TW201446741A - 化合物及其調節血紅素之用途 - Google Patents
化合物及其調節血紅素之用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201446741A TW201446741A TW103108886A TW103108886A TW201446741A TW 201446741 A TW201446741 A TW 201446741A TW 103108886 A TW103108886 A TW 103108886A TW 103108886 A TW103108886 A TW 103108886A TW 201446741 A TW201446741 A TW 201446741A
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- alkyl
- group
- optionally substituted
- ring
- independently
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 150000003278 haem Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001313 C5-C10 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000007056 sickle cell anemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 110
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical class ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 57
- -1 palmitic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 54
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 51
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 19
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 13
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 10
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 10
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- AKVVBYDLMJMJRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoropyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1F AKVVBYDLMJMJRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 6
- OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoac etoac Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CCOC(C)=O OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UYDXHDGMMPHPQM-SECBINFHSA-N 3-(chloromethyl)-2-[(3r)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](F)CCN1C1=NC=CC=C1CCl UYDXHDGMMPHPQM-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- YZLDYDNXAAEILN-SECBINFHSA-N [2-[(3r)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridin-3-yl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CN=C1N1C[C@H](F)CC1 YZLDYDNXAAEILN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-MDZDMXLPSA-N propan-2-yl (ne)-n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- DXYJFQVSQHQGDQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N 2-[[2-[(3r)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridin-3-yl]methoxy]-6-hydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(OCC=2C(=NC=CC=2)N2C[C@H](F)CC2)=C1C=O DXYJFQVSQHQGDQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 4
- FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N diethyl azodicarboxylate Substances CCOC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 4
- MYGAJZBZLONIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-chloropyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1Cl MYGAJZBZLONIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006619 (C1-C6) dialkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YURNCBVQZBJDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC=CC(O)=O YURNCBVQZBJDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibromomethane Chemical class BrCBr FJBFPHVGVWTDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical group C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GSHNZOVUGRZEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-6-(methoxymethoxy)benzaldehyde Chemical compound COCOC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O GSHNZOVUGRZEON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYDXHDGMMPHPQM-VIFPVBQESA-N 3-(chloromethyl)-2-[(3S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridine Chemical compound ClCC=1C(=NC=CC1)N1C[C@H](CC1)F UYDXHDGMMPHPQM-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentylamine Chemical compound CC(C)CCN BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DDCYYCUMAFYDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl thiohypochlorite Chemical compound CSCl DDCYYCUMAFYDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004674 methylcarbonyl group Chemical group CC(=O)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical group COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000021331 vascular occlusion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/08—Bridged systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/06—Antianaemics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/10—Spiro-condensed systems
- C07D491/107—Spiro-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring
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Abstract
本發明提供適用作血紅素之調節劑的化合物及醫藥組合物,其製備之方法及中間物,及其用於治療由血紅素介導之病症及可因組織及/或細胞氧化而受益之病症的方法。
Description
本發明提供適用作血紅素之異位調節劑的化合物及醫藥組合物,其製備之方法及中間物,及其用於治療由血紅素介導之病症及可因組織及/或細胞氧化而受益之病症的方法。
鐮狀細胞病為一種紅血球病症,其尤其在具有非洲及地中海血統者中發現。鐮狀細胞病之原理存在於鐮狀血紅素(HbS)中,相對於血紅素(Hb)之普通肽序列其含有點突變。
血紅素(Hb)自肺輸送氧分子至身體之各種組織及器官。血紅素經由構形變化結合且釋放氧。鐮狀血紅素(HbS)含有點突變,其中麩胺酸經纈胺酸置換,從而使得HbS變得易於聚合而賦予含HbS紅血球其特徵性鐮刀形狀。鐮狀細胞亦比正常紅血球堅硬且其可撓性缺乏可造成血管阻塞。US 7,160,910揭示作為血紅素之異位調節劑的化合物。然而,需要可治療由Hb或異常Hb(諸如HbS)介導之病症的其他治療劑。
本發明大體上係關於適用作血紅素之異位調節劑的化合物及醫藥組合物。在一些態樣中,本發明係關於治療由血紅素介導之病症及可因組織及/或細胞氧化而受益之病症的方法。
在本發明之某些態樣中,提供一種式(I)化合物:
或其互變異構體或其各自之醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中環A為視情況經取代之4-10員環烷基或含有至多5個環雜原子之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群;環B為C6-C10芳基或具有1-3個氮原子、較佳1-2個氮原子且更佳1個氮原子或其氧化形式之5-10員雜芳基,其中該芳基或雜芳基視情況經取代;為單鍵或雙鍵;各Y及Z獨立地為CR10R11、O、S、SO、SO2或NR12;各R10及R11獨立地為氫或視情況經鹵基、OH或C1-C6烷氧基取代之C1-C3烷基,或CR10R11為C=O;R12為氫或C1-C6烷基;其限制條件為若Y及Z中之一者為O、S、SO、SO2,則另一者不為CO,且其限制條件為Y及Z均不為雜原子或其氧化形式;環C為視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基;V1及V2獨立地為C1-C6烷氧基;或V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子一起形成下式之環:
其中各V3及V4獨立地為O、S或NH,其限制條件為當V3及V4中之一者為S時,另一者為NH,且其限制條件為V3及V4均不為NH;q為1或2;各V5獨立地為C1-C6烷基或CO2R60,其中各R60獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;t為0、1、2或4;或CV1V2為C=V,其中V為O、NOR80或NNR81R82;R80為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;R81及R82獨立地選自由以下組成之群:氫、視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、COR83或CO2R84;R83為氫或視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;且R84為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
在本發明之某些態樣中,提供一種式(IA)化合物:
其中R5為氫、C1-C6烷基或前藥部分R,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;R6為鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基硫基、C1-C6 S(O)-、C1-C6 S(O)2-,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;或
R6為經R'R'N-部分基團取代之4-10員環烷基或雜環,其中各R'獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;k為0或1;p為0、1、2或3。
且其餘變數如上文所定義。
在本發明之其他態樣中,提供一種組合物,其包含任何本文所述化合物及至少一種醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
在本發明之其他態樣中,提供一種提高個體之血紅素S之氧親和力的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之本文所述化合物或組合物中之任一者。
在本發明之其他態樣中,提供一種治療與鐮狀細胞貧血有關之缺氧的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之本文所述化合物或組合物中之任一者。
除非上下文另外明確規定,否則必須注意如本文及隨附申請專利範圍中所用之單數形式「一(a)」、「一(an)」及「該(the)」包括複數指示物。由此,例如,提及「溶劑」包括複數種該等溶劑。
如本文所用之術語「包含(comprising)」或「包含(comprise)」欲意謂組合物及方法包括所述要素,但不排除其他要素。出於所述目的,「基本上由...組成(Consisting essentially of)」在用於定義組合物及方法時應意謂排除對組合具有任何必需顯著性之其他要素。由此,基本上由如本文所定義之要素組成的組合物或製程不排除不會實質上影響本發明所主張之基本及新穎特徵的其他物質或步驟。「由...組成
(Consisting of)」應意謂排除超過痕量的具有其他成分及大量方法步驟的要素。由各此等轉換術語定義之實施例屬於本發明之範疇。
除非另外指明,否則本說明書及申請專利範圍中所用之表示成分數量、反應條件等之所有數字應理解為在所有情況下均由術語「約」修飾。因此,除非相反地指明,否則以下說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所述之數值參數為近似值。各數值參數至少應根據所報導之有效數位之數字且藉由應用一般捨入技術來分析。術語「約」在用於數字標識(例如溫度、時間、量及濃度,包括範圍)前時表明近似值,其可變化(+)或(-)10%、5%或1%。
如本文所用之Cm-Cn(諸如C1-C12、C1-C8或C1-C6)在用於基團前時指此基團含有m至n個碳原子。
術語「烷氧基」指-O-烷基。術語烷基硫基指-S-烷基。
術語「烷基」指具有1至30個碳原子(亦即C1-C30烷基)或1至22個碳原子(亦即C1-C22烷基)、1至8個碳原子(亦即C1-C8烷基)或1至4個碳原子之單價飽和脂族烴基。此術語包括例如直鏈及分支鏈烴基,諸如甲基(CH3-)、乙基(CH3CH2-)、正丙基(CH3CH2CH2-)、異丙基((CH3)2CH-)、正丁基(CH3CH2CH2CH2-)、異丁基((CH3)2CHCH2-)、第二丁基((CH3)(CH3CH2)CH-)、第三丁基((CH3)3C-)、正戊基(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-)及新戊基((CH3)3CCH2-)。
術語「芳基」指具有6-10個環碳原子之單價芳族單環或雙環。芳基之實例包括苯基及萘基。縮合環可能或可能不為芳族,其限制條件為連接點位於芳族碳原子處。舉例而言且非限制性地,以下為芳基:
術語「-CO2H酯」指在-CO2H基團與醇、較佳脂族醇之間形成的酯。較佳實例包括-CO2RE,其中RE為視情況經胺基取代之烷基或芳
基。
術語「對掌性部分」指具有對掌性之部分。該部分可具有一或多個不對稱中心。較佳地,對掌性部分經對映異構性增濃,且更佳為單一對映異構體。對掌性部分之非限制性實例包括對掌性羧酸、對掌性胺、對掌性胺基酸(諸如天然存在之胺基酸)、對掌性醇(包括對掌性類固醇)及其類似物。
術語「環烷基」指具有3-12個環碳原子之單價、較佳飽和烴基單、雙或三環。環烷基較佳指飽和烴基環,如本文所用,其亦包括含有1-2個碳-碳雙鍵之環。環烷基之非限制性實例包括環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、金剛烷基及其類似基團。縮合環可能或可能不為非芳族烴基環,其限制條件為連接點位於環烷基碳原子處。舉例而言且非限制性地,以下為環烷基:
術語「鹵基」指F、Cl、Br及/或I。
術語「雜芳基」指具有2-16個環碳原子及1-8個較佳選自N、O、S及P以及N、S及P之氧化形式的環雜原子的單價芳族單、雙或三環,其限制條件為該環含有至少5個環原子。雜芳基之非限制性實例包括呋喃、咪唑、噁二唑、噁唑、吡啶、喹啉及其類似基團。縮合環可能或可能不為含有雜原子之芳族環,其限制條件為連接點為雜芳基原子。舉例而言且非限制性地,以下為雜芳基:
術語「雜環基」或雜環指含有2-12個環碳原子及1-8個較佳選自N、O、S及P以及N、S及P之氧化形式的環雜原子的非芳族單、雙或
三環,其限制條件為該環含有至少3個環原子。雜環基較佳指飽和環系統,其亦包括含有1-3個雙鍵之環系統,其限制條件為該環為非芳族。雜環基之非限制性實例包括氮雜內酯、噁唑啉、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吡咯啶基、四氫呋喃基及四氫哌喃基。縮合環可能含有或可能不含非芳族含雜原子環,其限制條件為連接點為雜環基。舉例而言且非限制性地,以下為雜環基:
術語「水解」指使RH-O-CO-、RH-O-CS-或RH-O-SO2-部分斷裂成RH-OH,較佳藉由跨過斷裂之鍵添加水達成。水解使用熟習此項技術者熟知之各種方法進行,其非限制性實例包括酸性及鹼性水解。
術語「側氧基(oxo)」指C=O基團,且指用C=O基團取代2個偕位氫原子。
術語「視情況經取代」指經取代或未經取代之基團。該基團可經一或多個取代基(諸如1、2、3、4或5個取代基)取代。取代基較佳選自由以下組成之群:側氧基、鹵基、-CN、NO2、-N2+、-CO2R100、-OR100、-SR100、-SOR100、-SO2R100、-NR101R102、-CONR101R102、-SO2NR101R102、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、-CR100=C(R100)2、-CCR100、C3-C10環烷基、C3-C10雜環基、C6-C12芳基及C2-C12雜芳基,其中各R100獨立地為氫或C1-C8烷基;C3-C12環烷基;C3-C10雜環基;C6-C12芳基;或C2-C12雜芳基;其中各烷基、環烷基、雜環基、芳基或雜芳基視情況經1-3個鹵基、1-3個C1-C6烷基、1-3個C1-C6鹵烷基或1-3個C1-C6烷氧基取代。取代基較佳選自由以下組成之群:氯、氟、-OCH3、甲基、乙基、異丙基、環丙基、乙烯基、乙炔基、-CO2H、-CO2CH3、-OCF3、-CF3及-OCHF2。
R101及R102獨立地為氫;C1-C8烷基,其視情況經以下取代:-CO2H或其酯、C1-C6烷氧基、側氧基、-CR103=C(R103)2、-CCR、C3-C10環烷基、C3-C10雜環基、C6-C12芳基或C2-C12雜芳基,其中各R103獨立地為氫或C1-C8烷基;C3-C12環烷基;C3-C10雜環基;C6-C12芳基;或C2-C12雜芳基;其中各環烷基、雜環基、芳基或雜芳基視情況經1-3個烷基或1-3個鹵基取代,或R101及R102與其所連接之氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環。
術語「醫藥學上可接受」指對於活體內、較佳人類投與安全且無毒。
術語「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」指在醫藥學上可接受的鹽。
術語「鹽」指酸與鹼之間形成之離子型化合物。當本文所提供之化合物含有酸性官能基時,該等鹽包括(但不限於)鹼金屬、鹼土金屬及銨鹽類。如本文所用之銨鹽包括含有質子化氮鹼及烷基化氮鹼之鹽。適用於醫藥學上可接受之鹽的例示性且非限制性陽離子包括Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4、Ca、Ba、咪唑鎓及銨陽離子(基於天然存在之胺基酸)。當本文所用之化合物含有鹼性官能基時,該等鹽包括(但不限於)有機酸(諸如羧酸及磺酸)及無機酸(諸如鹵化氫、硫酸、磷酸及其類似物)之鹽。適用於醫藥學上可接受之鹽的例示性且非限制性陰離子包括草酸根、順丁烯二酸根、乙酸根、丙酸根、丁二酸根、酒石酸根、氯離子、硫酸根、硫酸氫根、單、二及三鹼價磷酸根、甲磺酸根、甲苯磺酸根及其類似陰離子。
如本文所用之術語「治療(treat)」、「治療(treating)」或「治療(treatment)」包括緩和、減輕或改善疾病或病狀或其一或多種症狀,預防其他症狀,改善或預防症狀之基本代謝原因,抑制疾病或病狀,例如阻止或抑制疾病或病狀之發展,緩解疾病或病狀,使疾病或病狀消退,緩解由該疾病或病狀所致之病狀或抑制疾病或病狀之症狀,且
意欲包括預防。該等術語亦包括緩解疾病或病狀,例如使臨床症狀消退。該等術語進一步包括達成治療效益及/或預防效益。治療效益意謂根除或改善所治療之基本病症。亦可在根除或改善一或多種與基本病症有關之生理學症狀以使得在個體中觀察到改良但個體仍患有該基本病症之情況下達成治療效益。對於預防效益,將組合物投與具有產生特定疾病之風險的個體或通報疾病之一或多種生理學症狀之個體,即使尚未進行此疾病之診斷。
術語「預防(preventing)」或「預防(prevention)」指降低罹患疾病或病症之風險(亦即使疾病之至少一種臨床症狀不會在可能暴露於或易感染該疾病但尚未經歷或顯示該疾病之症狀的個體中產生)。該等術語進一步包括使臨床症狀不會在例如:具有罹患該疾病或病症之風險的個體中產生,從而實質上避免疾病或病症之發作。
術語「有效量」指藉由鼻內投與本文所述化合物或組合物而有效治療病狀或病症的量。在一些實施例中,本文所述之組合物或劑型中之任一者的有效量為本文所述之組合物或劑型中之任一者用於治療有需要之個體的由血紅素介導之病症或可因組織及/或細胞氧化而受益之病症的量。
如本文所用之術語「載劑」指有助於將化合物併入細胞(例如紅血球)或組織中之相對無毒化合物或藥劑。
如本文所用之「前藥」為投與後代謝或轉化為關於至少一種特性之活性或更具活性形式的化合物。為製備前藥,可化學修飾醫藥學活性化合物以使其活性降低或無活性,但該化學修飾使得化合物之活性形式可藉由代謝或其他生物過程產生。相對於藥物,前藥可具有改變之代謝穩定性或輸送特徵、較少副作用或較低毒性。舉例而言,參見參考文獻Nogrady,1985,Medicinal Chemistry A Biochemical Approach,Oxford University Press,New York,第388-392頁。前藥亦
可使用非藥物之化合物製備。
在本發明之某些態樣中,提供一種式(I)化合物:
或其互變異構體或其各自之醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中環A為視情況經取代之4-10員環烷基或含有至多5個環雜原子之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群;環B為C6-C10芳基或具有1-3個氮原子、較佳1-2個氮原子且更佳1個氮原子或其氧化形式之5-10員雜芳基,其中該芳基或雜芳基視情況經取代;為單鍵或雙鍵;各Y及Z獨立地為CR10R11、O、S、SO、SO2或NR12;各R10及R11獨立地為氫或視情況經鹵基、OH或C1-C6烷氧基取代之C1-C3烷基,或CR10R11為C=O;R12為氫或C1-C6烷基;其限制條件為若Y及Z中之一者為O、S、SO、SO2,則另一者不為CO,且其限制條件為Y及Z均不為雜原子或其氧化形式;環C為C6-C10芳基;V1及V2獨立地為C1-C6烷氧基;或V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子一
起形成下式之環:
其中各V3及V4獨立地為O、S或NH,其限制條件為當V3及V4中之一者為S時,另一者為NH,且其限制條件為V3及V4均不為NH;q為1或2;各V5獨立地為C1-C6烷基或CO2R60,其中各R60獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;t為0、1、2或4;或CV1V2為C=V,其中V為O、NOR80或NNR81R82;R5為氫、C1-C6烷基或前藥部分R,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;R6為鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基硫基、C1-C6S(O)-、C1-C6 S(O)2-,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;或R6為經R'R'N-部分基團取代之4-10員環烷基或雜環,其中各R'獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;R80為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;R81及R82獨立地選自由以下組成之群:氫、視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、COR83或CO2R84;R83為氫或視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;R84為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;k為0或1;且p為0、1、2或3。
在某些實施例中,t為0。在某些實施例中,t為1。在某些實施例中,t為2。在某些實施例中,t為3。
在某些實施例中,Y及Z較佳均不為雜原子或含有雜原子之部分。較佳地,Y及Z中之一者為亞甲基或經取代之亞甲基且另一者為
雜原子或含有雜原子之部分。更佳地,Y為伸烷基,且Z為雜原子或含有雜原子之部分,其更佳為氧。
V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子較佳一起形成下式之環:
在一些實施例中,V1及V2獨立地為C1-C6烷氧基;或V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子一起形成下式之環:
其中各V3及V4獨立地為O、S或NH,其限制條件為當V3及V4中之一者為S時,另一者為NH,且其限制條件為V3及V4均不為NH;q為1或2;各V5獨立地為C1-C6烷基或CO2R60,其中各R60獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;t為0、1、2或4;或CV1V2為C=V,其中V為O,且其中其餘變數如本文所定義。
在本發明之某些態樣中,式(I)化合物具有式(II):
其中其餘變數如本文所定義。
在本發明之某些態樣中,式(I)化合物具有式(IIA):
其中變數如本文所定義。
在一些實施例中,環A視情況經1-3個如下基團取代:鹵基、C1-C6烷基、COR15及/或COOR15;其中R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群。
在一些實施例中,環B視情況經1-3個如下基團取代:鹵基、C1-C6烷基、COR15及/或COOR15;其中R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群。
在一些實施例中,化合物選自由以下組成之群:
或其N氧化物,其中R14為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、COR15或COOR15;R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群;x為0、1或2;p為0、1及2;且m為0、1或2。
在一個實施例中,化合物為
或其前藥,或其各自醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
實例部分包括本文所提供之其他化合物。
在一個態樣中,R為氫、含磷酸酯或二磷酸酯部分或另一前體部分或前藥部分。前藥部分較佳賦予活性部分(其中R為氫)之至少2倍、更佳4倍溶解性及/或生物利用率,且更佳在活體內水解。前體部分如本文在結構及官能性上進行定義。
在一個實施例中,R為-COR90、CO2R91或CONR92R93,其中R90及R91獨立地為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、各含有至少1個鹼性氮部分之4-9員雜環或5-10員雜芳基;且R92及R93獨立地為C1-C6烷基;C3-C8環烷基、各含有至少1個鹼性氮部分之4-9員雜環或5-10員雜芳基;或R92及R93與其所鍵結之氮原子一起形成經至少1個胺基、C1-C6烷基胺基或二C1-C6烷基胺基取代之4-9員雜環。
在某些實施例中,R為-C(O)R31、C(O)OR31或CON(R13)2,各R31獨立地為C1-C6烷基;C3-C8環烷基、含有至少1個鹼性氮部分之4-9員雜環或5-10員雜芳基;且各R13獨立地為C1-C6烷基;C3-C8環烷基、含有至少1個鹼性氮部分之4-9員雜環或5-10員雜芳基;或2個R13與其所鍵結之氮原子一起形成經至少1個胺基、C1-C6烷基胺基或二C1-C6烷基胺基取代之4-9員雜環。
在一個態樣中,R為C(O)OR31、C(S)OR31、C(O)SR31或COR31,其中R31如本文所定義。
在一個實施例中,R31為式(CR32R33)eNR34R35之基團,其中各R32及R33獨立地為H、C1-C8烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜芳基,或R32及R33與其所鍵結之碳原子一起形成C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜環基或C3-C9雜芳基環系統,或2個相鄰R32部分或2個相鄰R33部分與其所鍵結之碳原子一起形成C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜環基或C3-C9雜芳基環系統;各R34及R35為C1-C8烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C3-C8環烷基,或R34及R35與其所鍵結之氮原子一起形成C3-C8環烷基或C3-C9雜環基環系統;各雜環及雜芳基環系統視情況經C1-C3烷基、-OH、胺基及羧基取代;且e為1至4之整數。
在一些次佳實施例中,R34及R35可為氫。
在一個實施例中,下標e較佳為2,且各R32及R33較佳獨立地選自基團H、CH3及如下成員,其中R32及R33連接在一起形成環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基或1,1-二側氧基-六氫-1△6-硫哌喃-4-基或四氫哌喃-4-基。
關於前藥基團,較佳實施例為NR34R35為嗎啉基之化合物。
在一個實施例中,R為:
其中各R32及R33獨立地為H、C1-C8烷基,或視情況,若兩者均存在於
同一取代基上,則可連接在一起形成C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜環基或C3-C9雜芳基環系統。
在此實施例中,各R32及R33較佳獨立地為H、CH3,或連接在一起形成環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、1,1-二側氧基-六氫-1λ6-硫哌喃-4-基或四氫哌喃-4-基。
在一較佳實施例中,前藥部分與活性分子之其餘部分的鍵足夠穩定以使前藥之血清半衰期為約8至約24小時。
在本發明之一實施例中,前藥部分包含pKa接近7.5之生理學pH的三級胺。出於此目的,pKa在7.5之1個單位內的任何胺為適合替代性胺。該胺可由嗎啉基之胺提供。此6.5至8.5之pKa範圍使得高濃度之基本中性胺可存在於微鹼性小腸中。胺前藥之基本中性形式具有親脂性且經由小腸壁吸收至血液中。吸收至血流中後,前藥部分由天然存在於血清中之酯酶裂解而釋放活性化合物。
R之實例包括(但不限於):
在另一實施例中,R如下所列:
其N氧化物,或其各自醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
在另一態樣中,R為
其中R36為低碳烷基(例如C1-C6烷基)。
在另一態樣中,R為:
其中X1、Y1及X2如本文所定義。
在一個實施例中,X1選自由O、S及NR37組成之群,其中R37為氫
或C1-C6烷基;Y1為-C(R38)2或糖部分,其中各R38獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基;X2選自由以下組成之群:鹵素、C1-C6烷氧基、二醯基甘油、胺基、C1-C6烷基胺基、C1-C6二烷基胺基、C1-C6烷基硫基、PEG部分、膽汁酸部分、糖部分、胺基酸部分、二肽或三肽、PEG羧酸及-U-V,其中U為O或S;且V選自由以下組成之群:C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜芳基、C(W2)X3、PO(X3)2及SO2X3;其中W2為O或NR39其中R39為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基;且各X3獨立地為胺基、羥基、巰基、C1-C6烷基、雜烷基、環烷基、雜環基、芳基或雜芳基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基胺基、C1-C6二烷基胺基、C1-C6烷基硫基、基於膽汁酸之烷氧基、糖部分、PEG部分及-O-CH2-CH(OR40)CH2X4R40,其中:X4選自由O、S、S=O及SO2組成之群;且各R40獨立地為C10-C22烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基、C1-C8伸烷基或C1-C8伸雜烷基。
各雜環及雜芳基環系統視情況經C1-C3烷基、-OH、胺基及羧基取代。
在一個實施例中,本發明使用以下Y1基團:CH2、CHMe、CH(異丙基)、CH(第三丁基)、C(Me)2、C(Et)2、C(異丙基)2及C(丙基)2。
在另一實施例中,本發明使用以下X2基團:
-OMe、-OEt、-O-異丙基、O-異丁基、O-第三丁基、-O-COMe、-O-C(=O)(異丙基)、-O-C(=O)(異丁基)、-O-C(=O)(第三丁基)、-O-C(=O)-NMe2、-O-C(=O)-NHMe、-O-C(=O)-NH2、-O-C(=O)-N(H)-CH(R41)-CO2Et,其中R41為側鏈C1-C6烷基或選自必需胺基酸中所存在之側鏈基團的C3-C9雜環基;-O-P(=O)(OMe)2、-O-P(=O)(O-異丙基)2及-O-P(=O)(O-異丁基)2。各雜環視情況經一或多個、較佳1-3個C1-C3烷基、-OH、胺基及/或羧基取代。
在另一實施例中,R為:
其中X3獨立地為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基;且R42獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基。
各雜環視情況經一或多個、較佳1-3個C1-C3烷基、-OH、胺基及/或羧基取代。
在一個實施例中,R為:
其中各X3獨立地為胺基、羥基、巰基、C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基胺基、C1-C6二烷基胺基、C1-C6烷基硫基、基於膽汁酸之烷氧基、糖部分、PEG部分及-O-CH2-CH(OR40)CH2X4R40,其中:X4選自由O、S、S=O及SO2組成之群;且各R40獨立地為C10-C22烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基、C1-C8伸烷基或C1-C8伸雜烷基;且R42獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基。
在一些實施例中,R42獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基;且各X3獨立地為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基胺基、C1-C6二烷基胺基或C1-C6烷基硫基。
在一些實施例中,R由以下結構表示:
其中,在上述實例中,R43為C10-C22烷基或伸烷基,R44為H或C1-C6烷基且R45表示天然存在α胺基酸中所存在之側鏈烷基;
其中R46為(CH2)n,n=2-4,且CO-R47-NH2表示胺基醯基;或
其中R46為(CH2)n,n=2-4,R47為(CH2)n,n=1-3且R49為O或NMe。
在一個實施例中,R為:
在一個態樣中,R為-C(R200R201)O(R202R203)P(O)OR204NR205R206,其中各R200、R201、R202、R203、R204、R205及R206獨立地為H、C1-C8烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、C3-C9雜芳基,其中各烷基、雜環基、環烷基、芳基及雜芳基視情況經取代。
在一些實施例中,R為-CH(R201)OCH2P(O)OR204NHR206,其中R201為C1-C8烷基,R204為苯基,其視情況經取代。在一個實施例中,R206為-CHR207C(O)OR208,其中R207選自由天然存在胺基酸側鏈及其CO2H酯組成之群,且R208為C1-C8烷基。在一個實施例中,R206為C1-C6烷基,其視情況經1-3個CO2H、SH、NH2、C6-C10芳基及C2-C10雜芳基取代。
在一些實施例中,R為:
在一個實施例中,R為:
其中Y1為-C(R38)2,其中各R38獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基。
可用於或適用於製備本發明化合物之各種聚乙二醇(PEG)部分及
其相關合成方法描述於美國專利第6,608,076號;第6,395,266號;第6,194,580號;第6,153,655號;第6,127,355號;第6,111,107號;第5,965,566號;第5,880,131號;第5,840,900號;第6,011,042號;及第5,681,567號中。
在一個實施例中,R為
其中R50為-OH或氫;R51為-OH或氫;W為-CH(CH3)W1;其中W1為經取代之C1-C8烷基,其含有在生理學pH下視情況帶負電之部分,該部分選自由以下組成之群:CO2H、SO3H、SO2H、-P(O)(OR52)(OH)、-OP(O)(OR52)(OH)及OSO3H,其中R52為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基
或C3-C9雜芳基。
各雜環及/或雜芳基環系統視情況經一或多個、較佳1-3個C1-C3烷基、-OH、胺基及/或羧基取代。
在一個實施例中,R為:
其中R53為H或C1-C6烷基。
在另一態樣中,R為SO3H。
在另一態樣中,R包含可裂解連接基團,其中術語「可裂解連接基團」指在活體內具有短半衰期之連接基團。化合物中連接基團Z分解釋放或產生活性化合物。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團之半衰期小於十小時。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團之半衰期小於一小時。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團之半衰期為一分鐘至十五分鐘。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團具有至少一個具有如下結構之連接基:C*-C(=X*)X*-C*,其中C*為經取代或未經取代之亞甲基,且X*為S或O。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團具有至少一個C*-
C(=O)O-C*連接基。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團具有至少一個C*-C(=O)S-C*連接基。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團具有至少一個-C(=O)N*-C*-SO2-N*-連接基,其中N*為-NH-或C1-C6烷基胺基。在一個實施例中,可裂解連接基團由酯酶水解。
在一個實施例中,連接基團為自犧牲連接基團,諸如Firestone之美國專利公開案2002/0147138;PCT申請案第US05/08161號及PCT公開案第2004/087075號中所揭示。在另一實施例中,連接基團為酶之受質。一般參見Rooseboom等人,2004,Pharmacol.Rev.56:53-102。
在本發明之另一態樣中,提供一種組合物,其包含任何本文所述化合物及至少一種醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
在另一態樣中,本發明提供一種組合物,其包含任何本文所述化合物及醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
該等組合物可經調配以用於不同投藥途徑。儘管適用於經口傳遞之組合物可能最常使用,但亦可使用其他途徑,包括經皮、靜脈內、動脈內、經肺、經直腸、經鼻、經陰道、經舌、肌肉內、腹膜內、皮內、顱內及皮下途徑。用於投與任何本文所述化合物之適合劑型包括錠劑、膠囊、丸劑、粉末、氣霧劑、栓劑、非經腸藥劑及口服液(包括懸浮液、溶液及乳液)。亦可例如以經皮貼片形式使用持續釋放劑型。所有劑型均可使用此項技術中之標準方法製備(參見例如Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,第16版,A.Oslo編輯,Easton Pa.1980)。
醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑無毒,輔助投藥且不會不利地影響本發明化合物之治療效益。該等賦形劑可為熟習此項技術者一般可獲得之任何固體、液體、半固體或氣體賦形劑(用在氣霧劑組合物情況下)。本發明之醫藥組合物藉由習知方式使用此項技術中已知之方法
製備。
本文所揭示之組合物可與醫藥製劑中常用之任何媒劑及賦形劑結合使用,例如滑石、阿拉伯膠、乳糖、澱粉、硬脂酸鎂、可可脂、水性或非水性溶劑、油類、烷烴衍生物、二醇類,等。著色劑及調味劑亦可添加於製劑中,尤其用於經口投與之製劑中。溶液可使用水或生理學上相容之有機溶劑(諸如乙醇、1,2-丙二醇、聚乙二醇、二甲亞碸、脂肪醇、三酸甘油酯、甘油之偏酯及其類似物)製備。
固體醫藥賦形劑包括澱粉、纖維素、羥基丙基纖維素、滑石、葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖、明膠、麥芽、稻米、麵粉、白堊、矽膠、硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸鈉、單硬脂酸甘油酯、氯化鈉、脫脂奶粉及其類似物。液體及半固體賦形劑可選自甘油、丙二醇、水、乙醇及各種油,包括彼等源於石油、動物、植物或合成之油,例如花生油、大豆油、礦物油、芝麻油等。在某些實施例中,本文所提供之組合物包含α-生育酚、阿拉伯膠及/或羥基丙基纖維素中之一或多者。
在一個實施例中,本發明提供持續釋放調配物,諸如包含有效量之本文所提供化合物之藥物儲槽或貼片。在另一實施例中,貼片進一步在α-生育酚存在下以各別或組合方式包含阿拉伯膠或羥基丙基纖維素。羥基丙基纖維素較佳具有10,000至100,000之平均MW。在一更佳實施例中,羥基丙基纖維素具有5,000至50,000之平均MW。
本發明之化合物及醫藥組合物可以單獨使用或與其他化合物組合使用。當與另一藥劑一起投與時,共同投藥法可為使兩者之藥理學作用在患者中同時表現之任何方式。由此,共同投藥法無需使用單一醫藥組合物、相同劑型或甚至相同投藥途徑投與本發明化合物與另一藥劑,或無需精確同時地投與兩種藥劑。然而,共同投藥法最方便採用相同劑型及相同投藥途徑實質上同時完成。顯然,該投藥法最宜藉由在本發明之新穎醫藥組合物中同時傳遞兩種活性成分進行。
在本發明之態樣中,提供一種提高組織及/或細胞氧化之方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。
在本發明之態樣中,提供一種提高個體之血紅素S之氧親和力的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。
在本發明之態樣中,提供治療與缺氧有關之病狀的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。
在本發明之其他態樣中,提供一種治療與鐮狀細胞貧血有關之缺氧的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。
在本發明之其他態樣中,提供治療鐮狀細胞病之方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。在本發明之其他態樣中,提供一種治療癌症、肺病、中風、高原病、潰瘍、褥瘡、阿茲海默氏病(Alzheimer's disease)、急性呼吸病症候群及創傷之方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之任何本文所述化合物或組合物。
亦提供製備本文所述化合物之某些方法。該等反應較佳在熟習此項技術者在閱讀本發明後顯然了解之合適惰性溶劑中執行足夠時間期,直到由薄層層析、1H-NMR等所觀察確保反應實質上已完成。若需要加速反應,則可如熟習此項技術者所熟知加熱反應混合物。如熟習此項技術者在閱讀本發明後顯然了解,最終及中間化合物必要時藉由各種技術已知方法純化,諸如結晶、沈澱、管柱層析及其類似方
法。
下文以流程展示合成式(I)化合物之說明性及非限制性方法。
在以下流程中,、及指本文所述之環A、B及C。
X及X5各表示離去基且獨立地選自Cl、F、Br及I。
X6表示CHR14、NR14、O、S(O)x;其中x為0、1或2;Y5表示選自Cl、F、Br、I、OSO2R17及OSO2Ar之離去基;R17為C1-C6烷基;n為0、1或2;Ar為視情況經1-3個鹵基或C1-C4烷基取代之苯基;若流程中使用已用於上文結構中之變數,則上下文將使該變數所指明確。
自經取代之亞甲基醇(1)及羥基芳基醛衍生物(3a)製備芳氧基醚類似物(4a)的通用方法A。在氮氣下攪拌羥基芳基醛衍生物(3a)(0.1-2mmol)與經取代之亞甲基醇(1)(0.8至1.2eq)及PPh3(1-1.5eq)於無水THF(1-10mL)中之混合物直至完全溶解。在冰浴上冷卻溶液至0℃且經1-20分鐘之時間期逐滴添加DIAD或DEAD(1.1eq)於THF或甲苯中之
溶液。經過90分鐘時,停止使用冰浴冷卻且在室溫下攪拌混合物2-48小時。攪拌混合物10分鐘,隨後經由二氧化矽填料過濾。用乙酸乙酯(2-20mL)洗滌二氧化矽。蒸發經合併之濾液且高真空下乾燥殘餘物。藉由製備型HPLC或急驟矽膠層析純化殘餘物。
自經取代之二鹵甲烷(2)及羥基芳基醛衍生物(3a)製備芳氧基醚類似物(4a)的通用方法B。在室溫下或加熱至120℃下,在氮氣氛圍下攪拌羥基芳基醛衍生物(3a)(0.1-2mmol,1-4eq.)、經取代之二氯甲烷或二溴甲烷(2)(1eq)及K2CO3(2-5eq)(亦可添加催化量之NaI或Bu4NI)於DMF或乙腈(1至10mL)中之混合物0.5-8小時。在操作法A中,向反應混合物中添加水,收集沈澱之產物,用水洗滌,隨後進行製備型HPLC或急驟矽膠層析純化。在操作法B(針對不沈澱之產物)中,在0℃下添加稀鹽酸或NH4Cl水溶液以調整pH值至約7,使反應混合物分配於乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷與氯化鈉水溶液之間且分離有機層,乾燥且在真空下移除溶劑,得到粗產物,藉由自動矽膠管柱層析法,使用適當溶劑混合物(例如乙酸乙酯/己烷)純化。
製備經取代之二氯甲烷(2a)之通用方法C。在0℃或室溫下向經取代之亞甲基醇(1)(0.1至2mmol)於DCM(1-10mL)中之溶液中逐滴添加SOCl2(2eq至5eq)。在室溫下攪拌反應混合物10分鐘至6小時或直至判定反應完成為止(LC/MS)。經旋轉蒸發儀濃縮反應混合物至乾。將粗氯化物殘餘物懸浮於甲苯中,音波處理且濃縮至乾。重複該製程三次且在真空下乾燥,得到通常呈灰白色固體狀之經取代之二氯甲烷(2),其不經進一步純化即用於下一步驟。或者,隨後添加1N Na2CO3水溶液,得到pH值約8之溶液。用DCM(3×10-50mL)萃取混合物,經硫酸鈉乾燥且濃縮,得到粗製之經取代之二氯甲烷(2a),隨後藉由矽膠管柱層析(0-100%乙酸乙酯-己烷)純化。
製備經取代之二溴甲烷(2b)的通用方法D。在0℃或室溫下向經取
代之亞甲基醇(1)(0.1至2mmol)於DCM(1-10mL)中之溶液中逐滴添加Ph3PBr2(2eq至5eq)。在室溫下攪拌反應混合物10分鐘至2小時或直至判定反應完成為止(LC/MS)。經旋轉蒸發儀濃縮反應混合物至乾。藉由矽膠管柱層析(0-100%乙酸乙酯-己烷)純化殘餘物,得到純溴化物2b。
類似地,亦可由Buchwald及Hartwig開發之胺基化程序合成N連接之雜環類似物(化合物5)。
可根據熟習此項技術者已知之方法將式-CONHR95及-CONHOR95之經保護醯胺轉化(例如水解)為相應醯胺。
C19H23N3O3:342.2。
通用合成流程2(六員環)
製備雜環亞甲基衍生物9、10、12及13之通用方法E(流程2)。雜環酮類似物5與氯甲酸酯或碳酸二烷酯縮合,得到(雜)環β-酮酯6(步驟1)。藉由在有機鹼(諸如許尼希氏鹼(Hunig's base))存在下用三氟甲磺酸化試劑(例如三氟甲磺酸酐)處理將酮酯6轉化為三氟甲磺酸酯中間物7(步驟2)。使三氟甲磺酸酯7與酸或酯鈴木偶合(Suzuki coupling),得到雜環己烯羧酸酯8(步驟3)。隨後藉由LAH或DIBAL使酯基還原,得到相應醇9-OH(步驟4)。使醇9-OH與亞硫醯氯、Ph3PBr2(或CBr4-Ph3P或PBr3)或烷基/芳基磺醯氯進一步反應,得到相應10-X氯化物、溴化物或磺酸酯(步驟5)。
或者,在鈀催化之氫化條件下使雜環己烯羧酸酯8之雙鍵還原,得到順-雜環己烷順-11羧酸酯(步驟6)。藉由LAH或DIBAL使順-11之酯基還原,產生順-醇順-12-OH(步驟8)。可藉由與亞硫醯氯或Ph3PBr2或磺醯氯(諸如甲磺醯氯或甲苯磺醯氯)反應使醇順-12-OH轉化為其氯化物、溴化物或磺酸酯(諸如甲磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯)順-13-X(步驟9)。亦可藉由用醇鹽(例如乙醇鹽)溶液處理使順-環己烷羧酸酯順-11異構成熱力學更穩定反式導構體反-11。類似地,藉由施用步驟8及步
驟9(流程2)之類似於相應順式異構體之條件使反-11酯轉化為反-12醇及反-13-X鹵化物。
藉由通用方法A或B使(雜)環亞甲基衍生物9、10、12及13與羥基(雜)芳基醛衍生物(3a/3b)(參見例如流程3)偶合,得到相應芳氧基/雜芳基醚類似物(4c及4d)。
步驟1a化合物13可經由用烷基鹵化物11(Y=鹵基、OTs、OMs)O-烷基化酚醛12來合成。在室溫下或加熱至120℃下,在氮氣氛圍下攪拌羥基(雜)芳基醛衍生物(12)(0.1-2mmol,1-4eq.)、經取代之二氯甲烷或二溴甲烷(11)(1eq)及K2CO3(2-5eq)(亦可添加催化量之NaI或Bu4NI)於DMF、乙腈、NMP或DMSO(1至10mL)中之混合物1-24小時。在操作法A中,向反應混合物中添加水,收集沈澱之產物,用水洗滌,隨後進行製備型HPLC或急驟矽膠層析純化。在操作法B(針對不沈澱之產物)中,在0℃下添加稀鹽酸或NH4Cl水溶液以調整pH值至約7,使反應混合物分配於乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷與氯化鈉水溶液之間
且分離有機層,乾燥且在真空下移除溶劑,得到粗產物,藉由自動矽膠管柱層析使用適當溶劑混合物(例如乙酸乙酯/己烷)純化。
步驟1b-或者,化合物13藉由使酚醛12與醇1(Y=OH)在光延條件(Mitsunobu condition)下偶合來製備。在氮氣下攪拌羥基(雜)芳基醛衍生物(12)(0.1-2mmol)與經取代之亞甲基醇(11,Y=OH)(0.8至1.2eq)及(聚合物支撐之)/PPh3(1-1.5eq)於無水THF(1-10mL)中之混合物直至完全溶解。在冰浴上冷卻溶液至0℃且經1-20分鐘之時間期逐滴添加DIAD或DEAD(1.1eq)於THF或甲苯中之溶液。經過90分鐘時,停止使用冰浴冷卻且在室溫下攪拌混合物2-48小時。攪拌混合物10分鐘,隨後經由二氧化矽填料過濾。用乙酸乙酯(2-20mL)洗滌二氧化矽。蒸發經合併之濾液且高真空下乾燥殘餘物。藉由製備型HPLC或急驟矽膠層析純化殘餘物。
步驟2:向(2-氯吡啶-3-基)甲醇或(2-溴吡啶-3-基)甲醇(1-100mmol)及熟知酸或酯(0.8至1.5eq)於二噁烷(2-200mL)中之溶液中添加碳酸氫鈉(3eq)於水(1-100mL)中之溶液,繼而添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(5至10mol%)。在100℃下加熱4-24小時後,冷卻反應混合物且用EtOAc稀釋,用水、鹽水洗滌有機層,乾燥且濃縮,得到粗產物,藉由管柱層析純化。
通用合成流程5
化合物25可由2-鹵基菸鹼酸酯經由一系列有機轉化(包括用環胺置換及使酯還原得到羥基亞甲基衍生物22(步驟1))來製備。最終產物可經由使22與酚醛24直接進行光延反應或將醇22轉化為鹵化物23繼而用23 O-烷基化酚24來合成。
以帶有三級胺之游離羧酸為起始物來合成酯前藥。在非質子性溶劑中活化游離酸以進行酯形成,隨後在惰性鹼(諸如三乙胺)存在下與游離醇基反應,得到酯前藥。羧酸之活化條件包括在非質子性溶劑中,視情況在催化量之二甲基甲醯胺存在下使用乙二醯氯或亞硫醯氯形成醯基氯,繼而蒸發。非質子性溶劑之實例包括(但不限於)二氯甲烷、四氫呋喃及其類似物。或者,可藉由使用試劑(諸如BOP(苯并三唑-1-基氧基參(二甲基胺基)鏻六氟磷酸鹽)及其類似物(參見Nagy等人,1993,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:6373-6376))於原位進行活化,繼而與游離醇反應。酯產物分離可藉由如下操作實行:對於弱酸性水溶液,用有機溶劑(諸如乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷)萃取;繼而使用鹼處理酸性水相,使其呈鹼性;繼而用有機溶劑(例如乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷)萃取;蒸發有機溶劑層;且自溶劑(諸如乙醇)再結晶。視情況,可用酸
(諸如HCl或乙酸)酸化溶劑,得到其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。或者,可使粗反應物通過帶有質子化形式之磺酸基團的離子交換柱,用去離子水洗滌且用氨水溶離;繼而蒸發。
帶有三級胺之適合游離酸可購得,諸如2-(N-嗎啉基)-丙酸、N,N-二甲基-β-丙胺酸及其類似物。非市售酸可以簡單方式經由標準文獻程序合成。
碳酸酯及胺基甲酸酯前藥可以類似方法製備。舉例而言,可使用活化劑(諸如光氣或羰基二咪唑)活化胺基醇及二胺,得到經活化碳酸酯,其又可與醇及/或本文所用化合物上之酚羥基反應,得到碳酸酯及胺基甲酸酯前藥。
可用於或適用於製備本發明化合物之各種保護基及其相關合成方法可修改自參考文獻Testa等人,Hydrolysis in Drug and Prodrug Metabolism,2003年6月,Wiley-VCH,Zurich,419-534及Beaumont等人,Curr.Drug Metab.2003,4:461-85。
本文藉由修改來自參考文獻Sobolev等人,2002,J.Org.Chem.67:401-410之方法提供一種合成醯氧基甲基型前藥的方法。
R51為C1-C6烷基。
本文藉由修改來自Mantyla等人,2004,J.Med.Chem.47:188-195之方法提供一種合成膦醯氧基甲基型前藥的方法。
本文提供一種合成烷氧基甲基型前藥之方法
R52為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C3-C9雜環基、C6-C10芳基或C3-C9雜芳基。
以下實例出於說明本發明之各種實施例之目的而提供且不欲以任何方式限制本發明。本發明之實例以及本文所述之方法目前表示較佳實施例,為例示性的且不欲限制本發明之範疇。熟習此項技術者應能設想涵蓋在由申請專利範圍之範疇所界定之本發明精神內的其中之變化及其他用途。
在以下實例以及整個申請案中,以下縮寫具有以下含義。若未定義,則術語具有其普遍接受之含義。
℃=攝氏度
RT=室溫
min=分鐘
h=小時
μL=微升
mL=毫升
mmol=毫莫耳
eq=當量
mg=毫克
MS=質譜
LC-MS=液相層析-質譜
HPLC=高效液相層析
NMR=核磁共振
EtOAc=乙酸乙酯
Ph3PBr2=三苯基膦二溴化物
DMF=N,N-二甲基甲醯胺
DCM=二氯甲烷
DMSO=二甲亞碸
THF=四氫呋喃
DIAD=偶氮二甲酸二異丙酯
DEAD=偶氮二甲酸二乙酯
步驟1:(R)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸乙酯。向2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯(0.074g,0.48mmol)於DMF(0.3mL)中之溶液中添加二異丙基乙胺(0.25mL,1.4mmol)及(R)-3-氟吡咯啶(0.090g,0.72mmol)。用微波(100℃)照射所得混合物1小時且直接裝載於二氧化矽管柱上。用EtOAc/己烷(0-100%)溶離管柱,得到呈透明油狀之(R)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸乙酯(0.100g,94%產率);MS(ESI)m/z 239[M+H]+。
步驟2:(R)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇。向(R)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸甲酯於THF(5mL)中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加氫化鋰鋁溶液(1M之THF溶液)。攪拌反應混合物1小時,隨後依序添加20μL H2O及20μL 15% NaOH(水溶液),隨後再添加60μL水。攪拌漿液1小時,過濾且用乙醚洗滌所得殘餘物。經MgSO4乾燥經合併之有機層且在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析(EtOAc/己烷,0-100%)純化,得到(R)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.081g,92%產率)。MS(ESI)m/z 197[M+H]+。
步驟3:(R)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶。向(R)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.081g,0.38mmol)於二氯甲烷中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加SOCl2(0.450g,3.8mmol)且使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。1小時後,濃縮反應混合物且與甲苯一起共沸,得到呈透
明油狀之(R)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.080g,92%)。MS(ESI)m/z 215[M+H]+。
步驟4:(R)-2-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。向(R)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.080g,0.35mmol)及2,6-二羥基苯甲醛(0.130g,0.94mmol)於DMF中之溶液中添加碳酸鉀(0.190g,1.4mmol)且加熱(60℃)反應混合物。30分鐘後,移除DMF,使所得殘餘物在CH2Cl2中復原且經由二氧化矽塞過濾(EtOAc/己烷,1:1)。製備型HPLC純化,得到(R)-2-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛(8mg,5%產率)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ11.71(dd,J=8.4,0.7Hz,1H),10.21(d,J=0.5Hz,1H),8.10(dd,J=4.8,1.9Hz,1H),7.71(dd,J=7.4,1.9Hz,1H),7.52(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.73(dd,J=8.6,0.7Hz,1H),6.71(dd,J=7.4,5.0Hz,1H),6.53(dt,J=8.4,0.7Hz,1H),5.40(dd,J=54.2,3.3Hz,1H),5.28(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),5.17(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.91-3.56(m,4H),2.21-1.93(m,2H);MS(ESI)m/z 317[M+H]+。
GBT883-(R)-2-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯及(R)-3-氟吡咯啶根據流程5反應步驟1、3及4製備。
步驟1a:向2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯(0.074g,0.48mmol)於DMF(0.3mL)中之溶液中添加二異丙基乙胺(0.25mL,1.4mmol)及(R)-3-氟吡咯啶(0.090g,0.72mmol)。用微波(100℃)照射所得混合物1小時且直接裝
載於二氧化矽管柱上。用EtOAc/己烷(0-100%)溶離管柱,得到呈透明油狀之(R)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸乙酯(0.100g,94%產率)。C12H15FN2O2之MS(ES):225(MH+)。
步驟1b:向(R)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸甲酯於THF(5mL)中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加氫化鋰鋁溶液(1M之THF溶液)。攪拌反應混合物1小時,隨後依序添加20μL H2O及20μL 15% NaOH(水溶液),隨後再添加60μL水。攪拌漿液1小時,過濾且用乙醚洗滌所得殘餘物。經MgSO4乾燥經合併之有機層且在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析(EtOAc/己烷,0-100%)純化,得到(R)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.081g,92%產率)。C10H13FN2O之MS(ES):197(MH+)。
步驟3:向(R)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.081g,0.38mmol)於二氯甲烷中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加SOCl2(0.450g,3.8mmol)且使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。1小時後,濃縮反應混合物且與甲苯一起共沸,得到呈透明油狀之(R)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.080g,92%)。C10H12ClFN2之MS(ES):215(MH+)。
步驟4:向(R)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.080g,0.35mmol)及2,6-二羥基苯甲醛(0.130g,0.94mmol)於DMF中之溶液中添加碳酸鉀(0.190g,1.4mmol)且加熱(60℃)反應混合物。30分鐘後,移除DMF,使所得殘餘物在CH2Cl2中復原且經由二氧化矽塞過濾(EtOAc/己烷,1:1)。製備型HPLC純化,得到(R)-2-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛(8mg,5%產率)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ11.71(dd,J=8.4,0.7Hz,1H),10.21(d,J=0.5Hz,1H),8.10(dd,J=4.8,1.9Hz,1H),7.71(dd,J=7.4,1.9Hz,1H),7.52(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.73(dd,J=8.6,0.7Hz,1H),6.71(dd,J=7.4,5.0Hz,1H),6.53(dt,J=8.4,0.7Hz,1H),5.40(dd,J=54.2,3.3Hz,1H),5.28(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),5.17(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.91-3.56(m,4H),
2.21-1.93(m,2H)。C17H17FN2O3之MS(ES):317(MH+)。
GBT910-2-((2-(8-氧雜-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯及8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷根據如下反應流程製備。
步驟1a:向2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯(0.15g,0.97mmol)於NMP(0.5mL)中之溶液中添加二異丙基乙胺(0.50mL,2.9mmol)及8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(0.17g,0.72mmol)。用微波(100℃)照射所得混合物1小時且直接裝載於二氧化矽管柱上。用EtOAc/己烷(0-100%)溶離管柱,得到呈透明油狀之2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)菸鹼酸甲酯(0.100g,42%產率)。C13H16N2O3之MS(ES):249(MH+)。
步驟1b:向2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)菸鹼酸酯(0.10g,0.40mmol)於THF(5mL)中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加氫化鋰鋁之溶液(1.2mL,1M之THF溶液)。攪拌反應混合物1小時,隨後依序添加20μL H2O及20μL 15% NaOH(水溶液),接著再添加60μL H2O。攪拌漿
液1小時,過濾且用乙醚洗滌所得殘餘物。經MgSO4乾燥經合併之有機層且在真空中濃縮,得到(2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.070g,79%產率)。C12H16N2O2之MS(ES):221(MH+)。
步驟2:向(2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.070g,0.32mmol)於二氯甲烷中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加SOCl2(0.23mL,3.2mmol)且使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。1小時後,濃縮反應混合物且與甲苯一起共沸三次,得到呈透明油狀之3-(3-(氯甲基)吡啶-2-基)-8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(0.075g,98%)。C12H15ClN2O之MS(ES):239(MH+)。
步驟3:向3-(3-(氯甲基)吡啶-2-基)-8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(0.080g,0.35mmol)及5-羥基-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(0.061g,0.31mmol)於DMF中之溶液中添加碳酸銫(0.307g,0.94mmol)且加熱(60℃)反應混合物。30分鐘後,使反應混合物分配於EtOAc與飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液之間且用EtOAc萃取水層兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由矽膠層析純化,得到5-((2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(112mg,90%產率)。C22H24N2O5之MS(ES):397(MH+)。
步驟4:向5-((2-(3-氧-8-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-8-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(0.11g,0.28mmol)於CH2Cl2中之冷卻(-78℃)溶液中添加DIBAL-H(0.85mL,1M之CH2Cl2溶液)且經3小時使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。隨後冷卻(-78℃)反應混合物且依序添加MeOH及飽和酒石酸鉀鈉溶液(300μL)。在環境溫度下攪拌此混合物2小時且經矽藻土過濾。使所得溶液分配於EtOAc與飽和NaHCO3水溶液之間且用EtOAc洗滌兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由製備型HPLC純
化,得到2-((2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛(0.025g,25%產率)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ 11.95(s,1H),10.39(d,J=0.6Hz,1H),8.32(dd,J=4.8,1.9Hz,1H),7.74(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H),7.40(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.00(dd,J=7.5,4.8Hz,1H),6.56(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.39(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),5.15(s,2H),4.47-4.40(m,2H),3.33(dd,J=12.5,2.0Hz,2H),3.03(dd,J=12.3,1.4Hz,2H),2.13-1.94(m,4H)。C19H20N2O4之MS(ES):341(MH+)。
GBT911-2-((2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯及(S)-3-氟吡咯啶根據如下反應流程製備。
步驟1a:向2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯(0.090g,0.58mmol)於DMF(0.3mL)中之溶液中添加二異丙基乙胺(0.51mL,2.9mmol)及(S)-3-氟吡咯啶(0.10g,1.2mmol)。用微波(100℃)照射所得混合物1小時且直接裝載於二氧化矽管柱上。用EtOAc/己烷(0-100%)溶離管柱,得到呈透明油
狀之(S)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸乙酯(0.100g,46%產率)。C12H15FN2O2之MS(ES):225(MH+)。
步驟1b:向(S)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)菸鹼酸甲酯(0.20g,0.87mmol)於THF(5mL)中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加氫化鋰鋁溶液(2.6mL,1M之THF溶液)。攪拌反應混合物1小時,隨後依序添加20μL H2O及20μL 15% NaOH(水溶液),接著再添加60μL H2O。攪拌漿液1小時,過濾且用乙醚洗滌所得殘餘物。經MgSO4乾燥經合併之有機層且在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析(EtOAc/己烷,0-100%)純化,得到(S)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.165g,97%產率)。C10H13FN2O之MS(ES):197(MH+)。
步驟2:向(S)-(2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.081g,0.77mmol)於二氯甲烷中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加SOCl2(0.92g,7.7mmol)且使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。1小時後,濃縮反應混合物且與甲苯一起共沸,得到呈透明油狀之(S)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.180g,99%)。C10H12ClFN2之MS(ES):215(MH+)。
步驟3:向(S)-3-(氯甲基)-2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶(0.085g,0.40mmol)及5-羥基-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(0.12g,0.59mmol)於DMF中之溶液中添加碳酸銫(0.39g,0.12mmol)且加熱(60℃)反應混合物。30分鐘後,使反應混合物分配於EtOAc與飽和碳酸氫鈉水溶液之間且用EtOAc萃取水層兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由矽膠層析純化,得到(S)-5-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(120mg,81%產率)。C20H21FN2O4之MS(ES):373(MH+)。
步驟4:向(S)-5-((2-(3-氟吡咯啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-2,2-二甲基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]二氧雜環己烯-4-酮(0.085g,0.23mmol)於
CH2Cl2中之冷卻(-78℃)溶液中添加DIBAL-H(0.68mL,1M之CH2Cl2溶液)且經3小時使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。隨後冷卻(-78℃)反應混合物且依序添加MeOH及飽和酒石酸鉀鈉溶液(300μL)。在環境溫度下攪拌此混合物2小時且經矽藻土過濾。使所得溶液分配於EtOAc與飽和NaHCO3水溶液之間且用EtOAc洗滌兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮。藉由製備型HPLC純化,得到2-((2-(8-氧-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛-3-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛(0.020g,28%產率)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ 11.97(s,1H),10.34(s,1H),8.21(dd,J=4.8,1.9Hz,1H),7.56(ddd,J=7.4,1.9,0.5Hz,1H),7.42(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.75(dd,J=7.4,4.8Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.44(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.24(dt,J=53.0,3.9,3.3Hz,1H),5.16(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),5.05(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.97-3.60(m,4H),2.37-1.96(m,2H)。C17H17FN2O3之MS(ES):317(MH+)。
GBT1028-2-羥基-6-((2',2',6',6'-四甲基-1',2',3',6'-四氫-[2,4'-聯吡啶]-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛。該化合物藉由使2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼-2-基)-1,2,3,6-四氫吡啶與2-((2-溴吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛根據流程4反應步驟2進行鈴木偶合製備;MOM醚保護基藉由用濃HCl(2eq)之THF溶液處理來移除。矽膠層析後獲得呈棕色固體狀之產物鹽酸鹽。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 11.70(s,1H),10.30(s,1H),9.21(s,2H),8.62(dd,J=4.9,1.6Hz,1H),8.24-8.16(m,1H),7.58-7.46(m,2H),6.67(d,J=8.3Hz,
1H),6.56(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.94(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),5.26(s,2H),3.66-3.54(m,2H),1.56-1.37(m,12H);MS(ES,m/z)367.38[M+1]+。
GBT1045-2-羥基-6-((2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氯菸鹼酸甲酯及甲基哌嗪根據流程5反應步驟1及2製備。
步驟1a:向100-mL圓底燒瓶中置放2-氯吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯(2.0g,11.66mmol,1.00當量)於N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(40mL)中之溶液。向反應物中添加1-甲基哌嗪(1.75g,17.47mmol,1.50當量)、碳酸鉀(3.30g,23.88mmol,2.00當量)、18-冠-6(200mg,0.06當量)。在100℃下攪拌所得溶液隔夜。冷卻反應混合物至室溫。用30mL H2O稀釋所得溶液,隨後用5×30mL乙酸乙酯萃取。在真空下濃縮經合併之有機層。將殘餘物施用於用二氯甲烷/甲醇(10:1)作為溶離劑之矽膠管柱上。此得到2.7g(98%)呈黃色油狀之2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯。
步驟1b:向100-mL圓底燒瓶中置放2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯(1.3g,5.53mmol,1.00當量)於四氫呋喃(40mL)中之溶液。繼而在0℃下添加AlLiH4(315mg,8.30mmol,1.50當量)。在0℃下攪拌所得溶液5小時,隨後藉由添加0.5mL水、1.5ml NaOH(15%)
及0.5ml水淬滅。濾出固體。在真空下濃縮所得混合物。將殘餘物施用於用二氯甲烷/甲醇(1:1)作為溶離劑之矽膠管柱上。此得到500(44%)呈黃色固體狀之[2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲醇。
步驟2:向50-mL圓底燒瓶中置放[2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲醇(200mg,0.96mmol,1.00當量)於四氫呋喃(20mL)中之溶液。向反應物中添加2,6-二羥基苯甲醛(200mg,1.45mmol,1.50當量)及PPh3(380mg,1.45mmol,1.50當量)。繼而在0℃下添加DIAD(293mg,1.45mmol,1.50當量)。在室溫下攪拌所得溶液隔夜,隨後在真空下濃縮。藉由製備型HPLC用以下條件(製備型HPLC-010)純化粗產物(200mg):管柱,SunFire製備型C18 OBD管柱,5μm,19×150mm;移動相:含0.05% TFA之水及MeCN(在13分鐘內25.0% MeCN升至42.0%,在2分鐘內升至95.0%,在2分鐘內降至25.0%);偵測器,Waters2545 Uv偵測器254及220nm。此得到67.9mg(21%)呈黃色油狀之2-羥基-6-[[2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲氧基]苯甲醛;1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):11.98(s,1H),10.43(s,6H),8.35(m,1H),7.77(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),7.42(m,1H),7.03(m,1H),6.58(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.43(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),5.18(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),3.26(m,4H),2.64(s,4H),2.40(s,3H)1.42-2.09(m,8H);MS(ES,m/z):328[M+1]+。
GBT1249-2-((2-氯吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛。該化合物藉由O-烷基化2-羥基-6-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛及2-氯-3-(氯甲基)吡啶製備。急驟管柱純化後獲得呈白色固體狀之產物。1HNMR
(400MHz,CDCl3,ppm):10.65(s,1H),8.37(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=6.3Hz,1H),7.39(t,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.28(s,1H),6.90(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),5.32(s,2H),5.21(s,2H),3.54(s,3H);MS(ES,m/z):308[M+1]+
GBT1046-2-((2-(3,6-二氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。
該化合物藉由使2-(3,6-二氫-2H-哌喃-4-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼與2-((2-溴吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛根據流程4反應步驟2進行鈴木偶合來製備;MOM醚保護基藉由用濃HCl(2eq)之THF溶液處理來移除。矽膠層析後獲得呈淡棕色固體狀之產物。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)d 11.93(d,J=0.6Hz,1H),10.37(s,1H),8.84(s,1H),8.56(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.46(t,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.36(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),5.29(s,2H),4.43(s,2H),4.08(t,J=4.5Hz,2H),2.80(s,2H);MS(ES,m/z)312.33[M+1]+。
GBT1063-2-羥基-6-((2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氯菸鹼酸甲酯及1-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷根據流程5反應步驟1及2製備。
步驟1a:向100-mL圓底燒瓶中置放2-氯吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯(2.0g,11.66mmol,1.00當量)於N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(40mL)中之溶液。向反應物中添加1-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷(2.0g,17.51mmol,1.50當量)、碳酸鉀(3.3g,23.88mmol,2.00當量)及18-冠-6(200mg,0.06當量)。在100℃下攪拌所得溶液隔夜。冷卻反應混合物至室溫,隨後用40mL H2O稀釋。用5×30mL乙酸乙酯萃取所得溶液,且在真空下濃縮經合併之有機層。將殘餘物施用於用二氯甲烷/甲醇(10:1)作為溶離劑之矽膠管柱上。此得到2.65g(91%)呈黃色油狀之2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯。
步驟1b:向100-mL圓底燒瓶中置放2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-甲酸甲酯(1.2g,4.81mmol,1.00當量)於四氫呋喃(40mL)中之溶液。繼而在0℃下添加LiAlH4(500mg,13.18mmol,2.00當量)。在室溫下攪拌所得溶液2小時。隨後藉由添加0.5mL水、1.5mL 15% NaOH、0.5mL H2O淬滅反應物。濾出固體。在真空下濃縮所得混合物。將殘餘物施用於用二氯甲烷/甲醇(3:1)作為溶離劑之矽膠
管柱上。此得到800mg(75%)呈黃色油狀之[2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲醇。
步驟2:向50-mL圓底燒瓶中置放[2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲醇(300mg,1.36mmol,1.00當量)於四氫呋喃(25mL)中之溶液。向反應物中添加2,6-二羥基苯甲醛(280mg,2.03mmol,1.50當量)及PPh3(532mg,2.03mmol,1.50當量)。繼而在0℃下添加DIAD(410mg,2.03mmol,1.50當量)。在室溫下攪拌所得溶液隔夜,隨後在真空下濃縮。藉由製備型HPLC用以下條件(製備型HPLC-010)純化粗產物(300mg):管柱,Gemini-NX 150×21.20mm C18 AXIA Packed,5μm 110A;移動相,含0.05%TFA之水及MeCN(在5分鐘內10.0% MeCN升至50.0%);偵測器,nm。此得到159.5mg(34%)呈黃色油狀之2-羥基-6-[[2-(4-甲基-1,4-二氮雜環庚烷-1-基)吡啶-3-基]甲氧基]苯甲醛;1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO+D2O,ppm):10.29(s,1H),8.19(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.95(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),7.52(m,1H),7.08(m,1H),6.66(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=0.9Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H),3.74(s,2H),3.45(m,6H),2.84(s,3H),2.11(d,J=3.9Hz,2H);(ES,m/z):342[M+1]+。
GBT1121-2-((2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氟菸鹼酸甲酯及2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚烷根據流程5反應步驟1及2製備。
步驟1a:將2-氟菸鹼酸甲酯(0.3g,1.93mmol)及2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚烷草酸酯0.55g,2.9mmol)與DMF(3ml)組合。添加N,N-二異丙基乙胺(2ml,11.6mmol)且在微波反應器中加熱(120℃,1小時)混合物。向冷卻溶液中添加乙酸乙酯(100ml)及水(50ml)且分離各相。用乙酸乙酯(2×50ml)萃取水相。用水(30mL)及飽和氯化鈉水溶液(30ml)洗滌經合併之有機相且經硫酸鈉乾燥。蒸發後,藉由矽膠層析(5-80%乙酸乙酯/己烷)純化殘餘物,得到0.27g(59%)呈白色固體狀之2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)菸鹼酸甲酯。MS(ESI)m/z 235[M+H]+。
步驟1b:將2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)菸鹼酸甲酯(0.26g,1.1mmol)溶解於THF(5ml)中且在冰浴中攪拌。逐滴添加氫化鋰鋁(2.2ml 1M THF溶液)。經2小時攪拌反應物至25℃。小心添加水(0.084ml),繼而添加15%氫氧化鈉水溶液(0.084ml)及水(0.25ml)。攪拌混合物30分鐘,隨後過濾,用THF(10ml)沖洗且蒸發溶劑,得到226mg(98%)(2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇,其可直接用於下一步驟中。MS(ESI)m/z 207[M+H]+。
步驟2:將2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.12g,0.582mmol)、2,6-二羥基苯甲醛(96mg,0.7mmol)及三苯基膦-聚苯乙烯樹脂(0.63g,0.76mmol)與THF(3ml)組合且在冰浴中攪拌。逐滴添加二異丙基偶氮二甲酸酯(0.15ml,0.76mmol)且經16小時攪拌反應物至25℃。過濾反應物,用THF(10ml)沖洗且蒸發。藉由矽膠層析(0-75%乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷)純化所得殘餘物,自乙腈/水凍乾後得到31mg(16%)呈白色固體狀之2-((2-(2-氧-6-氮螺[3.3]庚-6-基)吡啶-3-基)甲
氧基)-6-羥基苯甲醛。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 11.97(s,1H),10.36(s,1H),8.21(dd,J=1.65,4.92Hz,1H),7.51(dd,J=1.68,7.37Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=8.38Hz,1H),6.76(dd,J=4.95,7.34Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=8.49Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=8.28Hz,1H),4.96(s,2H),4.81(s,4H),4.27(s,4H)。MS(ESI)m/z 327[M+H]+。
GBT1122-2-羥基-6-((2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛。該化合物由2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯及嗎啉根據經修改之流程5反應步驟1、3及4製備。
步驟1a:向2-氟菸鹼酸乙酯(0.40g,2.6mmol)於DMF(0.3mL)中之溶液中添加二異丙基乙胺(1.8mL,10mmol)及嗎啉(0.45g,5.2mmol)。用微波(100℃)照射所得混合物1小時且直接裝載於二氧化矽管柱上。用EtOAc/己烷(0-100%)溶離管柱,得到呈透明油狀之2-嗎啉并菸鹼酸甲酯(0.36g,62%產率)。C12H16N2O3之MS(ES):237(MH+)。
步驟1b:向2-嗎啉并菸鹼酸甲酯(0.36g,1.6mmol)於THF(5mL)中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加氫化鋰鋁溶液(4.9mL,1M之THF溶液)。攪拌反應混合物1小時,隨後依序添加180μL H2O及180μL 15% NaOH(水溶液),隨後再添加540μL水。攪拌漿液1小時,過濾且用乙
醚洗滌所得殘餘物。經MgSO4乾燥經合併之有機層且在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析(EtOAc/己烷,0-100%)純化,得到(2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.224g,71%產率)。C10H14N2O2之MS(ES):195(MH+)。
步驟3:向(2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲醇(0.100g,0.51mmol)於二氯甲烷中之冷卻(0℃)溶液中添加SOCl2(0.50mL,6.9mmol)且使反應混合物升溫至環境溫度。1小時後,濃縮反應混合物且與甲苯一起共沸,得到呈透明油狀之4-(3-(氯甲基)吡啶-2-基)嗎啉(0.11g,96%)。C10H13ClN2O之MS(ES):213(MH+)。
步驟4:向4-(3-(氯甲基)吡啶-2-基)嗎啉(0.11g,0.50mmol)及2-羥基-6-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛(0.09g,0.50mmol)於DMF中之溶液中添加碳酸鉀(0.210g,1.5mmol)且加熱(60℃)反應混合物。30分鐘後,使反應混合物分配於EtOAc與飽和NaHCO3之間且用EtOAc萃取水層兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮,得到呈白色粉末狀之2-(甲氧基甲氧基)-6-((2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛(0.145mg,80%產率)。C19H22N2O5之MS(ES):359(MH+)。
步驟5:向2-(甲氧基甲氧基)-6-((2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛(0.120g,0.33mmol)於THF(5mL)中之溶液中添加濃HCl(0.5mL,6mmol)。在環境溫度下攪拌3小時後,使混合物分配於EtOAc與飽和NaHCO3水溶液之間且用EtOAc萃取水相兩次。用鹽水洗滌經合併之有機層,經MgSO4乾燥且在真空中濃縮。使用矽膠層析純化,得到呈白色粉末狀之2-羥基-6-((2-嗎啉并吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)苯甲醛(0.074g,0.24mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ 11.95(s,1H),10.40(s,1H),8.34(dd,J=4.8,1.9Hz,1H),7.77(dd,J=7.5,1.7Hz,1H),7.40(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.04(dd,J=7.5,4.9Hz,1H),6.56(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),5.15(s,2H),3.90-3.83(m,3H),3.22-3.15
(m,4H)。C17H18N2O4之MS(ES):315(MH+)。
由上文應瞭解,儘管本發明之特定實施例在本文中為說明之目的而描述,但可在不背離本發明之精神及範疇之情況下進行各種修改。
在本發明之描述中,參考各種專利申請案及公開案,其中之每一者以全文引用的方式併入本文中。
Claims (11)
- 在本發明之某些態樣中,提供一種式(I)化合物:
或其互變異構體或其各自之醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中環A為視情況經取代之4-10員環烷基或含有至多5個環雜原子之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群;環B為C6-C10芳基或具有1-3個氮原子、較佳1-2個氮原子且更佳1個氮原子或其氧化形式之5-10員雜芳基,其中該芳基或雜芳基視情況經取代;為單鍵或雙鍵;各Y及Z獨立地為CR10R11、O、S、SO、SO2或NR12;各R10及R11獨立地為氫或視情況經鹵基、OH或C1-C6烷氧基取代之C1-C3烷基,或CR10R11為C=O;R12為氫或C1-C6烷基;其限制條件為若Y及Z中之一者為O、S、SO、SO2,則另一者不為CO,且其限制條件為Y及Z均不為雜原子或其氧化形式;環C為視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基;V1及V2獨立地為C1-C6烷氧基;或V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子 一起形成下式之環: 其中各V3及V4獨立地為O、S或NH,其限制條件為當V3及V4中之一者為S時,另一者為NH,且其限制條件為V3及V4均不為NH;q為1或2;各V5獨立地為C1-C6烷基或CO2R60,其中各R60獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;t為0、1、2或4;或CV1V2為C=V,其中V為O、NOR80或NNR81R82;R80為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;R81及R82獨立地選自由以下組成之群:氫、視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、COR83或CO2R84;R83為氫或視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基;且R84為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。 - 如請求項1之化合物,其中V1及V2獨立地為C1-C6烷氧基;或V1及V2與其所連接之碳原子一起形成下式之環:
其中各V3及V4獨立地為O、S或NH,其限制條件為當V3及V4中之一者為S時,另一者為NH,且其限制條件為V3及V4均不為NH;q為1或2;各V5獨立地為C1-C6烷基或CO2R60,其中各R60獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;t為0、1、2或4;或CV1V2為C=V,其中V為O,且其中其餘變數如請求項1所定義。 - 如請求項2之化合物,其具有式(II):
其中R5為氫、C1-C6烷基或前藥部分R,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;R6為鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基硫基、C1-C6 S(O)-、C1-C6 S(O)2-,其中該C1-C6烷基視情況經1-5個鹵基取代;或R6為經R'R'N-部分基團取代之4-10員環烷基或雜環,其中各R'獨立地為C1-C6烷基或氫;p為0、1、2或3;且且其餘變數如請求項2所定義。 - 如請求項2或3之化合物,其具有式(IIA):
其中變數如請求項2及3所定義。 - 如請求項2之化合物,其中環A視情況經1-3個如下基團取代:鹵基、C1-C6烷基、COR15及/或COOR15;其中R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群。
- 如請求項4或5之化合物,其中環B視情況經1-3個如下基團取代:鹵基、C1-C6烷基COR15及/或COOR15;其中R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群。
- 如請求項2之化合物,其中該化合物選自由以下組成之群:
或其N氧化物,其中R14為C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、COR15或COOR15;R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基、視情況經取代之C6-C10芳基、含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之5-10員雜芳基或含有至多5個環雜原子之視情況經取代之4-10員雜環,其中該雜原子選自由O、N、S、及N與S之氧化形式組成之群;x為0、1或2; p為0、1及2;且m為0、1或2。 - 如請求項1之化合物,其選自由以下組成之群:
或其前藥,或其各自醫藥學上可接受之鹽。 - 一種組合物,其包含如請求項2至8中任一項之化合物及至少一種醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
- 一種提高個體之血紅素S之氧親和力的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之如請求項2至8中任一項之化合物或如請求項9之組合物。
- 一種治療與鐮狀細胞貧血有關之缺氧的方法,該方法包括為有需要之個體投與治療有效量之如請求項2至8中任一項之化合物或如請求項9之組合物。
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-
2014
- 2014-03-10 AP AP2015008718A patent/AP2015008718A0/xx unknown
- 2014-03-10 AU AU2014237330A patent/AU2014237330A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-10 KR KR1020157024774A patent/KR20150132146A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-03-10 SG SG11201507453VA patent/SG11201507453VA/en unknown
- 2014-03-10 JP JP2016501051A patent/JP6401771B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-10 WO PCT/US2014/022736 patent/WO2014150258A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-03-10 EP EP14769616.5A patent/EP2968299B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-10 PE PE2015001921A patent/PE20160078A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-03-10 CN CN201480013314.3A patent/CN105246477A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-10 CA CA2902711A patent/CA2902711C/en active Active
- 2014-03-10 ES ES14769616T patent/ES2864707T3/es active Active
- 2014-03-10 EA EA201591426A patent/EA201591426A1/ru unknown
- 2014-03-10 MX MX2015011769A patent/MX378131B/es unknown
- 2014-03-10 BR BR112015021986A patent/BR112015021986A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-03-13 TW TW103108886A patent/TW201446741A/zh unknown
- 2014-03-13 UY UY0001035427A patent/UY35427A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2015
- 2015-08-26 IL IL240839A patent/IL240839A0/en unknown
- 2015-09-02 ZA ZA2015/06433A patent/ZA201506433B/en unknown
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2018
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2019
- 2019-03-18 US US16/357,148 patent/US11236109B2/en active Active
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2022
- 2022-01-03 US US17/567,605 patent/US20220119407A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2022-08-12 US US17/887,062 patent/US20220402940A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| UY35427A (es) | 2014-10-31 |
| SG11201507453VA (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| CN105246477A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
| US20220402940A1 (en) | 2022-12-22 |
| ZA201506433B (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| MX2015011769A (es) | 2016-06-02 |
| AU2014237330A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
| JP2018188482A (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
| WO2014150258A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
| JP6401771B2 (ja) | 2018-10-10 |
| BR112015021986A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
| ES2864707T3 (es) | 2021-10-14 |
| US11236109B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
| MX378131B (es) | 2025-03-10 |
| AP2015008718A0 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| EP2968299A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| CA2902711C (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| CA2902711A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
| EP2968299A4 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| EP2968299B1 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
| KR20150132146A (ko) | 2015-11-25 |
| JP2016512822A (ja) | 2016-05-09 |
| US20220119407A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
| EA201591426A1 (ru) | 2016-02-29 |
| US20200048280A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
| IL240839A0 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| PE20160078A1 (es) | 2016-03-02 |
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