TWM676708U - Fuel cell DC brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel brushless DC motor capable of multi-stage torque conversion using a fixed current. This fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes multiple fuel cell banks to supply power to multiple coil banks via a DC-DC converter in a time-sharing manner. The electromagnetic interaction between these multiple coil banks and N-pole and S-pole magnets drives a load via a rotating shaft. This fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes a "fuel cell-guided stator flux conversion mechanism" comprised of multiple coil assemblies, a DC-DC converter, and multiple fuel cells. This mechanism allows the multiple fuel cells to alter the electromagnetic interaction intensity between the multiple coil assemblies and the N-pole and S-pole magnets, thereby changing the rotational torque of the drive shaft for multi-stage torque drive operation without affecting the current flow of the multiple fuel cells.

Description

Fuel cell DC brushless motor

This invention relates to a "fuel-battery brushless DC motor," and more particularly to a brushless DC motor that utilizes a plurality of coil assemblies, a DC-DC converter assembly, and a plurality of fuel cells to drive a brushless DC motor, enabling the plurality of coil assemblies, the DC-DC converter assembly, and the plurality of fuel cells to perform multi-stage torque conversion for the motor.

Note that in today's era of unstable oil supply and fluctuating oil prices, the cost of using oil-related energy sources may increase. Simultaneously, for the sake of the global environment and to avoid drastic environmental changes caused by excessive carbon dioxide emissions from oil use, various parties are advocating energy-saving and carbon-reducing practices, such as the development and use of electric vehicles. Innovatively and safely utilizing batteries to power electric vehicle motors (e.g., DC brushless motors) to improve battery lifespan is also a concrete example of energy conservation and carbon reduction.

The conventional method of using a brushless DC motor in an electric vehicle to drive a load by being powered by a battery is shown in Figure 1. The brushless DC motor 01 is connected to a load 02. Internally, the brushless DC motor 01 consists of an N-pole magnet 011, an S-pole magnet 012, a coil 013, a coil 014, and a Hall effect sensor. The brushless DC motor 01 uses a battery 03 to provide a DC power supply to the coils 013 and 014, which drives the N-pole magnet 011 and the S-pole magnet 012 to rotate, thus driving the load 02 and adjusting the motor torque, enabling the electric vehicle to travel by adjusting torque. When the electric vehicle is driving with increased or decreased torque, the DC power supply provides a variable current, requiring the electric vehicle's battery 03 to also provide a variable current to the DC brushless motor 01.

However, when an electric vehicle operates at increased torque, the discharge current of battery 03 increases, and the discharge voltage drops rapidly. Conversely, when the electric vehicle operates at decreased torque, the discharge current of battery 03 decreases, and the discharge voltage drops slowly. This frequent voltage fluctuation in battery 03 causes instability in the internal electrochemical reactions, potentially damaging its performance. Furthermore, during high-torque operation, the discharge current of battery 03 may become excessive. Prolonged or continuous excessive discharge current can lead to frequent overheating within the battery 03, causing permanent structural damage. Therefore, innovating a safe method for using batteries to adjust torque in brushless DC motors for electric vehicles has become a new research direction for electric vehicle manufacturers.

In view of the shortcomings (variable current) of the battery-powered brushless DC motors for electric vehicles derived from the aforementioned technologies, the inventor of this invention was eager to improve and innovate. After many days of painstaking and dedicated research, the inventor has finally successfully developed a "fuel battery brushless DC motor."

The purpose of this invention is to provide a brushless DC motor for fuel cell electric vehicles capable of multi-stage torque conversion using a fixed current. The concept involves housing multiple coil assemblies inside the brushless DC motor, and externally assembling a DC-DC converter and multiple fuel cell banks. These coil assemblies, the DC-DC converter, and the fuel cell banks enable multi-stage torque conversion, and the fuel cell banks supply power to the brushless DC motor at different times using a fixed current, thus achieving the electrical characteristics and purpose of a brushless DC motor capable of multi-stage torque drive using a fixed current.

To achieve the above objectives, the technical means of this invention lies in assembling a plurality of coils inside a brushless DC motor, and assembling a DC-DC converter assembly and a plurality of fuel cell assemblies outside the brushless DC motor, together forming a "fuel cell brushless DC motor," which is a constant current DC motor. The fuel cell brushless DC motor has a motor stator (plural coil stator) composed of a plurality of coils and a motor rotor composed of an N-pole magnet and an S-pole magnet inside the brushless DC motor. The motor stator is indirectly electrically connected to one of the plurality of fuel cell assemblies (constant current) outside the brushless DC motor, and the motor rotor is mechanically connected to a load outside the brushless DC motor via a rotating shaft. The motor's electromagnetic stator is also electrically connected to one of the external DC-DC converter units of the brushless DC motor.

The fuel cell brushless DC motor uses multiple external fuel cell banks (with a fixed current) to supply power to the motor stator with multiple coils in a time-sharing manner. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the multiple coils and the motor rotor with N-pole and S-pole magnets, the N-pole and S-pole magnets can be rotated, and the load can be driven by the rotating shaft. This fuel cell brushless DC motor, through its multiple coils, DC-DC converter, and multiple fuel cells, forms a "fuel cell-guided stator flux conversion mechanism." This mechanism allows the multiple fuel cells to change the electromagnetic interaction strength between the motor stator (containing multiple coils) and the motor rotor (containing N-pole and S-pole magnets), thereby altering the rotational torque of the drive shaft for multi-stage torque drive operation without affecting the current flow of the multiple fuel cells (constant current supply, multi-stage torque drive).

Thus, utilizing this novel invention, a "fuel battery brushless DC motor" composed of a plurality of coils, a DC-DC converter, and a plurality of fuel cells, allows the "fuel battery-guided stator flux conversion mechanism" of the plurality of coils, the DC-DC converter, and the fuel cells to perform multi-stage torque conversion and supply power to the brushless DC motor with a fixed current in a time-sharing manner. By employing this novel concept of power conversion between the plurality of coils and the plurality of fuel cells, the power consumption characteristic and purpose of a brushless DC motor capable of multi-stage torque drive with a fixed current can be achieved.

Please refer to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings of a preferred embodiment of this invention, the "Fuel Cell DC Brushless Motor," for a further understanding of its technical content, purpose, and effects:

11: DC brushless motor

111: N-pole magnet

112: S-pole magnet

113: Rotating Shaft

1141: First loop

1142: First loop

1151: Second coil

1152: Second coil

12: Load

13: DC-DC converter group

131: First Converter

132: Second Converter

14: Constant Current Fuel Cell Pack

141: First Fuel Cell

142: Second fuel cell

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a conventional electric vehicle's brushless DC motor.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram and a schematic diagram of the current flow of the multiple coil assembly, DC-DC converter assembly, and multiple fuel cell assembly during the first stage of torque rotation in this novel invention, the "Fuel Cell Brushless DC Motor."

Figure 3 shows a block diagram and a schematic diagram of the current flow of the multiple coil assembly, DC-DC converter assembly, and multiple fuel cell assembly during the second stage of torque rotation in a preferred embodiment of the novel invention, the "Fuel Cell Brushless DC Motor."

Figure 4 shows a block diagram and a schematic diagram of the current flow of the multiple coil assembly, DC-DC converter assembly, and multiple fuel cell assembly during the third stage of torque rotation in a preferred embodiment of this novel invention, the "Fuel Cell DC Brushless Motor."

This invention provides a "fuel cell brushless DC motor," as shown in Figure 2. The fuel cell brushless DC motor internally houses a brushless DC motor 11. Inside the brushless DC motor 11 is a motor magnet rotor composed of an N-pole magnet 111 and an S-pole magnet 112. This motor magnet rotor is mechanically connected to an external load 12 via a rotating shaft 113. The brushless DC motor 11 also internally houses a motor magnet stator (forming a plurality of coil stators) composed of a first coil 1141, a first coil 1142, a second coil 1151, and a second coil 1152.

The fuel cell brushless DC motor also includes a DC-DC converter assembly 13, which contains a first converter 131 and a second converter 132. The first coil 1141 and the first coil 1142 of the motor's stator are electrically connected to the first converter 131 of the DC-DC converter assembly 13, and the second coil 1151 and the second coil 1152 of the motor's stator are electrically connected to the second converter 132 of the DC-DC converter assembly 13.

The fuel cell brushless DC motor also houses a constant-current fuel cell pack 14, which contains a first fuel cell 141 and a second fuel cell 142. The first converter 131 of the DC-DC converter pack 13 is electrically connected to the first fuel cell 141 of the constant-current fuel cell pack 14, and the second converter 132 of the DC-DC converter pack 13 is electrically connected to the second fuel cell 142 of the constant-current fuel cell pack 14.

The first coil 1141, the first coil 1142, the second coil 1151, and the second coil 1152 (a plurality of coils) of the motor's electromagnet stator, together with the first converter 131 and the second converter 132 of the DC-DC converter assembly 13, and the first fuel battery 141 and the second fuel battery 142 (a plurality of fuel battery packs) of the constant current fuel battery assembly 14, constitute a "fuel battery-guided stator flux conversion mechanism" to form a brushless DC motor that can be driven and switched using fuel batteries.

Please refer to Figure 2. The fuel cell brushless DC motor uses the first fuel cell 141 (fixed current) of the constant current fuel cell pack 14 to supply power to the first coil 1141 and the first coil 1142 of the motor magnet stator through the first converter 131 of the DC-DC converter pack 13. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the first coil 1141 and the first coil 1142 and the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112, the motor magnet rotor with the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112 can be rotated, and the load 12 is driven to work by the rotating shaft 113. In this way, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can partially change the electromagnetic interaction strength between the motor stator and the motor rotor, thereby partially altering the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 113 to achieve the first-stage torque operation of the motor, without affecting the current flow of the first fuel cell 141 (the battery is powered by a fixed current, and the motor operates at its first-stage torque).

Alternatively, as shown in Figure 3, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes the second fuel cell 142 (fixed current) of the constant current fuel cell pack 14 to supply power to the second coil 1151 and the second coil 1152 of the motor magnet stator via the second converter 132 of the DC-DC converter pack 13. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the second coil 1151 and the second coil 1152 and the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112, the motor magnet rotor with the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112 can be driven to rotate, and the load 12 is driven to work via the rotating shaft 113. In this way, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can partially change the electromagnetic interaction strength between the motor stator and rotor, thereby partially altering the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 113 to achieve the second-stage torque operation of the motor, without affecting the current flow of the second fuel cell 142 (the battery is powered by a fixed current, and the motor operates at its second-stage torque).

Furthermore, referring to Figure 4, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes the first fuel cell 141 (fixed current) of the constant current fuel cell pack 14 to supply power to the first coil 1141 and the first coil 1142 of the motor's electromagnetic stator via the first converter 131 of the DC-DC converter pack 13. Additionally, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes the second fuel cell 142 (fixed current) of the constant current fuel cell pack 14 to supply power via the DC-DC converter. The second converter 132 of group 13 can supply power to the second coil 1151 and the second coil 1152 of the motor magnet stator in a time-sharing manner. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the first coil 1141, the first coil 1142, the second coil 1151, the second coil 1152 and the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112, the motor magnet rotor with the N pole magnet 111 and the S pole magnet 112 can be driven to rotate, and the load 12 is driven to work by the rotating shaft 113. In this way, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can completely change the electromagnetic interaction intensity between the motor stator and rotor, thereby completely changing the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 113 to achieve the third-stage torque operation of the motor, without affecting the current flow of the first fuel cell 141 and the second fuel cell 142 (the batteries are powered by a fixed current, and the motor operates at the third-stage torque).

In the "fuel battery brushless DC motor" of this invention, the brushless DC motor 11 utilizes the external constant current fuel battery pack 14 (multiple fuel battery packs) and the DC-DC converter pack 13 to provide partial or full power to the motor magnet stator (multiple coil packs) to drive the motor magnet rotor to rotate and perform multi-stage torque conversion of the motor, without affecting the current flow of the constant current fuel battery pack 14 (constant current supply, multi-stage motor torque drive). Thus, by utilizing this novel invention, a "fuel battery brushless DC motor" composed of a plurality of coils of a DC brushless motor, a DC-DC converter, and a plurality of fuel cells, the concept of converting power between the plurality of coils and the plurality of fuel cells can achieve the power characteristics and purpose of a DC brushless motor that can provide multi-stage torque drive with a fixed current. This avoids the battery performance damage caused by frequent voltage fluctuations during acceleration and deceleration of the electric vehicle, or the permanent structural damage caused by prolonged or continuous excessive discharge current leading to overheating of the battery.

The above detailed description is a specific explanation of feasible embodiments of this new invention. However, these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of this patent. All equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of this new invention, such as equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, should be included within the scope of this patent.

11: DC brushless motor

111: N-pole magnet

112: S-pole magnet

113: Rotating Shaft

1141: First loop

1142: First loop

1151: Second coil

1152: Second coil

12: Load

13: DC-DC converter group

131: First Converter

132: Second Converter

14: Constant Current Fuel Cell Pack

141: First Fuel Cell

142: Second fuel cell

Claims (4)

A fuel cell brushless DC motor includes: A DC brushless motor, which is a load drive device; A non-polar magnet is disposed inside the brushless DC motor; A single S-pole magnet is located inside the brushless DC motor; A rotating shaft is located inside the DC brushless motor; A load is located outside the brushless DC motor; The N-pole magnet and the S-pole magnet constitute a motor magnet rotor, which is mechanically connected to the load via the rotating shaft; A first coil is located inside the brushless DC motor; A second coil is located inside the brushless DC motor; The first coil and the second coil constitute a motor electromagnetic stator; A DC-DC converter assembly is located external to the brushless DC motor; A first converter is located within the DC-DC converter group; A second converter is located within the DC-DC converter assembly; The first coil of the motor electromagnet stator is electrically connected to the first converter of the DC-DC converter assembly, and the second coil of the motor electromagnet stator is electrically connected to the second converter of the DC-DC converter assembly. A fuel cell pack with a fixed current is located outside the brushless DC motor; A first fuel cell is disposed within the constant current fuel cell pack; A second fuel cell is located within the constant current fuel cell pack; The first converter of the DC-DC converter group is electrically connected to the first fuel cell of the constant current fuel cell group, and the second converter of the DC-DC converter group is electrically connected to the second fuel cell of the constant current fuel cell group. The multiple coil groups consisting of the first and second coils of the motor's electromagnetic stator, the first and second converters of the DC-DC converter group, and the multiple fuel cell groups consisting of the first and second fuel cells of the constant current fuel cell group, together constitute a "fuel cell-guided stator flux conversion mechanism" to form a brushless DC motor driven by a fuel cell. As described in claim 1, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes the first fuel cell of the constant current fuel cell pack, which, through the first converter of the DC-DC converter pack, can supply power to the first coil of the motor's electromagnet stator in a time-sharing manner. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the first coil and the N-pole magnet and the S-pole magnet, the motor can drive the N-pole magnet. The S-pole magnet's motor magnet rotor rotates, and the load is driven by the rotating shaft. Thus, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can partially change the electromagnetic interaction strength between the motor magnet stator and the motor magnet rotor, thereby partially altering the rotational torque of the rotating shaft to achieve the first stage of motor torque operation, without affecting the current flow of the first fuel cell. As described in claim 1, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes the second fuel cell of the constant current fuel cell pack, which, through the second converter of the DC-DC converter pack, can supply power to the second coil of the motor's electromagnet stator in a time-sharing manner. Through the electromagnetic interaction between the second coil and the N-pole magnet and the S-pole magnet, the motor can drive the N-pole magnet. The S-pole magnet's motor magnet rotor rotates, and the load is driven by the rotating shaft. Thus, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can partially change the electromagnetic interaction strength between the motor magnet stator and the motor magnet rotor, thereby partially altering the rotational torque of the rotating shaft to achieve a second-stage motor torque operation, without affecting the current flow of the second fuel cell. As described in claim 1, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes a first fuel cell from the constant current fuel cell assembly to supply power to the first coil of the motor's electromagnet stator via a first converter in the micro-controlled DC-DC converter assembly. Furthermore, the fuel cell brushless DC motor utilizes a second fuel cell from the constant current fuel cell assembly to supply power to the second coil of the motor's electromagnet stator via a second converter in the micro-controlled DC-DC converter assembly. The first coil, the... The electromagnetic interaction between the second coil and the N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets drives the rotor of the motor with the N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets to rotate, and the load is driven by the rotating shaft. In this way, the fuel cell brushless DC motor can completely change the electromagnetic interaction intensity between the motor stator and the motor rotor, thereby completely changing the rotational torque of the rotating shaft to achieve the third torque operation of the motor, without affecting the current flow of the first and second fuel cells.