TW200934903A - Method for producing a textile fabric consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibers or filaments and device for the production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a simple and economical method for producing textile fabric consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibres or filaments, in which, in particular, time consuming, energy and/or cost intensive processes are avoided. As a result, a dividable, initial textile fabric is divided or split at least partially into elementary filaments by treatment, in particular bombardment with dry ice, frozen water or an air-particle mixture at a temperature of at least 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers used as yarns, fibres or filaments

Description

200934903 IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of making a cloth composed of at least partially split yarns, fibers or filaments comprising at least two basic filaments form. In addition, a device for manufacturing such a fabric is also known. [Prior Art] It is mentioned in the document European Patent EP 0 814 188 Bi that a two-component endless filament (made of an incompatible starting material: polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide 6) can be produced. A non-woven method that is easy to split. Here, the nonwoven fabric is subjected to a liquid-injection pressure jet to separate the composite substrate = basic filaments, and entangle them and bond them. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method which can make a fabric composed of fibers, filaments, which can be split (split, split). The manufacturing process is simplified and economically particularly advantageous. The manufacturing procedure for fabrics consisting of yarns, fibers or filaments which are at least partially separable 'only needs to be particularly small compared to, for example, high water column treatment operations (special = pressure of about one bar) or Small machines In addition, there are no additional special and/or cost-intensive program steps in this method, such as those in the case of dense column processing. ...cloth drying (4) (in water 6 200934903 In addition, the method enables conjugated (composite) yarns composed of mutually compatible polymers and polymers which are mutually non-phase, (K〇njugieren, English: jugate), The fibers, or filaments, can be at least partially divided. 〇〇 In addition, a device that is particularly suitable for this method is provided, which can be implemented in a simple manner. The purpose of these solutions is to utilize a patent encirclement and Features of the first item. The present invention provides a method of making a cloth composed of at least partially divided yarn fibers or filaments. The yarn, fiber or filament is formed from at least two basic filaments, one of which may be The starting fabric of the split is processed by using dry ice, icing water or an air-particle mixture at a temperature below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer used in the yarn, fiber or filament form of at least 20t~30t. (especially a sniper) and at least partially split or split into the basic filament. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the amorphous polymer used (Tg) 0 4 softening temperature means the polymer at this temperature The deformation ability has the biggest change. The so-called "glass temperature" refers to the range of brittleness and energy elasticity below this temperature (glass range), above which the temperature is soft and there is entropie Elastic region. The transition zone in the liquid range of the transition to the amorphous polymer is fluid, and the partially crystalline polymer has a glass transition temperature [below this temperature, the crystal phase is "frozen"). Solid and brittle) and a melting point at which the crystalline phase melts. The melting point distinguishes the entropy elastic range from the range of fluidity. The solid particles of the air-particle mixture used are especially inorganic particles, 200934903 Quartz sand) or polymer granules. The dry ice, icy water or 'type of use, about dry, water Gemei' Kunming is Pellet-shaped water, can also be used in the form of snow. Doors - cylindrical particles of about 3 mm in diameter and between 5 and 30 mcal in length. The lesser particles, for example..." - refers to fine particles and less than i mm. The diameter is about 0.1 mm, the length is equal to or the dry ice refers to the icing of the ice to the cleavable starting fabric 0 carbon oxide, the temperature is about -78.5 °c, it becomes gaseous (sublimation) on the impact without remaining Therefore, the use of dry ice has the advantage that it is then not necessary to separate or transition the residue from the split basic filaments, for example, in the case of using an air Θ mixture. In addition, when using dry ice, it does not use water under normal pressure. The ice is like a liquid, so the word dry ice is true. Since in the method of the present invention, dry ice ice water or air-particle mixture is used for splitting without using liquid, especially liquid water, for example, for example The drying process (which is particularly time consuming, energy intensive and/or costly) of the fabric required for the treatment of the water column, which consists of at least part of the split yarn, fibers or filaments, can be dispensed with. By bombarding with dry ice, the temperature of the treated surface dropped by about 6 CTC at the selected program parameters. When an air-particle mixture is used or when icing water is used, the treatment temperature is selected such that the temperature of the treated surface is in the glass transition of the polymer (which is used in the form of yarn, fiber 8 200934903 or filament) Temperature (Tg) ~ 3 (TC. Wang v π : at the processing temperature in the yarn used as the yarn, fiber or filament = glass transition temperature (Tg) below at least 2 〇 ~ post, thus causing some of the polymer The situation of becoming brittle 'so at least helps or promotes the decomposition of the fabric into basic filaments without damaging the basic filaments. Furthermore, due to the low hardness of the dry ice, air ♦ mixture or icing water, basic fibers can be avoided Damaged. If it is not in the form of pellets and is used in the form of snow, because its particle size is thinner or its hardness is smaller (larger "softness"), it is particularly clean if the split or split operation does not damage the basic filaments. The requirement of the fall is particularly due to the fact that the sublimation effect of dry ice during the treatment of the splittable starting fabric causes the carbon dioxide to change from a solid state to a gaseous state of agglomeration, and its volume suddenly expands by about 600 of its original volume. 800 times. Here, dry ice runs between the basic filaments, and the effect of splitting the fabric into basic filaments is at least supported or promoted. & Basic filaments are arranged in yarn, fiber, or The cross-section of the long yarn, for example, may be in the form of a core-clam shell structure, or in the form of an orange-petal structure or a pie-cake structure. It is particularly suitable as a splittable starting fabric user. 'It is desirable to have 2 to 64 segments, particularly for changing the diameter of the filament. The preferred design of the invention is found in the scope of the patent application. The splittable starting fabric used is preferably a non-woven fabric. 200934903 It is suitable for short-fiber non-woven fabrics or #& combination fibers, which are made of alkane fabrics, which have endless filaments or have the best use of = or solvent spinning procedures. Some of the melt-spun nonwoven fabrics have the advantage of It is not necessary to remove the (4) agent for the non-woven fabric w, and the splittable starting fabric used for the heat application should be dragged from the + needle to be a pre-consolidated non-woven fabric, which is mechanically and/or chemically used. u million pre-consolidation, It is advisable to use heat pre-consolidation. The cloth, fiber or length of the cloth, 长», ^ long, 4 should have at least two basic filaments, Ο = = = any combination of the following into a polymer or polymer mixture Alkenes, polyesters, polyamines and/or polyurethanes. Examples of preferred polyolefins used are, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene, preferably polyester such as polyethyl terephthalate. Polybutylene terephthalate vinegar, polytriethylene terephthalate vinegar, recycled polymer, polylactic acid vinegar, or copolymerized vinegar, examples of preferred polyamines such as polyamine 6, polyfluorene, Polyfluorene copolymerized guanamine In order to have good efficiency, the treatment, especially with a mixture of dry ice, icing water or air particle bombardment to the cleavable initial θ, should be achieved at an angle of incidence, especially :. It is 135°, more preferably 90°. Here, the particle kinetic energy of the dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture is preferably equal to or about 0.4 joules. Here, the mass and speed of the particles are selected so as not to cause appearance damage to the cloth or to form holes in the cloth. The excess flow of dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture is preferably from 3 〇 kg / hr to 70 kg / hr, preferably from 3 〇 kg / hr to 5 〇 kg / hr. 200934903 The average size of the particles of dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture is preferably from 10 μm to 30 mm, and particularly preferably from 01 mm to 1 mm, which can split the surface of the starting fabric. The operation of bombarding the surface of the splittable starting fabric with dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture, the exiting nozzle of the outlet nozzle is 25 m / min ~ i2.5 m / min, especially 2_5 m / min ~ 5 m points, bombardment speed of 100 m / s ~ 500 m / s.作业 The operation of splitting into basic filaments should be carried out at a pressure of 5·5 bar~16 bar and preferably at a pressure of 0.5 bar to 6 bar, especially at a pressure of 5 to 2 bar. Furthermore, S is intended to provide a device which is particularly suitable for the method of the invention described above, which allows the method to be achieved in a simple manner. To this end, there is provided a device for splitting a splittable starting cloth consisting of yarns, fibers or filaments which are at least partially split, the yarns, fibers or filaments being composed of at least two basic filaments, in particular for application The method of claim 1, wherein at least m is disposed toward the fabric to bombard the at least-splitable starting fabric surface with dry ice or icy water or an air-particle mixture, or an air-particle mixture Subdivision. The subject matter of the present invention will be described in detail below using the examples and drawings. [Embodiment] Grid electron microscope (job) photography system - low-voltage grid electron fiber mirror JE 〇 L JSM-6480 LV is made at an acceleration voltage of 2 〇Κ ν. [Example 1] According to Example 1, a spun yarn 01, especially a melt-spun nonwoven fabric, 200934903, consisting of two-component endless filaments, having a pie-shaped structure with 16 segments, alternately made of polyethylene The phthalate/polyamide 6 ( ρ Ε τ / ρ Α 6 ) was formed in a weight ratio of 70: 30, which was bombarded with dry ice pellets. To this end, the woven non-woven fabric was subjected to a minimum of pin rolling (and thus a minimum mechanical consolidation) so that the non-woven fabric can be transported. In addition, the μ-spun nonwoven fabric is in a thermally pre-consolidated manner in which the heat pre-consolidation operation is achieved at a temperature of 3 secs and a pressure of 3 (9) bar in a heatable plate press during a period of 3 sec. To divide the filaments in the spun nonwoven fabric, the spun nonwoven fabric was placed 9 turns below the outlet nozzle of the dry ice pellets. angle. The nozzle is in the form of a wide injection nozzle having a rectangular exit area '5 〇 mm χ 4 mm, with which the energy is distributed to the largest possible area, where 'in principle it is also suitable to use a round nozzle. Then, the spun nonwoven fabric was smashed with dry ice pellets. Polyethylene terephthalate (crystal) according to IS〇75 HDT/A (18Mpa) has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 80 «c and a melting point of about 255 (according to IS〇1 1359), while polyamine 6 The glass transition temperature (Tg) according to ISO 75 HDT/A (1.8Mpa) is about 65 ° C ' melting point of about 220 ° C (according to ISO 1 1359). The dry ice pellets have a diameter of about 3 mm' length of about imm. When the dry ice density is 1 56 degrees / cubic centimeter, the weight of a pellet is about 11 grams (mass. The operation of bombardment with dry ice pellets, the dry ice pellet throughput of 5 〇 kg / hour 'speed (v) is 300 m / s Therefore, the kinetic energy of the dry ice pellets (Ekin=0.5mv2=0.5x0.11X10-3kgX (300m/s)2=4.95kg m2/s2) is 4.95 joules. 12 200934903 Between the outlet nozzle and the detachable starting fabric surface The distance between 1 〇 / / card ~ 100 millimeters 'and between 25 mm ~ 75 mm. In the case of spinning non-woven bombardment, the pressure of the teaching and dry ice pellets is 2 bar, the feeding speed of the outlet nozzle is 5 m / min. Figure 1 shows a mesh electron microscopy of the spun yarn of the spokes of the example 1. [Example 2] 纟 Example 2 is different from Example 1 in that it does not use dry ice pellets. Ice and snow (chips) particle size is about 0.1 mm X 0.5 mm, dry ice and snow weight is 0.0105 g (mass m) ^ The operation is carried out with dry ice and snow, the speed (v) is 300 m / s. Therefore, the kinetic energy of dry ice and snow (Ekin = 〇 .5mv2=〇5χ〇〇1〇5xl〇-3kgx (300m/s)2=〇.4725kg m2/s2) is 47.4725 joules. Also used for non-woven fabrics by double The composition is composed of filaments and has a pie structure of 16 segments, which is composed of polyethylene terephthalate/polyamide 6 and has a weight ratio of 7〇: 30. Unlike the procedure of Example 1, the nonwoven fabric is not used. Thermal pre-consolidation. In addition, the repair of the method is the same as in Example 1, except that dry ice and snow are used instead of dry ice pellets. Figure 2 shows a grid electron microscopy of the spun nonwoven of Example 2. Since there is no heat Pre-consolidation, the filament will move more than the example. [Example 3] The method of Example 3 also uses a spun nonwoven fabric composed of two-component filaments, having a pie-cake structure with 16 segments, from polyethylene terephthalate. The formate/polyamide 6 is composed at a weight ratio of 70: 30. This method is the same as in Example 2, using dry ice and snow without 13 200934903 dry ice pellets. Unlike Example 2, the pressure of dry ice in Example 3 is spinning. When the non-woven fabric is used for bombardment, there is only 丨bar instead of 2 bar. Figure 3 shows the mesh electron microscopy of the spun-woven fabric of Example 3. The method according to Fig. 3 shows that even at a pressure of 1 bar, it can be smoothly split into basic Filament. [Simplified illustration Fig. 1 is a REM photograph of an i 00 magnification section of a surface of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric pre-consolidated according to the present invention, which is divided into two parts by dry ice pellets according to the present invention and is first thermally consolidated. The ρΕτ/ρΑ pie pie is composed of fibers arranged in a weight ratio of 7〇: 3〇. Fig. 2 is a REM photograph of a π〇〇 magnification of a surface of a spun nonwoven fabric, which is required to use dry ice in accordance with the present invention at 2 bar. The enthalpy (without hot pre-consolidation) consists of ΡΕΤ/ΡΑ6 pie-cake structured fibers divided into segments, weighing 7〇: 3〇. Figure 3 is a rEm photograph of a 1 inch magnification of a surface of a spun nonwoven fabric. It is dried in the form of dry ice and snow at 1 bar (without heat consolidation), 0 by fragmented ΡΕΤ/ΡΑ派饼Fiber composition, weight ratio 70 : 30 ° [Main component symbol description] No 14

Claims (1)

200934903 X. Patent application: 1' manufacture of a material consisting of at least partially divided yarns, fibers or filaments. The yarn, fiber or filament is formed from at least two basic filaments. The starting fabric of the file is made of dry ice, icy water or a mixture of air/particles in the glass of the polymer used in the form of yarn, fiber or filament, at least 2g below the Tg. ~3 (the temperature of rc is treated (especially bombardment) @ at least splitting or splitting into the basic filaments. 2. As in the method of claim 1, wherein: The starting fabric is a non-woven fabric, in particular a spun nonwoven fabric. 3. The method of claim i or the second aspect of the invention, which uses the splittable starting fabric as a pre-consolidated nonwoven fabric. 4. If you apply for a patent scope! Or the method of item 2, wherein: the yarn, the fiber or the filament has at least two basic filaments selected from any combination of two polymers or a mixture thereof. Polyethylene polyethylamine and/or Or ethyl urethane.曰 5· If you apply for a patent scope! Or the method of item 2, wherein: the operation of treating the surface of the splittable starting fabric with dry ice, icing water or air. particle mixture is achieved by an incident _, α = 0.1 〇 ~180. And should be 45. ~ Again, ^, 135, especially 90. 〇 6. The method of claim 2 or 2, wherein the dry ice, icing water or particle-air mixture, is greater than 0.4 joules. The particle kinetic energy of the object is equal to έ 7. As in the method of claim No. 2 or item 2, the operation of splitting into a basic filament is in 〇5, order. 〜16 bar, and preferably 0.5 15 200934903 bar 〜6 bar' Yu S〇.5 bar ~ 2 bar pressure reached. 7. A device for splitting a yarn fiber or a long split starting fabric which is partially divided into the eve, the yarn, the sleek:: the basic filament of the stalk is formed, in particular, for implementing the scope of the patent application, Method: There is provided at least an outlet nozzle that faces the U term: the to; a splittable starting cloth surface is bombarded with dry ice or a mixture of icy water or empty particles. ❹8. The device of claim 8, wherein: the construct is provided in at least one of the outlet nozzles to chop the dry ice and the frozen water into a two-gas mixture. XI. Schema: as the next page 〇 16