TW200417599A - Novel low-flammability foams in which ammonium sulphate and other flame retardants are used - Google Patents
Novel low-flammability foams in which ammonium sulphate and other flame retardants are used Download PDFInfo
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- TW200417599A TW200417599A TW92132716A TW92132716A TW200417599A TW 200417599 A TW200417599 A TW 200417599A TW 92132716 A TW92132716 A TW 92132716A TW 92132716 A TW92132716 A TW 92132716A TW 200417599 A TW200417599 A TW 200417599A
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- ammonium sulfate
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N famotidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NC1=NC(CSCCC(N)=NS(N)(=O)=O)=CS1 XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical class [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920007790 polymethacrylimide foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0028—Use of organic additives containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3054—Ammonium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
200417599 玖、發明說明: 發明所屬之技術領域 降低可燃性之泡沬用組成物。 先前技術 本發明關係具有改良可燃性功能之泡沫組成物,在於聚 醚醯亞胺(P E I)、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(s a N )、聚氯乙烯 (P V C )、P V C和聚氨基甲酸乙酯(p u )之摻合物或酚樹脂。各 種方法可以用上述材料產生泡沫,例如用吹泡劑配入於聚 口物材料’加熱]^尔合物给體’配入空心球(稱爲「複合泡 C2 沫」(Syntactic foam))或合倂此等方法。此等泡沫之可燃性 功能以配入極爲微細之硏磨硫酸銨(A M S U)而有決定性之 改良。 泡沫長久以來爲已知,且因其具有低的重量,或因連帶 節省材料’又因其有優異之隔熱和隔音性質,提供機械減 振功能,並有特別電性,因而被廣泛使用。例如,各種泡 沫見於包裝物、傢倶和床墊、各式隔音材和隔熱材,在水 上運動中的浮件,在各項工業中作爲濾材和支持物,在夾 · 層材料、積層物、複合物或泡沫複合物中作爲結構元件。 在許多用途內,尤其飛機和船隻之構造,泡沬應具有適當 之防火性’爲立法和若干其他規則所要求。廣泛多樣的防 火試驗被用於驗證泡沫合於防火要求。通常此等試驗指向 泡沬或含有泡沫之複合物之用途。泡沬一般應備有「阻燃 劑」’使通過防火試驗。利用含氯或含溴化合物作爲阻燃 劑省爲已知,常被用於與氧化銻結合。然而,因爲鹵化烴 -6· 200417599 難以從聚合物除去,並且在廢棄物焚化廠內可能產生戴奧 辛。再者,在火災事件中產生有毒和腐蝕性氣體如H C 1和 HBr ’不利於以此方法減低易燃性之塑膠和泡沬。歐洲專利 3 4 7497更表明低分子量之含幽素和含磷阻燃劑僅只在實驗室 量級之防火試驗中測試基於異氰酸酯之泡沫,並非在相當 於火災事件中所發生之狀況。以上所述缺失導致一般應避 免之目標爲儘可能不用氯化和溴化物質作爲塑膠中之添加 劑。含磷化合物爲一類用於泡沫作爲添加劑之防燃物質。 其特別之缺點’亦如含鹵素阻燃劑之情形,在火災中所產 生煙霧密度非常高。煙霧之毒性,與其所造成對能見度之 妨礙,在火場週遭對人身產生危害,尤其在密閉之空間, 使救援作業更爲困難。此外,低分子量化合物,其中有許 多含鹵和含磷阻燃劑被用作若干塑膠之助塑劑。此種非所 期望之所爲損及機械性質,因而限制阻燃劑在材料中之可 能比例。與用量一倂考慮,可達成之阻燃性因而受限。使 用低分子量化合物,尙因此等化合物日久將從材料散出而 有危害。首要結果爲造成材料之不良易燃性,其次則爲阻 燃劑可能非所期望而散入環境。 目的 鑑於先前技術及在此之所討論,本發明之目的在於提供 產生聚合物泡沬,使有降低之可燃性,低度釋出煙(例如FAR 2 5.8 5 3 (c)和 ASTM 2.0007),和低度放熱(例如 FAR 2 5.8 5 3 (c)) 。另一用意爲使泡沬不含任何有毒及/或有不良氣味之分解 生成物,其如因使用若干磷化物作阻燃劑而生之情形者。 200417599 因爲上述原因,本發明之目的在提供泡沫組成物,改良其 易燃性性質而不用鹵化之阻燃劑。本發明亦基於此目的而 提供極低成本之易燃性以用於上述泡沫。因此本發明之一 項目的爲加於材料之阻燃劑,其所具危害健康之程度極低 ’且阻燃劑對已被加入之泡沫之加工應無負面效應。 目的之達成 上述目的可以達成於以非常微細分散之固體硫酸銨(amSU) 改善泡沬之阻燃性質之方法。使用A M S U作爲在異氰酸酯 基泡沬中之阻燃劑者,爲在德國專利2 5 4 2 0 4 8內以實施例 所已說明。其所述泡沬是以極微細而經硏磨之AM SU使有 自減效果。例如,含有1 9重量% A M S U之泡沬在離開本生 燈火焰後經短時間後即停止燃燒。用少如20.9重量%之AMSU ’在從火焰移出後泡沬立即停止燃燒。歐洲專利3 47497亦 說明阻燃劑,以聚氨基甲酸乙酯爲基礎之泡沬,從其所示 實施例,明白可見使用A M S U作阻燃劑之優點。A M S U在 整個材料中之比例,從1 5提高至39重量%,依ASTM D-28 6 3 之LOI(限氧指數)由24增加至30。含AMSU之聚氨基甲酸 乙酯泡沬之其他實例見於美國專利3 7 3 7 4 0 0。其所討論之 硬質泡沫試件之燃燒長度和燃燒時間,在配入1 5 . 5重量% 或更多之AMSU後,均降至爲〇。 在德國專利申請案第:[〇 2 4 1 8 5 5 . 1號中說明以A M S U作爲 用於Ρ ΜI泡沬之阻燃劑。由7 5重量份A M S U作爲阻燃劑 所組成之Ρ Μ I泡沫,相對於約有1 1 〇重量份之其他材料者 ,具有8 2公斤/米3之包封密度(ε η ν e 1 〇 p e d e n s i t y ),所產
I 200417599 生 HR = 71.0kW.分 /米 2,分別對於 FAR 2 5.8 5 3 (c: 率HRR = 64.2仟瓦/米2。對於FAR 2 5.8 5 3 (c)之煙 驗亦已通過。反之,無AM SU阻燃劑之泡沫,以 之包封密度,實質上釋出更多之熱;H R = 1 0 2.0仟 ,而H R R = 1 0 6.0仟瓦/米2,煙霧之產生亦比較不 使用A M S U有如1、優於其他阻燃劑之處··其爲 非爲不溶固體,可用低成本配入於各材料。因其 性’在處置或加工當中對人體完全無害。由於相 對已加入A M S U之泡沬之加工無另增之危害,例 造成者。大量之A M S U被用作肥料。少量a M S U 因而不具运境災害。使用加入AMSU之泡沬不會 材料廢棄處理問題,亦即用過的材料可循普通所 法棄去。A M S U是一種無機固體,不溶於塑膠基 溶性阻燃劑比較,其所產生另外之主要優點是不 塑劑。若將A M S U用於Ρ V C內,另項優點顯現於 ,PVC所形成之有毒氯化氫被aMsU所釋出之氨 硫酸銨在火災中亦無毒性。尤其是煙霧密度變爲 雖然AMSU作爲阻燃劑有量大優點,但迄今所 獻尙未記述任何Ρ V C、Ρ V C與ρ υ慘合物、p E j、 泡沫’其防火功能是以A M S U、或結合a M S U與 劑而卞改善。對上述所有泡沬,Α μ S U之配用, 極佳阻燃性之機會。硫酸銨之作用與多磷酸銨相 基於結晶化合物之崩解,產生氨和硫酸於高溫釋 酸有熱解作’而釋出之氨氣稀釋可燃氣體,因而 )之熱釋出 霧密度試 可相比較 瓦·分/米: 良。 低廉而且 完全無毒 同原因, 如粉塵所 進入環境 增加用過 用處理方 質。與可 會成爲助 火災之中 所拘束。 特別低。 揭露之文 SAN等之 其他阻燃 提供達成 似,其爲 出之。硫 有滅火作 -9- 200417599 用。此種作用之詳情見於日本專利0 8 3 2 5 5 7 4之說明書,其 中記述各種阻燃劑之結合,特別包括硫酸銨,其所述組成 物適合用於燒鑄樹脂。其他阻燃劑與多磷酸銨之結合揭露 於中國專利1 1 9 7 1 〇 3中所提實施例。其他使用硫酸銨作爲 阻燃劑而載於文獻之應用,包括紡織品用途(Khattab,Ν.Α.; Gad, A . Μ . ; El S a m a η ο υ d i ? A . Η . J . A p p 1. Polym. S c i. : A p p 1 . Polym· S y m p . (1994),55,87-96; Basch,A v r a h m ; L e w i n ? M e n a c h e m 5 Text. Res. J · ( 1 9 7 3 ),43 (11),6 9 3 -4 );以及森 林火災消防(W O 9 8 5 8 0 3 9 ; U S 3 4 0 9 5 5 0 )。A M S U用於紙張 作爲阻燃劑(J P 1 1 2 2 8 9 6 8 );用於木材(J P 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 ; D E 1 9 7 4 8 7 5 1 ; h s i e h 5 T a n g - C h o u ? Taiwan Lin Y e h Shi Yen So Pao Kao (1970),No.l88? qq pp.; Zahl. Konserw. Drewna, P r · I ii s t. T e c h ii o 1. D r e w η a ( 1 9 6 9 ) 5 1 6 ( 3 ),1 1 5 - 2 8 );和用於 聚合物材料,其如聚苯乙烯(J P 0 5 0 8 6 2 5 4 )和聚乙烯、聚丙 稀或其共聚物(AU Vasil'ev,Yu· V·; Ryabinina, L.I.; Fil’bert, D.V.,USSR,Sin· Volokna (1969),69-71.編者。Pakshver, A . V ·出版者:I z d . ” K h i m i y a π,Μ o s c o w,U S S R 5 J p 4 8 0 5 5 9 4 2 ;J P 4 7 0 3 4 5 4 1 )。硫酸銨亦已於先前在聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沬 內作爲阻燃添加劑(U S 5 9 4 8 1 4 8 5 U S 3 7 3 7 4 0 0,S ο 1 〇 d 〇 v n i k, P.I.; Mel'nikov, V.M.; Putnins, E.? USSR, Razrab. Metodov Tepl. Zashch. Inzh. Sooruzh. K r a i n e m S e v . ( 1 9 8 3 ), 1 3 3 - 4 1 編者:I v a η o v,N . S .出版者:Y a k u t s k . G o s . U n i v .,Y a k u t s k, USSR)。 -10-
Claims (1)
- 200417599 拾、申請專利範圍: 1 . 一種用於產生聚氯乙烯泡沫組成物,其降低可燃性’其 特徵在於組成物中含有硫酸銨。 2 . —種用於產生由聚氯乙烯和聚氨基甲酸乙醋混合物所形 成泡沬之組成物,可降低可燃性,其中組成物含有硫酸 錶。 3 . —種用於產生由聚(氯乙烯-共-丙烯膪)構成泡沬之組成 物,具有降低可燃性,其中組成物含有硫酸銨。 4 . 一種用於產生由聚醚醯亞胺混合物構成泡沬之組成物’ 具有降低可燃性,其中組成物含有硫酸銨。 5 . —種用於產生基於酚樹脂泡沬之組成物,可降低可燃性 ,其中組成物含有硫酸銨。 6 .如申請專利範圍第1至5項中至少一項之組成物,基於 聚合物,其中組成物,含有自1至3 0 0重量%之硫酸銨。 7 .如申請專利範圍第1至5項中至少一項之組成物,基於 聚合物,其中較佳之組成物,含有自5至2 0 0重量%之 硫酸銨。 8 .如申請專利範圍第1至5項中至少一項之組成物,基於 聚合物,其中特佳之組成物,含有自2 5至1 0 0重量%之 硫酸銨。 9 .如申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之組成物,其中所 用硫酸銨至少有9 0 %具有小於1 0 0微米之粒度。 1 0 .如申請專利範圍第1至8項中任一項之組成物,其中較 佳者爲所用硫酸銨至少有9 0 %具有小於1 0微米之粒度。 -11- 200417599 11 .如申請專利範圍第1至1 〇項之組成物,其中組成物含有 其他阻燃劑。 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第11項之組成物,其中其他阻燃劑至少 有一種爲磷化物。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第7項之組成物,其中之磷化物選自膦 類、氧化膦、鱗化合物、膦酸酯、亞磷酸酯及/或磷酸酯。 1 4 .如申請專利範圍第丨3項之組成物,其中所用磷化合物包 含甲基膦酸二甲酯 '間苯二酚雙(二苯基磷酸酯),或多 磷酸銨鹽。 1 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1至1 4項中任一項之組成物,其中以 空心球粒配入組成物,因此所成泡沬爲複合泡沬。 1 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1至1 5項中任一項之組成物,其中泡 沫用纖維補強。 1 7 . —種模製品,用如申請專利範圍第1至1 6項中任~項之 泡沬構成。 18. —種夾層材料,含有一層如申請專利範圍第1至1 7項中 任一項之泡沫。 1 9 .汽車、軌道車輛、船隻、或飛機,其中是於整體或局部 地由如申請專利範圍第1至1 7項中至少一項之泡沬構成 -12- 200417599 柒、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第( )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: 捌、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002160096 DE10260096A1 (de) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Neue, schwer brennbare Schaumstoffe unter Verwendung von Ammoniumsulfat und anderen Flammschutzmitteln |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200417599A true TW200417599A (en) | 2004-09-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW92132716A TW200417599A (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-11-21 | Novel low-flammability foams in which ammonium sulphate and other flame retardants are used |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2003298089A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE10260096A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200417599A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2004056920A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070004838A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Dimanshteyn Felix A | Ultra-low petroleum plastics |
| DE102009025163A1 (de) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Sto Ag | Bauelement |
| PL2666626T3 (pl) | 2012-05-23 | 2015-05-29 | Sekisui Alveo Ag | Ognioodporna pianka poliolefinowa i sposób jej wytwarzania |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB716424A (en) * | 1950-01-28 | 1954-10-06 | Equipment Menager Et Ind E M I | Improvements in or relating to methods of manufacturing cellular products |
| US3737400A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1973-06-05 | Toyo Rubber Chemical Ind Co | Self-extinguishable polyurethane foam |
| GB1486867A (en) * | 1976-04-23 | 1977-09-28 | Chloride Group Ltd | Porous sheet materials |
| EP0500623B1 (de) * | 1989-11-06 | 1994-04-13 | Bhf-Chemie Brandhemmende Füllstoffe Gmbh | Zusatzmaterial zu kunststoffschaum und zu einem aus lignozellulosehaltigen stoffen gepressten holzwerkstoff |
| US5418282A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1995-05-23 | Bhf-Chemie Brandhemmende Fullstoffe Gmbh | Method of manufacturing fire-resistant resin foam and wood particle boards or shaped bodies |
-
2002
- 2002-12-19 DE DE2002160096 patent/DE10260096A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-10-18 AU AU2003298089A patent/AU2003298089A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-18 WO PCT/EP2003/011538 patent/WO2004056920A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-11-21 TW TW92132716A patent/TW200417599A/zh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003298089A8 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| WO2004056920A2 (de) | 2004-07-08 |
| WO2004056920A3 (de) | 2004-12-09 |
| AU2003298089A1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| DE10260096A1 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
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