US1851010A - Steam boiler - Google Patents

Description

March 29, 1932. D. s. .JAcoBus 1,851,010

STEAM BOILER `Filed March 28. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 3.

1/ f' INVENTOR ATTORNEYS March 29, 1932. D. s. JAcoBus STEAM BOILER 3 Sheets-Seet 3 Filed March 28. 1925 INVENTOR v c yw ATTORNEYS .uw MHH.

Patented Mar. 29, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEv DAVID S. JACOBUS, OF JERSEY *CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T THE BABCOCK WILCOX COMPANY, 0F BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY STEAM BOILER Application tiled March 28, 1925. Serial No. 18,944.

My invention more particularly relates to water tube boilers, particularly of the type in which upper and lower horizontal drums are connected by water tubes, and in W ich the hot gases flow generally longitudinally of the drums.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a steam boiler and its setting, embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a section taken along the plane of the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a transverse section through a steam boiler illustrating a plurality of boiler sect ons Fig. 4 is a view generally similar to Fig. 3, but illustrating a plurality of boiler units and interconnected so as to be operated by a single continuous furnace, and Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of the superheater.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 10 is the front furnace wall, 11 is the rear wall of the setting, 12, 12 are side walls, and 10a is a bridge wall. An upper steam and water drum 13 is connected to the lower mud drum 14 by water tubes 15, all of which are curved at both their upper and lower ends, as illustrated in Fig. 3 and spaced apart on opposite sides of the center line of the boiler and transversely of the drums to form two groups 15a and 15", with a space at 16 between the two groups, the tubes longitudinally of the drums having wide and narrow spacings, as illustrated, to provide for removal of the tubes.

The boiler is supported from the mud drum and anchored by means of the bracket 310,

the opposite end of the drum preferably being supported on roller bearings at 311 to take up expansion in the drum. The furnace 17 is provided with a suitable fuel burning device, here shown as an underfeed Stoker 18, andthe top of the furnace is covered by a roof baille 19, supported on a double row of tubes 20, forming part of a supplementary circulating system. The upper 'and lower ends of the tubes 20 are preferably connected to transverse header boxes 21 and 22 respec- 50 tively, the upper box 21 being supported from the steam and water drum or drums 13 by straps, while the lower box rests against the front furnace wall 10. The header boX 21 is connected by a plurality of nipples 23 to the steam space of the drum 13. The lowermost header box 22 is connected to the mud drum 14 by means of curved tubes 24, here illustrated as two in number, each at one end of the box 22. The roof baiiie' 19 extends from the front furnace wall 10 to the top of the setting, and with the associated parts, seals the upper portion of the furnace chamber.

The upper steamand water drum 13 is preferably provided with two transverse partitions 25 and 26, the first of which is preferably so arranged that it is spaced from the drum both at its upper and lower portions, as illustrated in Fig. 1, while-the partition 26 preferably extends downwardly to the bottom of the drum and forms a substantially tight joint therewith, and extends upwardly above the normal Water level in the drum, and is spaced from the drum at its upper edge.

vThe partitions thus divide the drum into three compartments 27, 28 and 29, the width of the spaces between the partitions and drums being such as to provide a proper degree of restriction to the flow of steam and water between the compartments. A gauge glass 30 is connected bytubes 31 to the middle compartment 28, anda steam outlet 32 is connected to the rear compartment 29, the

lfeed water preferably being introduced to the compartment 29 by the feed pipe 290 extending from the left hand of the drum 13, as viewed in Fig. 1, to the compartment 29.

A superheater indicated generally at 33 is located in the space 16 between the two groups of tubes 15 and 15b. In the form illustrated, the superheatercomprises three headers 34. 35 and 36, the steam passing from the outlet 32, through the steam pipe 37 to the header 34. The header 35 is preferably shorter than the two headers 34 and 36. as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5, and the header 34 is provided with a partition 38, at a point preferably approximately opposite the middle portion of the header 35. The header 35 and the major portion of the header 34 are connected by superheater tubes 39, preferably extending upwardly therefrom, and approximately U- shaped in form. The ends of the headers 34 and 36 at the left, as viewed in Fig. 5, and at the end with which the gases first contact, as more fully hereinafter explained, are connected by U-tubes 40 extending upwardly therefrom, the header 36 being connected to the superheater steam outlet pipe 41.

Battles 42 extend transversely of the boiler between the boiler tubes 15, certain of the baffles 42a extendingr upwardly from walls 43 to a point short of the upper steam and water.

drum, while the alternate baffles 42b are suspended from the roof and extend downwardly to a point short of the lower mud drum 14. The baffles thus divide the boiler and superheater into sections, and are so constructed and arranged as to direct the furnace gases -longitudinally of the tubes in the successive sections and in a direction generally longitudinally of the drums to the outlet flue 44, the heated gases simultaneously flowing over the boiler and superheater tubes instead of flowing over them serially.

In Fig. 8, I have illustrated a plurality of boiler units set side by side, but separated by division walls 45.

In Fig. 4, I have illustrated the boilers set in multiples of 3, the mud drums being interconnected by suitable pipes 46, and the steam and water drums interconnected by suitable pipes 47, the boilers being operated by a gontinuous furnace. It will, of course, be understood that the boilers may be set in any desired number.

By providing the upper steam and water drum with transverse partitions in the way described, and connecting the water gauge to the middle compartment, a more reliable water reading is obtained than would be the case if the gauge were connected to the front end of the drum and with no intervening partition. By connecting the steam outlet to the rear of the drum, t-he steam is taken from the portion of the drum where the water is in the most quiescent condition, thereby minimizing the chances of any water being carried over with the steam, and it is possible to operate with water containing a higher component o solids in solution without priming than would be the case should the steam outletbe connected at the middle point or near the forward end of the steam and water drum.

The described arrangement of the superheater causes the steam to flow in a direction generally the reverse of the flow of furnace gases, thus securing the advantages of the counterflow. At the same time, the provision of three headers and a partition 38 in one of the headers, increases the velocity of the steam through the superheater tubes, as compared with an arrangement of two boxes with the superheater tubes connect-ed to only two boxes.

In operation, the water from the chamber 29 of the upper steam and water drum 13 passes downwardly through the tubes connected thereto to the mud drum 14, between which and the left portion of the steam and water drum the water circulates through the remaining tubes. Furthermore, there is a circulation of water through the supplementary circulatory system comprising tubes 2() which serve at the same time to maintain the roof 19 cool and absorb radiant heat from the furnace, thereby increasing the elliciency of the boiler. A'boiler made in accordance with my invention and supported from the \lower drum is simple to construct and of low cost, and yet efiieient in operation.

I claim:

1. In a steam boiler', an upper steam and water drum, a lower mud drum, tubes conn necting said drums, means for directing gases over said tubes in a direction generally longitudinal of said drums, the upper drum being provided with two spaced transverse partitions constructed and arranged to permit communication between the compartments defined by said partitions, and a water gauge connected to the middle compartment of the drum between said partitions.

2. In a steam boiler, an upper steam and water drum, a lower mud drum, tubes connecting said drums, means for directing gases over said tubes in a direction generally longitudinal of said drums, the upper drum being provided with two spaced transverse partitions constructed and arranged to permit communication between the compartments defined by said partitions, the front partitionwith regard to the flow of the gases being spaced f-rom the steam and water drum at its upper and lower portions, and a water gauge connected to the middle compartment between said partitions.

3. In a steam boiler, an upper steam and water drum, a lower mud drum, tubes connecting said drums, means for directing gases over said tubes in a direction generally longitudinal of said drums, the upper drum being provided with two spaced transverse partitions constructed and arranged to permit communication between the compartments defined by said partitions,the front partition with respect to the flow of the gases being spaced from the steamand water drum at its upper and lower portions,'.and the rear partition being fitted to the drum at a point above the normal water level of the drum and there spaced therefrom, a water gauge connected to the middle compartment between the partitions, and a steam outlet connected to the rear compartment.

4. In a steam boiler. an upper steam and water drum. a lower mud drum. tubes connecting` said drums and spaced transverselyY of the drums into two groups, means for directing gases over said tubes in a direction generally longitudinal of said drums, and a lll located between said groups of boiler tubes,

and means for directing gases in parallelisnr a over said boiler tubes and superheater tubes in a direction generally longitudinally of said drums and in a direction generally counter to the flow of water and steam in the respective tubes.

' DAVID S. JACOBUS.

space between. said groups of tubes, superheater tubes connected to said headers and located between said groups of boiler tubes and means for directing gases in parallelism over s aid boiler'tubes'a'nd superheater 'tubes from the gas entrance throughout the ,extentfv of said superheater andin a directionjgenerally longitudinal -osaid drums.

6. In a steam boiler; an upper steam and water drum, a lower'mud drum` boiler tubes connecting said drums and spaced transversely of the drums into two groups, a superheater located in the space between said 'groups of tubes and provided with headers arranged in substantial parallelism-with said drums and connected bv tubes in substantial parallelismxV with the boiler tubes, and means for directing gases over said boilertubes and superheater tubes in parallelism from the gas entrance throughout the extent of said superheater and in a direction generally longitudinal of'said' drums'.

7 In'a steam boiler, an upper steam andl waterdrum, a lower mud drum, water tubes connecting` said drums and spaced apart transversely ofthe drums into two groups. a superheater located in the space between said' groups thel tubes of' which vare 'substantially v parallel to said water tubes, and means for allelsm from the gas entrance throughout- 'the extent ofsaid superheater and over said.

simultaneously directing the heated gases inv parallelism'from the gas entrance through,-v outthe extent of said. superheater and -over bothv the boiler and superheater tubes.

8.- In a-steam boiler, an upper`- steam and water drum, a lower mud drum, water tubes connecting said drums and spaced apart transversely of the drums into two groups. -a superheater comprising headers connected bv U-tubes located in the space between said groups. said U-tubes extending substantially parallel to said water tubes, and means for simultaneously directing heated gases in' parboiler 4and superheater tubes.

9. In a steam boiler, an upper steam and water drum', a lowermud drum, boiler tubes connecting said drums and spaced transversel v of said drums into two groups, a superheater provided With headers located in the space between said groups of tubes. superheater tubes connected to said headers and

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