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US20130220309A1 - Thermal receiver and solar thermal power generation device - Google Patents

Thermal receiver and solar thermal power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130220309A1
US20130220309A1 US13/860,608 US201313860608A US2013220309A1 US 20130220309 A1 US20130220309 A1 US 20130220309A1 US 201313860608 A US201313860608 A US 201313860608A US 2013220309 A1 US2013220309 A1 US 2013220309A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat absorption
heat
absorption body
thermal receiver
thermal
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US13/860,608
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English (en)
Inventor
Kazutaka Majima
Masataka Kato
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Ibiden Co Ltd
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Ibiden Co Ltd
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Filing date
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Assigned to IBIDEN CO., LTD. reassignment IBIDEN CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KATO, MASATAKA, MAJIMA, KAZUTAKA
Publication of US20130220309A1 publication Critical patent/US20130220309A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F24S70/16—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of ceramic; made of concrete; made of natural stone
    • F24J2/484—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/066—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle of the Organic Rankine Cycle [ORC] type or the Kalina Cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/071—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with energy storage devices
    • F24J2/242—
    • F24J2/51—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/72—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits being integrated in a block; the tubular conduits touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/80—Solar heat collectors using working fluids comprising porous material or permeable masses directly contacting the working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal receiver and a solar thermal power generation device.
  • solar thermal power generation As a power generation method using the sun, solar thermal power generation is known.
  • the solar thermal power generation for example, light radiated from the sun is collected using reflecting mirrors or the like, and a vapor turbine is driven using obtained solar heat, thereby generating power.
  • greenhouse effect gases such as carbon dioxide
  • the solar thermal power generation since greenhouse effect gases, such as carbon dioxide, are not generated during power generation and heat can be stored, power generation is possible even under cloudy weather conditions or at night. Therefore, the solar thermal power generation has been paid attention as a future promising method of power generation.
  • the method of the solar thermal power generation can be roughly classified into two types, a trough type and a tower type.
  • the tower-type solar thermal power generation refers to a power generation method in which solar light is concentrated and collected at a thermal receiver present in a tower installed at the center portion using a number of plane mirrors called heliostats, and power is generated using the heat.
  • the thermal receiver can be heated to approximately 1000° C. Therefore, the tower-type solar thermal power generation has a favorable thermal efficiency.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,003,508 discloses a receiver in which a heat absorption body, which is made of silicon carbide, or silicon and silicon carbide, and has a number of gas flow paths for the circulation of a heat medium, is supported and fixed by a funnel-shaped support body.
  • a heat medium made of air or a gas mixture including the air is circulated through the flow paths in the heated heat absorption body, whereby the heat medium can obtain heat.
  • the tower-type solar thermal power generation water is boiled and vaporized using the obtained heat, and a vapor turbine is driven, thereby generating power.
  • a thermal receiver includes a heat absorption body and a support body.
  • the heat absorption body is made of at least one honeycomb unit having a plurality of flow paths arranged for circulation of a heat medium.
  • the support body supports the heat absorption body and allows circulation of the heat medium.
  • the heat absorption body includes silicon carbide and is supported at a position away from an inner surface of the support body by a predetermined distance.
  • a solar thermal power generation device includes the thermal receiver.
  • FIG. 1A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a thermal receiver according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line A-A illustrated in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating cross-sectional area A and cross-sectional area B used for computing an area proportion of a heat insulating region.
  • FIG. 3A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a thermal receiver according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line B-B illustrated in FIG. 3A .
  • FIG. 4A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a thermal receiver according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line C-C illustrated in FIG. 4A .
  • FIG. 5A is a front view schematically illustrating a receiver array that configures a solar thermal power generation device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the receiver array cut along the line C-C illustrated in FIG. 5A .
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically illustrating the solar thermal power generation device according to the fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of samples in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 1 of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 1 of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of samples in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative example 2 of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative example 2 of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of samples in Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative example 3 of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative example 3 of the invention.
  • a thermal receiver used in a solar thermal power generation device including
  • a heat absorption body made of one or multiple honeycomb units having multiple flow paths arranged in parallel for circulation of a heat medium, and a support body which supports the heat absorption body and allows circulation of the heat medium, in which the heat absorption body is configured to include silicon carbide, and is supported a predetermined distance away from an inner surface of the support body.
  • the heat absorption body is supported a predetermined distance away from the inner surface of the support body, it is possible to use a space between the heat absorption body and the support body as a heat insulating layer, and to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body to the support body.
  • the heat absorption body is configured to include silicon carbide, thermal conductivity is high.
  • the heat absorption body is excellent in terms of thermal resistance, cracking and the like do not occur easily, and obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium.
  • silicon carbide is stable even at 1600° C. in the atmosphere, performances of the heat absorption body are hard to change even in long-term use.
  • the heat absorption body can be firmly supported and fixed by fixing members provided in the support body.
  • an air layer can be present between the heat absorption body and the support body excluding the fixing members.
  • the air layer functions as the heat insulating layer, and it is possible to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body to the support body.
  • an inorganic heat insulating member can be interposed between the heat absorption body and the support body.
  • the inorganic heat insulating member functions as the heat insulating layer. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body to the support body, to firmly hold the heat absorption body using the inorganic heat insulating member, and to stably use the heat absorption body for a long period of time.
  • the holding material can be made of an alumina-silica fiber, an alumina fiber or a silica fiber.
  • the holding material has an excellent heat insulating property and thermal resistance. Therefore, the holding material is not fused even when the temperature of the heat absorption body increases to approximately 1000° C. Therefore, the thermal receiver can hold the heat insulating property, firmly hold the heat absorption body, and be stably used for a long period of time.
  • the thermal receiver can be made of an alumina-silica fiber in which a composition ratio between alumina and silica (alumina/silica) is 60/40 to 80/20.
  • the holding material has an excellent heat insulating property and thermal resistance so that the holding material may hold the heat insulating property, and firmly hold the heat absorption body without being fused even when the temperature of the heat absorption body increases to approximately 1000° C.
  • a layer having the above proportion functions as the heat insulating layer, and thermal diffusion from the heat absorption body can be prevented.
  • the heat absorption body can be made of porous silicon carbide.
  • the thermal conductivity is high, and the obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium.
  • the heat absorption body can include porous silicon carbide and silicon that fills up the pores in the porous silicon carbide. In such case, the heat absorption body becomes a dense body. When the heat absorption body is a dense body, the heat storing property of the heat absorption body increases. In addition, since the thermal conductivity of the heat absorption body, which is a dense body, is high, the obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium.
  • porosity of the porous silicon carbide can be 35% to 60%, an average pore diameter can be 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and the thermal receiver can have open pores. In such case, silicon smoothly fills up the inside of the pores when filling the silicon.
  • the heat absorption body can be made of dense silica carbide.
  • the heat storing property of the heat absorption body increases.
  • the heat absorption body made of dense silicon carbide has an extremely high thermal conductivity, the obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium.
  • flow paths can be formed in the heat absorption body at 31.0 paths/cm 2 to 93.0 paths/cm 2 , and a thickness of a wall portion between the flow paths in the heat absorption body can be 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the flow paths in the heat absorption body facilitates the circulation of the heat medium, whereby heat is efficiently transferred to the heat medium from the heat absorption body, and, consequently, it is possible to generate power at a high efficiency.
  • FIG. 1A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a thermal receiver according to the first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line A-A illustrated in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 1A is a vertical cross-sectional view cut in parallel with flow paths in honeycomb units that configure a heat absorption body accommodated in the thermal receiver
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-section perpendicular to the flow paths.
  • a thermal receiver 10 is configured to include a heat absorption body 11 , to which multiple honeycomb units 13 having multiple flow paths 13 b arranged in parallel for the circulation of a heat medium 14 are adhered through a seal material layer 15 that functions as an adhesive, and a support body 12 which accommodates and supports the heat absorption body 11 and allows the circulation of the heat medium 14 .
  • a holding material 17 made of an inorganic fiber is interposed between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 , and the heat absorption body 11 is supported and fixed by the support body 12 through the holding material 17 .
  • the heat absorption body 11 is made of one honeycomb unit 13 .
  • the honeycomb unit 13 is made of porous silicon carbide having open pores.
  • the porosity of the porous silicon carbide is desirably 35% to 60%.
  • the porosity of the porous silicon carbide is less than 35%, since some pores are liable to become closed pores, and it becomes difficult for the heat medium to intrude into the pores, the thermal conductivity becomes liable to degrade.
  • the porosity of the porous silicon carbide exceeds 60%, the strength of the honeycomb unit 13 decreases, and the honeycomb unit becomes liable to be broken due to the repetition of the increase and decrease in the temperature of the honeycomb unit 13 (thermal history).
  • the porosity is a value measured using a mercury intrusion method.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide is desirably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide is less than 5 ⁇ m, the pores in the porous silicon carbide are liable to become closed pores, and it becomes difficult for the heat medium to intrude into the pores. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the honeycomb unit 13 becomes liable to decrease.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the mechanical strength of the porous silicon carbide decreases, and, consequently, the strength of the honeycomb unit 13 also decreases.
  • the number of the flow paths 13 b per square centimeter is desirably 31.0 paths/cm 2 to 93.0 paths/cm 2 .
  • the number of the flow paths 13 b in the honeycomb unit 13 is less than 31.0 paths/cm 2 , since the number of the flow paths 13 b in the honeycomb unit 13 is small, it becomes difficult for the honeycomb unit 13 to efficiently exchange heat with the heat medium.
  • the thickness of a wall portion between the flow paths in the honeycomb unit 13 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the thickness of the wall portion in the honeycomb unit 13 is less than 0.1 mm, the mechanical strength of the wall portion in the honeycomb unit 13 decreases, and the honeycomb unit becomes liable to be broken.
  • the thickness of the wall portion in the honeycomb unit 13 exceeds 0.5 mm, since the wall portion in the honeycomb unit 13 becomes too thick, and the circulation amount of the heat medium 14 decreases with respect to the area of the honeycomb unit 13 , the thermal efficiency degrades.
  • the porous silicon carbide is used, but a different porous ceramic can be also used.
  • the other porous ceramics include nitride ceramics, such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride and boron nitride; and carbide ceramics, such as silicon carbide, zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide. The above ceramics have a characteristic of having a high thermal conductivity.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 13 b in the honeycomb unit 13 is rectangular, but the cross-sectional shape of the flow path 13 b is not particularly limited, and may be hexagonal or the like.
  • the cross-sectional figure of the support body 12 illustrated in FIG. 1B is rectangular, but is not particularly limited to be rectangular, and may be hexagonal or the like.
  • the heat absorption body 11 is manufactured using multiple honeycomb units 13 , and the honeycomb units 13 are adhered to each other using adhesive paste including at least one of inorganic particles, an inorganic fiber and an inorganic binder as an adhesive. Therefore, the honeycomb units form the heat absorption body 11 which is made up of multiple honeycomb units 13 and adhesive layers.
  • the adhesive paste may include an organic binder.
  • Examples of the inorganic binder included in the adhesive paste include a silica sol, an alumina sol and the like.
  • the inorganic binder may be used solely or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • a silica sol is desirable.
  • the lower limit of the content of the inorganic binder is desirably 1 weight %, and more desirably 5 weight % in terms of solid content.
  • the upper limit of the content of the inorganic binder is desirably 30 weight %, and more desirably 15 weight % in terms of solid content.
  • the content of the inorganic binder is less than 1 weight % in terms of solid content, the adhesion strength is liable to decrease.
  • the content of the inorganic binder exceeds 30 weight % in terms of solid content, the thermal conductivity of the adhesive layer is liable to decrease.
  • Examples of the organic binder included in the adhesive paste include polyvinyl alcohols, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like.
  • the organic binder may be used solely or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • carboxymethyl cellulose is desirable.
  • the lower limit of the content of the organic binder is desirably 0.1 weight %, and more desirably 0.4 weight % in terms of solid content.
  • the upper limit of the content of the organic binder is desirably 5.0 weight %, and more desirably 1.0 weight % in terms of solid content.
  • the content of the organic binder is less than 0.1 weight % in terms of solid content, the adhesive layer becomes liable to migrate.
  • the content of the organic binder exceeds 5.0 weight % in terms of solid content, the adhesive force between the adhesive layer and the honeycomb unit is liable to decrease.
  • Examples of the inorganic fiber included in the adhesive paste include ceramic fibers, such as silica-alumina, mullite, alumina, and silica; and the like.
  • the inorganic fiber may be used solely or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • an alumina fiber is desirable.
  • the lower limit of the content of the inorganic fiber is desirably 10 weight %, and more desirably 20 weight %.
  • the upper limit of the content of the inorganic fiber is desirably 70 weight %, and more desirably 40 weight %.
  • the content of the inorganic fiber is less than 10 weight %, the elasticity of the adhesive layer becomes liable to decrease.
  • the content of the inorganic fiber exceeds 70 weight %, the thermal conductivity of the adhesive layer is liable to decrease, and the effect as the elastic body becomes liable to degrade.
  • Examples of the inorganic particles included in the adhesive paste include carbides, nitrides and the like. Specific examples include inorganic powder made of silicon carbide, silicon nitride or boron nitride, and the like. The inorganic particles may be used solely or in combination of two or more kinds. Among the inorganic particles, silicon carbide having excellent thermal conductivity is desirable.
  • the lower limit of the content of the inorganic particles is desirably 3 weight %, more desirably 10 weight %, and still more desirably 20 weight %.
  • the upper limit of the content of the inorganic particles is desirably 80 weight %, and more desirably 40 weight %.
  • the content of the inorganic particles is less than 3 weight %, the thermal conductivity of the adhesive layer becomes liable to decrease.
  • the content of the inorganic particles exceeds 80 weight %, the adhesion strength is liable to decrease in a case in which the adhesive layer is exposed to a high temperature.
  • the organic binder included in the adhesive layer is decomposed and eliminated when the temperature of the honeycomb unit 13 increases; however, since the inorganic particles and the like are included in the adhesive layer, it is possible to maintain a sufficient adhesive force.
  • the adhesive layer desirably includes the inorganic particles, the inorganic fiber and the inorganic binder (the solid content of the inorganic binder). Furthermore, the adhesive layer is more desirably formed using adhesive paste including the inorganic particles, the inorganic fiber, the organic binder and the inorganic binder.
  • the support body 12 has a rectangular front cross-sectional shape as illustrated in FIG. 1B , but has an overall shape of a funnel shape. That is, the cross-section of an enlarged portion 12 a , in which the heat absorption body 11 is accommodated and into which the heat medium 14 flows (the cross-section in parallel to the surface of the heat absorption body 11 which receives solar light), has a large area; however, as the cross section is shifted in an exit direction of the heat medium 14 , the area of the cross-section gradually decreases, and the cross-sectional area becomes a substantially constant area at an exit 12 b for the heat medium.
  • the material of the support body 12 is not particularly limited; however, since the heat absorption body 11 reaches approximately 1000° C., the material of the support body 12 needs to have thermal resistance, and therefore a metal or a ceramic is preferable.
  • the metal material examples include iron, nickel, chromium, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, lead, copper, zinc, alloys thereof, and the like.
  • examples of the ceramic include carbide ceramics, such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride and titanium nitride; oxide ceramics, such as silica, alumina, mullite and zirconia; and the like.
  • additional materials of the support body 12 include complexes of a metal and a nitride ceramic, complexes of a metal and a carbide ceramic, and the like.
  • the material of the support body is preferably a ceramic, such as alumina or silicon carbide, in terms of thermal resistance.
  • the holding material 17 is interposed between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 .
  • the holding material 17 is configured of a mat, which is made of an inorganic fiber and has a rectangular shape in the planar view, or by laminating multiple mats.
  • the proportion of the cross-sectional area of the heat insulating region, which is made of the holding material 17 , in the cross-sectional opening area of the support body 12 (hereinafter also referred to as “area proportion of the heat insulating region”), when the cross-sectional area of a surface parallel to the surface of the heat absorption body 11 , to which solar light is radiated, is indicated by A, and the opening area of the support body 12 including the surface parallel to the surface to which solar light is radiated is indicated by B, the area proportion of the heat insulating region, which is represented by the following formula (1), is desirably 5% to 50%,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the cross-sectional area A and the cross-sectional area B, which are used for computing the area proportion of the heat insulating region.
  • the cross-sectional view illustrated in FIG. 1B is used, the outermost outline illustrated in the drawing is the outside outline of the support body 12 , and the inside portion of the outline B inside the outermost outline indicates the opening area B of the support body 12 .
  • the outline A inside the opening area indicates the cross-sectional area A of the heat absorption body 11 . Therefore, the hatching portion illustrates the cross-sectional area of the heat insulating region (B-A), the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes the percentage of the cross-sectional area of the heat insulating region (B-A) with respect to the opening area B of the support body 12 , and forms the formula (1).
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is less than 5%, since the proportion of the heat insulating region of the holding material is too small, it is not possible to sufficiently prevent the diffusion of the heat medium. On the other hand, when the area proportion of the heat insulating region exceeds 50%, the heat insulating effect barely improves even when the area proportion is further increased.
  • the above desirable range of the area proportion of the heat insulating region can be similarly applied to a case in which a different material is used as the heat insulating material or a case in which the heat insulating area is made up of an air layer and fixing members in addition to a case in which the holding material 17 is used as the heat insulating material.
  • the heat absorption body 11 is desirably disposed so that the intervals between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 , which are present above and below the heat absorption body 11 and on the right and left sides of the heat absorption body, become the same.
  • the inorganic fiber that configures the holding material 17 is not particularly limited, and may be an alumina-silica fiber. Examples thereof include an alumina fiber, a silica fiber, Rockwell, and the like.
  • the inorganic fiber may be changed depending on the characteristics and the like required for the holding material, such as thermal resistance or wind erosion resistance.
  • an alumina-silica fiber is used as the inorganic fiber, an alumina-silica fiber having a composition ratio between alumina and silica of, for example, 60:40 to 80:20 is desirably used.
  • a needle punching treatment is desirably carried out on the holding material 17 .
  • the constituent material, such as the inorganic fiber, of the mat that configures the holding material is not easily separated, and can be made into a single well-organized mat shape.
  • fold lines are generated in the width direction of the mat that configures the holding material at portions on which the needle punching treatment has been carried out. Therefore, it becomes easy to wind the holding material when the holding material is wound around the heat absorption body.
  • the holding material 17 a material obtained by impregnating an organic binder including an acryl-based resin and the like in the mat that configures the holding material, and compressively drying the mat so as to have a thin thickness may be used.
  • the reflected light of solar light is radiated on the heat absorption body 11 after the holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 , and pushed into the support body 12 so as to fit the heat absorption body 11 into the support body 12 , the temperature of the heat absorption body 11 increases to approximately 1000° C. Therefore, the organic binder is decomposed and eliminated, and the compression state formed by the organic binder in the mat which configures the holding material 17 is released so that it becomes easy for the heat absorption body 11 to be firmly supported and fixed by the support body 12 .
  • the porous silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit is manufactured.
  • silicon carbide powder having different average particle diameters which is a raw material, an organic binder, a plasticizer, a lubricant, water and the like are mixed, thereby preparing a wet mixture.
  • a molding process in which the wet mixture is injected into an extrusion molding machine, and is extrusion-molded, is carried out, thereby manufacturing a quadratic prismatic compact of the honeycomb unit having multiple flow paths formed in the longitudinal direction.
  • a cutting process in which both ends of the compact of the honeycomb unit are cut using a cutting apparatus, is carried out so as to cut the compact of the honeycomb unit into a predetermined length, and the cut compact of the honeycomb unit is dried using a drying machine.
  • a defatting process in which the organic substances in the compact of the honeycomb unit are heated in a defatting furnace, is carried out, the compact is transported to a firing furnace, and a firing process is carried out, thereby manufacturing the honeycomb unit (porous silicon carbide).
  • the adhesive paste is coated on the side surfaces (surfaces on which the flow paths are not formed) of the honeycomb units, the honeycomb units are adhered to each other, and then dried, thereby forming the adhesive layer.
  • solar thermal power generation since the heat absorption body 11 is irradiated with solar light so as to reach a temperature of approximately 1000° C., moisture and the like in the adhesive layer are vaporized, and the organic binder is decomposed and eliminated.
  • the inorganic fiber and the inorganic particles are joined using the solid content of the inorganic binder included in the adhesive layer, which forms a strong adhesive layer.
  • the support body can be manufactured using a method which has been thus far used.
  • the support body can be manufactured by carrying out the defatting process and the firing process after the pressing, injection molding, casting and the like of a mixture including ceramic powder, the organic binder and the like.
  • the holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 manufactured using the above method, and pushed into the support body 12 so as to be fixed, thereby assembling the thermal receiver 10 .
  • the thermal receiver of the embodiment has the heat absorption body including the honeycomb units made of porous silicon carbide, the thermal conductivity is high, and the obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium, such as air.
  • the heat medium such as air.
  • silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit is stable in the air even at 1600° C., the performances are not easily changed even in long-term use.
  • the holding material is interposed between the heat absorption body and the support body, and the heat absorption body can be firmly held using the holding material.
  • the holding material functions as the heat insulating layer, it is possible to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body to the support body.
  • the heat absorption body is configured of multiple honeycomb units adhered through the adhesive layer formed on the side surfaces, for which the adhesive paste is used. Therefore, the honeycomb units are firmly adhered to each other.
  • the adhesive layer has thermal resistance, it is possible to reliably prevent some of the honeycomb units from dropping, which may be caused by a force exerting in the flowing direction of the heat medium which flows through the flow paths for the heat medium.
  • the flow paths are formed at 31.0 paths/cm 2 to 93.0 paths/cm 2 , the thickness of the wall portion between the flow paths in the honeycomb unit is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, the porosity of the porous silicon carbide is 35% to 60%, and the average pore diameter is 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. Therefore, it becomes easy for the silicon to fill up the pores in the porous silicon carbide.
  • the heat medium flows through the flow paths in the honeycomb unit, and therefore heat is efficiently transferred from the dense heat absorption body to the heat medium. As a result, in the solar thermal power generation device, in which the thermal receiver is used, power can be generated at a high efficiency.
  • Coarse powder of silicon carbide having an average particle diameter of 22 ⁇ m (52.8 weight %) and fine powder of silicon carbide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m (22.6 weight %) were mixed, an acryl resin (2.1 weight %), an organic binder (methyl cellulose, 4.6 weight %), a lubricant (UNIROOF manufactured by NOF Corporation, 2.8 weight %), glycerin (1.3 weight %) and water (13.8 weight %) were added to the obtained mixture, and the components were kneaded, thereby obtaining a wet mixture.
  • the raw compact of the honeycomb unit was dried using a microwave drying machine, thereby producing a dried compact of the honeycomb unit.
  • a defatting process in which the dried compact of the honeycomb unit was defatted at 400° C., was carried out, a firing process was carried out under conditions of an argon atmosphere, a normal pressure, 2200° C. and 3 hours, thereby manufacturing a honeycomb unit 13 made of silicon carbide.
  • the porosity of the obtained honeycomb unit 13 was 42%, the average pore diameter was 11 ⁇ m, the size was 34.3 mm ⁇ 34.3 mm ⁇ 45 mm, the number of cells (cell density) was 50 cells/cm 2 , and the thickness of the cell wall was 0.25 mm (10 mil).
  • thermo resistant double-sided tape was adhered to the adhesion surface of the obtained honeycomb unit 13 made of porous silicon carbide, and a total of 16 (4 ⁇ 4) honeycomb units 13 were adhered to each other through the thermal resistant double-sided tape, thereby producing the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the holding material 17 which was a sheet-like inorganic fiber made of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 at a composition ratio of 72:28 (weight ratio), and had an average fiber diameter of the inorganic fiber of 5.1 ⁇ m (average fiber length 60 mm), a bulk density of 0.15 g/cm 3 and a fiber density of 1400 g/m 2 , was wound around the obtained heat absorption body 11 so that the thickness became 21 mm, thereby producing a sample for temperature measurement.
  • a thermal receiver can be produced by inserting and fixing the sample for temperature measurement in the support body 12 .
  • the dimensions of the heat absorption body 11 become 137.2 mm in height and 137.2 mm in width.
  • the 21 mm-thick holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 , when the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed with an assumption that the support body 12 is disposed around the holding material 17 , the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 41.4%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 14 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 1 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 31.0%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 7 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 1 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 17.7%.
  • the honeycomb unit 13 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and a total of 9 (3 ⁇ 3) honeycomb units 13 were adhered using a thermal resistant double-sided tape, thereby producing the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the same holding material 17 as the holding material 17 used in Example 1 was wound around the obtained heat absorption body 11 so that the thickness became 21 mm, thereby producing a sample for temperature measurement.
  • the dimensions of the heat absorption body 11 become 102.9 mm in height and 102.9 mm in width.
  • the 21 mm-thick holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 , when the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed with an assumption that the support body 12 is disposed around the holding material 17 , the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 49.6%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 14 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 4 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 38.2%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 7 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 4 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the honeycomb unit 13 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and a total of 4 (2 ⁇ 2) honeycomb units 13 were adhered using a thermal resistant double-sided tape, thereby producing the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the same holding material 17 as the holding material 17 used in Example 1 was wound around the obtained heat absorption body 11 so that the thickness became 21 mm, thereby producing a sample for temperature measurement.
  • the dimensions of the heat absorption body 11 become 68.6 mm in height and 68.6 mm in width.
  • the 21 mm-thick holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 , when the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed with an assumption that the support body 12 is disposed around the holding material 17 , the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 61.5%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 14 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 7 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 49.6%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the thickness of the holding material 17 was set to 7 mm.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region is computed in the same manner as in Example 7 for the sample, the following is obtained.
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region becomes 31.0%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the holding material 17 was not wound around the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region of the present comparative examples is 0%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the holding material 17 was not wound around the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region of the present comparative examples is 0%.
  • a sample for temperature measurement was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the holding material 17 was not wound around the heat absorption body 11 .
  • the area proportion of the heat insulating region of the present comparative examples is 0%.
  • the samples for temperature measurement of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative examples 1 to 3 were irradiated for 30 minutes using a spot photographing lamp RPS-500WB (100 V, 150 W) manufactured by Panasonic Corporation at a distance of 100 mm from the surfaces of the samples.
  • the temperatures of the samples were measured using a thermocouple directly fitted in the sample every 10 seconds from the beginning of the irradiation to 30 minutes after the end of the irradiation.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of the samples in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 1 of the invention
  • FIG. 9 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of the samples in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative example 2 of the invention
  • FIG. 11 illustrates graphs of the temperature changes of the samples in Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative example 3 of the invention.
  • the vertical axis indicates the temperature (° C.)
  • the transverse axis indicates the elapsed time (seconds).
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 1 of the invention
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative example 1 of the invention
  • FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative example 2 of the invention
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the area proportions of the heat insulating regions and the peak temperatures of the samples in Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative example 3 of the invention.
  • the vertical axis indicates the peak temperature (° C.)
  • the transverse axis indicates the area proportion of the heat insulating region (%).
  • Table 1 describes the peak temperatures and temperatures 30 minutes after the end of the irradiation of the lamp of the samples according to the respective examples and the respective comparative examples.
  • Example 1 16 21 41.4 128.8 37.5
  • Example 2 16 14 31.0 126.4 39.3
  • Example 3 16 7 17.7 118.0 34.4 Comparative 16 0 0 99.8 31.1 example 1
  • Example 4 9 21 49.6 107.0 30.2
  • Example 5 9 14 38.2 106.5 30.0
  • Example 6 9 7 22.5 99.8 29.0 Comparative 9 0 0 76.0 22.2 example 2
  • Example 8 4 14 49.6 108.8 27.0
  • FIG. 3A is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a thermal receiver according to the second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line B-B illustrated in FIG. 3A .
  • a thermal receiver 40 is configured to include the heat absorption body 11 , to which multiple honeycomb units 13 having multiple flow paths 13 b arranged in parallel for the circulation of the heat medium 14 are adhered through an adhesive layer formed of silicon 45 that functions as adhesive paste, and the support body 12 which accommodates and supports the heat absorption body 11 and allows the circulation of the heat medium 14 .
  • the holding material 17 made of an inorganic fiber is interposed between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 , and the heat absorption body 11 is supported and fixed by the support body 12 through the holding material 17 .
  • the honeycomb unit 13 is made of porous silicon carbide having open pores and the silicon 45 that fills up the open pores in the porous silicon carbide.
  • the porosity of the honeycomb unit 13 is desirably 35% to 60%.
  • the porosity of the honeycomb unit 13 is less than 35%, some pores in the porous silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit 13 become closed pores, and it becomes difficult to fill the entire pores in the honeycomb unit 13 with the silicon 15 .
  • the porosity of the honeycomb unit 13 exceeds 60%, the strength of the honeycomb unit 13 decreases, and the honeycomb unit becomes liable to be broken due to the repetition of the increase and decrease in the temperature of the honeycomb unit 13 (thermal history).
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide is desirably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide is less than 5 ⁇ m, the pores in the porous silicon carbide are liable to become closed pores, and it becomes difficult to fill the silicon.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous silicon carbide exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the mechanical strength of the porous silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit 13 decreases.
  • the silicon filling up the open pores in the porous silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit 13 is preferably impregnated in 15 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the porous silicon carbide.
  • the open pores in the porous silicon carbide are filled with the silicon, and the honeycomb unit becomes a dense body.
  • the number of the flow paths 13 b per square centimeter in the honeycomb unit 13 according to the second embodiment of the invention is desirably 31.0 paths/cm 2 to 93.0 paths/cm 2 .
  • the thickness of the wall portion between the flow paths is also preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, similarly to in the case of the first embodiment.
  • the porous silicon carbide is used as a porous ceramic for filling silicon, but it is also possible to use a different porous ceramic.
  • the different porous ceramic include nitride ceramics, such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride and boron nitride; and carbide ceramics, such as silicon carbide, zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide. The above ceramics have a high thermal conductivity.
  • the holding material 17 is interposed between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 , but the holding material 17 is also configured in the same manner as in the case of the first embodiment.
  • the porous silicon carbide that configures the honeycomb unit is manufactured.
  • the porous silicon carbide can be manufactured in the same manner as in the case of the first embodiment.
  • the reason for impregnating the carbon substance into the fired compact of the honeycomb unit in advance is that, since a new silicon carbide film is formed on the surfaces of the open pores in the fired compact of the honeycomb unit, the bond between the fused silicon and the fired compact of the honeycomb unit becomes strong. In addition, the reason is that the strength of the fired compact of the honeycomb unit also becomes strong through the impregnation of the honeycomb unit into the fired compact.
  • the above method enables the obtainment of a fired compact of the honeycomb unit filled with the silicon.
  • the fired compact of the honeycomb unit filled with the silicon is called a honeycomb unit.
  • the honeycomb unit can be used as the heat absorption body as it is; however, when multiple honeycomb units are adhered to each other using the adhesive paste so as to be used as the heat absorption body, the following method can be used.
  • the holding material 17 is wound around the heat absorption body 11 manufactured using the above method, is pushed into and fixed by the support body 12 , whereby the thermal receiver 40 can be assembled.
  • the honeycomb unit since the honeycomb unit is configured by including the porous silicon carbide and the silicon that fills up the open pores in the porous silicon carbide, the honeycomb unit becomes a dense body. In addition, since the honeycomb unit is a dense body, the thermal capacity of the honeycomb unit becomes large, and the heat-storing property of the heat absorption body increases. In addition, since the thermal conductivity of the honeycomb unit increases, the obtained heat can be smoothly transferred to the heat medium, such as the air.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the thermal receiver according to the third embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the thermal receiver cut along the line C-C illustrated in FIG. 3A .
  • the heat absorption body 11 accommodated in the support body 12 is supported and fixed by bolts 18 , which are fixing members.
  • multiple screw holes 12 c for screwing the bolts 18 which are substantially columnar fixing members, are formed in the support body 12 .
  • multiple bolts 18 are screwed into the screw holes 12 c , and the heat absorption body 11 is fixed using the multiple bolts 18 .
  • the bolts 18 are used as the fixing members, but the fixing members are not limited to the bolts, and any members can be used as long as screw holes can be opened, and screws can be screwed in.
  • the material is preferably a thermal resistant metal material or ceramic. Examples of the thermal resistant metal material include iron, nickel, chromium, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, lead, copper, zinc, alloys of the above metals, and the like.
  • the heat absorption body 11 is fixed using multiple bolts 18 , the air layer is present in portions other than the portion fixed by the bolts 18 , and, when the heat medium 14 is suctioned, the air layer portion between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 is also suctioned, thereby generating the flow of a predetermined flow amount of the heat medium 14 . Therefore, the layer of the flowing heat medium 14 functions as the heat insulating layer (heat-retention layer), and it is possible to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body 11 to the support body 12 .
  • the gap between the heat absorption body 11 and the support body 12 is desirably set to a predetermined gap with which a heat insulating effect is generated.
  • the air layer is present between the heat absorption body and the support body, and, when the heat medium is suctioned, the air layer portion between the heat absorption body and the support body is also suctioned, thereby generating the flow of a predetermined flow amount of the heat medium. Therefore, the layer of the flowing heat medium functions as a heat-retention layer (heat insulating layer), and it is possible to effectively prevent heat from scattering from the heat absorption body to the support body.
  • the thermal receiver according to the first embodiment of the invention is used.
  • FIG. 5A is a front view schematically illustrating a receiver array that configures the solar thermal power generation device according to the embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the receiver array cut along the line C-C illustrated in FIG. 5A .
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically illustrating the solar thermal power generation apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • a receiver array 20 illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B multiple thermal receivers 10 are disposed in a box-like frame 22 , in which a solar light irradiation surface is opened, in a state in which the surfaces of the heat absorption bodies 11 which receive the radiation of solar light are arrayed to face the front.
  • a receiver array an assembly of multiple arrayed thermal receivers will also be referred to as a receiver array.
  • gas exits 12 b for the support body 12 that configure the thermal receiver 10 are coupled with a bottom portion 22 a of the frame 22 , and the bottom portion 22 a forms a closed space except a portion that is connected to a pipe 22 b . Therefore, the heat medium 14 , such as the air, passes through the flow paths 13 b formed in the honeycomb unit 13 , is heated using the heat absorption body 11 , and then collected in a space formed in the bottom portion 22 a of the frame 22 through the exits 12 b for the heat medium in the support body 12 . After that, the heat medium 14 is led to a vapor generating device 33 , described below, through the pipe 22 b.
  • a vapor generating device 33 described below
  • the pipe 22 b a container coupled with the pipe 22 b , or the like is coupled with an apparatus that suctions gas, such as an efflux pump. Therefore, when the efflux pump or the like is driven, the heat medium 14 , such as the air, around the thermal receiver 10 passes through the flow paths 13 b formed in the honeycomb unit 13 , and heat stored in the heat absorption body 11 is transferred to the heat medium, such as the air.
  • an apparatus that suctions gas such as an efflux pump. Therefore, when the efflux pump or the like is driven, the heat medium 14 , such as the air, around the thermal receiver 10 passes through the flow paths 13 b formed in the honeycomb unit 13 , and heat stored in the heat absorption body 11 is transferred to the heat medium, such as the air.
  • the solar thermal power generation device may have a dual structure having two rooms as the bottom portion 22 a of the frame 22 .
  • the heat medium 14 such as the air
  • the heat medium 14 does not flow into the flow paths 13 b formed in the honeycomb unit 13 , but flows into one of the two rooms, thereby flowing into spaces 22 c present between the multiple thermal receivers 10 .
  • the heat medium 14 is blown out from the void formed in the enlarged portion 12 a , and immediately flows into the flow paths 13 b formed in the honeycomb unit 13 of the thermal receiver 10 .
  • the receiver array 20 is disposed at the height location of a central tower 32 , and the vapor generation device 33 , a heat storing device 34 , a vapor turbine 35 and a cooling device 36 are sequentially disposed below the receiver array.
  • multiple heliostats 37 are disposed around the central tower 32 , the heliostats 37 are set so that the reflection angle or the rotating direction using the vertical direction as the axis can be freely controlled, whereby the solar thermal power generation device is automatically controlled so that momentarily changing solar light is reflected at the heliostats 37 and collected at the receiver array 20 in the central tower 32 .
  • the generated water vapor is introduced into the vapor turbine 35 , drives and rotates the vapor turbine 35 , and a power generator is driven through the rotation of the vapor turbine 35 , thereby generating electricity.
  • the heat storing device 34 is a portion that temporarily stores the heat obtained using the heat medium 14 , and sand is used as a heat storing member.
  • a heat storing pipe (not shown) connected to the pipe 22 b is made to pass through the sand, and the heat medium 14 heated using the heat absorption body 11 is made to pass through the heat storing pipe, thereby supplying heat to the sand, which is a heat storing material. Since the heat storing material has a large thermal capacity, the material can absorb and store a large amount of heat. Meanwhile, the heat storing material accommodated in the heat storing device 34 is not limited to the sand, and may be another inorganic material having a large thermal capacity, and may be a variety of salts and the like.
  • Another vapor generating pipe (not shown), separately from the heat storing pipe, is made to pass through the sand in the heat storing device 34 , a non-heated heat medium is made to flow through the vapor generating pipe at times during which solar light cannot be used, such as at night, and the heat medium is heated using the sand of the heat storing material having an increased temperature.
  • the heat storing pipe may function as the vapor generating pipe.
  • the heated heat medium flows into the vapor generating device 33 so as to generate water vapor, and, as described above, electricity is generated through the driving of the vapor turbine 35 .
  • the water vapor that has passed through the vapor turbine 35 is led to the cooling device 36 , is cooled in the cooling device 36 so as to turn into water, undergoes a predetermined treatment, and then returns to the vapor generating device 33 .
  • the cooling device 36 is preferably configured so that the heat medium 14 , which has been made to pass through the vapor generating device 33 so as to be cooled, passes through a cooling pipe (not shown) in the cooling device 36 . Since the heat medium 14 is made to pass through the cooling pipe so as to be heated, it is possible to efficiently use the heat absorbed at the thermal receiver 10 .
  • thermo receiver according to the first embodiment since the thermal receiver according to the first embodiment is used, it is possible to efficiently convert the radiated solar light into heat, and to efficiently generate power.
  • the honeycomb unit 13 (heat absorption body 11 ) is configured of the porous silicon carbide having open pores in the first embodiment of the invention, and is configured of the porous silicon carbide having open pores and the silicon 15 that fills up the open pores in the porous silicon carbide in the second embodiment.
  • the thermal receiver of the invention is not limited to the above configurations, and, for example, the honeycomb unit 13 may be configured of dense silicon carbide having a small porosity.
  • the honeycomb unit 13 is configured of dense silicon carbide, since the thermal capacity of the honeycomb unit 13 becomes large, the heat storing performance is excellent. In addition, as described above, since silicon carbide is stable in the air even at 1600° C., and is extremely excellent in terms of thermal resistance, the performances do not change even in long-term use. In addition, since silicon carbide has a high thermal conductivity, it is possible to transfer the heat stored in the honeycomb unit 13 to the heat medium.
  • the porosity is preferably 5% or less.
  • the number of the flow paths per square meter is desirably 31.0 paths/cm 2 to 93.0 paths/cm 2 .
  • the thickness of the wall portion between the flow paths is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the heat absorption body 11 is manufactured using multiple honeycomb units made of dense silicon carbide
  • the heat absorption body can be manufactured by adhering the honeycomb units using the adhesive paste including at least one of the inorganic particles, the inorganic fiber and the inorganic binder, which are described in the first embodiment, or by adhering the honeycomb units using silicon which is described in the second embodiment.
  • an inorganic heat insulating member may be interposed between the heat absorption body and the support body.
  • Examples of the inorganic heat insulating member include the member obtained using the adhesive paste used as an adhesive that adheres and binds multiple honeycomb units in the second embodiment. That is, in this case, the adhesive paste is coated around the heat absorption body formed by joining multiple honeycomb units, and the heat absorption body is adhered to the support body through the coated layer.
  • the adhesive paste includes at least one of the inorganic particles, the inorganic fiber and the inorganic binder, and may include an organic binder. Since the adhesive paste has been described in the second embodiment, the adhesive paste will not be described in detail herein.
  • thermal receiver made of multiple honeycomb units has been described, but the thermal receiver of the embodiment of the invention may be configured of one honeycomb unit
  • the heat absorption body 11 When used in the solar thermal power generation device 30 , since the heat absorption body 11 reaches approximately 1000° C., moisture and the like in the adhesive layer are volatilized, and an inorganic heat insulating member, in which the inorganic particles and the inorganic fiber are coupled using the solid content of the inorganic binder, is formed. Meanwhile, in a case in which the adhesive layer includes an organic binder, it is needless to say that the organic binder is decomposed and eliminated.

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US20240327295A1 (en) * 2023-03-28 2024-10-03 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Ceramic body and method for producing same

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