 has a rectangular shape with rounded corners (2) and with continuing bands (3) along each of its sides.
• the composite bar is preferably manufactured of fibres which are impregnated through a bath of a resin or through a injection system where the fibres are sprinkled with a resin system and then formed in the forming process where the fibres and the resin are glued and cured together to the requested geometry, and with the specified outer texture of dents or recesses which may have been mechanically penetrated into the surface, moulded or extruded to the outer surface of the bar and or formed by print off a peel-ply texture or similar on the outer surface.
• the cross section of the reinforcement bar is shown in Figure 2.
• the reinforcement bar according to the invention is designed with rounded corners (corner ⁇ - ), each being defined by an angle (ang ⁇ . ) and a radius (r ⁇ . ), and longitudinal side bands (bands ⁇ . ) that may have defined depths (d ⁇ - ). By combining these parameters the reinforcement bar can be specifiedand specialized for the intended application.
• One further unique design feature of the reinforcement bar according to the invention is the external surface texture and the way that this texture is provided on the bar, as described above. The surface texture defines a roughness which will give sufficient bond between the reinforcement bar and the main material to be strengthened.
• the intention is to use the bars as the strengthening and the reinforcing element of structures and of products where forces from external loads or internal strains will be transfered to internal stresses in the main product material and in the bars.
• This invention makes it possible to produce a reinforcement bar product with a geometry and a roughness as required and defined by testing of the main product, or in accordance with requirements in any design codes or standard defined for its kind, purpose or application. This roughness, i.e. the dents or recesses and their depths, is attained when the parameters defined in Figure 2 are varied within the range defined in Table 1 below to attain the geometry suited for the reguired product.
• the roughness can be applied on the curved corners, comers ⁇ - , the sideway band, band ⁇ . 4 , separately or in any combination.
• the roughness must be defined and applied in accordance with the area of application and in accordance with the necessary requirements of the roughness.
• the roughness may, as an example, be chosen with a pattern as is shown in Figure 3, which defines a system for a principle on how to apply and arrange the location of the centroids (centre of gravity) of the dents or recesses shape types, shown in Figure 4, defined by three lengths, 1 1-3 and the angle, ⁇ .
• the three lengths and the angle forms a triangle where the corners represent the location of the centroids of the dents /recesses which will form the texture pattern shown in Figure 3 and in Figure 4.
• the roughness i.e. the texture pattern of the depressions, may be attained, as described above, by stamping, imprinting, impressing, copy printing of peel-ply texture pattern, texture film, moulding, extrusion or similar.
• the depth must be defined from testing and calculations to achieve the correct bond between the material of the product or structure and the reinforcement bar and may be adjusted and specialized in each case where it is used.
• uppermost and lowermost tables shows examples of designs related to the shapes and depths respectively of the depressions, dents or recesses of the surface texture patterns according to the invention. It should be stressed, however, that the invention is not limited to such designs. Thus the texture patterns and dents or recesses may be of any preferred design and may have different depths, widths and angles than what is shown and described above.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26649341

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2002
  • 2002-02-08 NO NO20020618A patent/NO20020618L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-10-30 EP EP02780192A patent/EP1456484A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-10-30 CA CA002469810A patent/CA2469810A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-10-30 JP JP2003551376A patent/JP2005511861A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-10-30 AU AU2002343263A patent/AU2002343263A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-10-30 CN CN 02824805 patent/CN1271294C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-10-30 WO PCT/NO2002/000393 patent/WO2003050364A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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