200923502 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於液晶顯示裝置，詳言之，係關於對應於 大型化，即使畫面長邊的長度比偏光板的製造生產線的寬 幅更大，也可以分別以1枚來構成被配置在液晶胞的表背 面的偏光板之液晶顯示裝置。 【先前技術】 近年來，液晶顯示裝置的大型化急速進展，依照現在 的情況繼續大型化的話，可以預期偏光板的製造設備追不 上大型化的速度。在削減成本的呼聲中，製造設備的增設 或新設在某個程度上是屬於中長期的規劃，所以業界期待 著以現有的設備來對應大型化的發展。在大型的顯示裝 置，現在採用長邊與短邊的比爲16: 9的所謂寬螢幕畫 面。相關的寬螢幕畫面之對角的長度與畫面長邊及短邊的 長度的關係整理於表1。 200923502 表1 畫面尺寸與縱橫長度 對角長度 26吋 32吋 42吋 46吋 52吋 62吋 66吋 72吋 102吋 長邊 576 mm 708 mm 930 mm 1,018 mm 1,151 mm 1,373 mm 1,461 mm 1,594 mm 2,258 mm 短邊 324 mm 398 mm 523 mm 573 mm 648 mm 772 mm 822 mm 897 mm 1,270 mm 現在，於多數的大型液晶顯示裝置，液晶胞的表背面 偏光板，係以吸收軸直交的方式配置。具體而言，設畫面 的橫（長邊）方向爲〇°，而以一方偏光板的吸收軸爲0°， 而另一方之偏光板的吸收軸爲90°的方式配置。以下，在 沒有特別提及的情況下，畫面上的角度，係指基本上由視 覺確認側來看畫面時，長邊方向右側爲〇°，而以反時針方 向爲正（+)來顯示角度。 接著，於偏光板的生產，原料之聚乙烯醇薄膜被縱向 單軸延伸，其吸收軸成爲輥薄膜之流向（MD )。因此， 例如以輥薄膜的方式生產的偏光板的寬幅爲1 4 6 0 m m的場 合，由該滾薄膜所能取得的偏光板的最大尺寸在吸收軸爲 〇°的偏光板爲2,596mmxl,460mm，吸收軸爲90°的偏光板 爲l，460mmx821mm。亦即，對角的長度爲66吋（1461mm X 8 22 mm )以上的液晶顯示裝置所使用的表背面的偏光板 無法分別由1枚來生產製造。因爲這樣，爲了取得吸收軸 -5- 200923502 爲90°短邊長超過821mm的尺寸的偏光板，必須要使偏光 板生產設備大型化，或者至少一方之偏光板必須要將複數 枚連接起來使用。在偏光板輥的寬幅爲1,340mm的場合， 由其所可取得的偏光板的最大尺寸進而變得更小。 在此，例如於日本特開2004-93 82 5號公報（專利文 獻1)，被提出藉由將複數枚偏光板連接配置而使成爲大 型的液晶顯示裝置之方法。 此外，在長邊與短邊的程度比爲1 6比9而對角長度 爲3 2吋（約 8 1 3 mm )的場合，長邊與短邊的長度爲 70 8mmx3 9 8mm -所以由寬幅1340mm的偏光板輥，只能夠 在輥寬幅方向上取出1枚吸收軸爲90°的偏光板，取出效 率很差。對此，如果是吸收軸爲 〇 °的偏光板’由寬幅 1,340mm的偏光板輥可以於寬幅方向切取3枚。由這樣的 取片效率之方面來看，如果能將吸收軸0°的偏光板配置於 液晶胞的表背面的話’於成本上有利。 另一方面，於液晶顯示裝置使用著種種模式的液晶 胞，對應於分別的模式，爲了補正視角特性，也會配置各 種視角補償膜。例如’於日本特開2000-1 371 1 6號公報 (專利文獻2) ’揭示出藉由使乙醯化度（acetylation ) 爲 2.5〜2.8的醋酸纖維素（cellulose acetate)薄膜配 向，而成爲使波長400〜700nm之複折射Δη波長越長時 越大，而且平均折射率於波長越短時越大的的相位差板。 於日本特開2007-9420 8號公報（專利文獻3 )，揭示著在 基材上將棒狀化合物隨機均質（random homogeneous)配 200923502 向’而使成爲負C板（negative C plate )。此外，於日本 特開2007- 1 08 5 52號公報（專利文獻4 )，也記載著在液 晶胞與被配置於其一方側之偏光子之間配置正C板者，作 爲該正C板，使用包含使成爲垂面（homeotropic)分子 配向之Calamitic (棒狀分子）液晶化合物之層。 如前述專利文獻1所揭示著在連接複數枚偏光板的場 合’會有在接縫部分產生光醞染開的問題，要進行完全消 除相關的漏光之製造，在技術上是極爲困難的。進而，溫 度或濕度等環境變動的場合也有漏光情形擴大的疑慮。 本發明之目的在於即使將由一枚所構成的，吸收軸幾 乎爲〇°的偏光板配置於液晶胞的表背面，也可以呈現與現 行之使吸收軸直交而配置的場合同樣之正交尼科爾 (crossed Nichol)狀態’因而，即使使用以現行的偏光 板生產設備來生產的偏光板，也可以提供能進而大型化的 液晶顯示裝置。本案發明人，發現把光射入側（背光側） 以及光射出側（視覺確認側）之偏光板，均成爲吸收軸幾 乎成爲〇°的方式配置的場合，藉由在二者之間將二分之一 波長板以幾乎45°或者135°之遲相軸角度進行配置，可以 實現正交尼科爾（crossed Nichol)狀態，因而完成本發 明。 【發明內容】 在此，根據本發明，提供一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵 爲具備：於一對胞基板之間夾持液晶而成之液晶胞，被配 -7- 200923502 置於一方胞基板的外側之第一偏光板，被配置於另一方之 胞基板的外側之第二偏光板，及被配置於第一偏光板與液 晶胞之間之，面內的相位差値R〇爲200nm以上400nm以 下之第一相位差板；以第一偏光板之吸收軸爲基準’反時 針方向的角度以正値表示，第二偏光板係以其吸收軸爲0° ± 1 0 °以內的角度被配置，由前述第一偏光板之吸收軸直到 第二偏光板的吸收軸之角度爲Θ，前述第一相位差板其遲 相軸係以（0 +90。）/2 ±5。以內或者（0 +270° ) /2 ±5°以內 之角度配置的。 於前述之液晶顯示裝置，較佳者爲第一偏光板之吸收 軸與第二偏光板之吸收軸，均係以畫面的長邊方向爲基準 以± 1 0°以內之角度配置的。此外，第一偏光板之吸收軸至 第二偏光板之吸收軸的角度Θ，較佳者爲0°± 5°以內，進 而更佳者爲〇°±1°以內，尤其以〇°，亦即二者之吸收軸實 質成爲平行者最佳。如此般，第一偏光板之吸收軸與第二 偏光板之吸收軸均以與畫面長邊方向幾乎平行的方式配 置，適用於對角之長度在32吋（約813mm)以上之大型 液晶顯示裝置是很有利的。尤其是，即使是對角長度66 吋（約1,676mm)以上之超大型液晶顯示裝置，也可以使 表背面偏光板分別以一枚來構成。 第一相位差板，最好是在可見光之波長區域，具有波 長越短相位差越小，波長越長相位差越大的波長分散特 性，薄膜面內的遲相軸方向之折射率爲nx，薄膜面內與遲 相軸直交的方向之折射率爲ny，薄膜厚度方向之折射率爲 -8- 200923502 nz時，滿足nx>ny与nz之關係。 此外，第一相位差板，最好是具有波長越短相位差越 小，波長越長相位差越大的波長分散特性，薄膜厚度方向 之相位差値Rth對薄膜面內的相位差値R〇之比Rth/R〇最 好超過-〇_5而不滿+ 0.5。更佳者爲此相位差比Rth/R〇超 過-0.1而不滿+〇· 1。 爲了調整第一相位差板的厚度方向之相位差値Rth， 於第一相位差板之至少一方之面上，配置面內之相位差値 Ro在0〜10nm的範圍，厚度方向之相位差値Rth在-100 nm以上-10以下或者10nm以上100nm以下之第二相位差 板的做法也是有效的。 進而，於第一相位差板與液晶胞之間，或者第二偏光 板與液晶胞之間，配置供補正對應於液晶顯示模式的視角 特性之視角補償膜也是有效的。 於本發明’使第一偏光板與第二偏光板之吸收軸分別 爲0°方向，將二者實質平行地配置的場合（6» =〇。），由 背光入射而透過一方之偏光板的直線偏光，藉由對該偏光 板的吸收軸，使遲向軸配置於45°或者135。之第一相位差 板’偏光狀態被旋轉9(Γ，到達光射出側偏光板時成爲正 交尼科爾（crossed Nichol)狀態。 此處，作爲第一相位差板，若採用面內的相位差値 R〇跨可見光的波長區域呈現成爲半波長的波長分散特性 者’可以跨可見光之全波長區域實現正交尼科爾狀態。進 而較佳者爲採用在第一相位差板層積第二相位差板，合計 -9- 200923502 二者的相位差値於所有的方位角以及所有的極角， 光的波長區域呈現成爲半波長的波長分散特性者， 可見光之全波長區域實現正交尼科爾狀態。 【實施方式】 以下，適時參照圖面詳細說明本發明。圖1係 本發明之液晶顯不裝置之基本的層構成與軸角度之 立體圖。在此圖’爲了容易理解，將各層隔開表示 下所出現的顯示層構成與軸角度關係之立體圖，也 用同樣的表示形式。 如此圖所示’在本發明，於構成液晶1 0的一 板1 1之外側配置第一偏光板2 0，於另一方胞基板 側配置第二偏光板3 0。液晶胞1 0，成爲在平行配 對胞基板1 1，1 2之間夾持液晶1 3之構造。接著， 偏光板2 0與液晶胞1 0之間，配置面內相位差値 200nm以上400nm以下之第一相位差板40。此外 偏光板20的吸收軸25、第二偏光板30的吸收軸： 第一相位差板40之遲相軸45，分別使其成爲特 係。 圖2係由畫面上側（視覺確認側）所見的狀態 偏光板20的吸收軸25、第二偏光板30的吸收軸 及第一相位差板40之遲相軸45的關係之平面圖。 所示，第一偏光板2 0與第二偏光板3 0，係以從前 收軸25至後者的吸收軸35之角度Θ成爲0°± 10°以 跨可見 可以跨 相關於 關係之 ，於以 全部採 方胞基 12的外 置的一 在第一 R〇在 ，第一 55以及 定的關 之第一 35、以 如此圖 者之吸 內的方 -10- 200923502 式配置。此處之角度，以反時針方向爲正（+)。又，於 分別的偏光板，在面內與吸收軸直交的方向成爲透過軸。 此外，第一偏光板20的吸收軸25起至第一相位差板40 的遲相軸45的角度φ ，係以成爲（0+90°) /2±5°以內或 者（0+2 7〇°) /2 ±5°以內的方式，配置第一相位差板40。 於相位差板，在面內與遲相軸直交的方向成爲進相軸。接 著，第一偏光板20與第二偏光板30之中，於其中某一方 之外側被配置背光。 第一偏光板之吸收軸25至第二偏光板的吸收軸35之 角度0，及第一偏光板之吸收軸25至第一相位差板之遲 相軸45之角度φ ，係以第一偏光板之吸收軸25爲基準， 這些角度的表示，係先前定義的「由視覺確認側來看畫面 時，以長邊方向右側爲〇 °」之例外。但是，第一偏光板的 吸收軸25被配置爲與畫面長邊方向平行的場合，如前述 原則，成爲與以長邊方向右側爲0°而顯示之値相同。 如前所述，在本發明第一偏光板2 0的吸收軸2 5與第 二偏光板30的吸收軸35之夾角0爲0°±10°之構成，藉由 使透過一方偏光板的光的偏光狀態，藉由第一相位差板4 0 而迴轉0 +90°或者θ -90°，而實現正交尼科爾狀態。 第一偏光板20之吸收軸25與第二偏光板30之吸收 軸35，如前所述，二者之夾角Θ，以第一偏光板20之吸 收軸25爲基準，以成爲〇°±1〇°的方式配置是很重要的， 分別的吸收軸25,35均以畫面的長邊方向爲基準以±10。以 內的角度配置較佳。接著，將配置於第一偏光板20與液 -11 - 200923502 晶胞1 〇之間的第一相位差板4 0，藉由其遲相軸以第一 光板20的吸收軸25爲基準，以成爲（0 +90° ) /2±5°以 或者（0+270°) /2±5°以內的方式配置，使透過一方之 光板的偏光通過第一相位差板40時幾乎被旋轉0+90° 0 -90°，對另一方偏光板爲正交尼科爾狀態之偏光，到 該另一方之偏光板。 接著，使第一偏光板20之吸收軸25與第二偏光板 之吸收軸35以畫面長邊方向爲基準在±1〇°以內，較佳 爲±5°以內，更佳者爲±1°以內，以成爲實質上平行的方 配置，適用於對角長度32吋（約813mm)以上的大型 晶顯不裝置是有利的。 如前所述，在長邊與短邊的程度比爲16比9而對 長度爲32吋（約813mm，長邊X短邊爲708mmx398mm )的場合，相對於由寬幅1 , 3 4 0 m m的偏光板輥，只能夠 輥寬幅方向上取出1枚吸收軸爲90°的偏光板，如果是 收軸爲0°的偏光板則可以在寬幅方向上取得3枚。亦即 對於相關的尺寸或者更大的大型液晶顯示裝置適用本發 的話，可以在成本面取得利益。尤其是，即使是對角長 66吋（約1,676mm)以上之超大型液晶顯示裝置，也可 使表背面偏光板分別以一枚來構成。 於第一相位差板40的至少一方之面，爲了調整厚 方向之相位差値Rth，可以配置面內之相位差値R〇在〇 10nm的範圍，厚度方向之相位差値Rth在-100nm以上-以下或者l〇nm以上100nm以下之第二相位差板。 偏 內 偏 或 達 30 者 式 液 角 在 吸 明 度 以 度 -12- 10 200923502 圖3係顯示此型態之層構成之一例與軸角度之關係之 立體圖。於圖3，液晶胞10、第一偏光板20、第二偏光板 30以及第一·相位差板40與圖1相同，所以省略重複之說 明。在此例，於第一相位差板4 0之液晶胞1 0側，被層積 第二相位差板5 0。第二相位差板5 0，因爲其面內相位差 値R〇小至1 Onm以下，所以與第一相位差板40之軸角度 沒有必要特別規定。 又’薄膜面內之相位差値Ro以及薄膜厚度方向之相 位差値Rth，在先前定義之三軸方向的折射率爲nx，ny及 nz’而厚度爲d時，分別以下式（1)及（2)來定義。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a large-scale, even if the length of the long side of the screen is larger than the width of the manufacturing line of the polarizing plate. A liquid crystal display device in which a polarizing plate disposed on the front and back surfaces of the liquid crystal cell can be formed in one piece can be formed. [Prior Art] In recent years, the size of the liquid crystal display device has been rapidly increasing, and it is expected that the manufacturing equipment of the polarizing plate cannot catch up with the increase in size as the current situation continues to increase in size. In the call for cost reduction, the addition or new creation of manufacturing equipment is a medium- and long-term plan to some extent, so the industry is looking forward to the development of large-scale with existing equipment. In large display units, a so-called wide screen with a ratio of long side to short side of 16:9 is now used. The relationship between the diagonal length of the associated wide screen screen and the length of the long side and the short side of the screen is summarized in Table 1. 200923502 Table 1 Screen size and aspect length Diagonal length 26吋32吋42吋46吋52吋62吋66吋72吋102吋Long side 576 mm 708 mm 930 mm 1,018 mm 1,151 mm 1,373 mm 1,461 mm 1,594 mm 2,258 mm Short Side 324 mm 398 mm 523 mm 573 mm 648 mm 772 mm 822 mm 897 mm 1,270 mm Nowadays, in most large-sized liquid crystal display devices, the front and back polarizing plates of the liquid crystal cell are arranged so that the absorption axis is orthogonal. Specifically, the horizontal (long side) direction of the screen is 〇°, and the absorption axis of one of the polarizing plates is 0°, and the absorption axis of the other polarizing plate is 90°. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the angle on the screen means that when the screen is viewed substantially from the visual confirmation side, the right side in the long side direction is 〇°, and the counterclockwise direction is positive (+) to display the angle. . Next, in the production of the polarizing plate, the polyvinyl alcohol film of the raw material is longitudinally uniaxially stretched, and the absorption axis thereof becomes the flow direction (MD) of the roll film. Therefore, for example, when the width of the polarizing plate produced by the roll film is 1460 mm, the maximum size of the polarizing plate which can be obtained by the roll film is 2,596 mmxl on the polarizing plate having the absorption axis of 〇°. The polarizing plate of 460 mm and having an absorption axis of 90° is 1,460 mm x 821 mm. In other words, the polarizing plates on the front and back sides of the liquid crystal display device having a diagonal length of 66 Å (1461 mm X 8 22 mm) or more cannot be produced by one piece. Because of this, in order to obtain a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of -5 to 200923502 of a length of 90° and a length of more than 821 mm, it is necessary to increase the size of the polarizing plate production equipment, or at least one of the polarizing plates must be connected in plurality. When the width of the polarizing plate roll is 1,340 mm, the maximum size of the polarizing plate which can be obtained is further reduced. Here, for example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-93 82 (Patent Document 1) proposes a method of forming a large-sized liquid crystal display device by connecting a plurality of polarizing plates. In addition, when the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side is 16 to 9 and the diagonal length is 3 2 吋 (about 8 1 3 mm), the length of the long side and the short side is 70 8 mm x 3 9 8 mm - so wide The polarizing plate roller having a width of 1340 mm can take out only one polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 90° in the width direction of the roller, and the extraction efficiency is poor. On the other hand, in the case of a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 〇 °, a polarizing plate roll having a width of 1,340 mm can be cut in three in a wide direction. From the viewpoint of such film taking efficiency, it is cost-effective if the polarizing plate having the absorption axis of 0° can be disposed on the front and back surfaces of the liquid crystal cell. On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal cells of various modes are used, and various viewing angle compensation films are disposed in order to correct the viewing angle characteristics in accordance with the respective modes. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-1 371 166 (Patent Document 2) discloses that a cellulose acetate film having an acetylation of 2.5 to 2.8 is aligned to form a film. The longer the complex refraction Δη wavelength of the wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is, the larger the retardation plate is, and the larger the average refractive index is, the shorter the wavelength is. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-9420 (Patent Document 3) discloses that a rod-like compound is randomly homogenized on a substrate to be a negative C plate. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-1085 52 (Patent Document 4) also discloses that a positive C plate is disposed between a liquid crystal cell and a polarizer disposed on one side thereof. A layer comprising a Calamitic liquid crystal compound that is aligned to a homeotropic molecule is used. As disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, there is a problem in that the connection of a plurality of polarizing plates is caused by the occurrence of pupil bleeding in the joint portion, and it is technically extremely difficult to manufacture the light leakage completely. Further, in the case of environmental changes such as temperature or humidity, there is a concern that the light leakage situation is widened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polarizing plate having a single absorption axis of about 〇° on the front and back surfaces of the liquid crystal cell, and it is possible to exhibit the same orthogonality as in the case where the absorption axis is orthogonally arranged. In the state of the crossed Nichol, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which can be further enlarged, even if a polarizing plate produced by a current polarizing plate production facility is used. The inventors of the present invention found that the polarizing plates on the light incident side (backlight side) and the light exit side (visual confirmation side) are arranged such that the absorption axis is almost 〇°, and The sub-wavelength plate is arranged at a retardation axis angle of almost 45 or 135, and a crossed Nichol state can be realized, thus completing the present invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of cell substrates, and is disposed on a cell substrate by a -7-200923502 The outer first polarizing plate is disposed on the second polarizing plate outside the other cell substrate, and is disposed between the first polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell, and the in-plane phase difference 値R〇 is 200 nm or more and 400 nm. The first phase difference plate; the counterclockwise angle is represented by a positive 値 based on the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate, and the second polarizing plate is configured at an angle of 0° ± 10° within the absorption axis thereof. The angle of the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate to the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate is Θ, and the retardation axis of the first phase difference plate is (0 + 90.) / 2 ± 5. It is arranged within the angle of (0 +270°) /2 ±5°. In the liquid crystal display device described above, it is preferable that the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are disposed at an angle of ±10° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the screen. In addition, the angle Θ of the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate to the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate is preferably within 0°±5°, and more preferably within 〇±±°, especially 〇°, That is, the absorption axes of the two are essentially parallel. In this manner, the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the screen, and are suitable for a large liquid crystal display device having a diagonal length of 32 吋 (about 813 mm) or more. It is very beneficial. In particular, even in a very large liquid crystal display device having a diagonal length of 66 吋 (about 1,676 mm) or more, the front and back polarizing plates can be formed in a single piece. The first phase difference plate is preferably in the wavelength region of visible light, and has a wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the phase difference is larger as the wavelength is longer, and the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the film plane is nx. When the refractive index in the direction in which the film is orthogonal to the late phase axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction of the film is -8 - 200923502 nz, the relationship between nx > ny and nz is satisfied. Further, it is preferable that the first phase difference plate has a wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the phase difference is larger as the wavelength is longer, and the phase difference 値Rth of the film thickness direction is opposite to the phase difference 値R in the film plane. The ratio Rth/R〇 is preferably more than -〇_5 less than +0.5. More preferably, the phase difference ratio Rth/R〇 exceeds -0.1 and is less than +〇·1. In order to adjust the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction of the first retardation film, the phase difference 値Ro in the arrangement plane is in the range of 0 to 10 nm on the surface of at least one of the first retardation plates, and the phase difference in the thickness direction 値The second retardation plate having an Rth of -100 nm or more and 10 or less or 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less is also effective. Further, it is also effective to arrange a viewing angle compensation film for correcting the viewing angle characteristic corresponding to the liquid crystal display mode between the first retardation film and the liquid crystal cell or between the second polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell. In the present invention, when the absorption axes of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate are respectively in the 0° direction and the two are arranged substantially in parallel (6»=〇), the backlight is incident on one of the polarizing plates. In the linearly polarized light, the retardation axis is arranged at 45 or 135 by the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. The first retardation plate 'polarized state is rotated by 9 (Γ, when it reaches the light-emitting side polarizing plate, it becomes a crossed Nichol state. Here, as the first phase difference plate, if the in-plane phase is used The R 〇 〇 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光 可见光Phase difference plate, total -9- 200923502 The phase difference between the two is in all azimuth angles and all polar angles. The wavelength region of light appears as a wavelength dispersion characteristic of half wavelength, and the full-wavelength region of visible light realizes orthogonal Nico [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a basic layer configuration and a shaft angle of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention. In this figure, the layers are separated for easy understanding. The open view shows the perspective view of the relationship between the display layer and the axis angle, and the same representation is used. As shown in the figure, in the present invention, a board constituting the liquid crystal 10 is shown. The first polarizing plate 20 is disposed on the outer side of the first side, and the second polarizing plate 30 is disposed on the other side of the cell substrate. The liquid crystal cell 10 is configured to sandwich the liquid crystal 13 between the parallel counter-cell substrates 1 1, 1 2 . Then, a first phase difference plate 40 having an in-plane phase difference of 値200 nm or more and 400 nm or less is disposed between the polarizing plate 20 and the liquid crystal cell 10. The absorption axis 25 of the polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 are absorbed. Axis: The retardation axis 45 of the first phase difference plate 40 is made specific. Fig. 2 is the absorption axis 25 of the state polarizing plate 20 and the absorption of the second polarizing plate 30 as seen from the upper side (visual confirmation side) of the screen. A plan view of the relationship between the shaft and the slow phase axis 45 of the first phase difference plate 40. As shown, the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 are at an angle from the front retracting shaft 25 to the latter absorption axis 35. It becomes 0°±10° so that the cross-visibility can be related to the relationship, and the external one of all the cell bases 12 is at the first R, the first 55 and the first one of the first 35, so The figure in the suction of the figure is -10- 200923502. The angle here is positive (+) in the counterclockwise direction. In the respective polarizing plates, the direction orthogonal to the absorption axis in the plane becomes the transmission axis. Further, the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20 rises to the angle φ of the slow phase axis 45 of the first phase difference plate 40, The first phase difference plate 40 is disposed within (0+90°) /2±5° or within (0+2 7〇°) /2 ±5°. In the phase difference plate, in-plane and late phase The direction in which the axis is orthogonal is the phase-in-phase axis. Then, among the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30, the backlight is disposed on the outer side of one of the first polarizing plates 30. The absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate is absorbed by the second polarizing plate The angle 0 of the shaft 35 and the angle φ of the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate to the retardation axis 45 of the first phase difference plate are based on the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate, and the expressions of these angles are previously The exception is "when viewing the screen from the visual confirmation side, the right side of the long side is 〇 °". However, when the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate is disposed in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the screen, as described above, it is the same as that displayed when the right side in the longitudinal direction is 0°. As described above, the angle 0 between the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20 of the present invention and the absorption axis 35 of the second polarizing plate 30 is 0°±10°, and the light transmitted through one of the polarizing plates is made. The polarized state is rotated by 0 + 90° or θ - 90° by the first phase difference plate 40 to realize a crossed Nicol state. The absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20 and the absorption axis 35 of the second polarizing plate 30, as described above, the angle Θ between the two, based on the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20, to become 〇±1 The configuration of 〇° is very important, and the respective absorption axes 25 and 35 are ±10 based on the longitudinal direction of the screen. The inner angle is preferably configured. Next, the first phase difference plate 40 disposed between the first polarizing plate 20 and the liquid -11 - 200923502 cell 1 , is based on the slow axis of the absorption plate 25 of the first light plate 20 as a reference. It is arranged to be (0 + 90° ) /2 ± 5° or (0 + 270°) /2 ± 5° so that the polarized light transmitted through one of the light plates is almost rotated by 0+ when passing through the first phase difference plate 40. 90° 0 -90°, the polarizing plate of the other side is polarized in the crossed Nicol state to the polarizing plate of the other side. Next, the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20 and the absorption axis 35 of the second polarizing plate are within ±1〇, preferably within ±5°, and more preferably ±1°, based on the longitudinal direction of the screen. It is advantageous to use a large-scale crystal display device having a diagonal length of 32 吋 (about 813 mm) or more in a substantially parallel arrangement. As described above, when the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side is 16 to 9 and the length is 32 吋 (about 813 mm, the long side X is 708 mm x 398 mm), the width is 1, 3 4 0 mm. For the polarizing plate roller, only one polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 90° can be taken out in the width direction of the roller, and if it is a polarizing plate with a 0° closing axis, three pieces can be obtained in the wide direction. That is, if the present invention is applied to a large-sized liquid crystal display device of a related size or larger, it is possible to obtain benefits at a cost. In particular, even in a very large liquid crystal display device having a diagonal length of 66 吋 (about 1,676 mm) or more, the front and back polarizing plates can be formed one by one. In order to adjust the phase difference 値Rth in the thick direction on at least one surface of the first retardation film 40, the in-plane phase difference 値R 〇 can be set in the range of 〇10 nm, and the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is −100 nm or more. - a second retardation plate of the following or 100 nm or more and 100 nm or less. The internal liquid deviation or the liquid angle of 30 is in the degree of absorption -12 - 10 200923502 Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer structure of this type and the angle of the shaft. In Fig. 3, the liquid crystal cell 10, the first polarizing plate 20, the second polarizing plate 30, and the first retardation plate 40 are the same as those in Fig. 1, and therefore the overlapping description will be omitted. In this example, the second phase difference plate 50 is laminated on the liquid crystal cell 10 side of the first phase difference plate 40. Since the second phase difference plate 50 has an in-plane phase difference 値R 〇 as small as 1 Onm or less, the axial angle with the first phase difference plate 40 is not particularly limited. Further, the phase difference 値Ro in the film plane and the phase difference 値Rth in the film thickness direction are respectively expressed by the following formula (1) when the refractive index in the previously defined triaxial direction is nx, ny and nz' and the thickness is d; (2) to define.
Ro — (nx-ny)xd (1)Ro — (nx-ny)xd (1)
Rth= [(nx + ny)/ 2— nz]xd (2) 此外’相關於本發明之液晶顯示裝置，使第一偏光板 20與第二偏光板30兩者的吸收軸幾乎成爲平行的方式配 置’同時在第一偏光板20與液晶胞1〇之間將二分之一波 長板之第一相位差板40以特定的軸角度配置，可以實現 正交尼科爾狀態’但也可以具備供補正液晶胞丨〇之對應 於液晶的顯示模式之視角特性之視角補償膜。藉此，可以 達成視角寬廣的大型液晶顯示裝置。相關的視角補償膜， 可以配置於第一相位差板40與液晶胞1 〇之間，或者第二 偏光板3 0與液晶胞1 0之間。也可以在第一相位差板4 〇 與液晶胞1 0之間’或者第二偏光板3 0與液晶胞1 〇之間 -13- 200923502 雙方均配置視角補償膜。 圖4係顯示此型態之層構成之一例與軸角度 立體圖。於圖4，液晶胞1 0、第一偏光板20、第 3 〇以及第一相位差板40與圖1相同，此外在此 也被配置圖3所示之第二相位差板50之狀態， 重複之說明。在此例，於第一相位差板40之液| 與圖3相同設有第二相位差板5 0，進而於其液晶 有視角補償膜60。 以下，針對構成本發明的液晶顯示裝置之分 進行說明。 [液晶胞] 液晶胞1 〇，如先前所述，成爲在平行配置的 板1 1 ,1 2之間夾持液晶1 3之構造。於液晶胞 (Twisted Nematic:扭曲向歹丨J)模式、VA( Alignment 垂直配向）模式、IPS (In-plane Switi 電場）模式等，各種顯示形式，在本發明可以適 壓的開關，在使偏光旋轉90度的狀態與不使偏 狀態之間切換顯示/非顯示之各種方式的液晶胞。 [第一偏光板及第二偏光板] 第一偏光板20及第二偏光板30，係顯示分 射至薄膜面的偏光之中，具有與面內的某個方 軸）平行的振動向量之直線偏光，而透過具有在 之關係之 二偏光板 例，顯示 所以省略 ;胞1 〇側 胞側，設 別的構件 一對胞基 ，有 TN Vertical 'hing ：橫 用藉由電 光旋轉的 別吸收入 向（吸收 面內與其 -14 - 200923502 直交的方向（透過軸）平行的振動向量之直線偏光的性質 之薄膜。具體而言’可以使用於聚乙烯醇系樹脂，使吸附 配向由碘或二色性有機染料等所構成的二色性色素之習知 的偏光薄膜。 在追樣的聚乙嫌醇系樹脂薄膜吸附配向二色性色素的 偏光薄膜’通常在其單面或者雙面貼合由透明高分子所構 成的保護膜的狀態，作爲偏光板來使用。 [第一相位差板] 第一相位差板4 0，使用的目的係使透過一方的偏光板 而來的光的偏光狀態旋轉9 0度，到達另一方之偏光板時 實現正交尼科爾狀態。此第一相位差板4 0，係以正面之相 位差値R〇爲200nm以上400nm以下之二分之一波長板來 構成。接著其遲相軸4 5，對於第一偏光板的吸收軸2 5與 第二偏光板之吸收軸之夾角Θ，以第一偏光板2 0之吸收 軸25爲基準，係以（0+90°) /2±5°以內或者（0+270°) /2±5°以內之角度配置。 第一相位差板4 0，最好是以在可見光之波長區域，顯 示波長越短相位差越小，波長越長相位差越大的波長分散 特性者來構成。進而較佳者爲跨可見光之波長區域顯示成 爲二分之一波長之波長分散特性者。 第一相位差板40，可以先前定之面內的主折射率爲 nx及ny，而厚度方向的折射率爲nz滿足nx>ny#nz之 關係的單軸性薄膜來構成。 -15- 200923502 此外，爲了改善斜向的漏光或色變化，第一相位差板 40，以厚度方向之相位差値Rth在-5〇nm以上+ 50nm以下 者來構成亦爲有效。進而較佳者爲厚度方向之相位差値 Rth在-10nm以上+10nm以下。顯不這樣的性質的薄膜， 滿足nx>nz>ny之關係。 作爲第一相位差板40，可以使用由高分子薄膜所構成 的習知的各種二分之一波長板。此第一相位差板4 0，最好 是以顯示波長越短相位差越小，波長越長相位差越大的波 長分散特性之材料來構成，作爲相關的材料，例如前述專 利文獻2 (日本特開2 0 0 0 - 1 3 7 1 1 6號公報）所記載的，可 以舉出醋酸纖維素系樹脂所構成的薄膜。 [第二相位差板] 第二相位差板5 0，如前所述，面內之相位差値r 〇在 0〜10nm之範圍，厚度方向之相位差値Rth在-lOOnm以 上-1 Onm以下或者1 〇nm以上丨〇〇nm以下者，面內之折射 率nx及ny幾乎相同，厚度方向之折射率nz比面內的折 射率更大或者更小。顯示這樣的折射率構造之相位差板， 一般稱爲c板（c plate)，因應於其目標之相位差値，可 以選擇正C板或者負c板。 負c板係滿足nx与ny>nz之關係者，例如，前述專 利文獻3 (日本特開2〇07_942〇8號公報）所揭示的，可以 使用使棒狀化合物在隨機均相配向的狀態進行固定化而製 作之薄膜等。 -16- 200923502 正C板係滿足nx与ny<nz之關係者，例如，前述專 利文獻4 (日本特開2007-108552號公報）所揭示的，可 以使用包含使配向爲垂直配向（homeotropic)分子排列之 縱列液晶化合物之液晶性組成物的固化層或硬化層所製作 之薄膜等。 [相關於第一偏光板與第一相位差板之組合之其他型態] 如前所述，第一偏光板20可以藉由在聚乙烯醇系樹 脂薄膜吸附配向二色性色素之偏光薄膜的單面或者雙面被 層積保護薄膜而構成，此外，第一相位差板40，可以高分 子之複折射性薄膜來構成，但如前所述以在偏光薄膜之單 面層積保護膜者來構成第一偏光板20，於該偏光膜面貼合 第一相位差板40可以使全體的厚度縮小。此外，配置如 圖3所示的第二相位差板5 0的場合，以在偏光膜之單面 層積保護膜者構成第一偏光板20，於該偏光膜貼合第一相 位差板40，進而於該第一相位差板40上貼合第二相位差 板5 0也可以使全體的厚度縮小。 [視角補償膜] 如先前參照圖4所說明的，於本發明之液晶顯示裝 置，在第一相位差板4 0與液晶胞1 0之間，或者第二偏光 板3 〇與液晶胞1 0之間’可以配置供補正對應於液晶胞10 之液晶的顯示模式之視角特性之用的視角補償膜60。 例如，對TN模式之液晶胞’作爲視角補償膜60 ’可 -17- 200923502 以使用負C板與負A板之層積薄膜。此外，對VA模式之 液晶胞，作爲視角補償膜60，可以使用負C板與正A板 之層積薄膜。 例如，對IP S模式之液晶胞，作爲視角補償膜6 0，可 以使用正C板與負A板之層積薄膜。此外，可以將薄膜厚 度方向之折射率nz，比薄膜面內的主折射率之一方還要大 比另一方還要小，亦即，將滿足nx > nz > ny之關係的3 次元相位差板，作爲視角補償膜6 0使用。進而，亦可將 前述3次元相位差板與負C板之層積膜，作爲視角補償膜 60使用，進而，也可以將正C板與二軸性之負A板之層 積膜作爲視角補償膜60使用。 以下，顯示實施例進而具體說明本發明，但本發明並 不以這些例爲限。又，以下之例之透過率的計算係使用模 擬工具（Synt-tech (音譯）（股）所釋出軟體”LCD MASTER, Ver 6.151")來進行。 [實施例1-1] 於圖5之（A)顯示在此例中作爲對象之偏光板與相 位差板之配置以及軸角度的關係之立體圖。在此例，使第 一偏光板20與第二偏光板30分別的吸收軸25,3 5成爲（Γ 的方式配置，於其間，具有波長越短相位差越小，波長越 長相位差越大的逆波長分散特性，面內之相位差値Ro爲 295nm，厚度方向之相位差値Rth對Ro之比Rth/Ro爲 •0.04之相位差板，係以其遲相軸45成爲45°的方式配置 -18- 200923502 之構成。 針對此構成’計算由一方之偏光板的外側照光時之透 過率，改變光射出側的方位角與極角時之透過率的計算結 果顯示於圖5 ( B )。此處所爲方位角，係以畫面的右方 向爲〇°’以反時針方向爲正向旋轉之角度，在圖5之 (B ) ’於圓的外側由「0 · 0 °」起每9 0度被顯示。此外所 謂極角，係顯示由畫面法線方向起之傾斜角，在圖5之 (B )極角係以同心圓顯示，最外側的同心圓相當於極角 「8 0°」，以下隨著往內側去顯示的同心圓之極角逐次減 少2 0°角，於中心點極角爲（Γ亦即相當於法線方向。接 著，右上所標示的凡例，係透過率之灰階標示，黑的部分 (凡例之下側）的透過率爲0，白的部分（凡例之上側） 意味著透過率爲0.001。亦即，圖中之白色部分，意味著 透過率在〇·〇〇1以上。又，以下所出示的透過率的模擬結 果之圖，也以同樣的形式表示。 [實施例1-2] 於圖6 ( A )顯示在此例中作爲對象之偏光板與相位 差板之配置以及軸角度的關係之立體圖。在此例，作爲對 象之構成爲使第一偏光板20與第二偏光板3 0分別的吸收 軸25,3 5成爲0°的方式配置，於其間，具有波長越短相位 差越小，波長越長相位差越大的逆波長分散特性，面內之 相位差値R〇爲295nm，厚度方向之相位差値Rth爲0之 第一相位差板40以其遲相軸45成爲45°的方式配置，進 -19- 200923502 而在第一相位差板40與第二偏光板30之間，配置面內 相位差値R〇爲〇，厚度方向之相位差値Rth爲- l〇nm之 二相位差板之構成。針對此構成，計算由第一偏光板 的外側照光時之透過率，改變光射出側的方位角與極角 之透過率的計算結果顯示於圖6 ( B )。 [比較例1 ] 於圖7(A)顯示在此例中作爲對象之偏光板與相 差板之配置以及軸角度的關係之立體圖。在此例，以第 偏光板20之吸收軸配置爲90°，而第二偏光板30之吸 軸配置爲0°之從前的構成作爲對象。針對此構成，計算 一方之偏光板的外側照光時之透過率，改變光射出側的 位角與極角時之透過率的計算結果顯示於圖7(B)。 把實施例1 -1之結果之圖5 ( B )與實施例1 - 2之結 之圖6 ( B )，與比較例1之結果之圖7 ( B )對比可知 即使把2枚偏光板都配置爲吸收軸成爲（Γ的方式之實施 1-1與1-2，藉由在二者之間配置二分之一波長板成爲其 相軸爲4 5 °的方式，與將2枚偏光板以吸收軸直交的方 配置之比較例1同樣，都實現正交尼科爾狀態。由此 果’可知實施例1 -1與實施例1 -2即使偏光板的吸收軸 平行的，於全方位上，可得到與比較例1同樣的偏光 態。亦即，比較實施例1 -1與實施例1 -2之結果的話， 由在第一相位差板4 0的單面，配置面內之相位差値Ro 乎爲〇而厚度方向的相位差値Rth顯示特定値之第二相 之 第 20 時 位 收 由 方 果 例 遲 式 結 是 狀 藉 幾 位 -20- 200923502 差板，可以更爲接近比較例1所示之從前構成的結果。 [實施例2] 在此例，於V A模式之液晶面板，取代吸收軸爲9 0 ° 之偏光板而配置吸收軸爲0°之偏光板，針對於該偏光板之 液晶胞側配置第一相位差板的構成，進行模擬。於圖8 (A)顯示在此例中作爲對象之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸角度的關係之立體圖。亦即，在此例，於VA模式液晶 胞1 5之一方側，依序配置視角補償膜60/第二相位差板 50/第一相位差板40/第一偏光板20，於液晶胞15之另一 方之側依序配置視角補償膜6 1 /第二偏光板3 0。第一偏光 板20及第二偏光板30，使分別的吸收軸2 5,3 5配置爲 0 °。第一相位差板4 0，具有波長越短相位差越小，波長越 長相位差越大之逆波長分散特性，面內之相位差値Ro爲 295nm，而厚度方向之相位差値Rth爲0，以其遲相軸45 成爲4 5 °的方式配置。配置於第一相位差板4 0之液晶胞側 的第二相位差板5 0，面內的相位差値R〇爲〇，厚度方向 之相位差値Rth爲-l〇nm。視角補償膜60,61分別以面內 之相位差値R〇爲5 5nm、厚度方向之相位差値Rth爲120 nm、平均折射率爲1 · 5 3之二軸性正A板構成。 針對此構成，計算在不施加電壓的狀態（黑顯示）’ 由第一偏光板20的外側照光時之透過率’改變光射出側 的方位角與極角時之透過率的計算結果顯示於圖8 (B )。 -21 - 200923502 [比較例2 ] 在此例’於圖8(A)所示之構成’第一偏光板20之 吸收軸變更爲90度，省略第一相位差板40與第二相位差 板5 0，其他與圖8(A)(實施例2 )爲相同的構成。在 此例作爲對象之液晶顯示裝置的層構成以及軸角度之關 係，係如圖9 ( A )之立體圖所示，此構成與現在販賣的 V A模式之液晶面板基本上是相同的。 針對此構成，計算在不施加電壓的狀態（黑顯示）’ 由第一偏光板20的外側照光時之透過率’改變光射出側 的方位角與極角時之透過率的計算結果顯示於圖9 (B )。實施例2之構成，與比較例2之構成相比，可知 其顯示相濃程度的光學特性。 [實施例3 ] 在此例，於IPS模式之液晶面板，取代吸收軸爲90° 之偏光板而配置吸收軸爲0°之偏光板，針對於該偏光板之 液晶胞側配置第一相位差板的構成，進行模擬。於圖1〇 (A )顯示在此例中作爲對象之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸角度的關係之立體圖。亦即，在此例，於IPS模式液晶 胞1 6之一方側，依序配置視角補償膜60/第二相位差板 50/第一相位差板40/第一偏光板20，於液晶胞16之另一 方之側配置第二偏光板30。第一偏光板20及第二偏光板 3〇，使分別的吸收軸25,3 5配置爲。第一相位差板40， -22- 200923502 具有波長越短相位差越小，波長越長相位差越大之逆波長 分散特性，面內之相位差値R〇爲295nm，而厚度方向之 相位差値Rth爲0 ’以其遲相軸45成爲45°的方式配置。 此外，配置於第一相位差板4 0之液晶胞側的第二相位差 板50，面內的相位差値Ro爲〇，厚度方向之相位差値 R t h爲-1 0 n m。進而，配置於第二相位差板5 0之液晶胞側 的視角補償膜6 0，係以面內的相位差値R〇爲1 8 7 · 2，厚 度方向之相位差値Rth爲-3 6nm ’平均折射率爲1 .59之薄 膜所構成。 針對此構成，計算在不施加電壓的狀態（黑顯示）， 由第一偏光板2 0的外側照光時之透過率，改變光射出側 的方位角與極角時之透過率的計算結果顯示於圖10 (B )。 [比較例3] 在此例，於圖1 〇 ( A )所示之構成，第一偏光板20 之吸收軸變更爲90度，省略第一相位差板40與第二相位 差板50,其他與圖1〇(Α)(實施例3)爲相同的構成。 在此例作爲對象之液晶顯示裝置的層構成以及軸角度之關 係，係如圖1 1 ( A)之立體圖所示’此構成與現在販賣的 IPS模式之液晶面板基本上是相同的。 針對此構成，計算在不施加電壓的狀態（黑顯示）’ 由第一偏光板20的外側照光時之透過率，改變光射出側 的方位角與極角時之透過率的計算結果顯不於圖11 -23- 200923502 (B )。實施例3之構成，與比較例3之構成相比，可知 其顯示相濃程度的光學特性。 實施例與實施例3之結果，顯示本發明之構成，與液 晶之顯示模式無關，對於各種顯示模式都可以適用。 [產業上利用可能性] 根據本發明的話，藉由將一枚所構成，吸收軸幾乎爲 〇°方向之偏光板配置於液晶胞的表背面，可以由現行的偏 光板生產設備所生產的偏光板，來形成更大型的液晶顯示 裝置。具體而言，相對於使用吸收軸爲0°與90°之偏光板 的從前方式，偏光板生產線的寬幅爲1,4 6 0 m m的場合，可 以製作對角長度最大6 5吋（約1，6 5 1 m m )爲止的液晶顯 示裝置，根據本發明的話，可以製造最大1 17吋（約 2,972mm)之液晶顯示裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係相關於本發明之液晶顯示裝置之基本的層構成 與軸角度之關係之立體圖。 圖2係由畫面上側（視覺確認側）所見的狀態之第一 偏光板的吸收軸、第二偏光板的吸收軸、以及第一相位差 板之遲相軸的關係之平面圖。 圖3係顯示配置第二相位差板的型態之層構成之一例 與軸角度之關係之立體圖。 圖4係顯示同時配置第二相位差板與視角補償膜的型 -24- 200923502 態之層構成之一例與軸角度之關係之立體圖。 圖5之（A)係顯示實施例1-1之層構成與軸角度之 關係之立體圖，（B )係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖6之（A)係顯示實施例1-1之層構成與軸角度之 關係之立體圖，（B)係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖7之（A)係顯示比較例1之層構成與軸角度之關 係之立體圖，（B )係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖8之（A)係顯示實施例2之層構成與軸角度之關 係之立體圖，（B )係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖9之（A)係顯示比較例2之層構成與軸角度之關 係之立體圖，（B )係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖10之（A)係顯示實施例3之層構成與軸角度之關 係之立體圖，（B)係針對其構成之模擬結果。 圖11之（A)係顯示比較例3之層構成與軸角度之關 係之立體圖，（B)係針對其構成之模擬結果。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 0 :液晶胞（c e 11 ) 1 1，12 :胞基板 1 3 :液晶 1 5 : V A模式液晶胞（c e 11 ) 1 6 : IPS模式液晶胞（cell ) 20 :第一偏光板 2 5 :第一偏光板之吸收軸 -25- 200923502 3 0 :第二偏光板 3 5 :第二偏光板之吸收軸 4 0 :第一相位差板 45 :第一相位差板之遲相軸 5 0 :第二相位差板 60,61 :視角補償膜 -26-Rth = [(nx + ny) / 2 - nz] xd (2) Further, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the absorption axes of both the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 are almost parallel. In the configuration, the first phase difference plate 40 of the one-half wave plate is disposed at a specific axial angle between the first polarizing plate 20 and the liquid crystal cell 1 , and the crossed Nicols state can be realized. A viewing angle compensation film for correcting the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display mode of the liquid crystal cell. Thereby, a large-sized liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle can be achieved. The related viewing angle compensation film may be disposed between the first phase difference plate 40 and the liquid crystal cell 1 , or between the second polarizing plate 30 and the liquid crystal cell 10 . A viewing angle compensation film may be disposed between the first phase difference plate 4 〇 and the liquid crystal cell 110 or between the second polarizing plate 30 and the liquid crystal cell 1 -13 - 200923502. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the layer constitution of this type and an axial angle. In FIG. 4, the liquid crystal cell 10, the first polarizing plate 20, the third electrode, and the first phase difference plate 40 are the same as those of FIG. 1, and the state of the second phase difference plate 50 shown in FIG. 3 is also disposed here. Repeat the instructions. In this example, the liquid phase of the first phase difference plate 40 is provided with the second phase difference plate 50 as in Fig. 3, and the liquid crystal has the viewing angle compensation film 60. Hereinafter, the points constituting the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described. [Liquid Cell] The liquid crystal cell 1 has a structure in which the liquid crystal 13 is sandwiched between the plates 1 1 and 1 2 arranged in parallel as described above. In the liquid crystal cell (Twisted Nematic) mode, VA (Alignment Vertical Alignment) mode, IPS (In-plane Switi electric field) mode, etc., various display forms can be used in the present invention. A liquid crystal cell of various modes of switching between 90 degrees and non-biased display/non-display. [First Polarizing Plate and Second Polarizing Plate] The first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 display a vibration vector which is split into the polarized light of the film surface and has a parallel to a certain square axis in the plane. Straight line polarized light, and through the two polarizing plates with the relationship, the display is omitted; the cell 1 side side, the other part of the cell base, TN Vertical 'hing: horizontal absorption by electro-optic rotation The film that enters the direction of the linear polarization of the vibration vector parallel to the direction (transmission axis) of the intersection of the −14 - 200923502 in the absorption plane. Specifically, it can be used in a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin to make the adsorption alignment by iodine or two. A polarizing film of a dichroic dye composed of a color organic dye or the like. A polarizing film that adsorbs a dichroic dye in a polyethylene-based resin film that is sampled is usually laminated on one side or both sides. The state of the protective film made of a transparent polymer is used as a polarizing plate. [First phase difference plate] The first phase difference plate 40 is used for the polarization state of light transmitted through one of the polarizing plates. Spin When the temperature is changed to 90 degrees, the crossed Nicols state is realized when reaching the polarizing plate of the other side. The first phase difference plate 40 is a half-wavelength plate having a front phase difference 値R〇 of 200 nm or more and 400 nm or less. Then, the retardation axis 4 5 is used for the angle Θ between the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate, based on the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20, 0+90°) /2±5° or (0+270°) /2±5° angle. The first phase difference plate 40 is preferably in the wavelength range of visible light, the shorter the display wavelength The smaller the phase difference is, the longer the wavelength is, and the longer the phase difference is, the better the wavelength dispersion characteristic is. The wavelength dispersion characteristic which is one-half wavelength is displayed in the wavelength region of visible light. The first phase difference plate 40, It is possible to form a uniaxial film having a principal refractive index of nx and ny in the plane and a refractive index of nz satisfying the relationship of nx >ny#nz. -15- 200923502 In addition, in order to improve the oblique light leakage Or the color change, the first phase difference plate 40, the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is -5 〇 nm It is also effective to have a structure of +50 nm or less. Further, the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is preferably -10 nm or more and +10 nm or less. A film having such a property satisfies the relationship of nx > nz > ny. As the phase difference plate 40, a conventional one-half-wavelength plate composed of a polymer film can be used. The first phase difference plate 40 is preferably such that the shorter the display wavelength is, the smaller the phase difference is, and the higher the wavelength is. A material having a wavelength dispersion characteristic having a large phase difference is formed, and a related material is described in, for example, the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 (JP-A-2000-137) A film composed of a cellulose resin. [Second retardation plate] The second phase difference plate 50, as described above, has an in-plane phase difference 値r 〇 in the range of 0 to 10 nm, and a phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is -100 nm or more and -1 Onm or less. Or, in the case of 1 〇 nm or more and 丨〇〇 nm or less, the in-plane refractive index nx and ny are almost the same, and the refractive index nz in the thickness direction is larger or smaller than the in-plane refractive index. A phase difference plate having such a refractive index structure is generally referred to as a c plate, and a positive C plate or a negative c plate can be selected depending on the target phase difference 値. The negative c-plate system satisfies the relationship between nx and ny > nz. For example, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3 (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. A film produced by immobilization. -16-200923502 The positive C plate system satisfies the relationship between nx and ny<nz. For example, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 4 (JP-A-2007-108552), it is possible to use a homeotropic molecule including alignment. A film formed by curing a layer or a cured layer of a liquid crystal composition of a liquid crystal compound of a tandem column. [Other types relating to the combination of the first polarizing plate and the first phase difference plate] As described above, the first polarizing plate 20 can be obtained by adsorbing a polarizing film of a dichroic dye on a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. The protective film is laminated on one side or both sides, and the first retardation film 40 may be formed of a polymer birefringent film. However, as described above, a protective film is laminated on one side of the polarizing film. The first polarizing plate 20 is configured, and the first retardation film 40 is bonded to the surface of the polarizing film to reduce the overall thickness. Further, when the second phase difference plate 50 shown in FIG. 3 is disposed, the first polarizing plate 20 is formed by laminating a protective film on one side of the polarizing film, and the first phase difference plate 40 is bonded to the polarizing film. Further, even if the second phase difference plate 50 is bonded to the first phase difference plate 40, the entire thickness can be reduced. [Viewing Angle Compensation Film] As previously described with reference to FIG. 4, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, between the first phase difference plate 40 and the liquid crystal cell 10, or the second polarizing plate 3 and the liquid crystal cell 10 The viewing angle compensation film 60 for correcting the viewing angle characteristics of the display mode of the liquid crystal corresponding to the liquid crystal cell 10 can be disposed between. For example, the liquid crystal cell of the TN mode can be used as the viewing angle compensation film 60' -17-200923502 to use a laminated film of a negative C plate and a negative A plate. Further, as the liquid crystal cell of the VA mode, as the viewing angle compensation film 60, a laminated film of a negative C plate and a positive A plate can be used. For example, as the liquid crystal cell of the IP S mode, as the viewing angle compensation film 60, a laminated film of a positive C plate and a negative A plate can be used. Further, the refractive index nz in the thickness direction of the film may be larger than one of the main refractive indices in the film plane, which is smaller than the other, that is, a 3-dimensional phase satisfying the relationship of nx > nz > ny The difference plate is used as the viewing angle compensation film 60. Further, a laminated film of the above-described three-dimensional phase difference plate and negative C plate may be used as the viewing angle compensation film 60, and a laminated film of a positive C plate and a biaxial negative A plate may be used as a viewing angle compensation. The film 60 is used. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, the calculation of the transmittance of the following example was carried out using a simulation tool (Synt-tech (release) software "LCD MASTER, Ver 6.151"). [Example 1-1] Figure 5 (A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the arrangement of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate as a target and the axial angle in this example. In this example, the absorption axis 25 of the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30, respectively, 3 5 is a configuration of Γ, in which the shorter the wavelength is, the smaller the phase difference is, and the longer the wavelength is, the larger the phase difference is, and the phase difference 値Ro is 295 nm, and the phase difference in the thickness direction 値The phase difference plate of Rth to Ro ratio Rth/Ro is 0.04, and the configuration is -18-200923502 in which the retardation axis 45 is 45°. For this configuration, when calculating the outside illumination of one of the polarizing plates The transmittance, the calculation result of changing the transmittance at the azimuth and polar angle of the light exit side is shown in Fig. 5 (B). Here, the azimuth angle is 〇°' in the right direction of the screen in the counterclockwise direction. The angle of forward rotation is (0) in Figure 5 ("B" is outside the circle by "0 · 0 °" is displayed every 90 degrees. In addition, the polar angle is the tilt angle from the normal direction of the screen. The polar angle is shown in concentric circles in (B), and the outermost concentric circles are equivalent. At the polar angle "80°", the polar angle of the concentric circle displayed on the inner side is successively reduced by 20°, and the polar angle at the center point is (Γ is equivalent to the normal direction. Then, the upper right is marked For example, the gray scale of the transmittance indicates that the transmittance of the black part (the lower side of the case) is 0, and the white part (the upper side of the case) means the transmittance is 0.001. That is, the white part of the figure, This means that the transmittance is 〇·〇〇1 or more. Further, the graph of the simulation result of the transmittance shown below is also expressed in the same form. [Embodiment 1-2] This example is shown in Fig. 6 (A). A perspective view showing the relationship between the arrangement of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate and the axial angle of the object. In this example, the absorption axis 25, 3 5 of the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 are respectively configured. It is configured to be 0°, in which the shorter the wavelength, the smaller the phase difference, and the longer the wavelength The reverse phase dispersion characteristic in which the long phase difference is large, the phase difference 値R 〇 in the in-plane is 295 nm, and the first phase difference plate 40 in which the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is 0 is arranged such that the retardation axis 45 becomes 45°. , -19-200923502, and between the first phase difference plate 40 and the second polarizing plate 30, the in-plane phase difference 値R〇 is 〇, and the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is two phase differences of −1〇nm With respect to this configuration, the calculation result of calculating the transmittance at the time of illuminating the outside of the first polarizing plate and changing the transmittance of the azimuth and the polar angle on the light emitting side is shown in Fig. 6(B). [Comparative Example 1] Fig. 7(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the arrangement of the polarizing plate and the phase difference plate and the axial angle as the object in this example. In this example, the configuration in which the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 20 is 90° and the axis of the second polarizing plate 30 is 0° is the object. With respect to this configuration, the calculation result of calculating the transmittance at the time of the outside illumination of one of the polarizing plates and changing the transmittance at the position and the polar angle on the light-emitting side is shown in Fig. 7(B). Comparing Fig. 5 (B) of the results of Example 1-1 with Figure 6 (B) of the junction of Example 1-2, and Figure 7 (B) of the result of Comparative Example 1, it is understood that even two polarizing plates are The configuration is such that the absorption axis becomes (Γ, the implementation of 1-1 and 1-2, by arranging the half-wavelength plate between the two to become the phase axis of 45 °, and the two polarizing plates In the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 in which the absorption axis is orthogonal, the crossed Nicols state is realized. Thus, it can be seen that the embodiment 1-1 and the embodiment 1-2 are in parallel even if the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is parallel. In the above, the same polarization state as in Comparative Example 1 was obtained. That is, when the results of Comparative Example 1-1 and Example 1-2 were compared, the phase in the plane was arranged on one side of the first phase difference plate 40. The difference R is the 相位 and the phase difference in the thickness direction 値Rth shows the 20th time of the second phase of the specific 値. The result is a delay of a few -20-200923502, which can be closer. The result of the former configuration shown in Comparative Example 1. [Example 2] In this example, in the VA mode liquid crystal panel, the polarizing light having an absorption axis of 90 ° was replaced. A polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 0° is disposed, and a configuration of the first phase difference plate is disposed on the liquid crystal cell side of the polarizing plate, and simulation is performed. The liquid crystal display device as the object in this example is shown in FIG. 8(A). A perspective view of the relationship between the layer configuration and the axial angle. That is, in this example, the viewing angle compensation film 60 / the second phase difference plate 50 / the first phase difference plate 40 / are sequentially disposed on one side of the VA mode liquid crystal cell 15 The first polarizing plate 20 sequentially arranges the viewing angle compensation film 6 1 / the second polarizing plate 30 on the other side of the liquid crystal cell 15. The first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 30 respectively make the absorption axis 25 3 5 is configured to be 0°. The first phase difference plate 40 has a reverse wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the phase difference 越大Ro is 295 nm, and the thickness is larger in the phase. The phase difference 値Rth of the direction is 0, and the retardation axis 45 is disposed at 45°. The second phase difference plate 50 disposed on the liquid crystal cell side of the first phase difference plate 40 has a phase difference in the plane.値R〇 is 〇, the phase difference 値Rth in the thickness direction is -10〇nm. The viewing angle compensation films 60, 61 are respectively in-plane phase値R〇 is composed of a biaxial positive A plate with a phase difference 値Rth of 15 nm in the thickness direction of 120 nm and an average refractive index of 1 · 5 3 . For this configuration, a state in which no voltage is applied (black display) is calculated. The calculation result of the transmittance when changing the azimuth and the polar angle of the light exiting side by the transmittance at the time of the illumination of the outside of the first polarizing plate 20 is shown in Fig. 8(B). -21 - 200923502 [Comparative Example 2] In this example, the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 20 is changed to 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 8(A), and the first phase difference plate 40 and the second phase difference plate 50 are omitted, and the other is as shown in FIG. 8(A). (Example 2) The same configuration. The relationship between the layer configuration and the shaft angle of the liquid crystal display device as the object in this example is as shown in the perspective view of Fig. 9 (A), and this configuration is basically the same as that of the V A mode liquid crystal panel which is now sold. With respect to this configuration, the calculation result of the transmittance in the case where the voltage is not applied (black display) 'the transmittance when the light is emitted from the outside of the first polarizing plate 20' and the azimuth and the polar angle of the light emitting side are changed is shown in the figure. 9 (B). The configuration of the second embodiment is compared with the configuration of the comparative example 2, and it is understood that the optical characteristics of the phase richness are exhibited. [Embodiment 3] In this example, a liquid crystal panel of the IPS mode is provided with a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 0° instead of a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 90°, and a first phase difference is disposed for the liquid crystal cell side of the polarizing plate. The composition of the board is simulated. Fig. 1A(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration and the axial angle of the liquid crystal display device as the object in this example. That is, in this example, the viewing angle compensation film 60 / the second phase difference plate 50 / the first phase difference plate 40 / the first polarizing plate 20 are sequentially disposed on one side of the IPS mode liquid crystal cell 16 in the liquid crystal cell 16 The second polarizing plate 30 is disposed on the other side. The first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 3 are arranged such that the respective absorption axes 25, 35 are arranged. The first phase difference plate 40, -22-200923502 has a reversed wavelength dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the phase difference 値R 〇 is 295 nm, and the phase difference in the thickness direction is larger.値Rth is 0', and the slow axis 45 is 45°. Further, in the second phase difference plate 50 disposed on the liquid crystal cell side of the first phase difference plate 40, the in-plane phase difference 値Ro is 〇, and the thickness direction phase difference 値 R t h is -1 0 n m. Further, the viewing angle compensation film 60 disposed on the liquid crystal cell side of the second phase difference plate 50 has an in-plane phase difference 値R 〇 of 1 8 7 · 2 and a thickness direction phase difference 値Rth of -3 6 nm. A film having an average refractive index of 1.59. With this configuration, the calculation result of the transmittance when the light is emitted from the outside of the first polarizing plate 20 and the transmittance at the azimuth and the polar angle of the light emitting side is calculated in a state where no voltage is applied (black display). Figure 10 (B). [Comparative Example 3] In this example, in the configuration shown in Fig. 1 (A), the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 20 is changed to 90 degrees, and the first phase difference plate 40 and the second phase difference plate 50 are omitted. The configuration is the same as that of Fig. 1 (Α) (Example 3). The relationship between the layer configuration and the shaft angle of the liquid crystal display device as the object in this example is as shown in the perspective view of Fig. 11 (A). This configuration is basically the same as that of the currently sold IPS mode liquid crystal panel. With this configuration, the transmittance in the case where no voltage is applied (black display) 'lighting from the outside of the first polarizing plate 20 is calculated, and the calculation result of the transmittance when changing the azimuth and polar angle of the light emitting side is not satisfactory. Figure 11 -23- 200923502 (B). The configuration of the third embodiment is compared with the configuration of the comparative example 3, and it is understood that the optical characteristics of the phase richness are exhibited. The results of the examples and the results of the third embodiment show that the configuration of the present invention can be applied to various display modes regardless of the display mode of the liquid crystal. [Industrial Applicability] According to the present invention, a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of almost 〇° is disposed on the front and back surfaces of the liquid crystal cell, and polarized light produced by the current polarizing plate production apparatus can be used. The board is used to form a larger liquid crystal display device. Specifically, with respect to the former method using a polarizing plate having an absorption axis of 0° and 90°, when the width of the polarizing plate production line is 1,460 mm, a diagonal length of up to 65 吋 (about 1) can be produced. According to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device of up to 1 17 Å (about 2,972 mm) can be manufactured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the basic layer configuration and the axial angle of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the relationship between the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate, the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate, and the slow phase axis of the first phase difference plate in a state seen on the upper side (visual confirmation side) of the screen. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a relationship between an example of a layer configuration of a configuration in which a second phase difference plate is disposed and a shaft angle. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a relationship between an example of a layer configuration of a type -24 - 200923502 state in which a second phase difference plate and a viewing angle compensation film are simultaneously disposed, and an axis angle. Fig. 5(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of the embodiment 1-1 and the shaft angle, and Fig. 5(B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. Fig. 6(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of the embodiment 1-1 and the shaft angle, and Fig. 6(B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. Fig. 7(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of Comparative Example 1 and the axial angle, and (B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. Fig. 8(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of the embodiment 2 and the axial angle, and (B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. Fig. 9(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of Comparative Example 2 and the axial angle, and (B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. Fig. 10(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer constitution of the embodiment 3 and the shaft angle, and (B) is a simulation result for the constitution thereof. Fig. 11(A) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the layer configuration of Comparative Example 3 and the axial angle, and (B) is a simulation result for the configuration thereof. [Main component symbol description] 1 0 : Liquid crystal cell (ce 11 ) 1 1,12 : Cell substrate 1 3 : Liquid crystal 1 5 : VA mode liquid crystal cell (ce 11 ) 1 6 : IPS mode liquid crystal cell (cell) 20 : a polarizing plate 2 5 : absorption axis of the first polarizing plate - 25 - 200923502 3 0 : second polarizing plate 3 5 : absorption axis of the second polarizing plate 4 0 : first phase difference plate 45 : first phase difference plate Delay phase axis 5 0 : second phase difference plate 60, 61 : viewing angle compensation film -26-