TWI766181B - 陶瓷組成物用於熱敏電阻之用途、陶瓷燒結體用於熱敏電阻之用途、熱敏電阻及其製法 - Google Patents
陶瓷組成物用於熱敏電阻之用途、陶瓷燒結體用於熱敏電阻之用途、熱敏電阻及其製法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI766181B TWI766181B TW108129217A TW108129217A TWI766181B TW I766181 B TWI766181 B TW I766181B TW 108129217 A TW108129217 A TW 108129217A TW 108129217 A TW108129217 A TW 108129217A TW I766181 B TWI766181 B TW I766181B
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Abstract
本發明提供陶瓷組成物、陶瓷燒結體、疊層型陶瓷電子元件及其製法,並藉由調整陶瓷組成物之微奈米矽玻璃含量,使所得的陶瓷燒結體包含玻璃相並具有適當的孔隙率進而具有良好的補氧效率,因此,包含所述陶瓷燒結體的疊層型陶瓷電子元件可具有低室溫電阻值及高電阻溫度係數之優異性能。
Description
本發明係有關於包含鈦酸鋇的陶瓷組成物、其燒結而成的陶瓷燒結體、以及包含該陶瓷燒結體的疊層型陶瓷電子元件及製法,尤其是應用於正溫度係數熱敏電阻的疊層型陶瓷電子元件。
熱敏電阻(Thermistor)為一種可變電阻,亦即其電阻值將隨著溫度變化而改變,並區分為正溫度係數熱敏電阻、負溫度係數熱敏電阻,以及臨界溫度熱敏電阻。由於熱敏電阻在特定溫度範圍內具有較高之精度,現今已有廣泛之應用,例如:溫度傳感器、浪涌電流限制器或自復式保險絲等。
正溫度係數熱敏電阻(Positive temperature coefficient thermistor),簡稱PTC熱敏電阻,其電阻值將隨著電阻本體之溫度升高而提升,而具有正溫度係數,並在達到居禮溫度(Curie temperature,簡稱Tc)或磁性轉變點後,出現電阻值急速提升之現象,又稱為PTC效應。因此,PTC熱敏電阻除可作為加熱元件外,亦兼具開關作用,而可同時實現傳感、加熱和開關三種功能。
因家電或消費性電子產品等室溫下使用之電器皆仰賴熱敏電阻,例如:作為溫度感測器,故低室溫電阻之熱敏電阻將有較廣泛之應用性。然而,即便PTC熱敏電阻具有上述優異功能,但礙於製造技術發展之限制,兼
具低室溫電阻及優異的電阻溫度係數的熱敏電阻仍有待開發,以滿足市場需求。
本發明提供一種陶瓷組成物,其可用於熱敏電阻器,藉此降低熱敏電阻器之室溫電阻值和提高熱敏電阻器之電阻溫度係數(Temperature coefficient of resistance)。
為達上述目的,本發明提供一種陶瓷組成物,其包含:主粉材料,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇(BaTiO3)、第一稀土材料以及微奈米矽玻璃,該微奈米矽玻璃包含二氧化矽;其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量為3重量百分比至20重量百分比。
舉例而言,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量可為3重量百分比、4重量百分比、5重量百分比、6重量百分比、7重量百分比、8重量百分比、9重量百分比、10重量百分比、11重量百分比、12重量百分比、13重量百分比、14重量百分比、15重量百分比、16重量百分比、17重量百分比、18重量百分比或19重量百分比。
較佳的,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該主粉材料的含量為77重量百分比至96.9重量百分比;更佳的,該主粉材料的含量為79重量百分比至92.9重量百分比。
較佳的,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該第一稀土材料的含量為0.1重量百分比至3重量百分比;舉例而言,該第一稀土材料的含量可為0.2重量百分比、0.3重量百分比、0.4重量百分比、0.5重量百分比、0.6重量百分比、0.7重量百分比、0.8重量百分比、0.9重量百分比、1.0重量百分比、1.5重量百分比、2重量百分比或2.5重量百分比。
較佳的,該主粉材料進一步包含第一元素,該第一元素為鍶(Sr)和鈣(Ca)之任一或其組合。
較佳的,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇、二氧化鈦(TiO2)、鈦酸鍶(SrTiO3)、鈦酸鈣(CaTiO3)或其組合,但不限於此。當所述主粉材料含有鋇、鍶、鈣或鈦之元素時,可改變主粉材料的鈣鈦礦型結構的晶格常數,據此獲得具有不同居禮溫度之陶瓷燒結體。
較佳的,該第一稀土材料包含釔(Y)、釤(Sm)、鈮(Nb)、釹(Nd)、鈰(Ce)、其合金或其氧化物。
依據本發明,藉由添加上述第一稀土材料可使所述鈣鈦礦型結構半導體化,以降低電阻值。
基於主粉材料與第一稀土材料皆為固體,為使其所含之元素能夠均勻分佈於所述陶瓷組成物燒結所得之陶瓷燒結體中,故添加特定含量的微奈米矽玻璃;於燒結過程中,微奈米矽玻璃能迅速且均勻地濕潤鈦酸鋇表面,進而讓所述陶瓷組成物中的各元素能均勻地擴散至鈣鈦礦型結構的晶格內,以提升燒結所得之陶瓷燒結體的介電性能。
較佳的,該微奈米矽玻璃進一步包含第二稀土材料及/或第二元素;所述第二稀土材料及/或第二元素係與所述二氧化矽共同燒結形成所述微奈米矽玻璃。較佳的,該第二稀土材料為釔、釤、鈮、釹、鈰之任一或其組合,該第二元素包含鋇、鍶、鈣、鈦之任一或其組合。
更佳的,以該微奈米矽玻璃之總重為基準,該二氧化矽的含量為97.3重量百分比至99.4重量百分比;該第二稀土材料的含量為0.1重量百分比至0.7重量百分比,及/或該第二元素的含量為0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比。在一些實施例中,該第二元素的含量為0.2重量百分比、0.3重量百分比、0.4重量百分比、0.5重量百分比或0.6重量百分比;該第二元素的含量為0.6重量百分
比、0.7重量百分比、0.8重量百分比、0.9重量百分比、1.0重量百分比、1.1重量百分比、1.2重量百分比、1.3重量百分比、1.4重量百分比、1.5重量百分比、1.6重量百分比、1.7重量百分比、1.8重量百分比或1.9重量百分比。
較佳的,該主粉材料之平均粒徑為0.2微米至3微米。
較佳的,該微奈米矽玻璃之平均粒徑為30奈米至3微米。
於本發明中,微奈米矽玻璃形成液相所需之溫度較低,因此能使各元素更均勻擴散至鈣鈦礦型結構的晶格中。
本發明另提供一種陶瓷燒結體,其由上述陶瓷組成物燒結而成;其中,該陶瓷燒結體具有複數孔洞,部分該等孔洞中形成有玻璃相。
依據本發明,所述陶瓷燒結體的孔洞係由至少三晶粒之晶粒邊界所共同構成的空間。
依據本發明,前述陶瓷組成物於燒結緻密化的過程中,微奈米矽玻璃形成的液相使該陶瓷組成物中的各元素,例如:鋇、鍶、鈣、鈦、釔、釤、鈮、釹、鈰等,可進入主粉材料的鈣鈦礦型結構中。當燒結完成後,微奈米矽玻璃中的二氧化矽成分主要會聚集於陶瓷燒結體的孔洞內形成實體顆粒,即為所述玻璃相。該玻璃相又可稱為實體玻璃相或玻璃體,其有助於降低電阻值而表現出較佳的電性特性。
依據本發明,當所述陶瓷組成物中的微奈米矽玻璃的含量不足3重量百分比時,所得之陶瓷燒結體將因矽含量不足,而無法形成玻璃相,進而導致電性表現不佳之問題;然而,當所述陶瓷組成物中的微奈米矽玻璃之含量超過20重量百分比時,則因助燒效果太過強烈,而無法使該陶瓷燒結體形成多孔結構,亦會出現介電性能不佳之狀況。
依據本發明,孔隙率係經由隨機選定所述陶瓷燒結體之一截面以掃描式電子顯微鏡進行觀察及計算而得。孔隙率之下式表示:孔隙率(%)=VH/VT*100;其中VH為截面之所有孔洞的總面積,VT為截面之總面積。
因所述陶瓷燒結體具有複數孔洞,因此可於燒結過程的氧化處理步驟中提供氧氣傳輸路徑,故適當增加孔隙率可增加補氧效率,進一步提升陶瓷燒結體之α值表現。
若所述陶瓷燒結體過於緻密,則氧氣傳輸路徑減少而減損補氧能力,使得α值表現不佳;反之,若所述陶瓷燒結體之孔隙率過高,雖然有較多的補氧路徑來提升α值,但易發生陶瓷燒結體之結構強度不足的問題,亦可能因陶瓷燒結體結構之緻密度不足導致後續介電性能測試時發生失效之狀況。因此,較佳的,所述陶瓷燒結體之孔隙率為5%至20%。例如:該孔隙率可為6%、7%、8%、9%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、19%或20%。
本發明亦提供一種疊層型陶瓷電子元件,其包括:一陶瓷本體,其包含複數上述陶瓷燒結體和複數內電極;其中,該等陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極係互相交疊形成於該陶瓷本體內;以及二外電極,其分別設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩側面並與該等內電極電連接。
依據本發明,兩相鄰之內電極分別與相對的外電極電連接。
上述疊層型陶瓷電子元件因多個內電極以並聯方式在陶瓷本體內部交替疊層,藉此達到降低室溫電阻之功用。
較佳的,該等內電極包含鎳(Ni)。
較佳的,該等外電極各自包含銀(Ag)、鎳和錫(Sn)之任一或其組合。在一些實施例中,該等外電極係各自為多層結構的電極。舉例而言,該等外電極可為三層結構的電極,第一至三層之電極的材料依序為銀、鎳與錫。
較佳的,該等內電極各別與該等外電極約呈垂直(90度夾角)。
較佳的,上述疊層型陶瓷電子元件進一步包含二保護層,該等保護層設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩表面,該等表面與該等內電極相互平行。所述保護層可避免疊層型陶瓷電子元件於電鍍形成外電極時出現溢鍍問題。
較佳的,上述疊層型陶瓷電子元件之室溫電阻值為1歐姆至10歐姆,該室溫為25℃。
較佳的,上述疊層型陶瓷電子元件之電阻溫度係數(即α值)為4ppm/℃至10ppm/℃。
本發明再提供一種電器,其包含上述陶瓷組成物、陶瓷燒結體或疊層型陶瓷電子元件。
本發明另提供一種疊層型陶瓷電子元件之製造方法,其包括以下步驟:步驟a:將上述陶瓷組成物和一溶劑混合,以形成一陶瓷漿料;步驟b:將該陶瓷漿料形成複數薄帶;步驟c:該等薄帶上分別設置一內電極,以形成複數帶有內電極之薄帶;步驟d:依序交疊該等帶有內電極之薄帶以形成一疊層結構;步驟e:於還原氣氛中燒結該疊層結構,以形成一陶瓷本體;其中,陶瓷本體包括由該等薄帶燒結而成的複數陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極,且該等陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極互相交疊;及步驟f:將二外電極分別設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩側面,以形成該疊層型陶瓷電子元件;其中,該等外電極與該等內電極電連接。
在一些實施例中,該陶瓷漿料可更包括分散劑及/或黏結劑,但不限於此。舉例而言,該分散劑可為陰離子分散劑、陽離子分散劑、高分子型分散劑之任一或其組合;該黏結劑可為聚乙烯基縮丁醛樹脂(Polyvinyl Butyral Resin,簡稱PVB)、纖維素樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、乙酸乙烯酯樹脂、聚乙烯醇樹脂之任一或其組合。
較佳的,該步驟e包含:步驟e1:於還原氣氛中,燒結該疊層結構0.5小時至4小時,燒結溫度為1000℃至1500℃,例如:1050℃、1100℃、1150℃、1200℃、1250℃、1300℃、1350℃、1400℃或1450℃,以及步驟e2:於大氣環境中以660℃至940℃對該疊層結構進行氧化處理,該步驟e2之溫度可為700℃、750℃、800℃、850℃或900℃。
更佳的,該步驟e1之燒結溫度為1250℃至1380℃。
更佳的,該步驟e1之燒結時間為1小時至1.5小時。
較佳的,該步驟e2之溫度為700℃至900℃,及處理時間為0.5小時至4小時。較佳的,該步驟e2之處理時間為1小時至1.5小時。藉由於前述步驟e2之溫度下進行氧化處理,可使該疊層型陶瓷電子元件具有較高的α值。
較佳的,上述還原氣氛包含氮氣與氫氣;較佳的,上述還原氣氛之含氧分壓為100ppm以下。
較佳的,上述疊層結構於步驟e燒結前先於保護氣氛中進行脫脂處理,以移除陶瓷漿料所含之溶劑等有機添加物,其溫度為250℃至350℃,例如:275℃、300℃或325℃,及/或進行脫脂處理的時間為16小時至32小時,例如:20小時、24小時、28小時或30小時。
較佳的,該保護氣氛包含氮氣與氫氣。
較佳的,該等薄帶的厚度為10微米至40微米,例如:15微米、20微米、25微米、30微米或35微米。
較佳的,上述層疊結構於步驟e1和e2之間進行滾邊角研磨。
較佳的,上述疊層型陶瓷電子元件為疊層型半導體陶瓷電子元件。
綜上可知,本發明之陶瓷組成物添加特定含量的微奈米矽玻璃具有以下優點:(1)以微奈米矽玻璃作為助燒劑,有助於燒結時使各元素分佈均
勻;(2)使燒結而得的陶瓷燒結體形成一定量的玻璃相和多孔結構,可提升疊層型陶瓷電子元件的電性表現及降低電阻值;以及(3)使燒結而得的陶瓷燒結體具有適當的孔隙率及補氧效率,以提升疊層型陶瓷電子元件的電阻溫度係數。
10:疊層型陶瓷電子元件
100:陶瓷本體
110:陶瓷燒結體
120:內電極
130、140:側面
150、160:表面
170:孔洞
180:玻璃相
200、300:外電極
400:保護層
S:厚度
圖1為本發明之疊層型陶瓷電子元件剖面之示意圖。
圖2A至2H分別為比較例1、實施例1至5、比較例2和比較例3的疊層型陶瓷電子元件中陶瓷燒結體截面之電子顯微鏡照片。
以下提供數種操作方式,以便說明本發明之實施方式;熟習此技藝者可經由本說明書之內容輕易地了解本發明所能達成之優點與功效,並且於不悖離本發明之精神下進行各種修飾與變更,以施行或應用本發明之內容。
製備例1:疊層型陶瓷電子元件
依表1所示各組配方作為起始原料,並以甲苯及酒精作為溶劑,溶劑添加量可依所需的分散程度作調整,另添加約為起始原料總重之0.5重量百分比至0.75重量百分比的高分子系分散劑(商品型號為BYK-110、111及/或115),以及添加約為起始原料總重之25重量百分比至30重量百分比的聚乙烯醇縮丁醛樹脂黏結劑,並與鋯球一同置入球磨機內,以濕式研磨進行充分混合,以獲得陶瓷漿料。再使用刮刀法將該陶瓷漿料形成片狀後予以乾燥,乾燥溫度約50至60℃;乾燥時間則依實際狀況進行調整,以獲得一捲薄帶。
其中,上述主粉材料為純度99.5%的鈦酸鋇,購自日本化學工業株式會社(Nippon Chemical Industrial Co.Ltd.)。
上述第一稀土材料為純度99.9%的氧化鈮,購自泓聚實業股份有限公司。
上述微奈米矽玻璃購自Exopack,其包含98.6重量百分比之二氧化矽,0.4重量百分比之稀土元素和1重量百分比之鋇、鍶、鈣、鈦中的至少一種。
上述主粉材料之平均粒徑為0.2微米至3微米,且該微奈米矽玻璃之平均粒徑為30奈米至3微米。
將鎳金屬粉末與有機黏合劑一同分散於該有機溶劑內,以製備內電極膏,再以網版印刷方式在所述薄帶上印刷內電極,以形成帶有內電極的薄帶。以未印刷內部電極的薄帶作為上蓋與下蓋,並疊層帶有內電極之薄帶以形成一疊層結構,再置於上蓋與下蓋之間進行結合,經熱均壓後,再使用切割機切出陶瓷生胚。將具有層疊結構之陶瓷生胚在保護氣氛下,以約300℃進行24小時之脫脂處理。將已脫脂之陶瓷生胚在氮氣/氫氣之還原氣氛中,以1250℃至1380℃進行鍛燒約1小時,以製備燒結後陶瓷體,該燒結後陶瓷體包括由上述薄帶燒結而成的多個陶瓷燒結體且與多個內電極互相交疊,陶瓷燒結體層數與內電極數量可依薄帶厚度加以調整。將燒結後陶瓷體進行滾邊角研磨後,在大氣環境下以700℃至900℃進行氧化處理後,形成陶瓷本體。分別於陶瓷本體
之上下表面進行保護層塗佈,以形成與該等內電極平行的保護層,並在陶瓷體之左右兩側面分別沾附銀以形成外電極,且該等外電極與該等內電極電連接。
如圖1所示,該疊層型半導體陶瓷電子元件10具有陶瓷本體100,其包含複數陶瓷燒結體110和複數內電極120,該等陶瓷燒結體110與該等內電極120係互相交疊形成於該陶瓷本體100內;二外電極200、300,其分別設置於該陶瓷本體100的相對兩側面130、140上,並與該等內電極120電連接,且二外電極200、300與內電極120的夾角約呈90度;以及二保護層400,該等保護層分別設置於該陶瓷本體的上下兩表面150、160上,並與該等內電極120平行。此外,相鄰之兩內電極120由陶瓷燒結體110所隔開,且該相鄰之兩內電極120間具有厚度S,該厚度S低於40微米。
特性分析:
以電子顯微鏡觀察上述實施例1至5與比較例1至3之層型陶瓷電子元件之陶瓷燒結體截面的微結構及計算其孔隙率,並將結果列於表2中。
量測實施例1至5與比較例1至3之疊層型陶瓷電子元件的室溫電阻值和α值,其中受測樣品之長度為0.933公釐(mm),截面積為2.396平方公釐(mm2),並於疊層型陶瓷電子元件依上述步驟完成沾附銀作為外電極後,即進行測量,結果列於表2中。
室溫電阻值之量測方法係於室溫(即25℃)對上述受測樣品施予電壓,並使用萬用表(廠牌:HIOKI,型號:RM3545)測定其電流值,以換算出電阻值。
α值之量測方法係將上述受測樣品置入恆溫槽中,並於將溫度從20℃逐步提升至250℃之同時,依上述方法換算出對應該不同溫度之電阻值,以得到電阻值-溫度曲線,並據以求得電阻值為室溫(25℃)電阻值兩倍時的溫度,即2倍點。因2倍點為受測樣品開始表現PTC特性的相轉移溫度,並大致
趨近於居禮溫度,故以室溫及2倍點分別為T1與T2,其各別對應之電阻值為R1與R2,並依據α={In10×(LogR2-LogR1)/(T2-T1)×100)之公式計算出α值。
首先,從圖2B至圖2H可知,因實施例1至5以及比較例2和3所使用的陶瓷組成物有添加至少3重量百分比的微奈米矽玻璃,故可明顯觀察到陶瓷燒結體之截面除具有孔洞170以外,亦可看到部分孔洞形成有玻璃相180。
其次,從圖2A可知,比較例1因無添加微奈米矽玻璃,陶瓷燒結體之截面明顯具有較多孔洞170而結構較為鬆散,計算得到的孔隙率高達40%,導致比較例1之疊層型陶瓷電子元件的室溫電阻值偏高,超過10歐姆。此外,即便比較例1之疊層型陶瓷電子元件所包含的陶瓷燒結體具有高孔隙率而具有較高之補氧效率,但因其欠缺玻璃相,故α值仍表現不佳,而明顯不足4ppm/℃。
從圖2G和2H可知,因比較例2和3之微奈米矽玻璃的含量皆大於20重量百分比,陶瓷燒結體之結構明顯較為緻密,各自之孔隙率皆小於5%,故補氧時之氧氣傳輸路徑減少,連帶使比較例2和3之疊層型陶瓷電子元件的α值亦不足4ppm/℃。相較之下,從實施例1至5可發現,當陶瓷組成物之微奈米矽玻璃含量在3重量百分比到20重量百分比之間,由於同時具有玻璃相和足夠的補氧路徑,故疊層型陶瓷電子元件的室溫電阻值皆在10歐姆以下,α值皆在4ppm/℃以上,尤其當微奈米矽玻璃含量在10%到15%之間時,疊層型陶瓷電子元件的室溫電阻值皆在6歐姆以下,而α值皆在5ppm/℃以上。
由此可證,本發明之陶瓷組成物藉由含有特定含量範圍的微奈米矽玻璃,可使陶瓷燒結體具有適當的孔隙率及補氧效率,確實有助於降低疊層型陶瓷電子元件之室溫電阻值及提升電阻溫度係數,進而獲得功效更佳的疊層型陶瓷電子元件。
10:疊層型陶瓷電子元件
100:陶瓷本體
110:陶瓷燒結體
120:內電極
130、140:側面
150、160:表面
200、300:外電極
400:保護層
S:厚度
Claims (17)
- 一種陶瓷組成物用於熱敏電阻之用途,其中該陶瓷組成物包含:主粉材料,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇;第一稀土材料、鈮、其合金或其氧化物;以及微奈米矽玻璃,該微奈米矽玻璃包含二氧化矽;其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量為5重量百分比至20重量百分比。
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該主粉材料的含量為77重量百分比至96.9重量百分比,及該第一稀土材料的含量為0.1重量百分比至3重量百分比。
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中該主粉材料進一步包含第一元素,該第一元素為鍶、鈣或其組合。
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中該第一稀土材料包含釔、釤、釹、鈰、其合金或其氧化物。
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中該微奈米矽玻璃進一步包含第二稀土材料、鈮或其組合,以及第二元素,該第二稀土材料為釔、釤、釹、鈰之任一或其組合,該第二元素包含鋇、鍶、鈣、鈦之任一或其組合。
- 如請求項5所述之用途,其中以該微奈米矽玻璃之總重為基準,該二氧化矽的含量為97.3重量百分比至99.4重量百分比,該第二稀土材料的含量為0.1重量百分比至0.7重量百分比,及該第二元素的含量為0.5重量百分比至2重量百分比。
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中該主粉材料之平均粒徑為0.2微米至3微米,及該微奈米矽玻璃之平均粒徑為30奈米至3微米。
- 一種陶瓷燒結體用於熱敏電阻之用途,其由一陶瓷組成物燒結而成,且該陶瓷組成物包含:主粉材料,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇;第一稀土材料、鈮、其合金或其氧化物;以及微奈米矽玻璃,該微奈米矽玻璃包含二氧化矽;其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量為5重量百分比至20重量百分比;以及該陶瓷燒結體具有複數孔洞,部分該等孔洞中形成有玻璃相。
- 如請求項8所述之用途,其中,該陶瓷燒結體的孔隙率為5%至20%。
- 一種熱敏電阻,其包括一疊層型陶瓷電子元件,且該疊層型陶瓷電子元件包括:一陶瓷本體,其包含複數陶瓷燒結體和複數內電極;其中,該陶瓷燒結體由一陶瓷組成物燒結而成,且該陶瓷組成物包含:主粉材料,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇;第一稀土材料、鈮、其合金或其氧化物;以及微奈米矽玻璃,該微奈米矽玻璃包含二氧化矽;其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量為5重量百分比至20重量百分比;以及該陶瓷燒結體具有複數孔洞,部分該等孔洞中形成有玻璃相;該等陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極係互相交疊形成於該陶瓷本體內;以及二外電極,其分別設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩側面並與該等內電極電連接。
- 如請求項10所述之熱敏電阻,其進一步包含二保護層,該等保護層設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩表面,該等表面與該等內電極相互平行。
- 如請求項10或11所述之熱敏電阻,其室溫電阻值為1歐姆至10歐姆,及其電阻溫度係數為4至10ppm/℃。
- 一種熱敏電阻之製造方法,其包括以下步驟:步驟a:將一陶瓷組成物和一溶劑混合,以形成一陶瓷漿料,其中該陶瓷組成物包含:主粉材料,該主粉材料包含鈦酸鋇;第一稀土材料、鈮、其合金或其氧化物;以及微奈米矽玻璃,該微奈米矽玻璃包含二氧化矽;其中,以該主粉材料、該第一稀土材料和該微奈米矽玻璃三者之總重為基準,該微奈米矽玻璃的含量為5重量百分比至20重量百分比;步驟b:將該陶瓷漿料形成複數薄帶;步驟c:該等薄帶上分別設置一內電極,以形成複數帶有內電極之薄帶;步驟d:依序交疊該等帶有內電極之薄帶以形成一疊層結構;步驟e:於還原氣氛中燒結該疊層結構,以形成一陶瓷本體;其中,該陶瓷本體包括由該等薄帶燒結而成的複數陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極,且該等陶瓷燒結體與該等內電極互相交疊;及步驟f:將二外電極分別設置於該陶瓷本體的相對兩側面,以形成一疊層型陶瓷電子元件;其中,該等外電極與該等內電極電連接,以及該熱敏電阻包含該疊層型陶瓷電子元件。
- 如請求項13所述之熱敏電阻之製造方法,其中該步驟e包含:步驟e1:於還原氣氛中,燒結該疊層結構0.5小時至4小時,燒結溫度為1000℃至1500℃,以及 步驟e2:於大氣環境中以660℃至940℃對該疊層結構進行氧化處理。
- 請求項14所述之熱敏電阻之製造方法,其中該步驟e1之燒結溫度為1250℃至1380℃,及燒結時間為1小時至1.5小時。
- 如請求項14所述之熱敏電阻之製造方法,其中該步驟e2之處理溫度為700℃至900℃。
- 如請求項13所述之熱敏電阻之製造方法,其中該等薄帶的厚度為10微米至40微米。
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| CN1404080A (zh) * | 2002-10-14 | 2003-03-19 | 清华大学 | 温度稳定型的贱金属内电极多层陶瓷电容器介电材料 |
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