TWM664081U - Polarizing substrate and the display media module, the display apparatus using the polarizing substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

A polarizing substrate and the display media module, the display apparatus using the polarizing substrate. A polarizing substrate with a pixel electrode, by controlling the magnitude of the relative electric energy signal difference between the pixel electrode of the polarizing substrate and another pixel electrode located in the polarizing substrate, display medium module or display apparatus, modulate the passing through polarization flux magnitude of the display medium module and the display apparatus, to achieve the display effect.

Description

Polarizing substrate and display medium module and display device using the polarizing substrate

This invention relates to the field of polarizing substrates, especially a polarizing substrate and a display medium module and a display device using the polarizing substrate. More specifically, this invention relates to a polarizing substrate having a pixel electrode layer, and the display effect is achieved by controlling the relative power signal difference between the pixel electrode layer of the polarizing substrate and another pixel electrode layer in the polarizing substrate, the display medium module or the display device to modulate the amount of polarized light flux passing through the display medium module and the display device.

With the advancement of the times and technology, people have become more demanding in terms of visual image quality. They hope for display devices that are thin and light, have high contrast, high dynamic range, high color saturation, high aperture ratio, large display size, low cost, low power consumption, high quality, and easy to maintain. Display devices can be divided into self-luminous or non-self-luminous display modes, which use the amount of polarized light flux passing through the display medium to achieve the image display function. Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) is a non-self-luminous flat display device. By matching color filters, backlights, optical functional sheets, polarizers and other functional components, the voltage difference applied to the upper/lower pixel electrode layer of the liquid crystal display medium is used to adjust the amount of polarized light flux passing through the liquid crystal display medium to achieve a color display effect.

Self-luminous display devices include plasma, field emission, photoluminescence, thermoluminescence, electroluminescence, inorganic and organic light-emitting diodes. Among them, organic light-emitting diode display devices (OLED) use polymer luminescent materials deposited between the lower pixel electrode and the upper pixel electrode layer, with electron and hole conduction layers and injection layers. By applying an external bias electric field, electrons and hole carriers move and enter the polymer luminescent material with luminescent properties. When they recombine, they generate excitons to form a luminescent display phenomenon. Organic light-emitting diode display devices have relatively wide viewing angles, fast response speeds, small panel thickness, no need for backlight and color filters, and can be manufactured in large sizes and flexible displays. Because they are self-luminous display modes, when external light sources shine on the metal electrodes of OLEDs, reflected light will be generated, which will cause image display interference on the display surface of OLEDs, reducing image contrast and display quality. Therefore, in the structural design of OLEDs, a circular polarizer with a quarter-wave plate is placed on the outer layer to block the reflection of external light to ensure a display device with higher contrast.

Generally, polarizers are mainly made of polyvinyl alcohol film, cellulose triacetate film, protective film, release film and pressure-sensitive adhesive. Its function is to filter and block the light of non-specific direction from the general multi-directional light source, i.e., non-polarized light, and to make it polarized light with specific direction. In FIG. 1, the basic structure of the conventional polarizer 5 includes: a polarizing element layer 15 composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA film) adsorbed with dichroism material iodine or dye. Originally, PVA molecules are randomly distributed at any angle. After being stretched by external stress, the molecules gradually deflect in the direction of the force, and the iodine ions or dyes attached to PVA also have directionality, so they can absorb the electric field component of the light flux parallel to its arrangement direction and only allow the electric field component of the light flux in the vertical direction to pass through. The PVA film is the core part of the polarizer and is responsible for polarization. It determines the key indicators of the polarization performance, transmittance, color tone and other main optical functions of the polarizer. After the PVA film in the polarizer is stretched by external stress, its mechanical properties are usually reduced, and it becomes easy to break and absorb water. If it is not properly protected, it will lose its polarization performance. Usually, a protective film layer 16 (for example: triacetate cellulose ester Triacetate Cellulose, TAC) with excellent support, optical uniformity, high transparency, acid and alkali resistance and UV resistance is used on both sides of the PVA film to isolate moisture and air, cover the stretched PVA film layer, and constitute the support, protection and anti-retraction functions of the polarizer layer 15. In addition, the basic structure of the polarizer further includes another protective film 13 of polyethylene (PE film) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET film) release film 19 having the characteristics of high strength, good transparency, acid and alkali resistance, anti-static, etc., and can be coated with adhesive to be adhered to the protective film layer 16 (TAC) of the polarizer to strengthen the protection of the polarizing element layer 15 from external damage. In addition, in order to achieve a better display image and avoid the interference of internal or external stray light, another protective film 13 on the optical protective film layer 16 (TAC) or directly on the protective film layer 16 (TAC) can be selected to perform some surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), etc., to improve the resolution and image display quality of the display image. In addition, the basic structure of the polarizer also includes a pressure sensitive adhesive 18 (Pressure Sensitive Adhesive) composed of various acrylic polymers as the main materials. PSA has good adhesion and transparency, and is one of the common adhesive materials between some optical functional film layers. It is mainly used to adhere polarizers to the glass substrate of display devices. This pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 usually needs to be optimized and matured for several days at a specific ambient temperature (the main bottleneck of polarizer production). The main purpose is to make the main adhesive and hardener in the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 stable, to achieve the conditions or properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive that can completely release the internal stress, so that the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 can be further optimized when it is subsequently bonded with the protective film layer 16 (TAC) and the release film 19 (PET), so as to improve the production yield and image quality of the display device.

The PET (polyethylene terephthalate film) of the release film 19 has the characteristics of high strength, not easy to deform, good transparency, and high surface flatness. The single-sided coating of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 has different peel strength adhesion. Before the polarizer is bonded to the display device, it can protect the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 layer from damage or foreign matter attachment to avoid bubbles during the bonding process. One of the main reasons for the warping of polarizers is usually due to abnormal conditions in the optimized curing process of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18, the viscosity of the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 being affected by the external ambient temperature and humidity, the uneven cutting stress when the polarizer is cut into size, the expansion/contraction stress caused by the inconsistent thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of the protective film 13 and the release film 19, the large difference in surface stress of each film layer, and the humidity effect caused by the long idle time of the polarizer after the vacuum packaging is removed, etc., which cause the polarizer to deform and warp.

Polarizer is one of the main components of liquid crystal display devices. Usually two polarizers are needed, which are respectively attached to the color filter (CF) and the TFT glass substrate. The lower polarizer attached to the TFT glass substrate is responsible for converting the backlight beam into polarized light, and the polarizer attached to the CF glass substrate is responsible for analyzing the polarized light. Usually, liquid crystal display devices use the voltage difference between the lower pixel electrode layer on the TFT glass substrate and the upper pixel electrode layer on the CF glass substrate, combined with the torsion characteristics of the liquid crystal display medium to adjust the amount of polarized light flux passing through the liquid crystal display medium to display the light and dark grayscale of the pixel electrode. At the same time, if it is combined with a color filter substrate, the color display effect can be achieved. (Compared to LCD display devices, OLED devices generally only require a circular polarizer attached to the OLED display device substrate to block the reflection of external light and ensure that the display surface has a higher contrast).

The display methods of display devices such as liquid crystal and organic light-emitting diodes are all based on a transparent substrate (such as glass, but not limited to this), and thin film transistors (Thin Film Transistor, TFT), lower pixel electrode layer, and then select to sequentially form a conductive layer, an injection layer and a display medium layer (for example: quantum dots, polymer luminescent materials, etc., but not limited to these) and upper pixel electrode layer and other components, or select another transparent substrate including an upper pixel electrode layer and/or a color filter material, and form a display medium (for example: liquid crystal, but not limited to these) between the upper/lower pixel electrode layers in the two transparent substrates, and then use the difference in voltage or current applied to the upper or lower pixel electrode layer by a thin film transistor to adjust the state of the amount of polarized light flux passing through the display medium, as a self-luminous or non-spontaneous luminous display device.

FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device 20. In the general process of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, thin film transistors and a lower pixel electrode layer 26 are usually completed on a TFT glass substrate 22, and a color filter layer and an upper pixel electrode layer 28 are completed on another CF glass substrate 21. The liquid crystal panel assembly manufacturing process is then simultaneously entered. First, the glass substrate is cleaned, followed by polyimide (PI) printing and rubbing treatment, and then sealing material coating and liquid crystal filling are performed. After the above processes are completed, the CF and TFT glass substrates are aligned and bonded to seal the liquid crystal display medium 25. After the lamination is completed, the large-area initial CF and TFT glass substrate mother sheets will be cut according to the product size requirements, and then the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 (PSA) in the polarizer 5 will be used to laminate a polarizer 5 on each of the cut TFT glass substrate 22 and CF glass substrate 21, and they will be fixed on the above glass substrates in staggered directions. The main purpose of the polarizer is to match the thin film transistor to apply the voltage or current difference to the pixel electrode layer above or below the liquid crystal display medium, and use the difference to adjust the amount of polarized light flux passing through the liquid crystal display medium, so that the backlight source can present a light and dark state (non-spontaneous light display mode) to achieve the function of displaying images.

In addition, OLED display devices use thin film transistors on the OLED display substrate to control the voltage or current difference applied to the upper/lower pixel electrode layer sandwiched between the OLED light-emitting display medium material, and use the difference to adjust the amount of light flux passing through the OLED polymer light-emitting display medium material to achieve the function of displaying images (a self-luminous display mode). Usually, a circular polarizer is also required to be attached to the OLED display device substrate to block the reflection of external light and ensure a higher contrast of the display device.

The main indicators of polarizer performance include optical properties, mechanical properties and reliability (but not limited to these). Usually, polarizers are prone to deformation, shrinkage or relaxation when heated or absorbing moisture. In particular, the material properties of the TAC protective layer film 16 and the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 are quite different, which can easily cause stress and cause adverse conditions such as warping of the polarizer. In the subsequent process of attaching the polarizer, bubbles and peeling may occur. In addition to having appropriate initial adhesion, sustained adhesion and good optical properties, the pressure-sensitive adhesive 18 of the polarizer is also required to have good moisture and heat resistance, aging resistance and re-peeling performance. The reason for the defect of polarizer is usually appearance defect. The warp will cause problems such as biased bonding bubbles and poor bonding during panel processing. In the treatment of poor bonding, the bad polarizer needs to be torn off and reworked. Tearing off and re-bonding the polarizer may increase production costs, and the display panel is easy to break, resulting in low production yield. The bubbles caused by the polarizer attachment process are wrapped in air. When the light source of the backlight module passes through the polarizer, the light will be refracted when passing through the air, and light leakage will occur in the display device. In addition, it will also produce large appearance defects. The display device specifications do not allow any appearance defects that cause production yield loss.

In summary, the existing polarizers and display devices using the polarizers still have various deficiencies that need to be improved.

This invention provides a polarizing substrate, including a polarizing element and at least one or more optical functional film layers, the optical functional film layer is located on the polarizing element. The optical functional film layer has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface is located on the polarizing element and a pixel electrode layer is disposed on the second surface of the optical functional film layer. By applying a voltage or current signal to the pixel electrode layer in the optical functional film layer, the amount of light flux passing through the pixel electrode layer is adjusted to present the brightness and darkness of the pixel electrode layer, thereby achieving the function of image display.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a polarizing substrate that can suppress the warping of the polarizing substrate in a heated and humid environment, and suppress the formation of bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to the display device substrate, resulting in light leakage in the display device.

This invention also provides a polarizing substrate, which removes the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the polarizing substrate that must be used in the manufacturing process of attaching and fixing the display device substrate, thereby reducing problems such as poor bonding and production yield.

Here, this invention also provides a polarizing substrate, the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate can be subjected to some surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), etc., to improve the resolution and quality of the display screen.

This invention further provides a display medium module, which includes at least one or more display medium layers, at least one or more polarizing substrates with first pixel electrodes, and another second pixel electrode relative to the first pixel electrode, and the display medium layer is sandwiched between the two pixel electrodes. By adjusting the relative power signal difference applied to the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, the amount of light flux passing through the display medium layer is modulated to present the light and dark effect of the display medium, thereby achieving the image display function.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a display medium module. The polarizing substrate in the display medium module eliminates the manufacturing process that requires the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the polarizing substrate to be attached to the display device substrate, thereby reducing problems such as poor bonding and production yield loss.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a display medium module, in which the polarizing substrate in the display medium module can suppress the warping phenomenon of the polarizing substrate that is easy to occur in a heated and humid environment, and suppress the occurrence of air bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to the display device substrate, which causes the display device to leak light.

The purpose of this creation is also to provide a display medium module. The optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate in the display medium module can be subjected to some surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) to improve the resolution and quality of the display screen.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a display device, which includes at least one or more display medium modules having one or more paired pixel electrodes, and an active switch element. The active switch element can be electrically connected to the pixel electrodes in the display medium module, and the active switch element modulates the size of the electric energy signal applied to the pixel electrodes in the display medium module to adjust the amount of light flux passing through the display medium between the paired pixel electrodes, so as to present the light and dark effect of the display medium and accurately achieve the image display function.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a display device, wherein the display medium module in the display device includes at least one polarizing substrate, and the polarizing substrate is capable of suppressing the warping phenomenon of the polarizing substrate that is easily generated in a heated and hygroscopic environment, and suppressing the occurrence of air bubbles when the polarizing substrate is attached to the display device substrate, thereby causing light leakage in the display device.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide a display device, in which the display medium module includes at least one polarizing substrate, and the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate can be subjected to some surface treatments such as anti-glare (AG), low reflection (LR), transparent hardening (CHC), and anti-reflection (AR) to improve the resolution and quality of the display screen.

Through the polarizing substrate with pixel electrodes of this invention, the size of the electric energy signal applied to the corresponding pixel electrode in the polarizing substrate is modulated to adjust the amount of light flux passing through the polarizing element in the polarizing substrate and the display medium module, and the light and dark effect is presented, thereby achieving the function of image display. In addition, the above-mentioned polarizing substrate is a structure without pressure-sensitive adhesive, which can further suppress the phenomenon of warping of the polarizing substrate in a heated and hygroscopic environment, and eliminate the problem of poor bonding and air bubbles when the polarizing substrate is bonded to the display device substrate, which causes production yield loss or light leakage in the display device.

5: Polarizer

13: Protective film

15: Polarizing element layer

16: Polarized protective film layer

18: Pressure-sensitive adhesive

19: Release film (PET)

20: Display device

21:CF glass substrate

22: TFT glass substrate

25: LCD display medium

26: Lower pixel electrode layer

28: Upper pixel electrode layer

30,40,60,140,300,340,390: Polarized base material

31,41,61,141,341,381,441: First surface of optical functional film layer

32,42,62,142,342,382,442: Optical functional film layer second surface

34,44,64,144,304,344,384: Optical functional film layer

34M: Composite optical functional film layer

35,45,65,145,305,345,385: Polarizing elements

36,386: Pixel electrode

46,66,146,346,446: First pixel electrode

48,68,148,348,448: Second pixel electrode

50,70,150,160,250,350,380,450,460: Display media module

55,75,75A/75B/75C,155,395: Display dielectric layer

80,90,190:Display device

93,293:Packaging carrier

100,200: Active switch components

101: Connecting wires

103: Transistor substrate part

105: Transistor part

105C,347,447,467: Conductor

105D: Drain

105E: Conductive electrode

105G: Gate

105S: Source

110,210: Electrical functional components

220,420: Photoelectric functional substrate

222: Optical functional components

314: Optical element film layer

343,389H,463,443: Perforation

388: Pixel reference electrode

393: Pixel pitch conversion module

398: Circuit conductor

421: Light-emitting element

469:Electrical switching module

P1,PP: spacing

By further describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the advantages and features of the present invention will become more clear.

[Figure 1] is a cross-sectional diagram of the traditional basic structure of a polarizer.

[Figure 2] is a cross-sectional diagram of the basic structure of a traditional liquid crystal display device.

[Figure 3A] is a cross-sectional view of the polarizing substrate of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 3B] is a cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the polarizing substrate of the present invention.

[Figure 4A] is a cross-sectional view of the display medium module of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4B] is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4C] is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4D] is a cross-sectional view of a display medium module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4E] is a top view of the display medium module of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4F] is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the display medium module along the section line A-A according to Figure 4E.

[Figure 4G] is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the dielectric module along the section line B-B according to Figure 4E.

[Figure 5] is a cross-sectional view of a medium module showing another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 6] is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 7] is a cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the display device according to the present invention.

[Figure 8] is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The following will further illustrate the implementation of the present invention with one or more embodiments, but the one or more embodiments described below are not intended to limit the present invention to be implemented only in the materials, environment, application, structure, process or step described above. In each figure, components that are not directly related to the present invention have been omitted. In the figures, the size relationship between the components is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and is not intended to limit the actual size ratio of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, in the following content, the same (similar or similar) component symbols correspond to the same (similar or similar) components. For example: when a layer, film, region or substrate element is referred to as being "on", "bonded", "connected", "combined", "set", "contacted", "formed", or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element on the other element, or directly bonded to the other element, or another element may be included in between the two elements to form a common combination. On the contrary, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "directly connected to", "directly in contact", "directly bonded", "directly combined", "directly formed", or "directly set" to another element, it means that there is no other element in between.

When the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in this article to describe various elements, films, layers or components, these elements, films, layers or components should not be limited by these terms in the description. The above terms only distinguish one element, film, layer or component from another element, film, layer or component. Therefore, the "first element", "substrate", "film", "layer", "substrate" or "component" discussed below can also be referred to as the second element, film, layer or component without departing from the teachings of this article.

The relative terms "lower", "bottom", "upper", and "top" in the description are used in the drawings to describe that one element, film, layer, or component is considered to be in a relative relationship with another element, film, layer, or component. Relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device other than the orientation shown in the figure. For example, if the device in the attached figure is turned over, the element described as being on the "lower" side of the original other elements will be re-viewed as corresponding to the "upper" side of the other elements. Therefore, the exemplary explanatory term "lower" can include the relative orientation relationship of "lower" and "upper". For example, if the device in an attached figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements will be re-viewed as being "above" other elements. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" or "below" can be positioned to include the orientation of above and/or below.

In order to solve the aforementioned technical problems faced by the conventional polarizer and the display device using the polarizer and the manufacturing method thereof. Here, please refer to Figure 3A, which is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a polarizing substrate 30 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3A, the present invention provides a polarizing substrate 30, comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 35 and an optical functional film layer 34. Among them, the optical functional film layer 34 has a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 relative to the first surface 31, and the first surface 31 is disposed on the polarizing element 35; and a patterned pixel electrode 36 is disposed on the second surface 32 of the optical functional film layer 34. The polarizing element 35 in the polarizing substrate 30 can convert omnidirectional light into only single-directional polarized light, and shield or absorb light vibrating in other directions. By applying the size of the electric energy signal to the patterned pixel electrode 36, the amount of light flux of the pixel electrode 36 passing through the optical functional film layer 34 in the polarizing substrate 30 is adjusted or modulated, so as to present the brightness and darkness effect of the pixel electrode 36, thereby achieving the function of the polarizing substrate 30 as an image display substrate (here, the display medium and another pixel electrode layer required to achieve the display brightness and darkness effect are omitted, and the display medium module and display device using the polarizing substrate 30 will be described together in the following).

By applying the size of the electric energy signal to the pixel electrode layer 36 of the polarizing substrate 30, the brightness, viewing angle, display quality, etc. of the light on the pixel electrode layer can be controlled. It is not limited to being a key component of the display device, but also includes applications in other products, such as: anti-glare goggles, filters for photographic equipment, polarized sunglasses, anti-glare treatment and polarization amount adjusters for car headlights, polarized microscopes and special medical polarized glasses, etc. (not shown).

The polarizing element 35 can be made of a high molecular film (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA) with good light transmittance, adsorbed with dichroic substances (such as iodine), so that iodine ions diffuse and penetrate into the inner layer of PVA, and then stretched several times after slight heating, becoming thinner and narrower at the same time. Since PVA molecules are randomly distributed at any angle, after being stretched by tensile stress, the polymer is uniformly arranged in the direction of stress, so that the attached iodine ions also form directional long chains at the same time, so that the electric field component of the light flux parallel to its arrangement direction can be absorbed, and the electric field component of the light flux perpendicular to the light direction can be passed. The manufacturing process of stretching polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA) is the main method for producing polarizing element 35 at present, which can meet the requirements of large area and low manufacturing cost of display device. In addition, other manufacturing methods may be selected, such as the polarizing element 35 including metal polarization that forms a fine metal grid (slits), dye-based polarization, polyethylene polarization, or a combination of one or more of the above methods (including iodine-based polarization).

The first surface 31 of the optical functional film layer 34 in the polarizing substrate 30 is usually adhered to the polarizing element 35 by an optical adhesive (not shown) containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prevent the polarizing element 35 from retracting due to tensile stress and protect the polarizing element 35. The optical functional film layer 34 needs to have good optical properties: transmittance, refractive index, absorptivity and color gamut, etc., especially high transmittance to reduce the loss of light flux, and stable material properties: mechanical strength, adhesion, tolerance, permeability, dimensional stability, etc., to prevent the retraction of tensile stress and protect the polarizing element 35. The optical functional film layer 34 can be made of powdered triacetate fiber (TAC) through dissolution, filtration, plasticization, injection molding, drying and other manufacturing processes to obtain an optical functional film layer 34 with excellent light uniformity, light transmittance, acid and alkali resistance, mechanical strength, adhesion, tolerance and UV resistance (omitting some additional additives or manufacturing processes for optimizing performance).

The optical functional film layer 34 is made of triacetate fiber (TAC) material and may also be made of the following materials (but not limited to): light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, thin rigid materials, thin metal materials, ceramic materials, glass materials, insulating materials, metal compounds, thin metal alloys, organic materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, epoxy resins, and a combination of one or more of the above materials (omitting some additives used to optimize performance). The aforementioned flexible materials may include: polyethylene naphthalate plastic (PEN), polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), polyether ether plastic (PES), polyethylene terephthalate plastic (PET), aromatic polyester plastic (PAR), polystyrene plastic (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile plastic (PAN), cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyamide plastic (PA), epoxy resin (ER), thin glass, and one or more combinations thereof.

Please refer to FIG. 3B for a cross-sectional view of a polarizing substrate 300 structure according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3B, the present invention provides a polarizing substrate 300, comprising at least one or more polarizing elements 305 and an optical functional film layer 304. The surface 301 of the optical functional film layer 304 in the polarizing substrate 300 can be selectively treated by coating, sputtering, or other surface treatment methods, including: Anti-Glare (AG), Anti-Glare + Low-Reflection (AG + Low-Reflection, LR), Clear Hard Coating + Low-Reflection (CHC + LR), Clear Hard Coating (CHC), Anti-Reflection (AR), and lens forming, etc. One or more surface treatment methods in combination to improve the resolution and quality of the display screen. In addition, another optical element film layer 314 may be added to the original optical functional film layer 304, such as a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a focusing film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a light-shielding film layer and a lens film layer, etc., to form another composite optical functional film layer 34M, which is also another form of the above-mentioned surface treatment method to improve the display image quality.

The patterned pixel electrode 36 disposed on the surface of the optical functional film layer can be selectively made of the following materials (but not limited to): metal transparent oxide conductive material, thin metal conductive material, ink conductive material, conductive polymer material, light-transmitting conductive material, opaque conductive material, soft conductive material, rigid conductive material, metal complex conductive material, metal compound, thin metal alloy, organic conductive material, inorganic conductive material, composite conductive material and one or more combinations thereof. The manufacturing method of the pixel electrode 36 may include first setting it on the aforementioned other optical element film layer 314 and then combining, gluing, bonding, and joining it with the optical functional film layer 34 to form a composite optical functional film layer 34M with the pixel electrode 36, or manufacturing the pixel electrode 36 on the surface of the optical functional film layer 34. The shape of the pixel electrode 36 may include setting it to one of square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof (but not limited thereto) to enhance the display effect of various application fields.

The above describes the relevant technical contents of the polarizing substrate 30/300 structure of this embodiment. The following description of the technical contents of the polarizing substrate structure of other embodiments based on this invention should be mutually referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

Please refer to FIG. 4A which is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the display medium module 50 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4A , the present invention provides a display medium module 50, comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 40 (similar in structure to the above-mentioned polarizing substrate 30), which comprises: at least one or more polarizing elements 45, an optical functional film layer 44 having a first surface 41 and a second surface 42, wherein the first surface 41 is located on the polarizing element 45 and a first pixel electrode 46 is arranged on the second surface 42, a display medium layer 55 is formed on the first pixel electrode 46; and a second pixel electrode 48 is formed on the display medium layer 55, wherein the display medium layer 55 is arranged between the first pixel electrode 46 and the second pixel electrode 48 (the two pixel electrodes may be arranged on different surfaces or on the same surface). By applying the difference in the electric energy signal between the first pixel electrode 46 and the second pixel electrode 48 (for example, the size and/or direction of one of voltage, current, inductance, capacitance, electric field, magnetic field and their combination, but not limited thereto) to the corresponding display medium layer 55, the amount of light flux passing through the display medium layer 55 can be modulated to present the brightness and darkness of the display medium 55, thereby achieving the image display function.

Please refer to FIG. 4B for a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 150 structure of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4B , the present invention provides a display medium module 150, comprising at least one or more polarizing substrates 140 (similar in structure to the above-mentioned polarizing substrate 40), which comprises: at least one or more polarizing elements 145, an optical functional film layer 144 having a first surface 141 and a second surface 142, wherein the first surface 141 is located on the polarizing element 145 and a first pixel electrode 146 and a second pixel electrode 148 (located on the same surface 142) are disposed on the second surface 142; and a display medium layer 155 disposed on the first pixel electrode 146 and the second pixel electrode 148. By applying the difference in the electric energy signal between the first pixel electrode 146 and the second pixel electrode 148 (for example, the size and/or direction of one of voltage, current, inductance, capacitance, electric field, magnetic field and their combination, but not limited thereto) on the corresponding display medium layer 155, the amount of light flux passing through the display medium layer 155 can be modulated to present the brightness and darkness of the display medium 155, thereby achieving the image display function.

Please refer to FIG. 4C for a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 250 structure of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4C , the present invention provides a display medium module 250 including at least one or more polarizing substrates 40 (similar to the structure of the display medium module 50/150 described above), a display medium layer 55, and a second pixel electrode 48 formed on the display medium layer 55; and further including at least one or more optical functional elements 222 having optical functions assembled on the polarizing substrate 40. The optical functional element 222 includes a reflective functional element, a brightness enhancement functional element, a diffusion functional element, a light guiding functional element, a reflective functional element, an anti-reflective functional element, a light filtering functional element, a phase difference compensation functional element, an alignment functional element, a prism functional element, a light focusing functional element, a light diffusion functional element, a light shielding functional element, a lens functional element, and a combination of one or more of the above. It also includes setting the light emitting element 221 in the optical functional element 222 or on any surface thereof, and then combining it on the polarizing substrate 40. The light-emitting element 221 includes a light-emitting diode (LED), electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), incandescent lamp, flat fluorescent lamp (FFL), hot cathode fluorescent lamp (HCFL) and a combination thereof.

Please refer to FIG. 4D for a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 350 structure of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4D, the present invention provides a display multi-medium module 350 (similar to the structure of the display medium module 50/150/250 described above), comprising at least one or more display media (75A/75B/75C in FIG. 4D, but not limited to only three types, colors or materials, etc.), at least one or more polarizing substrates 340, which include: at least one or more polarizing elements 345, an optical functional film layer 344 having a first surface 341 and a second surface 342, and a pair of pixel electrodes 346/348 (e.g., a first pixel electrode 346 and a second pixel electrode 348) that can be patterned on the first surface 341 and/or the second surface 342. At least one or more through holes 343 may be formed in the optical functional film layer 344, and at least one or more conductors 347 may be disposed in the through holes for electrically connecting the pixel electrodes formed on the surface of the optical functional film layer 344. The display medium layer 75A/75B/75C is disposed between the first pixel electrode 346 and the second pixel electrode 348. In addition, the area sizes of the paired pixel electrodes corresponding to each display medium may be selected to be different, that is, the area size of the display medium corresponding to the modulation may also be different (as shown in Figure 4D: the pixel electrode of the modulation display medium 75A is twice the area of the display medium 75B, but not limited thereto). The optical functional film layer 344 may include at least one or more optical functional elements formed by the above-mentioned surface treatment method (not shown).

Please refer to Figures 4E to 4G. Figure 4E is a top view of the display medium module 380 structure according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4F is a cross-sectional view of the display medium module 380 along the section line A-A according to Figure 4E. Figure 4G is a cross-sectional view of the display medium module 380 along the section line B-B according to Figure 4E. As shown in FIGS. 4E to 4G, the present invention provides a display medium module 380, including at least one or more polarizing substrates 390 (similar in structure to the above-mentioned polarizing substrate 40), which include: at least one or more polarizing elements 385, an optical functional film layer 384 having a first surface 381 and a second surface 382, wherein the first surface 381 is located on the polarizing element 385 and a pixel electrode 386 is disposed on the second surface 382, a display medium layer 395 is formed on the pixel electrode 386, and a pixel reference electrode 388 is formed on the display medium layer 395, wherein the display medium Layer 395 is disposed between pixel electrode 386 and pixel reference electrode 388; and further includes at least one or more pixel pitch conversion modules 393 having at least one or more circuit conductors 398, which are used to electrically connect to pixel electrode 386 of display medium module 380 and external pixel electrode driving switch circuit (the figure only uses sixteen pixel electrodes and one pitch conversion module for simplified description, but is not limited to this; the required active switch components and/or electrical functional components are omitted for the time being to achieve the display pixel electrode brightness effect, which will be described together with the display device later). The display medium module 380 may further include at least one or more through holes 389H or grooves (not shown) disposed therein or on any side thereof (e.g., rear side, upper and lower sides, front side, left and right sides), and the pixel pitch conversion module 393 may be selectively integrated in the through hole 389H or groove (not shown) of the display medium module 380 as a medium for pixel pitch conversion. The pixel pitch conversion module 393 is used to convert the distance between two adjacent pixel electrodes 386 (PP) to the distance between two adjacent circuit conductors 398 (P1), and the distance P1 between adjacent circuit conductors 398 is smaller than the distance PP between adjacent pixel electrodes.

Please refer to FIG. 5 for a cross-sectional view of a display medium module 450 structure of another preferred embodiment of the invention . As shown in FIG. 5 , the invention provides a detachable display medium module 450 , which includes at least one or more detachable display medium modules 460 and an optoelectronic functional substrate 420 . Among them, the display medium module 460 (similar in structure to the above-mentioned display medium modules 50/150/250/350/380, for example: Figures 4A/4B/4C/4D/4F/4G, but not limited to these structural categories) includes at least one or more through holes 463 formed therein and at least one or more conductors 467 are arranged in the through holes 463. An electrical conversion module 469 including at least one or more conductors 467 can also be optionally arranged on any side thereof (for example: rear side, upper and lower sides, front side, left and right sides). The optoelectronic functional substrate 420 has a first surface 441 and a second surface 442, wherein at least one or more light-emitting elements 421 are formed in or on any surface of the optoelectronic functional element 420, and at least one or more through-holes 443 may be formed in the optoelectronic functional substrate 420 and at least one or more conductors 447 may be disposed in the through-holes. The first pixel electrode 446 and/or the second pixel electrode 448 of the display medium module 460 may be electrically connected to the conductor 467 of the display medium module 460 and the conductor 447 of the optoelectronic functional substrate 420 by one of fixed bonding (e.g., fusion bonding, metal hot pressing bonding, polymer adhesive bonding, and combinations thereof, but not limited thereto), detachable bonding (e.g., via a connector, but not limited thereto), or a combination thereof.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the detachable display medium module 450 can be configured as an independent assembly and disassembly type, that is, each display medium module 460 has no components integrally connected to another display medium module 460 (e.g., display medium layer, optical functional film layer, polarizing element, etc.), so each display medium module 460 can be individually detached from the optoelectronic functional substrate 420. Therefore, when a display medium module 460 is damaged, it can be detached and then replaced with a normal display medium module 460.

The display medium layer 55/155/75A/75B/75C/395 can be positioned as a light modulating medium (e.g., self-luminous, non-self-luminous, etc.), and the display medium layer is disposed between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode or the pixel reference electrode. By applying the difference in the electric energy signal between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode or the pixel reference electrode, the amount of light passing through the display medium layer is controlled. If a liquid crystal of a non-self-luminous medium material is used as the display medium layer, the change indicates the rearrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. If an organic light-emitting diode of a self-luminescent medium material is used as a display medium layer, the phenomenon of electron and hole carrier recombination is generated by moving carriers according to the size of an external electric field to produce color and light intensity. Among them, non-self-luminescent medium materials may include at least one of liquid crystal, electrophoresis, fluid, micro-electromechanical reflection, electrowetting, electronic ink, magnetofluid, electrochromic, electrophase change, and thermochromic. Self-luminescent medium materials may include at least one of electroluminescent materials, photoluminescent materials, cathode luminescent materials, field emission luminescent materials, phosphorescent materials, fluorescent materials, quantum dot materials, and light-emitting diode materials to produce white, red, green, blue, orange, indigo, purple, yellow, or a combination thereof.

In addition to the non-spontaneous luminescent medium or the self-luminescent medium material, the display medium layer may also include a filter material, a conductive material, an insulating material, a light absorbing material, a light reflecting material, a light refracting material, a polarizing material, a light diffusing material, a light transmitting material, and one or more of the above materials. The above materials may be disposed on the surface of the optical functional film layer of the polarizing substrate, and may also be selectively treated by coating, sputtering, and other surface treatment methods, including anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low-reflection (LR), clear hardening + low-reflection (CLEAR HARD GLARE), and other surface treatment methods. Coating, CHC+LR), transparent hardening treatment (CHC), anti-reflection (AR), etc. or adding another optical element film layer to the original optical functional film layer, including reflective film layer, brightness enhancement film layer, anti-reflective film layer, filter film layer, phase difference compensation film layer, alignment film layer, diffusion film layer, prism film layer, focusing film layer, light-scattering film layer, shading film layer, transparent film layer or a combination of one or more of the above, which is also another type of surface treatment method.

The shapes of the above-mentioned display medium modules can be set to one of square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof (but not limited thereto); and the shapes of the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode in all the above-mentioned display medium modules can also be set to one of square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof (but not limited thereto), so as to enhance the display effect of various application fields of the display medium.

The above describes the relevant technical contents of the display medium modules 50/70/150/160/250/350/380/450/460 structures of this embodiment, and then describes the technical contents of the display medium module structures of other embodiments based on this creation. The technical contents of the display medium module structures of each embodiment should be mutually referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

Please refer to FIG. 6 for a cross-sectional view of a display device 80 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the present invention provides a display device 80, comprising at least one or more display medium modules 70 (similar in structure to the display medium modules 50/150/250/350/380/390, etc.); wherein, at least one or more polarizing substrates 60 (similar in structure to the polarizing substrate 40, etc.), including at least one or more polarizing elements 65, an optical functional film layer 64 having a first surface 61 and a second surface 62, and a first pixel electrode disposed on the second surface 62. 66, a display dielectric layer 75 formed on the first pixel electrode 66 and a second pixel electrode 68 formed on the display dielectric layer 75, wherein the display dielectric layer 75 is disposed between the first pixel electrode 66 and the second pixel electrode 68; and an active switch element 100, comprising a transistor substrate portion 103 and at least one or more transistor portions 105 (for simplicity of explanation, only one transistor portion 105 is shown, but not limited thereto), and the transistor portion 105 is formed on the transistor substrate portion 103. That is, the transistor substrate portion 103 is a part of a transistor substrate (not shown), and the transistor substrate is cut into a plurality of active switch elements 100 (including at least one or more transistor portions 105) through a subsequent cutting step. The active switch element 100 can also be regarded as a chip or a die. The active switch element 100 can be electrically connected to the first pixel electrode of the display medium module 70 by fixed bonding (for example, melting bonding, metal heat pressing bonding, polymer adhesive bonding and a combination thereof), detachable bonding (for example, via a connector) or other electrical connection methods (for example, connecting wire 101). 66. The second pixel electrode and/or pixel reference electrode (not shown) modulates the power signal applied to the first pixel electrode layer 66 through the active switch element 100 to modulate the relative power signal difference with the second pixel electrode layer or the pixel reference electrode (not shown) to modulate the polarization flux of the display medium 75 to present the display device 80 to display image information.

The transistor substrate 103 in the active switch element 100 can be selected according to the needs to use the following transistor substrates (not shown), for example: silicon wafer, glass, quartz, metal, metal oxide, germanium, selenium, insulator-covered silicon, gallium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, III-V compounds, II-VI compounds, IV-IV compounds, IV-IV alloys, amorphous silicon, organic , polymer plastics, inorganic substances and one or more combinations thereof; wherein the transistor portion 105 can be manufactured on a transistor substrate (e.g., a silicon wafer or a glass substrate) through a series of transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing processes, including: exposure, development, etching, diffusion, deposition, ion implantation, cleaning, inspection and other process steps. In addition, the transistor portion 105 can also be manufactured by a series of inkjet, titration and other processes using an inkjet system, or by combining exposure, development, etching, diffusion, deposition, ion implantation, cleaning, inspection and other process steps to complete the transistor portion 105. The transistor substrate (not shown) is then divided into a plurality of active switch elements 100 (including at least one or more transistor parts 105) through subsequent cutting steps. The active switch element 100 can also be regarded as a chip or a die. In addition, the active switch element 100 can also include a plurality of conductors 105C and a plurality of conductive electrodes 105E, which are formed on the surface of the transistor substrate part 103 and/or the transistor part 105 or are electrically connected to the source 105S, gate 105G and drain 105D included in each crystal transistor part 105 or are electrically connected to the relevant electrodes of the display medium module.

The active switch element 100 can be manufactured by a transistor substrate (not shown) to complete the transistor part 105 (but not limited thereto) separately, rather than being manufactured directly on a certain part of the display medium module 70, so the related manufacturing process of the active switch element 100 is not limited by the material properties of the display medium module 70 itself. When the active switch element 100 is manufactured on a transistor substrate, the active switch element 100 can have better circuit driving characteristics (such as smaller size, better yield or better transistor electron mobility, etc.) because the transistor substrate can withstand a manufacturing temperature condition higher than that of the display medium module 70 and the related transistor manufacturing process technology is more mature. In addition, the active switch element 100 can also select the optical functional film layer 64 or another optical element film layer mentioned above that is more resistant to high temperature in the display medium module 70, and after the transistor part 105 (not shown) is manufactured on the optical functional film layer 64 or on another optical element film layer (not shown), it is attached to the optical functional film layer 64 through the process steps similar to the above series of transistors or thin film transistors.

The above describes the relevant technical contents of the display device 80 structure of this embodiment, and then describes the technical contents of the display device structure of other embodiments based on this creation. The technical contents of the display device structure of each embodiment should be mutually referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

Please refer to FIG. 7 for a cross-sectional view of a display device 90 structure according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the present invention provides a display device 90 (similar to the structure of the display device 80 described above), which includes at least one or more active switch components 100 and a display medium module 70, and further includes an electrical functional component 110 and a package carrier 93. The active switch component 100 or the electrical functional component 110 can be selected on the same transistor substrate (not shown) or separated on different transistor substrates, and manufactured through the aforementioned series of transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing processes. The manufacturing materials of the packaging carrier 93 may include (but are not limited to): semiconductor materials, conductive materials, insulating materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, metal materials, metal alloy materials, ceramic materials, composite materials, light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, rigid materials, non-metallic materials and a combination of one or more of the above. In addition, the package carrier 93 may further include: circuit substrate, conductive line, conductive connection pad, conductive connection column, conductive connection bump, conductive connection point, insulating medium, adhesive medium, connecting wire, silicon interlayer, glass interlayer, quartz interlayer, metal oxide interlayer, insulator-covered silicon interlayer, gallium arsenide interlayer, gallium nitride interlayer, silicon carbide, III-V compound interlayer, II-VI compound interlayer, IV-IV compound interlayer, amorphous silicon interlayer, organic interlayer, polymer plastic interlayer, inorganic interlayer and one or more combinations thereof and other structures and materials (not shown, but not limited to this).

The active switch element 100 and/or the electrical functional element 110 can be packaged using the structure and materials of the aforementioned packaging carrier 93, and then assembled with the display medium module 70 to complete the display device 90. This not only protects the active switch element 100 and the electrical functional element 110, but also makes the assembly operation to the display medium module 70 easier. The package carrier 93 can be regarded as a small chip or die package for modulating the control display medium. Through its structure and material assembly, the active switch element 100 (the dotted circle is an enlarged image) and the electrical function element 110 (the dotted circle is an enlarged image) are integrated into the image drive circuit to convert the line spacing, shorten the signal transmission or interconnection, shorten the power transmission distance, increase the transmission rate, improve the energy efficiency and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The package carrier 93 can be selected by a fixed method (for example: fusion bonding, metal bonding, etc.) The first pixel electrode layer 66 of the display medium module 70 is electrically connected to the display medium module 70 by heat-pressing bonding, polymer adhesive bonding, and a combination thereof), disassembly bonding (e.g., via a connector), or other electrical connection methods (e.g., connecting wire 101), and the relative power signal difference between the first pixel electrode layer 66 and the second pixel electrode layer 68 is modulated by modulating the polarization flux state of the display medium 75, so as to present the display device 90 to display image information.

The electrical functional element 110 is a functional element having a specific electronic function, and is not directly manufactured from a certain part of the display medium module 70. In other words, the electrical functional element 110 is first manufactured after the transistor substrate is completed, and then assembled to the display medium module 70. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the electrical functional element 110 is not limited by the material properties of the display medium module 70 itself. The electrical functional element 110 of a specific electronic function may optionally include the following functions, for example: a touch sensing functional element, a displacement sensing functional element, a temperature and humidity sensing functional element, a sound wave sensing functional element, an electromagnetic wave sensing functional element, an image capture functional element, a memory functional element, a control functional element, a wireless communication functional element, a self-luminous functional element, a passive element (inductor, resistor, capacitor or a combination thereof) and a photovoltaic functional element, one or more of the above (but not limited to). The touch sensing functional element 110 may include: a light sensing element, a piezoelectric inductor, a capacitive sensing element, a resistive sensing element, an inductor sensing element, an electromagnetic sensing element, a charge sensing element, a voltage sensing element, an electromagnetic wave sensing element, a sound wave sensing element and one or more of the above. The wireless communication functional element 110 may include (but is not limited to): RF wireless transmission, Zigbee wireless transmission, Bluetooth communication (Blue-Tooth), infrared, WiFi wireless transmission, wireless personal network (PAN), wireless local area network (LAN), near field communication (NFC), wireless radio frequency identification (RFID), global system for wireless communications (GSM) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long term evolution technology (LTE), various generations of wireless communications, various types of wireless communication methods, etc. and combinations of one or more of the above.

Through the electrical functional element 110, the display device 90 can provide other functions besides image display (display, touch, sensing, photography, data transmission, power generation, etc.). For example, the image capture functional element can enable the display device 90 to capture images, the memory functional element can record the state of the display device 90 or the data of the recording functional element 110 itself, the control functional element can control the active switch element 100, the wireless communication functional element can wirelessly transmit data with the control module of the display device, and the photovoltaic functional element can convert ambient light into electrical energy, etc.

The above describes the relevant technical contents of the display device 90 structure of this embodiment, and then describes the technical contents of the display device structure of other embodiments based on this creation. The technical contents of the display device structure of each embodiment should be mutually referenced, so the same parts will be omitted or simplified.

Please refer to FIG. 8 for a cross-sectional view of a display device 190 structure according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the present invention provides a detachable display device 190, comprising at least one or more detachable display medium modules 160 with pixel electrodes (similar to the structures of the above-mentioned display medium modules 50/150/250/350/380, for example: FIG. 4A/4B/4C/4D/4F/4G, but not limited to these structural categories), an optoelectronic functional substrate 220, an active switch element 200, an electrical functional element 210, and a package carrier 293 (similar to the structures of the above-mentioned optoelectronic functional substrate 420, active switch element 100, electrical functional element 110, and package carrier 93). The display medium module 160 and the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 further include the electrical switching module, the conductor, the pixel pitch conversion module or one of their combinations disposed therein or on any side thereof, and the connection of the electrical control signal between the pixel electrode of the display medium module 160 and the conductor of the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 is performed by the aforementioned fixing method, disassembly method or a combination of the bonding methods. After the active switch element 200 and the electrical functional element 210 are packaged by the structure and material of the packaging carrier 293, they are then connected and assembled with the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and the display medium module 160 by the fixing method, disassembly method or a combination of the bonding methods of the electrical control signal, so that not only the active switch element 200 and the electrical functional element 210 can be protected, but also the assembly to the display medium module 160 can be made easier. The active switch element 200 can also be selected to be integrated with the electrical functional element 210 in the package carrier 293 alone or together, and then be electrically connected and assembled with the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and the display medium module 160 by fixing, disassembling or a combination thereof. The electrical connection of each conductor can transmit and control the difference in the power signal of each pair of pixel electrode layers applied to the display medium module 160, so as to modulate the polarization flux of the display medium and present the display device 190 display image information.

The display device 190 is composed of one or more independently detachable display medium modules 160 with pixel electrodes and a detachable package carrier 293 including an active switch element 200 and/or an electrical functional element 210 or a detachable active switch element 200 on an optoelectronic functional substrate 220, which are integrated and electrically connected by a fixing method, a disassembly method or a combination thereof. In other words, each display medium module 160 is manufactured separately from another display medium module 160, and none of the components of the two are integrally connected. Therefore, when each display medium module 160 is damaged, it can be removed from the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and then replaced with a normal display medium module 160. In addition, when the detachable package carrier 293 including the active switch element 200 and/or the electrical functional element 210 is damaged, it can be removed from the optoelectronic functional substrate 220 and then replaced with a normal package carrier 293.

The above describes the technical contents of the polarizing substrate, display quality module, display device and its manufacturing method according to each embodiment of the present invention. The illustrations and/or the above description of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The changes and arrangements of equality that can be easily completed by ordinary knowledgeable people in the technical field to which the present invention belongs are within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention shall be subject to the scope of the patent application. People in the technical field will observe at any time that many modifications and amendments are made to the device and method while retaining the technical content and teachings of the present invention. Therefore, the description of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited by these embodiments, but should be interpreted according to the attached claims.

30: Polarized substrate

31: First surface of optical functional film layer

32: Second surface of optical functional film layer

34: Optical functional film layer

35: Polarizing element

36: Pixel electrode

Claims (31)

A polarizing substrate includes: a polarizing element; at least one or more optically functional film layers, which have a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the first surface of the optically functional film layer is located on the polarizing element; and a pixel electrode, which is located on the second surface of the optically functional film layer, wherein the pixel electrode is used to modulate the amount of polarized light flux passing through the polarizing substrate. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the polarizing element includes a selection of polyvinyl alcohol iodine polarizing, dye polarizing, polyethylene polarizing, metal grid, or a combination of one or more of the above. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional film layer is triacetate fiber (TAC) material. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional film layer is further made of a light-transmitting material, a light-opaque material, a flexible material, a thin rigid material, a thin metal material, a ceramic material, a glass material, an insulating material, a metal compound, a thin metal alloy, an organic material, an inorganic material, a composite material, an epoxy resin, a thin glass, and a combination of one or more of the above materials. As in claim 4, the polarizing substrate, wherein the flexible material includes polyethylene naphthalate plastic (PEN), polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), polyether plastic (PES), polyethylene terephthalate plastic (PET), aromatic polyester plastic (PAR), polystyrene plastic (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile plastic (PAN), cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyamide plastic (PA), epoxy resin (ER), thin glass, and one or more of the above. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional film layer further includes one or more combinations of anti-glare (AG), anti-glare + low-reflection (LR), clear hard coating + low-reflection (CHC + LR), clear hard coating (CHC), anti-reflection (AR) and lens forming as surface treatment methods. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional film layer further comprises an additional optical element film layer, and the optical element film layer comprises a reflective film layer, a brightness enhancement film layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a filter film layer, a phase difference compensation film layer, an alignment film layer, a diffusion film layer, a prism film layer, a focusing film layer, a light-scattering film layer, a light-shielding film layer and a lens film layer, and a combination of one or more of the above is a composite optical functional film layer. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the pixel electrode is selected to be made of metal transparent oxide conductive material, thin metal conductive material, ink conductive material, conductive polymer material, light-transmitting conductive material, opaque conductive material, soft conductive material, rigid conductive material, metal complex conductive material, metal compound, thin metal alloy, organic conductive material, inorganic conductive material, composite conductive material and one or more combinations thereof. As in claim 1, the polarizing substrate, wherein the pixel electrode shape can be set to be one of square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof. A display medium module comprises: at least one or more polarizing substrates having a plurality of first pixel electrodes; at least one or more display medium layers formed on the polarizing substrate; and a second pixel electrode formed on the display medium layer, wherein the relative position of the display medium layer is set between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, and the polarizing substrate comprises a polarizing substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 9 of the present patent. In the display medium module of claim 10, the first pixel electrode layer and the second pixel electrode layer are arranged on different surfaces or on the same surface. The display medium module of claim 10 further comprises at least one or more optical functional elements assembled on the polarizing substrate, wherein the optical functional elements comprise a reflective functional element, a brightness enhancement functional element, a diffusion functional element, a light guiding functional element, a reflective functional element, an anti-reflective functional element, a light filtering functional element, a phase difference compensation functional element, an alignment functional element, a prism functional element, a light focusing functional element, a light diffusing functional element, a light shielding functional element, a lens functional element, and a combination of one or more of the above. As in claim 12, the display medium module, wherein the optical functional element includes a light-emitting element disposed in the optical functional element or on any surface thereof. The display medium module of claim 13, wherein the light-emitting element comprises one of a light-emitting diode, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp, a flat fluorescent lamp, a hot cathode lamp, and a combination thereof. A display medium module as claimed in claim 10, wherein the display medium module further comprises at least one or more perforations or grooves disposed therein or on any side thereof. As in claim 10, the display medium module further comprises a pixel pitch conversion module having a circuit conductor, and the pixel pitch conversion module is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the display medium module and the external related pixel electrode driving switch circuit by a fixed method, a disassembled method, or a combination thereof. As in the display medium module of claim 16, the pixel pitch conversion module converts the spacing between two adjacent pixel electrodes (PP) into the spacing between two adjacent circuit conductors (P1), and P1 is smaller than PP as the medium in the pixel pitch conversion. The display medium module of claim 10, wherein the display medium layer includes a self-luminous medium and a non-self-luminous medium. The display medium module of claim 18, wherein the non-self-luminescent medium material includes at least one of electrophoresis, fluid, liquid crystal, micro-electromechanical reflection, electro-wetting, electronic ink, magnetofluid, electrochromic, electro-phase change, and thermochromic; the self-luminescent medium material includes at least one of electroluminescent material, photoluminescent material, cathode luminescent material, field emission luminescent material, vacuum fluorescent material, and light-emitting diode material. As in claim 10, the display medium module, wherein the display medium layer further comprises a light filtering material, a conductive material, an insulating material, a light absorbing material, a light reflecting material, a light refracting material, a polarizing material, a light diffusing material, a light transmitting material, and one or more of the above. As for the display medium module of claim 10, the shape of the display medium module can be set to one of square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, rhombus, rectangle, regular polygon, polygon, irregular shape or a combination thereof. The display medium module of claim 10, wherein the display medium module further comprises at least one or more detachable display medium modules and optoelectronic functional substrates; wherein the detachable display medium module comprises an electrical transfer module having at least one or more through-holes and at least one or more conductors disposed in the through-holes or at least one or more conductors disposed on any side thereof; and an optoelectronic functional substrate having at least one or more through-holes disposed therein, and at least one or more conductors formed in the through-holes, wherein the two conductors are electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the display medium module and the conductor of the optoelectronic functional substrate by a fixed manner, a detachable manner, or a combination thereof. A display device comprises: an active switch element, comprising a transistor substrate portion and at least one or more transistor portions, wherein the transistor portions are formed on the transistor substrate portion; and at least one or more display medium modules having pixel electrode layers, wherein the display medium module comprises any one of claim items 10 to 22 of the present patent, wherein the active switch element is electrically connected to the pixel electrode layer of the display medium module to modulate the polarization flux of the display medium. The display device of claim 23, wherein the transistor substrate is selected according to the requirements to include silicon wafer, glass, quartz, metal, metal oxide, germanium, selenium, silicon on insulator, gallium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, III-V compounds, II-VI compounds, IV-IV compounds, IV-IV alloys, amorphous silicon, organic matter, polymer plastic, inorganic matter and one or more combinations thereof. A display device as claimed in claim 23, wherein the display device further comprises an electrical functional element and a packaging carrier. The display device of claim 25, wherein the package carrier comprises semiconductor materials, conductive materials, insulating materials, organic materials, inorganic materials, metal materials, metal alloy materials, ceramic materials, composite materials, light-transmitting materials, light-opaque materials, flexible materials, rigid materials, non-metallic materials, and a combination of one or more of the above. The display device of claim 25, wherein the package carrier further includes a circuit substrate, a conductive line, a conductive connection pad, a conductive connection column, a conductive connection bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, a connecting wire, a silicon interlayer, a glass interlayer, a quartz interlayer, a metal oxide interlayer, a silicon interlayer on an insulator, a gallium arsenide interlayer, a gallium nitride interlayer, silicon carbide, a Group III-V compound interlayer, a Group II-VI compound interlayer, a Group IV compound interlayer, an amorphous silicon interlayer, an organic interlayer, a polymer plastic interlayer, an inorganic interlayer, and structures and materials of one or more combinations thereof. As in the display device of claim 25, the active switch element and the electrical functional element can be selectively fabricated on the same transistor substrate or separated on different transistor substrates through transistor or thin film transistor related manufacturing processes. The display device of claim 25, wherein the electrical functional element includes one or more of a touch sensing functional element, a displacement sensing functional element, a temperature and humidity sensing functional element, an acoustic wave sensing functional element, an electromagnetic wave sensing functional element, an image capture functional element, a memory functional element, a control functional element, a wireless communication functional element, a self-luminous functional element, a passive element, and a photovoltaic functional element. As in claim 29, the touch sensing functional element includes a light sensing element, a piezoelectric sensing element, a capacitive sensing element, a resistive sensing element, an inductive sensing element, an electromagnetic sensing element, a charge sensing element, a voltage sensing element, an inductive sensing element, an acoustic wave sensing element, and one or more of the above. The display device of claim 29, wherein the wireless communication functional element includes RF wireless transmission, Zigbee wireless transmission, Bluetooth communication (Blue-Tooth), infrared, WiFi wireless transmission, wireless personal network (PAN), wireless local area network (LAN), near field communication (NFC), wireless radio frequency identification (RFID), global system for wireless communications (GSM) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long term evolution technology (LTE), various generations of wireless communications, various types of wireless communication methods, etc. and a combination of one or more of the above.

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