TWI364467B - Verfahren zur herstellung eines flaechengebildes aus zumindest teilweise gesplitteten garnen, fasern oder filamenten und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a simple and economical method for producing textile fabric consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibres or filaments, in which, in particular, time consuming, energy and/or cost intensive processes are avoided. As a result, a dividable, initial textile fabric is divided or split at least partially into elementary filaments by treatment, in particular bombardment with dry ice, frozen water or an air-particle mixture at a temperature of at least 20 °C to 30 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers used as yarns, fibres or filaments.

Description

1364467 IX. Description of the invention: The yarn, the fiber or the at least two substrates of the technical field to which the invention pertains. The present invention is directed to a method of making a fabric comprised of at least partially split filaments formed from filaments, fibers or filaments. In addition, it also relates to the manufacture of such a fabric. [Prior Art]

It is mentioned in the literature European Ρ 0 814 188 Βι that the two-component endless filaments (consisting of incompatible starting materials: polyethylene terephthalic acid and polyamide 6) can be easily split (spalten). Non-woven method. Here, the nonwoven fabric is subjected to a liquid pressure jet to 'separate the composite substrate into basic filaments' and entangle them and bond them. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method which simplifies the manufacturing process of a fabric composed of yarns, fibers, filaments which can be split (split, split), and is economically special. advantageous. For the production process of a fabric consisting of yarns, fibers or filaments which are at least partially separable, it is only necessary to have a particularly small amount of energy compared to, for example, a high pressure water column treatment (especially at a pressure of about 12 Torr to 500 bar) or Will be a small mechanical force. Furthermore, there is no need for additional special time-intensive, energy-intensive and/or cost-intensive process steps in this method 'Example b fabric drying operations (required for water column processing). 6 1364467. Furthermore, this method can be The mutually compatible polymers and the co-assembled yarns, fibers or filaments of mutually non-phased polymers can be at least partially split. In addition, a device that is particularly suitable for this method is provided, which can be implemented in a simple manner. The solution to these two objectives is to take advantage of the features of items 2 and 1 of the scope of the patent application. According to the invention there is provided a method of making a cloth comprising at least partially divided yarns, fibers or filaments formed from at least two basic filaments, wherein a detachable starting fabric is Use dry ice, icy water or a mixture of gas and particles in the yarn, fiber or filament method to have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 2 (rc~3) (the temperature of rc is treated (especially The glass transition temperature (Tg) or softening temperature of an amorph polymer that is at least partially split or split into the basic filaments means that at this temperature, the polymer has the greatest deformability. The term "glassy temperature" refers to a range in which energy is elastic and below this temperature (glass range), where the temperature is softer and the area is elastic in terms of Entropie. The liquid range of the amorphous polymer is such that the transition zone is fluid, and the partially crystalline polymer has a glass transition temperature (below this temperature, the crystal phase is "frozen") (gradual solid and brittle) and a melting point at which the crystalline phase melts. The marting point distinguishes the entropy elastic range from the range of fluidity. The solid particles of the open-particle mixture used are especially inorganic particles, 7 1364467 such as sand (eg quartz sand) or Polymer granules. The dry ice, icy water or air-gas-particle mixture should be in the form of pellets (5) in the form of 'dry ice or icing water, in the form of snow. The dry ice pellets used here, here. It is preferable to use cylindrical particles having a diameter of about 3 mm and a length of 5 to 100 mm. "Dry ice and snow" - the word is two particles and the less difficult particles 'for example, 'the diameter is about 1 mm, and the length is less than 1 Mm. Dry ice means that the carbon dioxide that freezes has a temperature of about _78 5, which becomes gaseous (sublimation) when it hits the splittable starting fabric without leaving a residue. Therefore, there is an advantage in using dry ice: For example, in the case of using air _ 々 / 3⁄4 %, it is necessary to separate or transition to remove the residue from the split basic filament. In addition, * when using dry ice, ice that does not use water under normal pressure is like producing liquid. The word "dry ice" is true.

Since in the method of the present invention, dry ice icing water or air particles are used. The liquid is not used when the object is cracked, especially liquid water, so for example. The drying process (which is particularly time consuming, energy intensive and/or costly) of the fabric required to process the column (which consists of at least part of the split yarn, fiber, quasi or filament) can be dispensed with. By bombarding with dry ice, A^ at the selected program parameters, the temperature of the treated surface dropped by about 60 ° C. When the air-particles are used to make the treated surface mixture or when using icing water, the temperature of the treatment is in the form of the polymer (which is used in the form of yarn, fiber 8 1364467. or filament). Glass transition temperature () ~ 30 〇 C. At least 20 below, because the treatment temperature is at least 20 below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer used as the yarn, fiber or filament, causing some brittleness of the polymer, thus at least helping or Causes the fabric to break down into basic filaments without damaging the basic filaments. In addition, since the dry ice, the air-sand mixture or the icing water has a small hardness, the damage of the basic fibers can be avoided.

Form use, due to its particle size"), it is considered to be split or split into the requirements of the operation, especially if it is not in the form of pellets, the snow is smaller or its hardness is small (larger "softness is not damaged" The basic filaments are particularly clean and profitable. Since the sublimation effect of dry ice during the treatment of the splittable starting fabric causes the carbon dioxide to change from a solid state to a gaseous state of aggregation, its volume suddenly expands by about _~8 (10) times its original value. Here, 'dry ice runs between the basic filaments, so that the splitting of the fabric into the basic filaments is at least a support or promotion. The basic filaments are arranged in the transverse direction of the yarn, the fiber, or the long yarn. In terms of cross-section, for example, it may be in the form of a core-sheath structure, or in the form of an orange or a pie. It is particularly suitable as a user of the initial fabric that can be split, and the basic filament is in the form of a pie. Having 2 to 64 segments, especially for direct control of filaments. The preferred design of the invention is found in the scope of the patent application. The detachable starting fabric used is preferably a non-woven fabric. Staple fiber Non-woven fabrics or spun non-woven fabrics...Combined fibers, which are melt-spun or we have endless filaments or have some of the best melt-spun yarns: the arrival comes, the advantage is that it does not need to be solvent-spun Non-woven fabrics are more cost-effective to split the starting fabric. Thermal, mechanical and/or chemical 2 is - pre-stamped non-woven fabrics. It is preferred to use yarns, fibers or filaments of the fabric to have a == solid. The following materials are composed of a basic filament, a synthetic polymer or a mixture of polymers, a polythene, a polyester, a polyamine, and/or a polyurethane. Examples of preferred women, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytriene to the acid ester, recycled polyester , polylactic acid ester, or copolyester, preferred examples of polyamines such as polyamine 6, polyamide 12, polyamido copolyamine. ~ In order to have good efficiency, the treatment, especially Blasting onto the surface of the splittable starting fabric with a mixture of dry ice, icing water or air particles The industry should preferably have an incident angle of 0.1 to 180. Achieved, especially 45 〇 to 135 °, more preferably 90 °. Here, the particle kinetic energy of the dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture should be equal to or about 0.4 joules. Here, the mass and speed of the particles are selected so as not to cause damage to the fabric or to form holes in the fabric. The excess flow of dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture should be 3 〇 kg / h ~ 70 kg /hour, preferably 3〇kg/hr~5〇kg/hr. 1364467 Average size of particles of dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture

For 10 micrometers to 3 〇 卓, 4* ^ I 0 millimeters, especially 0.1 mm to 10 mm, the surface of the starting fabric can be split by this ruler. The operation of bombarding the surface of the initial fabric which can be split/cracked with a mixture of dry ice, icing water or air rafts, wherein the feed rate of the σ nozzle is 25 m/min to 12.5 m/min, particularly preferably 2.5. Meter / minute ~ 5 m / min, bombardment speed: 100 m / s ~ 500 m / s.

The operation of splitting into basic filaments should be carried out at a pressure of 5 bar to 16 bar and preferably at a pressure of 0.5 bar to 6 bar, especially at a pressure of 5 to 2 bar. Furthermore, a device which is particularly suitable for the above-described method of the invention is provided, which allows the method to be achieved in a simple manner. For this purpose, a device for splitting a splittable starting cloth consisting of at least partially split yarns, fibers or filaments consisting of at least two basic filaments, in particular for carrying out The method of claim 1, wherein at least one outlet nozzle is provided, which is oriented toward the cloth to bombard the surface of the at least one splittable starting cloth with dry ice or icing water or an air-particle mixture, or The air-particle mixture is subdivided. . The subject matter of the present invention will be described in detail below using the examples and drawings. [Embodiment] A grid electron microscope (REM) photography system was performed with a low-voltage grid electron fiber mirror JEOL JSM-6480 LV at an acceleration voltage of 20 Κν. [Example 1] A spun nonwoven fabric, in particular a melt-spun nonwoven fabric, was used according to Example 1, and 1364467 was composed of two-component endless filaments, and was constructed of polyethylene to a stupid-acid two-piece fragment. This acid s day / polyamine 6 (a ratio of 70: 30, MM / PA6), heavy sputum bombardment with dry ice pellets. For this reason, the textile non-woven fabric was used as the rudder card to make the minimum needle rolling (thus made ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ' so the non-woven fabric can be transported. In addition, the wide and non-woven fabrics are hot preloaded. The way... The hot pre-finished work was achieved in a heatable plate press in a 30 second period at 15 generations of temperature and strength.

To divide the filaments in the spun nonwoven fabric, the spun nonwoven fabric was placed 9 turns below the outlet nozzle of the dry ice pellets. angle. The nozzle is in the form of a wide injection nozzle having a rectangular exit area of 50 mm χ 4 mm, with which the energy is distributed to the largest possible area, wherein in principle a round nozzle is also suitable. The spun nonwoven fabric was then bombarded with dry ice pellets. Polyethylene terephthalate (crystal) according to ISO 75 HDT/A (1.8Mpa) glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 80 ° C and melting point of about 255t: (according to ISO 1 1359 ) ' and polyamine 6 according to ISO 75 HDT/A (1.8Mpa) has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of approximately 65. (:, melting point of about 220 ° C (according to ISO 1 1359). Dry ice pellets are about 3 mm in diameter and about 1 mm in length. When the dry ice density is 1.56 degrees / cubic centimeter, one pellet weighs about 0.11 g (mass m) » with dry ice The operation of pellet bombardment has a dry ice pellet throughput of 50 kg/hr and a velocity (v) of 300 m/sec. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the dry ice pellet (Ekin=〇.5mv2=0.5xO.11 X l〇_3kgx (300m/s) 2=4.95kgm2/s2) is 4.95 joules. 12 1364467 The distance between the outlet nozzle and the surface of the detachable starting fabric is between ίο mm and 1 mm, and preferably between 25 mm and 75 mm. In the case of spinning non-woven bombardment, the pressure of the dry ice pellets is 2 bar, and the feeding speed of the outlet nozzle is 5 m/min. Fig. 1 shows the spun-non-woven fabric-mesh electron microscope photograph of Example 1. 2) In Example 2, unlike the example!, dry ice and snow (chips) are used instead of dry ice pellets. The size of the pieces is about 0. 1 mm x 0.5 mm, and the dry ice and snow is 0.0105 g (mass m). The operation, the speed (v) is 3 pleads / sec. Therefore, the kinetic energy of dry ice and snow (Ekin = 0.5mv2 = 0.5x0.0105xl (T3kgx (300m / S) 2 = 0.4725k g m2/s2) is 〇 4725 joules. The non-woven fabric used is composed of two-component filaments, and has a pie-cake structure with i6 segments, composed of polyethylene terephthalate/polyamide 6, weight ratio 70: 30 'The method of the program is different from the example 该. The non-woven fabric is not pre-consolidated. In addition, the repairing method of this method is the same as in Example 1, except that dry ice and snow are used instead of dry ice pellets. Figure 2 is not true {column 2 #丝丝无织的网电镜microscope. The filaments move more than the example i because there is no heat pre-consolidation. [Example 3] The method of Example 3 also uses a spun nonwoven fabric composed of two-component filaments. It has a pie-cake structure with 16 segments, consisting of polyethylene terephthalate vinegar/polyamide 6, and the weight ratio is 7〇: 3〇. This method is as in Example 2, without 13 1364467. Dry ice pellets are used for drying. Ice and snow. Invite the sound of J2 different, the pressure of the example in the spinning non-woven fabric bombardment in the dry ice ancient figure 3 shows the spinning non-woven fabric of Example 3 =: non 2 bar. According to the method of Figure 3, even in the wide grid electronic Microscopic photography. Split into basic filaments. Pressure of Ba Still smoothly [Simple Description of the Drawings] ® 1 series, the dirty imaging of the 1〇〇 magnification section of the surface of the spunlaid nonwoven fabric pre-consolidated according to the present invention, the non-woven fabric according to the present invention using dry ice pellets at 2 barr Divided and heat-consolidated first. It consists of fibers arranged in segments of ρΕτ/ρΑ pie, with a weight ratio of 7〇: 3〇. Figure 2 is a rem image of the i〇〇 magnification of the surface of a spun nonwoven. According to the invention, the dry ice is required to be divided into 2 parts (without heat pre-consolidation), and is composed of a segmented PET/PA6 pie cake construction fiber, and the weight ratio is 7〇: 30. Figure 3 is a rEm % of a 1x enlarged segment of a spun nonwoven surface. 'It is constructed according to the invention with dry ice and snow at 1 bar (without heat pre-consolidation), from a segmented PET/PA pie. Composition, weight ratio 7〇: 3〇〇 [Main component symbol description]

J&L M»,

Claims (1)

136446/ 100 years of the next month, the replacement page is applied for a patent, and the method of manufacturing a yarn, a fiber cone, and a red material, which are divided into at least four points, is composed of the yarn, the 镞... At least two basic filaments are formed in the heart of the eight-eighth, : person: the starting fabric is made of dry ice, icing water or a puff in the yarn, fiber or: "transition temperature (Tg) below / The material "the glass of the object is A hit" and the temperature of the "..." is treated (in particular, the knife is split or split into the basic filament, and _ cold ear. The particle kinetic energy of the compound is equal to or greater than 〇.4 2. For the method of claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein: the starting fabric used is - not sensitive, 3 such as Φ 1 π Λ cloth, especially the spinning non-woven fabric. 3. Female application patent scope Α item 2 The method, wherein: the splittable starting fabric used is -., Λ ^ the top-layer cured non-woven fabric. 4. The method of claim 1 and 2, wherein: the yarn, fiber or The filaments have at least two, 1, and the filaments, and the polymers from -, ,, or mixtures thereof Any one selected by H σ: polyethylene, polyamine, and/or polyurethane urethane. 曰, 5, as in the method of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the dry ice, icing Water or empty H every two rituals - particle mixture treatment hits the split fabric of the starting fabric and the operation of the surface from the & inch is achieved, α = 0.1 ο ~ 180. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein: ct = 45. ~ 135. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein: 15 1364467 α = 90 〇〇 100 November replacement correction Page 8. If the method of claim 1 or 2 is called, the method of splitting into a basic filament is at a pressure of 〇, '巴〜16巴. 9. The method of claim 8 , which allows the operation to be achieved at a pressure of 〇5 bar to 6 bar. 10. The method of claim 9 of the patent scope is as follows: The operation is achieved at a pressure of 0.5 to 2 bar. a device for splitting a knife-breakable starting fabric consisting of at least partially divided yarns, fibers or filaments, the yarn, fiber or filament being composed of at least one basic filament, in particular for implementation The method of claim 1 of the patent scope is characterized in that at least one outlet nozzle is provided, which can face the cloth to dry the ice or icing water or air on the surface of the starting fabric of the at least one - Particle mixture bombardment. I2. The device of claim 11 of the patent application, wherein: A build-up is provided in at least one of the outlet nozzles to chop the dry ice, icing water or air-particle mixture. XI. Schema: as the next page 16 1364467 1364467 t :M .A v ; ;>^ fl ^/:5 /W m :u 1364467