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WO2000071341A2 - Procede de doublage - Google Patents

Procede de doublage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000071341A2
WO2000071341A2 PCT/AT2000/000143 AT0000143W WO0071341A2 WO 2000071341 A2 WO2000071341 A2 WO 2000071341A2 AT 0000143 W AT0000143 W AT 0000143W WO 0071341 A2 WO0071341 A2 WO 0071341A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foam
layer
decor
molded
lamination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT2000/000143
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000071341A3 (fr
Inventor
Laszlo Albert
Karl Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magna Eybl GmbH
Original Assignee
Magna Eybl GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna Eybl GmbH filed Critical Magna Eybl GmbH
Publication of WO2000071341A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000071341A2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2000071341A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000071341A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B32B9/025—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch comprising leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
    • B32B2266/0235—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0264—Polyester
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/022—Foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/08—Natural leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2451/00—Decorative or ornamental articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lamination process for the production of molded parts with a decorative surface, in particular for vehicle interiors, by gluing a molded body having a plastic base body with a decor, a molded body having a support layer having a free surface in the lamination area by means of a direct process, for example by means of rear pressing , Injection molding, compression molding or the like.
  • a direct process for example by means of rear pressing , Injection molding, compression molding or the like.
  • an adhesive layer is applied to the free surface of the base layer and a decor is pressed onto the surface of the base layer, and preferably leather, velor fabric or flat weave is used as the material for the decor.
  • the technique of lamination is a process in which a covering material, for example leather, velor, fabric, etc., is applied to a molded part, usually made of plastic, to increase its decorative appearance.
  • a covering material for example leather, velor, fabric, etc.
  • the adhesive is applied to the plastic side of the molding and the decor is pressed on.
  • problem areas such as edges, beads, etc. can lead to undesired detachment of the decor from the molded body, especially if the decorated surface is exposed to high climatic stress, as is particularly the case in vehicle interiors.
  • ABS Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
  • ABS-PC Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Polycarbonate
  • Other plastics have to be pretreated. For example, the surface of the molded body is loosened or roughened by organic solvents, which results in better adhesion of the decor, but requires an additional work step. For geometrically sophisticated parts Additional work step required However, detachment occurs repeatedly with geometrically sophisticated parts.
  • polypropylene could not be used for laminating due to its surface properties and the associated high risk of the decor becoming detached, although this material would be particularly interesting from ecological and economic considerations because it is environmentally friendly and inexpensive to manufacture
  • EP 0 715 970 A2 discloses a lamination process for the production of molded parts with a decorative surface, in particular for vehicle interiors, a molded body with a free non-woven surface being produced in the lamination area by means of a direct process and an adhesive being applied to the non-woven surface of the Vhesform body. A decor is then applied pressed onto the nonwoven, leather, woolen velor or flat weave is preferably used as the decoration.
  • the term direct process includes shaping processes for plastic parts, such as back pressing, back molding, press molds or the like understand which include only a single step
  • No. 4,721,642 A describes a molded part with a decorative surface, which has a molded body produced by a direct process with a free non-woven surface has, on which an adhesive layer is applied. A pile of a multitude of colored polyamide fibers is applied to this adhesive layer in such a way that one end of the fibers adheres to the adhesive layer. Finally, a covering layer made of foamed polyurethane resin is applied to the pile.
  • the fabrication of the pile and cover layers is in any case relatively complex and has numerous intermediate steps.
  • US 3,713,936 A describes a molded part with a thermoplastic lower layer, an inner layer made of one or more mats made of cotton wool and a fabric layer.
  • the inner layer made of cotton is connected to the fabric layer by gluing.
  • a low-melting thermoplastic material is applied to the other side of the cotton layer, the raw molded part is heated and placed in a mold, the molded part taking on its corresponding shape through melting and solidification of the thermoplastic material.
  • This manufacturing process is also relatively complex and has many intermediate steps.
  • a molded part for a vehicle door with an outer textile fabric layer which has fiber loops, the ends of which are embedded in a substrate layer with thermoplastic fibers.
  • the fabric layer is fused to the substrate layer by melting the thermoplastic fibers under the action of pressure and heat.
  • US Pat. No. 4,445,954 A describes a production method for upholstered decorative linings for vehicle interiors with a decorative one
  • the cladding has a first and a second carrier layer made of thermoplastic fibers, which are arranged on both sides of a core of non-woven synthetic fibers and are connected to this. Furthermore, the cladding has an intermediate layer made of thermoplastic polymer foam and an outer surface layer made of a decorative, padded material. The intermediate layer and the surface layer are placed on top of one another, connected to one another and placed in a heatable mold. The two carrier layers and the core are then heated in order to melt the thermoplastic fibers and then placed in the mold on the polymer foam intermediate layer. The entire assembly is heated and pressed in the mold, connecting the surface layer to the base layer. After the cladding has cooled, it has the appropriate shape. This manufacturing process is also very complicated.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to develop a simple laminating process for molded parts with a so-called soft-touch effect, in which a firm adhesion of the decor to the substrate is ensured even under high climatic conditions.
  • this is achieved in that a foam is used for the base layer.
  • a foam intermediate layer is glued to the decor and the decorative foam composite has to be glued to a separately produced nonwoven molded body in order to achieve a firm connection between the decor and the nonwoven molded body.
  • the foam can be connected to the plastic base body 1a in a direct process during the production thereof. The foam can thus take on the function of a base layer for the direct process.
  • a molded body, which has a foam layer, is thus first produced by one of the known direct processes for the production of molded plastic parts and finally, in a further manufacturing step, the decor is pressed onto the foam side of the molded body.
  • the proposed lamination process is much simpler and essentially only has two process steps.
  • the adhesive can adhere to the large and rough surface of the
  • Foam which preferably consists of polyurethane, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyether or polyester, combine excellently, so that a very good cohesion between the molded body and the decor is made possible. From a technical and commercial point of view, it is with the method according to the invention It is particularly advantageous that the production of both decorated and undecorated, that is to say laminated, molded parts is possible in the same tool. In addition to saving costs by eliminating the need for an additional tool, this also increases production flexibility. Molded parts with a wide variety of decorative surfaces can thus be produced in one tool.
  • the component produced for example an interior trim part for a motor vehicle, can be processed particularly cleanly at transition and edge areas, since any protruding foam can be removed here before lamination with the decorative material. A fold can therefore only be formed by the decorative material. This is not possible in the known version, where a decorative foam composite is used.
  • any thermoplastically processable injection molding material such as ABS or ABS-PC
  • ABS or ABS-PC can be used as the plastic for the direct process.
  • the adhesion of the adhesive and thus the decoration to the foam is so high according to the method according to the invention that even polypropylene can be used.
  • the lamination is extremely inexpensive to manufacture and allows environmentally friendly production.
  • the recycling of old products is unproblematic due to the polypropylene content.
  • a foam is used which is provided on at least one side with a fleece lamination, to which the plastic forming the base body is applied in a direct process.
  • the fleece lamination permits the use of foams which are more sensitive to heat without the risk of damage during the production of the molded body 1.
  • the second side of the foam is also provided with a fleece lamination.
  • All common adhesive systems such as hot melt, dispersion solvent-containing adhesives or two-component adhesives can be used as adhesives in the process according to the invention be used.
  • any type of decor can be used, but the best results can be achieved with leather, suede or flat fabrics.
  • the figure schematically shows an embodiment of a molded part F according to the invention.
  • the molded body 1 of the molded part F consists of a plastic base body 1a, which is firmly connected to a support layer 1b made of foam.
  • a decor 3 is firmly connected to the base layer 1 b of the molded body 1 via an adhesive layer 2.
  • the foam can be laminated with a non-woven layer at least on one side.
  • This fleece layer is located between the foam and the plastic base body, so that it forms a firm connection with the carrier layer via the fleece layer during its manufacturing process.
  • a foam provided on one or both sides with a fleece lamination is available as a roll.
  • the laminating process for producing the molded part F has the following process steps:
  • a base layer 1 b consisting of foam or fleece-coated foam to form a shaped body 1.
  • the method can be used to produce a soft-touch effect on molded parts F with a decorative surface in a very simple manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de doublage servant à produire une pièce moulée F et comprenant les étapes suivantes : surmoulage par injection, surmoulage par compression ou moulage par compression d'une couche support (1b) présentant de la mousse, pour former un corps moulé (1); application d'une couche de colle (2) sur la surface libre de la couche support (1b) et collage sur cette dernière d'un élément décoratif (3) constitué de préférence de cuir. Ce procédé permet de manière très simple de conférer un toucher moelleux (soft touch) à des pièces moulées F présentant une surface décorative.
PCT/AT2000/000143 1999-05-20 2000-05-22 Procede de doublage Ceased WO2000071341A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA901/99 1999-05-20
AT0090199A AT407237B (de) 1999-05-20 1999-05-20 Kaschierverfahren

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000071341A2 true WO2000071341A2 (fr) 2000-11-30
WO2000071341A3 WO2000071341A3 (fr) 2002-10-03

Family

ID=3502457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2000/000143 Ceased WO2000071341A2 (fr) 1999-05-20 2000-05-22 Procede de doublage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT407237B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000071341A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10231131A1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2004-02-05 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Airbagabdeckung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Airbagabdeckung
WO2007022795A1 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Esfandiar Rahim Azar-Pey Composite constitue de cuir et d'un materiau supplementaire
CN103241048A (zh) * 2013-04-26 2013-08-14 长城汽车股份有限公司 制件表面纹理快速成形的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014010478A1 (de) * 2014-07-15 2016-01-21 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Halbzeugs für ein Sandwichbauteil, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sandwichbauteils sowie Sandwichbauteil
CN105916687B (zh) 2013-12-17 2018-05-18 戴姆勒股份公司 用来制造夹层构件的方法以及夹层构件

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DE3522612A1 (de) * 1985-06-25 1987-01-08 Veenendaal Schaumstoff Polsterung fuer federkernsitze und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
DE3525417A1 (de) * 1985-07-12 1987-01-22 Kiss G H Schaumkaschiertes formteil und verfahren zum herstellen dieses formteils
JPS644555A (en) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-09 Kanebo Textile Kk Complex interior material for vehicle and manufacture thereof
JPS6482934A (en) * 1987-09-24 1989-03-28 Sunstar Engineering Inc Foamed sheet for leather mode vacuum molding
US4851283A (en) * 1988-12-05 1989-07-25 Monsanto Company Headliners having improved sound-absorbing characteristics
US5254402A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-10-19 Toray Industries, Inc. Molding laminate
JPH05229024A (ja) * 1992-02-25 1993-09-07 Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd 自動車用ドアトリム及びその製造方法
ATA20593A (de) * 1993-02-05 1998-08-15 Greiner & Soehne C A Fahrzeugsitz, insbesondere für flugzeuge
JPH06246858A (ja) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd 内装材及びその製造方法
JPH07214672A (ja) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-15 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 積層シートの製造方法
JPH08268058A (ja) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-15 Sanwa Kogyo Kk サンバイザー及びその製造方法
JPH0929875A (ja) * 1995-07-20 1997-02-04 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 自動車内装材用発泡積層シート及びその製造方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10231131A1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2004-02-05 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Airbagabdeckung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Airbagabdeckung
US7014209B2 (en) 2002-07-10 2006-03-21 Lisa Draxlmaier Gmbh Airbag cover and method for manufacturing an airbag cover
DE10231131B4 (de) * 2002-07-10 2014-08-28 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Armaturenbrett für ein Fahrzeug
DE10231131C5 (de) * 2002-07-10 2020-01-09 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Armaturenbrett für ein Fahrzeug
WO2007022795A1 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Esfandiar Rahim Azar-Pey Composite constitue de cuir et d'un materiau supplementaire
CN103241048A (zh) * 2013-04-26 2013-08-14 长城汽车股份有限公司 制件表面纹理快速成形的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000071341A3 (fr) 2002-10-03
ATA90199A (de) 2000-06-15
AT407237B (de) 2001-01-25

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