US1488388A - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Description

P. HARIVEAU CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed Aug. 2. 1920 5 SheetsdSheefb 1.

March 25., 1924. 1,488,388'

. P. HARIVEAU CENTRIFUGAL- PUMP Filed Aug. 2. 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 lll - .We 2d 34 35i 2J 5d Inven'orl u 1:? Hriveau 5 v March 25 1924; 1,488,388

` P. 'HARIVEAU GENTRIFUQAL. PUMP Aug. 2, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 March I 25 1924.` 1,488,888 P. HARIVEAU CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Fuga Aug. z. '1920 5 sheen-s885855 l@ KM.

Patented Mar. 25, 1924.

UNITED stares PAUL HARIVEAU, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

.Application sled Augusta, 1920. serial 1ro. 400,783.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, PAUL I-IARIVEAU, a citizen of the Republic. of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCentrifugal Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a centrifugal pump and more particularly to a type of pump applicable to steam condensers, char' acterized by being composed of two end plates each provided with an intake branch sloping at an angle at 45 degrees, a delivery volute adapted to have its position in relation to the intake branches altered at will along its median plane, and of a rotor provided with two bladings arranged on each side in such' a way that, at the periphery of the rotor, the thickness of a blade on one of the sets is equal to the space which faces it and is bounded by two blades of the other set. j

In the accompanying drawing, which illustrates, by way of example, several methods of carrying out the invention, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a primary form;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the rotor of the pump illustrating the shape and disposition of the blades;

Fig. 2a is a sectional view of the rotor Vtaken at right angles to Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a modified type of pump;

Figs. 4 and 4a are sectional views taken at right angles to each other of the rotor used in connection with the type of pump shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a further modification of the pump;

Figs. 6 and 6a are sectional views taken at right angles to one another of the rotor used in connection with the type of pump illustrated in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a further modified `formy of the invention' adapted for use as a centrifugalmixer.

, The rotor 1 is provided with two bladings 2 and` 3, which are covered by theI cheeks 4 and 5. The tw'o bladings 2 and 3 are Var ranged vin such a -way that the thickness '6 7 (Fig. y2) Vofalblade ofv the set 2 is equal to the space 61@ 1 bounded by two blades of the set 3. The hub 8 is keyed to the shaft 9 traversing the cover plates 10 and 1-1 which carry, respectively, theY intake branches w12 and "13 `sloped at an angle of 45 degrees in relation to the cover plates. The branch 12 is connected, by a pipe 14, to a foot valve 15 in the pit 16, and the branch 13 is connected, by a pipe 17 through cock 18, to a vessel 19 containing air, steam and other gaseous fiuids. The volute 20 with the diffuser' 21 and delivery branch 22, is secured to the cover plates 10 and 11 in `any suitable way. The delivery branch isprovided with a stop valve, not shown.

The pump according to the invention operates in the following manner. The shaft 9 -being driven by any motor whatsoever, and the pump having been started or primed, the blades 2, 2a, 2b suckv up the water from the pit 16 and discharge it in jets, through the diffuser 21, into the volute 2O and the delivery branch 22. In conse quence of the kinetic energy transmitted to the water by the blades 2, a negative pressure is set up in the vicinity of the jets of water", and more particularly in the space existing between two successive jets. This interval between two jets corresponding to the space between two blades 3, 3a, 3b the air, steam and other gaseous fluids in the vessel 19--the cock 18 being assumed to be open-are aspirated not only indirectly, in consequence of the negative pressure due to the moving water, but also directly, by the action of the blades 3. The air, steam and other gaseous fluids are therefore expelled by the rotor in the form of jets between two jets of water, and consequently produce a vacuum in the vessel 19.

In the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 2, the blades 2 and 3 act on the water and on the air, steam and other gaseous fluids, by a concave surface, that is to say, by a surface bent forwards in relation to the direction of rotation of the rotor. VIn the modification illustrated in Figs. 3,4, 4a, the blades 2 which expel the water in the form of jets are also concave, butV the vblades 3 are replaced by blades 23, 23, 423b which act by means of their convexl part., At the point where they spring from the roto-nthe blades 23 alternate with the blades 2 inthesame way as the blades 2 and 3 of Figs. 1, 2 and 2a, Moreover, the intake branches,12 and 13 are extended by branches 24 and 25between theV ends of which is fixed a T junction 26, from which branches the pipev14. A three-way cock- 27 enables communication to be [set up between, the branch 13 and either the T junction *26 or the vessel 19,

The pump according to Figure 3 works as follows:

The three-way cock 27 is first set to connect the branch 13 with the branch 25, and,

Y therefore, with the pit, the vessel 19 being shut off. The pump being then filled with it act as a centrifugal pump for air, steam or other gaseous fluids, all that is necessary is to turn the three-way cock to the position shewn in Figure 3, so as to establish communication between the branch 13 and vessel 19, and to shut the branch 13 from the pipe 25.

Figures land 3 show that the angles a and b enclosed between the median plane of the rotor and the cheeks 4 and 5, and the surface of the rotor 1, respectively, are much greater than in ordinary double intake centrifugal pumps. This arrangement was adopted in order to ensure more complete intermingling of the water and the gaseous fluid, by entangling one in the other, with the result of increasing the pull on the gaseous fluid and thus obtaining a higher vacuum in the vessel 19.

The pump illustrated in Fig. 5 has two `water intakes 28 and 29 connected by a central header 14. The rotor 1 with two intakes 30 and 31 is provided with blades 2, 2a, 2*. The cheeks 32 and 33 carryconvex blades 34,

34a, 34b and 35, 35a and 35b respectively,

Figs. 6 and 6a, alternating in relation Vto the concave blades 2, 2zl and 2b'of the rotor, their thickness at the periphery of the rotor being equal to the space in front thereof which is bounded by the two corresponding blades of the rotor. The blades 34, 34a, 34b and 35, 35a and 35b are themselves covered by cheeks 36 and 37.

' Spiral inlets 38 and 39 are preferably connected by a central header, communicating Vwith the vessel 19 containing air, steam and other gaseous fluids. The cover plates 40 and 41 are provided with tubular extensions 42 and 43 loosely surrounding the water intake passages 44 and 45. Lubricators 46 and 47, mounted on the extensions 42 and 43, lill with thick grease the ` helicoidal grooves 48 and 49 provided in the passages 44 and 45,

so as to deliver the grease towards the rotor. Y

The pump of Figure 5 is started in the Ysame way as the pump of Figure 3. With that object, the header 14 connecting the water intakes 28V and29, and the header 17 connecting the spiral inlets 38 and 39, are connected by a branch, not shown, provided with a three way cock 18 mounted at the junction of said branch with theheaderconnecting the spiral inlets 38, 39. When the from the vessel 19 issuing through the spiral inlets 38 and 39, and being drawn, in a suc cession of jets, between the jets of water expelled by the rotor.

The object of the lubricators 46 and 47 is to prevent the back flow of air-which would occur immediately on communication being established between the spiral inlets 38 and 39 andthe vessel 19 by means of the three-way cock-by depositing a layer of grease in the very narrow `annular space between the extensions 42 and 43 and the pas'- sages 44 and 45. Y

IThese lubricators 46 Yand 47 also serve to prevent the back flow of air at the moment when the vacuum in the vessel 19 begins to become greater than the negative pressure produced by the suction of the water. And to provide further against the contingency of air passing through, the extensions 42 and 43 are bent outward at the end 50 and 51, so as to deliver the airto the blades 34 and 35 Vwhich would expel it along with the Vgaseous fluid. j

This modification presents the advaiu tage that the water drawn in on both sides of the rotor acts symmetrically on the gaseous fiuid, whereasin the devices according to Figure 1 and 3, the action of thev water is asymmetrical. Another advantage results from this, namely, that the rotor is not subjected to any axial thrust.- This modifica` tion also enables different fluids to be aspirated simultaneously. it being suflicient, for this purpose, to connect each of the spiral inlets 38 and 39 to different vessels.

In the accompanying drawing,A Figures V2, 2, 4 and 4a illustrate rotors provided with only six blades on each side, but any desired number may be employed, according to the conditions under which the pump is worked.

Numerous modifications inv point of detail may be introduced into this centrifugal pump without departing from the principle of the invention. Thus, Figure 7 shows how the pump according to Figure 1 may easily be transformed into a centrifugal mixer. For this purpose all that is necessary is to invert the pump of Figure 1, and to replace the pipes 14 and 17 by hoppers 52 and 53,

gases, by two pipes, as shown, for example,

in Figure 1. When it is a question of mix-v Y ing a solid and a liquid,the branch receiving Vor gases, to connectthe branches 12`and 13, to the vessels containing the liquids orf the subdivided solid is preferablyarranged above the apparatus, whilst that through which the liquid is to be aspired is arranged below.

It has been mentioned that the dimensions of the blades 2, 2a, 2b, and 3, 3a, 3b are arranged so that, at the periphery of the rotor, the Space 6*?" between two blades 2 corresponds exactly'to the thickness 61-71 of a blade 3 Figure 2, or 23 Figure 4. The blades are arranged in this manner in order to obtain a larger output, but it will be quite evident that a vacuum would still be produced in the vessel 19 if the blades 2 and 3, and even the blades 2 and 23 did not correspond exactly. Similarly, instead of providing the rotor with two bladings 2 and 3 Figure l, and 2 and 23 Figure 3, it would be possible to mount on the shaft 9 two rotors, one provided with the blading 2 and the other with the blading 3 of Figure l, or 23 of Figure 3.

The chief advantages of the centrifugal pump according to the invention are as follows:

l. The possibility of varying the delivery within wide limits, by simply replacing the rotor 1 and the volute 2O by other sets of rotors and other volutes;

2. The intake and delivery orifices may occupy any desired relative positions, and that,

too, independently, of each other.

3. Sloping the intake branches l2 and 13 at an angle of 45 degrees enables them to be connected by one and the same coupling pipe, to a vertical or horizontal pipe.

4. The members liable to wear may be replaced without changing the other members.

What I claim is:

1. A centrifugal pump comprising two cover plates carrying an intake branch sloping at an angle of 45 degrees, a delivery volute adapted to be rotated at will along its median plane, a rotor provided with two bladings arranged on either side in such a way that, the free outlet from the blades on one side is opposite the solid parts of the blades on the other side.

2. A centrifugal pump comprising two cover plates carrying an intake branch sloping at an angle of 45 degrees, a delivery volute adapted to be rotated at will along its median plane, a rotor provided with two bladings arranged on either side in such a way that, the free outlet from the blades on one side is opposite the solid parts of the blades on the other side; means to assemble the cover plates with the volute, the latter being exchangeable for other volutes 0f ldifferent widths corresponding to rotors of different widths; A

3. A centrifugal pump comprising two cover plates carrying an intake branch sloping at an angle of 45 degrees, a delivery volute adapted to be rotated at will along its median plane, a rotor provided with two bladings arranged on either side in such a way that, at the periphery of the rotor, the thickness of a blade on the one set is equal to the space facing same and bounded by two blades of the other set; the blades intended for aspirating water being concave and those for aspirating gaseous fluids being convex;

4. A centrifugal pump comprising two cover plates carrying an intake branch sloping at an angle of 45 degrees, a deliver7 volute adapted to be rotated at will along its median plane, a rotor provided with two bladings arranged on either side in such a way that, the free outlet from the blades on one side is opposite the solid parts of the blades on the other side, the blades intended for aspirating water being concave and those for aspirating gaseous fluids convex; means for priming consisting of a three-way cock and means for supplying either liquid or gaseous fluid to said cock.

5. A centrifugal pump comprising two cover plates a Vdelivery volute adapted to be rotated at will along itsv median plane, a rotor provided with two bladings, means to assemble the cover plates with the volute, the latter being exchangeable for other volutes of different widths corresponding to rotors of different widths; a water suction inlet at each side of the rotor and two inlets for gaseous fluid between the jets of water, the blades intended for aspirating water being concave and those for aspirating gaseous fluids convex; means for starting consisting of a three-way cock and means for supplying either liquid or gaseous fluid to said cock.

In testimony whereofI ailix my signature.

PAUL HARIVEAU.

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