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TW200934903A - Method for producing a textile fabric consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibers or filaments and device for the production thereof - Google Patents

Method for producing a textile fabric consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibers or filaments and device for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200934903A
TW200934903A TW097128919A TW97128919A TW200934903A TW 200934903 A TW200934903 A TW 200934903A TW 097128919 A TW097128919 A TW 097128919A TW 97128919 A TW97128919 A TW 97128919A TW 200934903 A TW200934903 A TW 200934903A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
dry ice
filaments
fabric
yarn
mixture
Prior art date
Application number
TW097128919A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TWI364467B (en
Inventor
Denis Reibel
Robert Groten
Ulrich Jahn
Peter Ryzko
Katharina Roempert
Original Assignee
Freudenberg Carl Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Freudenberg Carl Kg filed Critical Freudenberg Carl Kg
Publication of TW200934903A publication Critical patent/TW200934903A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI364467B publication Critical patent/TWI364467B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43828Composite fibres sheath-core
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06CFINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C29/00Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/549Polyamides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/55Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00Needling machines
    • D04H18/04Needling machines with water jets
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007Addition polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/147Composite yarns or filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06CFINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C11/00Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5412Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

200934903 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於一種製造由至少部分地劈分的紗、纖維或 長絲構成的布料的方法,該紗、纖維或長絲由至少二條基 本長絲形成。此外還關於這種布料的製造裝置。 【先前技術】 在文獻歐洲專利EP 0 814 188 Bi中提到由雙成份無端 ©長絲(由不相容的起始料:聚乙烯對苯二曱酸酯與聚醯胺6 構成)製造可容易分裂(spalten)的不織布方法。在此,該 不織布受到液邀壓力喷流的作用,以將該複合基材分離= 基本長絲,並將它們糾纏(Verwieklung)及結合。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的在提供-種方法,它可使得由可劈分(裂 膜、分紗)(splitten,英:split)的 ^ . . . , . . 纖維、長絲構成 的布料的製造程序簡化,且在經濟上特別有利。 對於由至少部分地可劈分的紗、 纖維或長絲構成的布 枓的製造程序’只需要相較於例如高遷水柱處理作業(特 =在約一巴的壓力)特別小的能量或將小的機械 此外,在此方法不需額外之特別 及/或成本密集的程序步驟,例 ^ #量密集 柱處理時所冑者)。 …布料乾燥㈣(在水 6 200934903 此外,該方法可使得由互相可相容的聚合物以及由互 不相的聚合物構成的共軛(複合)(K〇njugieren,英: jugate )的紗、纖維、或長絲能至少部分地劈分。 〇〇此外,還提供一種特別適合此方法的裝置,它可用簡 單方式實施此方法。 這些目的解決之道,係利用中請專利圍帛1項及第 1 〇項的特點。 I本發明提供—種製造由至少部分地劈分的紗纖維 或長絲構成的布料的方法’該紗、纖維或長絲由至少二條 基本長絲形成,其中一可劈分的起始布料藉著用乾冰、結 冰水或用空氣-粒子混合物在該呈紗、纖維或長絲方式使用 的聚合物的玻璃過渡溫度(Tg)以下至少20t〜30t的溫 度作處理(特別是森擊)而至少部分地分裂或劈分成該基 本長絲。 所用的非晶質(amorph)聚合物的玻璃過渡溫度(Tg) 0 4軟化溫度係指在該溫度时,該聚合物的變形能力有最大 的變化者。所謂的「玻螭溫度」係指在此溫度以下為脆而 能量方面有彈性的範圍(玻璃範圍),在此溫度以上為軟 而在熵(Entropie)方面有彈性的區域。過渡到非晶質聚合 物的液體範圍中的過渡區係有流動性者,部分結晶的聚合 物有一玻璃過渡溫度〔在此溫度以下,無晶質相「凍結」°〕 (漸成固體並脆)及一熔點(在此溫度該結晶相熔解)。 溶點將該熵彈性範圍與流動性範圍明顯區分。 所用之空氣-粒子混合物的固體粒子特別是無機粒子, 200934903 如妙(例如石英砂)或聚合物顆粒。 該乾冰、結冰水或‘ 式使用,關於乾、水戈妹士 ’昆合宜呈丸粒(Pellet)形 d水方面,也可呈雪的形式使用。 毫米之門— 處且用直徑約3亳米,長度在5〜30 毫卡之間的圓柱形粒子。而 較不易的粒子,舉例而…」—詞係指細顆粒而 小於i毫米。 。’其直徑約0.1毫米,長度等於或 〇 乾冰係指結冰的二 到該可分裂的起始布料 物0 氧化碳,溫度約-78.5°c ,它在撞擊 上時變成氣態(昇華)而不殘留餘 因此使用乾冰有-優點:隨後不須像例如在使用空氣_ Θ混合物的場合要作分離或過渡以將殘餘物從分裂的基本 長絲除去。 此外,當使用乾冰時在正常壓力下不會用水的冰那樣 像在產生液體,如此乾冰一詞名符其實。 由於在本發明的方法中,使用乾冰結冰水或空氣_粒 子混合物作分裂時不使用液體。特別是液體水,因此舉例 而言在水柱處理時所需的布料(它由至少部分劈分紗、纖 維或長絲構成)的乾燥程序(它特別費時、費能量及/或 成本高)可省卻。 藉著用乾冰轟擊,在所選設的程序參數時,處理過的 表面的溫度降了約6CTC下來。 當使用一種空氣-粒子混合物時或用結冰水時,處理溫 度選設成使所處理的表面的溫度在該聚合物(它呈紗、纖 8 200934903 維或長絲的形式使用)的玻璃過渡溫度(Tg) 〜3(TC。 王 v π :於處理溫度在該當作紗、纖維或長絲使用的聚合物 =璃過渡溫度(Tg)以下至少2〇〜邮,故造成聚合物 的某些變脆的情形’如此至少有助於或促使布料分解成基 本長絲,而不會損壞基本長絲。 此外,由於該乾冰、空氣♦混合物或結冰水的硬度較 小’故可避免基本纖維受損。 如不呈丸粒形式而呈雪的形式使用,由於其粒子大小 較卞或其硬度小(較大「軟度」),故就分裂或劈分作業 不損壞基本長絲而特別乾淨俐落的要求而觀之,係特別有 由於在該可分裂的起始布料作處理時乾冰的昇華效果 使得二氧化碳從固態變到氣態集結狀態時,其體積突然膨 脹了其最初體積的約600〜800倍。在此,乾冰跑在基本長 絲之間’ h此,布料分裂成基本長絲的作用同樣地至少受 支助或促進。 & 基本長絲的排列方式,在紗、纖維、或長紗的橫截面 看,舉例而言,可呈核心-鞠殼構造,或呈橘瓣構造或呈派 餅構造。特宜當作可分裂之起始布料使用者該基本長絲 呈派餅構造’且宜具有2〜64個片段,特別是用於改變長 絲的直徑者。 本發明較佳的設計見於申請專利範圍附屬項。 所用之可分裂的起始布料宜為一不織布。所用不織布 9 200934903 宜為短纖維不織布或#& 組合纖維,它們係用烷姑 布,它們具有無端長絲或具 來 最好使用=或溶劑紡絲程序❹卜 吏用某些熔紡不織布, 其優點為不需將㈣^ 劑訪絲不織布 w需將以除去,且其使用上 熱 所用之可分裂起始布料宜 拖从+ 针宜為預鞏固的不織布,它用 機械方式及/或化學 該右粗u 万式預鞏固,尤宜用熱預鞏固。 該布科的紗、纖維或長 ^ Λ» , ^ 長,4宜具有至少二種基本長絲, Ο 匕們=下物任意組合成之成對聚合物或聚合物混合物構 烯、聚酯、聚醮胺及/或聚胺基甲酸乙酯。 所用之較佳的聚烯的例子例如聚乙稀或聚丙烯,較佳 之聚醋例如聚乙婦對苯二酸酿、聚丁埽對苯二酸醋、聚三 乙烯對苯二酸醋、回收之聚輯、聚乳酸酸醋、或共聚醋, 較佳的聚酿胺的例子如聚酿胺6、聚醯心,聚醯 共聚醯胺》 為了要有良好效率’故該處理’特別是用乾冰、結冰 水或空氣粒子混合物轟擊到該可分裂的起始 θ的作業係宜以一入射角達成,尤宜表:。亡 135°,更宜 90°。 在此,乾冰、結冰水或空氣_粒子混合物的粒子動能宜 等於或大約0·4焦耳。在此,粒子的質量與速度選設成不會 使布料造成外觀上的損壞或在布料中形成孔。 乾冰、結冰水或空氣-粒子混合物的流過量宜為3〇公斤 /小時〜70公斤/小時,最好為3〇公斤/小時〜5〇公斤 /小時。 200934903 乾冰、結冰水或空氣-粒子混合物的粒子的平均尺寸宜 為10微米〜30毫米,特宜為01毫米〜1〇毫米以此尺寸 作用可分裂起始布料的表面。 將可分裂的起始布料的表面用乾冰、結冰水或空氣-粒 子混合物轟擊的作業,其出口喷嘴的進送逮度為25米/分 〜i2.5米/分,尤宜為2_5米/分〜5米〆分,轟擊速度為 100米/秒〜500米/秒。 ❹ 分裂成基本長絲的作業宜在〇·5巴〜16巴的壓力且 宜在0.5巴〜6巴的壓力,尤宜〇5〜2巴的壓力達成。 此外,S要提供-肖特別冑合上述本發明方法的裝 置,它可使此方法用簡單方式達成。 為此提供一種將由至少部分地劈分的紗、纖維或長絲 構成的可分裂的起始布料分裂的裝置,該紗、纖維或長絲 由至少二條基本長絲構成’特別是用於實施申請專利範圍 第1項的方法者,其中設有至少m它可朝向該 布料’以將該至少-可分裂的起始布料表面用乾冰或結冰 水或空氣-粒子混合物轟擊,或空氣_粒子混合物細分。 本發明的標的在以下利用實例及圖式詳細說明。 【實施方式】 網格電子顯微鏡(職)攝影係用-低壓網格電子纖 維鏡JE〇L JSM-6480 LV在加速電壓2〇Κν下作。 〔實例1〕 依實例1使用一紡絲不镰束 01 碑布,特別是一熔紡不織布, 200934903 由雙成分無端長絲構成,具有具16個片段的派餅構造,交 替地由聚乙烯對苯二酸酯/聚酿胺6 ( ρΕτ/ρΑ6 )構成,重 量比例70 : 30,將它用乾冰丸粒轟擊。 為此,該紡織不織布呈作了最起碼的針軋(因此作了 最起碼的機械式鞏固)方式’因此該不織布可運送。此外, μ紡絲不織布呈用熱預鞏固的方式其中該熱預鞏固作業 在一可加熱的板壓機在3〇秒時段在i5〇e>c溫度及3⑼巴壓 力達成。 要將紡絲不織布中的長絲劈分,將紡絲不織布放在乾 冰丸粒的出口喷嘴下方呈9〇。角度。喷嘴的形式係一種寬射 出喷嘴,具有長方形出口面積’大小5〇毫米χ4毫米,用此 喷嘴將能量分佈到儘量大的面積,其中’原則上也適合使 用圓喷嘴。 然後將該、纺絲不織布用乾冰丸粒森擊。 聚乙烯對苯二酸酯(結晶)依IS〇 75 HDT/A( l 8Mpa) 的玻璃過渡溫度(Tg)約80«c及熔點約255它(依IS〇 1 1359 ),而聚醯胺6依ISO 75 HDT/A ( 1.8Mpa)的玻璃過 渡溫度(Tg)約 65°C ’ 熔點約 220°C (依 ISO 1 1359)。 乾冰丸粒的直徑約3mm’長度約imm。當乾冰密度1 56 度/立方公分時’一丸粒重約〇11克(質量。 用乾冰丸粒轟擊的作業,其乾冰丸粒通過量5〇公斤/ 小時’速度(v)為300米/秒。 因此乾冰丸粒的動能(Ekin=0.5mv2=0.5x0.11X10-3kgX (300m/s)2=4.95kg m2/s2)為 4.95 焦耳。 12 200934903 出口喷嘴與可分裂之起始布料表面之間的距離在1〇毫 /卡〜100毫未間’且宜在25毫米〜75毫米間。 在紡絲不織布轟擊時,教、士 乾冰丸粒的壓力為2巴,出口 喷嘴的進送速度為5米/分。 圖1顯不實例1的纺絲尤她士 ^ 刃对絲不織布的一網格電子顯微鏡攝 影。 〔實例2〕 纟實例2中與實例1不同,不用乾冰丸粒而用乾冰雪 (屑)粒子大小約0.1毫米X0.5毫米,乾冰雪重0.0105 克(質量m) ^ 用乾冰雪轟擊的作業,速度(v)為300米/秒。 因此乾冰雪的動能(Ekin=〇.5mv2=〇 5χ〇 〇1〇5xl〇-3kgx (300m/s)2=〇.4725kg m2/s2)為 〇.4725 焦耳。 此外所用不織布由雙成份長絲構成,具有具16片段的 派餅構造,由聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯/聚醯胺6構成,重量 ❹ 比例7〇 : 30,與實例1的程序方式不同者,該不織布不作 熱預鞏固。除此之外,該方法的修件與實例1同,其中只 是不用乾冰丸粒而用乾冰雪。 圖2顯示實例2的紡絲不織布的網格電子顯微鏡攝 影。由於沒有作熱預鞏固,該長絲比實例丨者更會移動。 〔實例3〕 在實例3的方法同樣使用雙成份長絲構成的紡絲不織 布,具有具16片段的派餅構造,由聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯/ 聚醯胺6構成,重量比70: 30。此方法一如實例2,不用 13 200934903 乾冰丸粒而用乾冰雪。與實例2不同者,實例3中乾冰雪 的壓力在紡絲不織布作轟擊時只有丨巴而非2巴。 圖3顯不實例3的紡絲不織布的網格電子顯微鏡攝影。 依圖3的方法顯示,即使在1巴的壓力,仍能順利地 分裂成基本長絲。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係依本發明預鞏固的紡絲不織布的表面的i 00 倍放大部段的REM攝影,該不織布依本發明用乾冰丸粒在 2巴劈分且先作熱鞏固,它由分成片段的ρΕτ/ρΑ派餅排列 的纖維構成,其重比例7〇 : 3〇。 圖2係一紡絲不織布的表面的ι〇〇倍放大片段的REM 攝影,它依本發明用乾冰需在2巴劈分(不用熱作預鞏固), 由分成片段的ΡΕΤ/ΡΑ6派餅構造纖維構成,重量比7〇: 3〇。 圖3係一紡絲不織布表面的1 〇〇倍放大的片段的rEm 攝影’它依本發明用乾冰雪在1巴劈分(不用熱作鞏固), 0 由分成片段的ΡΕΤ/ΡΑ派餅構造纖維構成,重量比例70 : 30 ° 【主要元件符號說明】 無 14

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  1. 200934903 十、申請專利範固: 1’種製造由至少部分地劈分的紗、纖維或長絲構成的 ^料的^法’該紗、纖維或長絲由至少二條基本長絲形成, 中可劈刀的起始布料藉著用乾冰、結冰水或用空氣_粒 子混合物在該呈紗、纖維或長絲方式使用的聚合物的玻璃 ,渡恤度(Tg)以下至少、2〇〇c〜3(rc的溫度作處理(特別 是轟擊)@至少冑分地分裂或劈分成該基本長絲。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中:
    起始布料為一不織布,特別是紡絲不織布 3·如申請專利範圍第i或第2項之方法,其令 使用之可分裂起始布料為一種預鞏固化的不織布。 4.如申請專利範圍第!或第2項之方法,其_ : 該紗、纖維或長絲至少有二條基本長絲,它們由二 下的聚合物或其混合物的任意組合選出··聚乙烯聚乙酯 聚醯胺及/或聚胺基甲酸乙酯。 曰 5·如申請專利範圍第!或第2項之方法,其令: 該用乾冰、結冰水或空氣.粒子混合物處理、(特 擊)該可分裂的起始布料的表面的作業係以一入射_ 達成,α=0.1〇〜180。,且宜為45。〜 又 ,^ , 135 ,尤宜為 90。〇 6.如申請專利範圍第】或第2項之方法其中. 該乾冰、結冰水或粒子-空氣混合 、. 大於0.4焦耳。 物的粒子動能等於έ 7.如申請專利範圍第丨或第2項之方法, 該分裂成基本長絲的作業係在〇 5 、令. 〜16巴,且宜0.5 15 200934903 巴〜6巴’尤S〇.5巴〜2巴的壓力達成。 7.種將由至夕部分地劈分的紗纖維或長 分裂的起始布料分裂的裝置,該紗、纖鮮::的可 條基本長絲構成’特別是用於實施申請專利範圍、由= 方法者:其中設有至少-出口喷嘴,它可朝向該U項: 將該至;一可分裂的起始布料表面用乾冰或結冰水或空 粒子混合物轟擊。 ❹ 8·如申請專利範圍第8項之裝置,其中: 在至少一出口喷嘴中設有建入物以將該乾冰、結冰水 成二氣-粒子混合物切碎。 十一、圖式: 如次頁 〇 16
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JP2010538170A (ja) 2010-12-09
WO2009030317A1 (de) 2009-03-12
CN101778972A (zh) 2010-07-14
ATE555242T1 (de) 2012-05-15
TWI364467B (en) 2012-05-21
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PL2185757T3 (pl) 2012-09-28
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