TW200400929A - Process for preparing highly functionalized γ -butyrolactams and γ -amino acids - Google Patents
Process for preparing highly functionalized γ -butyrolactams and γ -amino acids Download PDFInfo
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- TW200400929A TW200400929A TW092110024A TW92110024A TW200400929A TW 200400929 A TW200400929 A TW 200400929A TW 092110024 A TW092110024 A TW 092110024A TW 92110024 A TW92110024 A TW 92110024A TW 200400929 A TW200400929 A TW 200400929A
- Authority
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- aryl
- heteroaryl
- pregabalin
- alkyl
- Prior art date
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- KKXFMWXZXDUYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-5-methyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)CC(CN)CC(O)=O KKXFMWXZXDUYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 68
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BZQRBEVTLZHKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F BZQRBEVTLZHKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
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- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
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- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical class NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/08—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to hydrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/22—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from lactams, cyclic ketones or cyclic oximes, e.g. by reactions involving Beckmann rearrangement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/18—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/36—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/38—2-Pyrrolones
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- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Description
200400929 玖、發明說明: 相關申請案的參考 該申請案擁有美國臨時申請案號60/376,991之優先權,於 2002年4月30號提出申請。 技術領域 本發明關於一種以黏i酸或它的衍生物之還原胺化反應 方式製備高度官能化之γ-丁内醯胺及γ-胺基酸的方法,及揭 示用於製備普利佳巴林(pregabalin)或3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛 酸的方法,其係為具有令人希望的醫藥活性之GABA類似 物。 先前技術 普利佳巴林(3-胺基曱基-5-甲基辛酸)是3-取代的r -胺基 丁酸(GABA)類似物’其顯現一系列的有用的醫藥性質,如
揭示於WO 93/23383,以及美國專利號6,3〇6,91〇及WO 00/76958 ’後兩者是指定給相同受託人之快速申請案。
晋利佳巴林 合成晋利佳巴林及相關類似物的方向一般是從直鏈的前
ΌΗ NH2 驅物開始’該類似物例如具有結構 之3-胺基甲基_5 -曱基辛酸 基 例如’ WO 93/23383揭示從5-甲
甲基琥珀酸二甲基酯開始(邁克j. 予選擇性共輥加成至2-伸 邁爾(Michael J· Mayer), 200400929 旅途報導,合成途徑於有機合成最新趨勢9th會議’艾本尼 (Albany)分子科學技術報導,v〇l. 5,No. 19 (2001),p. 9 ;亦 可從最後於2003年2月6號參觀的網站得到http : //albmolecnlar logical.net/features/tekreps/vol5/nol9) ° 反應提供可分離的非鏡 像異構物之混合物,及需要的非鏡像異構物然後經由6個額 外步驟轉換成普利佳巴林。 任何這些方向之一個缺點,特別在放大及生產上,是它 們需要多重步驟及純化之操作。因此,需要一種用於合成 k利佳巴林及其他3-取代的γ-胺基酸的方法,其可使合成轉 換步驟的總數降至最低及簡化純化步驟。 發明内容 本發明可符合這些及其他的需求,其提供製備式〖化合物 之方法 〇 Λοη R2'y^nhr1 r2
I 其中.Ri是 Η,(Crc8)fe 基 ’(C3-C7)環坡基,芳基, 芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n_雜環基,雜芳基,或(cH2)n_雜芳基 其中η是0 ’ 1,2或3 ;及 係各自獨立為氫’直鏈或支鏈(Ci_C6)貌基,直鏈 或支鏈(c2-c7)烯烴基,(c3_c7)環燒基,燒基環燒基,燒基燒 氧基,燒基笨基,燒基苯氧基’笨基或經取代的苯基; 其包含: ⑷在酸的存在下,以R,OH (其中R,是(C卜c6)燒基,_(CH2)_ 200400929 苯基,或-(ch2)-經取代的苯基)處理黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2
OH
ROH H+
2
(b)將R2R2,CM〇 (其中112及R2,是如上所定義及Μ。是MgBr、 CuBr、或B(OH)2)共軛加成至2以提供3A Ο
〇 X R2R2OM0 I 〇 - χ/γ OR' 2 (c) 3A之氫化反應以提供4A ;
(d)於氫化反應條件下,以甲酸銨或尺以出使4Α還原胺化, 其中Ri是(CrC8)烷基,(C3-C7)環烷基,芳基’(CH2)n-芳基’雜環基,(CH2)n-雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n4^ 芳基’其中η是〇,1,2或3,然後水解 〇
[H], R1NH2 or HC02NH4) 水解 亦提供製備普利佳巴林的方法
晋利佳巴 林 其包含: ⑷在酸的存在下以R,0H (其中R,是(CI_Q则,_ 冬甲基,或-(CH2)-經取代的苯甲基)處理黏氯酸或黏澳 酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2 ;
0 X
OH 〇
OR· 2
R'OH X. X" H+ (b)將共軛加成至2,其中Ml是]vigBr,CuBr或 Me
Ue'y^'U2
Me ,其中M2是B(OH)2,以提供3B,其中“…”是不 存在或是鍵結;
Me 200400929
(c)將3B氫化以提供4B
(d)使用甲酸銨使4B還原胺化,然後水解 〇
4B
[H], HC02NH4, 普利佳巴林 丨水解 亦提供製備3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸之方法 〇
其包含: (a)在酸的存在下以R’OH (其中R’是(CrC6)烷基或-CH2-芳 基)處理黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2 ;
R'OH H+
OR' 2 (b)將共輛加成至2,其中地是MgBr,CuBr, Me 或 ,其中他是β(〇η),,以提供3BB,其中 Me -10- 200400929 是不存在或是鍵結; 〇 X. X"
Me、 OR' Μ, 2
Me 〇
Me- or M2
Me
(c)將3BB氫化以提供4BB 〇 X. Me ] b° Me’ 1 OR' 3BB 及 η2 Ο
(d)使用甲酸銨使4ΒΒ還原胺化,然後水解 〇
[H], HC02NH4i 3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸 水解 亦提供製備式I化合物之方法 0 OH NHR! Λ R2 其中:1是Η,(CVCs)烷基,(C3-C7)環烷基,芳基,(CH2) 芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n-雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n-雜芳基 200400929 其中η是0 ’ 1,2或3 ;及 R2及Rr係各自獨立為氫,直鏈或支鏈(CrC6)烷基,直鏈 或支鏈(CyC7)晞烴基,(C3_c7)環烷基,烷基環烷基,烷基烷 乳基 k基木基,坑基笨氧基,苯基或經取代的表基, 其包含:
(a)在甲酸铵或RiNH2及酸催化劑的存在下,用還原劑還原 胺化‘鼠酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是Ci或价)以提供2C,於 ^RiNHAR^H,(CVC8)烷基,(C3_C7)環烷基,芳基, (CH2)n-芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n _雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n_ 雜芳基,其中n是〇,1,2或3
> (b)將R2RrCM0共軛加成至2C ’其中%是MgBr、CuBr、或 B(OH)2,以提供3C
2C
X X
1
2C
(c)將3C氫化以提供4C 〇
3C H2 Λ r2
4C NFh 及 -12- 200400929
(d)水解4C R2、 〇 Λ 水解 NR1
R
2 4C 亦提供製備普利佳巴林的方法
Me 〇
Me r" "OH -NH2 普利佳巴林 其包含: (a)在苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺的存在下,使用還原劑還原 胺化黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2D Ο 〇 H or Me Ph
X、JJ [H] X X' 苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺 X'
OH
2D (13)將Me^^Ml共輛加成至2D,其中M!是MgBr,CuBr Me 或,其中M2是B(OH)2,以提供3D,其中 Me 是不存在或是鍵結; 〇 X. X' H or Me
Me.
Mi
Me
2D or
Me
Me -13- 200400929
Me 〇
N~ 3D H or Me Ph
(c)將3D氫化以提供4D
H or Me Ph H2 〇
4D
(d)水解4D
O 水解 -►普利佳巴林 Λ
NH
Me 4D 亦提供製備3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸之方法
Me
其包含:
(a)在苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺的存在下,用還原劑還原胺 化黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2D
[H] 苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺
2D -14- 200400929 (b)將共軛加成至2D,其中地是MgBr,CuBr, Me 或,其中此是珂〇玢2,以提供3dd,其 Me 中“---”是不存在或是鍵結;
H or Me Ο X. N- Μ, ^ 、/ Ph Me-
2D
Me·
Me or Me M2
H or Me 3DD
(c)將3DD氫化以生成4DD
H or Me 3DD H2
H or Me 4DD :及
(d)水解4DD -15- 200400929
3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸 亦提供用於還原胺化黏自酸之方法,其包含: (a)使黏氯酸或黏溴酸丨(其中父是〇或13〇與還原劑、酸催 化劑、及RsNH2接觸以提供2E,其中心是H , (Ci_c〇烷 基’((VC7)環烷基,芳基,(CH2)n_芳基,雜環基,(ch丄-雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n_雜芳基,其中11是〇,丨,2 或3。
OH
2E
[H] R3NH2 實施方式 揭示於本文中用於製備高度官能化之3_取代的丫_胺基丁 酸之發明方法具有一些優點。首先,㈣以最少的步驟及 在溫和的情況下生成3_取代的γ_胺基丁酸’例如普利佳巴林
或其類似物,如3_胺基甲基_5_甲基辛酸。第二,它們使用 —般不昂貴及易取得的試劑。h,它們探索黏自酸的合 成潛力。 黏氯酸1 (2,3-二氯-4-氧-2-丁婦酸)及黏溴酸(2,3_二溴_4_氧 -2-丁烯酸)是市面上有售及不昂貴的起始物。兩種分子的特 ,是料雙鍵之存在’其具有z組型、兩個碳原子,及兩個 碳基。高度官能化使黏氯酸及黏溴酸特別適合作為組合塊 用万;各種有生物活性雜環之合成,例如經取代的1,5_二氫吡 -16 - 200400929 咯-2-酮,吡咯啶’ γ-内醯胺’及γ_胺基酸,例如普利佳巴林
ΟΗ
ΟΗ 黏氯酸 黏溴酸 黏氯酸及黏溴酸令人意外地尚未被普遍運用於有機合成 以作為C_4組合塊。據推測這是因為分子中有許多的反^位 置、它們在鹼性情況下的差穩定性、及—般技藝人士所了 解的在其他官能基存在下選擇性地操控自原子的困難。 雖然了解這些困難,黏鹵酸是揭示於本文中發明方法的 基礎。如综合在流程丨所示,方法的差別是在反應步驟的相 對序列,但兩者皆仰賴黏鹵酸作為合成平臺以詳細闡述3_ 取代的γ-胺基丁酸架構。因此,在路徑Α,黏鹵酸之保護於 步驟Α提供半縮醛2Β。在步驟B,R2RrM之共軛加成至π, 然後去掉鹵化物,提供共輛加成產物3Β。在步驟匚中之還 原胺化反應提供内醯胺4Β,其可就地或於分開的步驟進行 水解以提供3-取代的胺基丁酸丨。相對之下,在路徑八,, 遝原胺化反應是合成序列的第一步(步驟Α,),然後是共輥 加成(步驟Β,)’氫化反應(步驟c,),及水解(步驟d 流程1 路徑4 路徑Λ,
200400929
r2、
步驟D‘
D
R '2'
步驟E 0
灿卜 一 n2崎住製備。如流程2, 路偟A所描述,黏鹵酸首先轉變成〇_ 二 予又风u丰甲基縮醛2B。有機銅 鉍鹽加成提供共軛加成產物3B。氣化 反應及去卣化反應導 致4B。在氫化反應條件下還原胺化生成内驢胺π,豆可於 驗性情況下水解以提供普利佳巴林或任何它的類似物’其 已括版基乙基-5曱基辛酸。或者,如流程2的路徑A,所描 述在第一步使用笨甲基胺或1-苯基乙基胺還原胺化黏鹵 酸以提供2D。如路徑a描述的共軛加成、氫化反應、及水解 提供普利佳巴林。 -18- 200400929 X、χ. Ο
2Β
路徑Λ 步驟A 路徑4' OCH2Ph
流程2 Ο X X
OH 步驟
Ο X
NCH2Ph 2D 步驟B Ο
X
NCH2Ph
4B OR' 30
步驟D
步驟D_
步驟E 5B Me' 本相同方法論能被探索以製備普利佳丨 〜住巴林類似物3-胺基 甲基-5甲基辛酸。所有的步驟是與上述 步驟曙用 *物:物:余了步驟賊 切’如插述於本文
Me' v 、CuBr 中用於1,4共軛加成/鹵化物去除反應 -19- 200400929 ι·定義 使用下列定義,除非另 烷基,燒氧基,埽煙基,A /述·齒疋氟’氣,溴,或破。 但提到的單獨的基,土例k基了物代表直鏈的或支鏈基; 異構物如異丙基是特別被表丙明基4括直鏈基,支鏈基 因此,術語「烷基」係 i? φ Μ Μ ^ ^ ^ ‘、曰/、有k 1土 8個碳原子的直鏈的 或支鏈的破虱基,及;7 4 其,丁…_ 括例如甲基,乙基,η-丙基,異丙 基η-丁基第--丁基,里丁 :妨 ^ ^ ^ . 〃、丁基,罘三-丁基’ η-戊基,η- 己基’ η-庚基’及其類似物。 術%烯k基」係指具有從2至7個碳原子的直鏈的或支 鏈的碳氫基’幻函括例如乙埽基,烯丙基,“丙烯基,2_ 丙缔基,1- 丁晞基,2-丁;^丨# /布基,3-丁締基,2-甲基-2-丙烯基, 1-戊晞基,2-戊烯基,3_戊埽基,4_戊烯基,^甲基_2_ 丁烯 基’ 3'甲基冬丁缔基’ h己埽基’ 2-己浠基,3_己缔基,4_ 己烯基,5-己烯基,4-甲基_3_戊烯基,^庚埽基,孓庚稀基, 3-庚烯基,2-甲基-1-己烯基,2_甲基_2_己晞基,3_甲基_2_己 烯基,3-甲基-3-己烯基,3_甲基己烯基,4_曱基小己烯基, 5-甲基-1-己烯基; 術語「環炫基」指包含有從3至7個礙原子的直鏈的或支 鏈的碳氫環,及涵括例如環丙基,環丁基,環戊基,環己 基’環庚基’環辛基’氫化萘基’降蒎烷基,及金剛烷基。 如果可能,環烷基可包含雙键,例如3-環己-1-烯基。環烷 環可以是沒被取代的或以一種或以上選自由下列的取代基 取代:烷基’烷氧基’硫氧基,羥基,硫基,硝基,卣素, -20- 200400929 胺基’燒基及一燒基胺基,甲醒基’幾基,_cn,-NH-CO-R, -CO-NHR,-C02R-,_C0R,其中R是烷基,環烷基,雜環烷 基,芳基,或雜芳基,其中烷基,芳基,或雜芳基是如本 文中所定義。
術語「芳基」指環狀或多環芳香環,其具有從5至12個碳 原子,及可以是沒被取代的或以一種或以上如上述的烷 基,烯烴基,及炔烴基之取代基取代。芳基之實例涵括苯 基’ 2,6-二氯苯基’ 3-甲氧苯基,萘基,4-硫萘基,茬滿基, 慝基,菲基,苯肷蒸基,芴基,2-乙酿胺芴基,及4,·漠 聯苯基。 術語「燒氧基」指直鏈的或支鏈的碳氫基,其具有從i 至8個碳原子及鍵結到氧。烷氧基涵括例如甲氧基,乙氧 基,η-丙氧基,異丙氧基,n_ 丁氧基,第二_ 丁氧基,異丁 氧基,第三-丁氧基,n_戊氧基,化己氧基,n_庚氧基,及其 類似物。
術m「烷基環烷基」指直鏈的或支鏈的碳氫基,其具有 如上所定義的從1至8個碳原子連接到如上所定義的 基。 衡語「燒基環燒氧基」指直鏈的或支鍵的礙氮基,其具 ^ i上所疋義的從丨至8個碳原子連接到如上所定義的環烷 如衔⑽:烷基苯甲基“旨直鏈的或支鏈的碳氫基,其具有 細^所疋我的從1至8個碳原子連接到如上所定義的苯基戈 '二取代的苯基。 -21 - 200400929 Ά 纟70基苯甲氧基」指直鏈的或支鏈的碳氫基,其具 有如上所足義的從丨至8個碳原子連接到苯氧基或經取 群組。 以本發明方法製備的化合物可有一個或以上對掌中心, 及可以具光學活性的及消旋的型式存在、使用或分離。應 了解本發明的方法能生成任何消旋的或有光學活性的型 式,或其混合物。更應了解本發明的產物能以消旋的、鏡 像異構物、或非鏡像異構物的型式、或其混合物分離。這 些產物的純化及鑑定步驟是一般技藝人士所熟知的,及包 括再結晶技術,以及對掌層析分離步驟及其他的方法。 2_ 3-取代的γ-胺基丁酸合成經由5_烷氧基_3,4-二鹵_5乩呋喃 -2-酮(路徑Α) 在流程1,路徑Α的步驟A ’黏溴酸或黏氯酸在酸的存在下 以Q-C:6醇或苯曱基或取代的苯甲醇處理,轉變成對應的5_ 烷氧基-3,4-二_ -5H-呋喃-2-酮2A。在典型的步驟,i當量黏 氯酸的甲苯溶液與1.5當量苯甲醇及〇〇5當量的?_甲苯磺酸 混合。混合物迴流加熱8至24小時。產物呋喃酮典型地可以 高產率取得(85-90%)。 在路徑A的步驟B,有機鋼酸鹽試劑R2r2,cm之共輛加成至 2A接著鹵化物之去除,提供經取代的吱喃酮3A。在典型 的步驟,銅酸鹽是在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMp)及碘化銅的存在 下就地產生,II N-甲基吡略烷酮從市售的格任亞(GHgnard) 試劑(例如烷基-’芳基-,或溴化烷基鎂)而來。假如需要的 格任亞試劑市面上沒有出售,它能輕易地從對應的有機鹵 -22- 200400929 化合物製備而得,使用那些熟習技藝人士可用的許多方法 之 在_10至0C下,5至1〇分鐘内加入呋喃酮至有機銅酸 鹽武劍’生成之混合物回溫至室溫。 ,在路徑A的步驟C,根據熟習技藝人士容易得到的一種方 法,烷基呋喃酮3A之氫化反應提供二氫呋喃酮4A。在典型 的步驟,將呋喃酮溶解於THF,及與三級胺鹼如三乙胺、及
Pd/C混合。該混和液是在高壓反應器裏氫化直到氫的吸收 停止。 在路徑A的步驟D,以甲酸銨或RiNH2還原胺化二氫呋喃酮 Μ導致内_5A的產生’其可就地或於被分離出以進行水 解,及轉變成3-取代的胺基丁酸z於分開的步驟。在典型 的步驟,混合二氫呋喃酮4八與甲酸銨、三乙胺、及pd/c於 甲醇中。該混合液是在高壓反應器裏氫化直到氫的吸收停 止以產生内醯胺5A與期望的開環物質j之混合物。讓混合物 在热習技藝人士所熟知的情況下(例如,以水性鹼處理)水 解,如步驟E所描述,導致〗的產生。 路徑A是可谷易地適用於普利佳巴林或3_胺基曱基_5·甲
基辛酸又合成。對於普利佳巴林,步驟A保持一樣。步驟B 需要使用濃化第二-丁基鎂以產生需要的有機銅酸鹽。或 步驟C,D及E保持 Me 樣。同樣地 Me 能以鈴木(Suzuki)-類型偶合步驟接上侧鏈,其使用 e γ^Β(ΟΗ)2及鈀觸媒 如先前所示, + 、⑽r 或 Me/^^\B(0H)及 如描述於本文的類似物,可被用來作為3_胺基甲基_5_甲基 -23- 200400929 辛酸的前驅物。 3_ 3-取代的γ-胺基丁酸之合成經由3,4-二鹵-1-取代],5_二氫. 吡咯酮(路徑Α’) 用於3-取代的γ-胺基丁酸合成之流程1路徑Α,的第一步需 要黏鹵酸之還原胺化反應以提供化合物2C。 Α.路徑Α’/步驟A :黏_酸之還原胺化反應 如先前所不’黏溴酸或黏氣酸不是受歡迎的c_4组合塊, 因為分子中有許多的反應位置、它們在鹼性情況下的差穩 疋性、及一般技藝人士 了解到在其他官能基存在下選擇性 操控li素原子的困難。例如,雖然已知在醋酸存在下,黏 >臭或黏氯酸可與聯胺或芳基聯胺反應以生成噠嗪酮,反 應條件是苛刻的:以醋酸為溶劑,{)11在丨至2間,及溫度介 於60至120°C間。 流程3
除了該報導的轉換外,然而,用於選擇性操控存在於黏 鹵酸的官能基之複本是未知的。 i.試劑 描述於本文的還原胺化反應方法容許各種的試劑及條 件。 S i酸:一開始,黏溴酸或黏氯酸是適合用於還原胺化反 應方法。 胺·同時’可用各種胺於還原胺化反應方法,及以式ι^νη2 •24· 200400929 表示,其中R!是選自由下列群组:氫或Cl-c7燒基或經取代 的^-匸7烷基,c3-C12環烷基或經取代的匸3-(:12環烷基,C3-Ci2 雜環燒基或經取代的(23-(^12雜環燒基,芳基或經取代的芳 基,或雜芳基或經取代的雜芳基。
用於本發明的一級或二級烷基、環烷基、雜環烷基、芳 基、或雜芳基胺能以一種或以上選自由下列群組取代:鹵’ 羥基’ Ct-Ce烷氧基,羧基,CrC6烷氧基羰基,胺羰基,鹵 甲基’二鹵甲基,三鹵甲基,鹵乙基,二鹵乙基,三鹵乙 基,四_乙基,五鹵乙基,硫基,(crc4)烷基硫烷基,(crc4) 烷基亞磺醯基,及氨基磺醯基。經取代的烷基之實例涵括 氟甲基,二氟甲基,三氟甲基,三溴甲基,羥甲基,3-甲 氧丙基,3-羧基戊基,3,5-二溴-6-胺基羰基癸基,及4-乙基 亞績·基辛基。經取代的稀烴基之實例涵括2-溴乙缔基,
1-胺基-2-丙晞-i_基,3-羥基-戊-2-婦-1-基,4-甲氧羰基-己-2-烯-1-基,及2-硝基-3-溴-4-碘基-辛-5-烯-1-基。典型的經取代 的炔烴基涵括2-羥乙炔基,3-二甲胺基-己-5-炔-1-基,及2-ΊΙ基-庚-3-決-丨-基。 用於還原胺化反應方法的胺可以是胺基酸或它相對應的 酯類。典型的胺基酸包含L-離胺酸,L-丙胺酸,L-精氨酸, L-天門冬氨酸,Ν-α苯甲基羰基-L-精氨酸,L-瓜氨酸,γ-L-麩氨酸,L-甘氨酸,L-組胺酸,L-羥基脯胺酸,L-異白氨酸, L-白氨酸,L-離胺酸,L-甲硫氨酸,L-鳥胺酸,L-苯丙胺酸, L-脯胺酸,L-焦麵氨酸,L-絲氨酸,L-色氨酸,L-路氨酸, L-顯胺酸。這些胺亦可以是複基端-聯接的胜肤,其具有1 -25- 200400929 至10個胺基酸或其加成鹽。此種胜肽可涵括L-精胺醯-L-精 氨酸’ N-苯甲氧幾基-甘胺酿-L-脯胺酸,L-戊二醯-丙胺酿-精氨酸,甘胺醯-甘氨酸,甘胺酿-L-苯丙胺酸,甘胺酿_l_ 脯胺酸,及L-絲胺醯-L-酪氨酸,以及其他的。 用於本發明還原胺化反應方法的胺亦可有一種或以上對 掌中心,及可以具光學活性的及消旋的型式存在、使用或 分離。應了解本發明的方法能運用任何胺之消旋的、具光 學活性、同質異形的、幾何異構的、或立體異構的型式, 或彼等的混合物。更應了解還原胺化反應方法的產物能以 消旋的、具光學活性、同質異形的、幾何異構的、或立體 異構的、或其混合物型式分離。此種產物的純化及鑑定步 驟是一般技藝人士所熟習的,及涵括再結晶技術,以及對 掌層析分離步驟及其他的方法。 然而’典型地使用苯甲胺或S-1-苯基-乙胺。 還原劑:一些還原劑可被用於本發明還原胺化反應方法。 砭些還原劑涵括硼氫化三乙醯氧鈉,硼氫化氰化鈉,三乙 基矽烷,Ti(0iPr)4/NaBH3CN,硼氫化物交 侧氯㈣/過氯酸鎂,或硼氫化鋅/氣化I較佳地,還原劑 是硼氫化三乙醯氧鈉。 酸催錢:各種酸催化劑可被料本發明還原胺化反應方 法。酸可以是布氏(Bronsted),或質予酸,或路氏,或非質 子酸。適合用於本發明還原胺化反應方法的質子酸之實例 Λ:醋鉍’三氯醋酸,彡氟醋酸,或甲酸。適合用於快速 申π案义延原胺化反應方法的非質子酸之實例涵括氯化 -26· 200400929 鎮’二氟甲磺酸鎂,三氟化硼-乙醚複合物,A1ci3,FeCl3, ZnCl2 ’ AlBr3,ZnBr2,Ticl4,siCLt,及 SnCU。 ii-步驟及計量化學 在本fx明逼原胺化反應方法,黏自酸與胺、還原劑、及 催化《I]接觸。“接觸”指反應組份典型地以液體型式混合 以生成均勻或不勻混合物。用於本發明還原胺化反應方法 的液體選自極性非質子溶劑。較佳地,極性非質子溶劑選 自由下列:四氫呋喃,乙腈,硝基甲烷,氯仿,二氯甲烷, 氯乙烷,U或1,2二氯乙烷,丨丄丨或u,2=氯乙烷,或丨山^ 或1,1,2,2四氯乙烷。較佳的溶劑涵括二氯曱烷或氯乙烷。亦 能使用溶劑之混合物。 用於快速申請案的還原胺化反應方法之每一種反應組份 (如黏鹵酸,胺,還原劑,及酸催化劑)的莫耳當量是: (a) 1當量的黏ii酸; (b) 1至5當量的胺; (c) 1至1〇當量的還原劑;及 (d) 足夠的酸催化劑以維持阳於約2至7間。 較佳地,用於快速申請案的還原胺化反應方法之每一種 反應組份(如黏_酸,胺,還原劑,及酸催化劑)的莫耳當 旦 曰 · 里疋 · (a) 1當量的黏i酸; (b) 1至3當量的胺; (c) 1至5當量的胺;及 (d) 足夠的酸催化劑以維持pH於約3至6間。 200400929 最佳地,用於快速申請案還原胺化反應方法之每一種反 應組份(如黏_酸,胺,還原劑,及酸催化劑)的莫斗當量 是: (a) 1當量的黏_酸; (b) 1至2當量的胺; (c) 1至3當量的還原劑;及 (d) 足夠的酸催化劑以雄持pH於約4至5間。 在本發明還原胺化反應方法中,極性非質子溶劑中黏鹵 酸的起始濃度典型地是化丨至化^ M。較佳地,是〇.15至〇 45 M。最佳地,是0.2至0.3 Μ。 在本發明還原胺化反應方法中,溫度典型地是從約_25七 至約5〇t ’較低的溫度比較適合於黏溴酸及較高的溫度比 杈適合黏氣酸。當使用黏氯酸時,較佳的溫度是從約〇它至 約40°C,及最佳地從約1〇。(:至約3〇°C。 在本發明還原胺化反應方法中,反應時間典型地是從約 30分鐘至約5天;較佳地’從約1小時至3天;及最佳地,從 約6小時至48小時。 為了要說明本發明還原胺化反應方法,黏溴酸或黏氣酸 與豕胺或苯甲胺在酷酸中的反應被探討(表4)。選擇二氯甲 燒及醋酸(1 : 1 v/v)之混合物作為溶劑以維持兩種起始物的 穩定性與溶解度。使用硼氫化三乙醯氧鈉為還原劑及反應 是在室溫下進行。起先’ 丫-内醯胺7以46%產率分離,伸於 劑篩選顯示一旦降低醋酸的量,能以65至75%產率得到7 200400929 表4.不同溶劑中的還原胺化反應
項目溶劑 產量(%) 1 CH2C12:HOAc (1:1) 46 2 1,4-二氧陸圜 48 3 THF 52 4 ch3cn 49 5 DCE 68 6 CHC13 66 7 CH3NO2 35 8 CHCI3 76 a項目1,2及6的反應條件:1當量的黏氯酸,1當量的苯胺, 1.5當量的NaBH(OAc)3,CHC13 (催化劑HOAc),於氮氣下24 小時。項目3-5,7-10的反應條件:1當量的黏氣酸,1當量的 苯胺,3當量的 NaBH(OAc)3,CH2C12 : HOAc (5 : 3 v/v),於氮 氣下24小時。反應時間未優化。產物以矽膠層析分離及純 化及/或結晶。產物純度以巾NMR及元素分析預估是>95%。 所有化合物皆有另人滿意的元素分析數據。 本發明方法已更進一步延伸至苯胺,其具有供電子、拉 電子及中性取代基以及雜芳香胺系統(表5)。缺電子苯胺(項 目3,4及9)及多電子苯胺(項目2,5及7)於幾乎是相等的設備 下反應,及雜芳香胺(項目6)亦進行具有合理產率之選擇性 反應。 200400929 表5.用不同“苯胺”還原胺化反應
NaBH(OAc)3 —-►產物 溶劑 項目 “笨胺” 產物 產量(%) 項目“苯胺” 產物 產量(%)
a項目1,2及6的反應條件·· 1當量的黏氣酸,1.1當量的“苯 胺” ’ 1.5當量的NaBH(OAc)3,CHC13 (催化劑HOAc),於氮氣 下24小時。項目3_5,7-1〇的反應條件:!當量的黏氯酸,1 當量的“苯胺 ” ’ 3 當量的 NaBH(〇Ac)3,CHCl3: H〇Ac (5 : 3 v/v) 於氮氣下24小時。反應時間未優化。產物以石夕膠層析分餐 估是 及純化及/或結晶。產物純度以lH醒及元 刀 >95%。所有化合物皆古2 , a、 丨丁員 白有另人滿意的元素分析數據 黏氯酸(1)能以打間沾+ „ 錄 在 T開的或環狀型式存在(流程6)。然而, "3〇- 200400929 CHC13的紫外光譜顯示1主要是以内酯型式存在。另外的光 譜數據,即振動(IR,拉曼)及其他的(NMR及NQR)建議内酯 是在液態及固態的主要塑式。實驗結果更進一步支持這些 觀察。 流程6 黏氣酸及黏溴酸之平衡
X X 〇
0 1· X=CI 2' X=Br
〇 CI
H+ CI' cr 提出的還原胺化反應方法之機構是描述在流程7。因此 醛類的質子化促使平衡有利於開環型式的醛類。醛類部1 的還原胺化反應,緊接著閉環及去水,提供環狀内=胺1 流程7.提出的還原胺化反應機構
OH 0^CH2NH2 CI OH H+
Cl、 .cr ΌΗ .H
hn;h 依知、提出的機
以二垸基胺及N-垸基苯胺之還原胺化 -31 - 200400929 反應提供取代的α,β-未飽和γ-胺基酸。所有嘗試皆是成功的 及所有產物以可接受的產率分離(表8)。 反應 產物 表8·用不同胺的還原胺化 〇
NaBH(OAc)3 溶劑 項目 彦量(%)
Q Η 67 2
20
Ρ C,Y^OH 3
nhch3 d*^S 48 反應條件
4
1當量的黏氯酸,1 . 1當量的胺 1.5當量的
NaBH(OAc)3,CHCI3 (催化劑h0Ac),於氮氣下24小時。反應 時間未優化。產物以矽膠層析分離及純化及/或結晶。產物 純度以4 NMR及元素分析預估是>95%。所有化合物皆有另 -32- 200400929 人滿意的元素分析數據。b此反應提供得到經取代的丫_丁基 内酉旨之有效方法。 有趣的是,用甲酸銨的還原胺化反應嘗試提供不被預期 的内醯胺8,但反而是内酯9,以50%的產率。當重複反應沒 有添加甲酸銨時,9之產率提高至82%。同時,當使用醋酸 铵時,反應以80°/。的產率生成内酯9。 總結來說,流程1之步驟Α,,路徑Α,代表一個簡單、有效 率及選擇性的方法,其可用來製備Ν_苯甲基_3,4_二氯_丨,5_ 二氫吡咯-2-酮,Ν-芳基(或烷基)_3,4_二氯_丨,5_二氫吡咯_2_ 酮及經取代的γ-胺基酸。這些產物具有幾何上定義清楚的 四取代烯烴類、兩種有區別的乙埽鹵化物、及酸的景象, 及能被用於各種化合物的合成。
Β.路徑Α’/步驟Β,C及D 路徑Α’之步驟Β ’ C及D是如同路徑a之步驟β,c及Ε所提 供的。 下列實例是用來說明本發明的各種具體實例及不是用來 限制其範圍。 貫施例 路徑A,潘,裎2 步驟A : 5-苯甲氧基-3,4-二鹵-5H-吱喃-2-酮 黏鹵酸(0.4-0.6莫耳’ 1當量),苯甲醇(1.5當量),及對笨一 甲酸(0.05當量)混合在1000毫升甲苯及於配備有頂斯達克金 屬帶(Dean Stark Strap)的設備中。迴流加熱混合物直到於頂 斯達克金屬帶之水的收集停止為止。然後冷卻混合物至室 200400929 溫。於真空在35-40°C下移除甲苯使粗產物變成淡棕色油。 未純化物質以管柱層析於珍膠上純化,其以己燒的5 5、然 後10%之醋酸乙酯沖洗。 1. 5-苯甲氧基-3,4-二氯-5H-p夫喃-2-酮。以步驟A製備。950/〇 產率。4 NMR (CDC13,300 ΜΗζ) δ 7.3 (s,5H) , 5.92 (s, 1H), 4.95 (d,1Η) ’ 4.89 (d,1Η)。C1()H8a203元素分析實際值(理論 值):C,51.12(50.99) ; Η ’ 2.92(3.11) ; N,<0.05(0.00) ; Cl ,
27.19(27.37)。 2· 5-苯甲乳基-3,4-二溴-5H-吱喃-2-酮。以步驟A製備。100% 產率。NMR (CDC13,300 ΜΗζ) δ 7.3 (s,5H),5.92 (s, 1H), 4·95 (d,1Η) ’ 4·89 (d,1Η)。C10H8Br2O3元素分析實際值(理論 值):C,38.62(37.97) ; Η,2.30(2.32) ; N,<0.05(0.00) ; Br ’ 44.71(45.92)。 步驟B : 5-苯甲氧基-3-鹵-4-異丙基-5H-呋喃-2-酮
另外選擇1 :經由鋼酸鹽加忐I
在室溫於頓性氣體下,混合及攪拌5_苯甲氧基_3,4-二鹵 -5H-呋喃-2-酮(0.03-0.15莫耳,1當量)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮 (NMP)(過量)、及碘化銅(1當量)。在約30分鐘後,產生的棕 褐色懸浮液冷卻至約-15至約-20。(:,及溴化異丁基鎂(1.5當 量)以2.0M溶液於二乙醚逐滴加入。以水性氯化銨的飽合溶 液抑制反應混合物,及用甲基第三丁基醚萃取以提供棕褐 色油狀的粗產物。用管柱層析於矽膠上純化,其以己烷的 10%之醋酸乙酯沖洗,以生成無色油狀的產物。
1. 5-本·甲氧基-3-鼠-4-異丙基-5H-咬喃-2-S同。70%產率。MS -34- 200400929 (AP+) 281.0。 2 · 5-苯甲氧基-3-溴-4-異丙基_5H_呋喃_2-酮。70%產率。MS (AP+) 325.0。 另外選擇2 .經由铃太偶各_ 混合5-苯甲氧基-3,4-二-5H-呋喃-2-酮(0.03-0.15莫耳,1 當量)、硼酸(2當量)、氟化絶(2·5當量)、pda2(pph3)2 (〇 〇5 s 1)、及氯化二乙基苯曱按(〇〇5當量)。加入沖氮氣的曱苯 與水溶劑之混合物至該混合物。於市溫下攪拌反應混合物 整夜,然後以2N水性鹽酸抑制,及用1〇〇毫升曱苯萃取。萃 取物於真S下&縮以提供淡橘色油狀的粗產物,其用管柱 層析於矽膠上純化,以己烷的1〇%之醋酸乙酯沖洗。
2. 5-本甲氧基-3-溴-4-異丙基-5H-吱喃-2-酮。30%產率。MS (AP+) 325.0。 步驟C : 5-苯甲氧基_4-異丙基-二氫_吱喃_2_酮
5-苯曱氧基-3-ι| -4-異丙基-5H-呋喃-2-酮(5毫莫耳,1當量) 與三乙胺(1.2當量)之混合物溶解於65毫升THF。轉移至高壓 反應器。加入Pd/C (0.3克)’及使混合物於4〇螃每平方英忖 (psi)的氫氣下攪拌氫化。使混合物氳化直到氫的吸收停 止。過濾掉Pd/C催化劑,及於真空下移除溶劑。殘餘物以 醋酸乙酯稀釋’以飽和的氯化铵水溶液洗滌及以硫酸錢乾 燥。萃取物於真空下濃縮以生成無色油狀的產物。 1. 從5-苯甲氧基-3-氯4-異丙基-5H-p失喃-2-嗣。產率38%。 MS (AP+) 249.1。 2. 從5-苯甲氧基-3-溴-4-兴丙基-5H-咬喃-2-嗣。產率83。/。。 -35- 200400929 MS (AP+) 249.1。 步驟D/E : 3-胺甲基-4-甲基-戊酸(普利佳巴林) 在高壓反應器中使5-苯甲氧基-4-異丙基-二氫-呋喃·2_酮 氫化,如上述步驟C所提供。因此,混合1.3克的5-苯甲氧基 -4-異丙基-二氫-呋喃_2_酮與1.7克甲酸銨、0.3克的20% Pd/C、及0_07克的[Ir(COD)Cl]2於25毫升的甲醇中。使混合物 在70°C於20磅每平方英吋的壓力下氫化直到氫的吸收停止 (約7小時)以提供普利佳巴林(m+ 160.1)與污染的4-異丙基-吡咯烷-2-酮(M+ 142.1)之混合物。 可使混合物鹼性水解以提供單獨的普利佳巴林。 路徑A’,流裎1 步驟A’.使用苯甲胺之黏鹵酸還原胺化反應 緩慢加入硼氫化三乙醯氧鈉(6.4克,3.0當量)至黏鹵酸(1 當量)與苯甲胺(1.1當量)於氯仿(50毫升)之混舍物。反應混 合物於約25°C下攪拌24小時。反應混合物然後以水(200毫升) 抑制及以水(100毫升)洗滌。有機層以硫酸鎂乾燥及於真空 下濃縮’以產生1.28克的產物,其進一步用矽膠管柱層析纯 化以提供内醯胺(1.59克,66%產率)。 使用(R)-l-苯基乙基胺之黏鹵酸還原胺化反應 依照如上所提供的步驟’純化後提供89%產率的内醯胺產 物。 所有的專利及專利文件皆以引用方式納入本文中,即使 單獨以引用方式納入。本發明參照各種特別的及較佳的具 體實例來描述。然而,應了解可做許多變異及修正而同時 保有本發明的精神及範園。 -36 -
Claims (1)
- 0 200400929 拾、申請專利範圍: L —種製備式I化合物之方法r2 I其中·· RACC^-Cs)烷基,(C3-C7)環烷基’芳基’(CH2)n -芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n-雜環基,雜芳基’或(CH2)n-雜芳 基,其中η是0,1,2或3 ;及 R2及R2,係各自獨立為氫,直鏈或支鏈(Ci-C6)烷基,直 鏈或支鏈(c2-c7)烯烴基,(c3-c7)環烷基,烷基環烷基, 燒基燒氧基,燒基苯基,燒基苯氧基,苯基或經取代的 笨基, 其包含: % (a)在酸的存在下,以R’OH (其中R’是(C丨-C6)烷基, -(CH2)-苯基,或-(CH2)-經取代的苯基)處理黏氯酸或 黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)以提供2ROH 〇 XOR' 2 Η+ (b)將R2R2’CM〇 (其中R2及Rr是如上所定義及是OR· 2 或B(OH)2)共軛加成至2以提供3A Οr2. 〇R' 3A 200400929 (c)將3A氫化以提供4A ;3A 4A ;及 (d)於氫化反應條件下’以甲酸銨或尺…出使4A還原胺 化’其中R^CCVCs)烷基,(C3-C7)環烷基,芳基, (CH2)n-芳基’雜環,(CH2)n-雜環,雜芳基,或(CH2)n-雜芳基,其中n是〇,1,2或3,然後水解。[H], R^Hg or HCO2NH4, 1 水解 4Α 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中式I化合物是普利佳 巴林(pregabalin)或3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸。 3. 4. 如申請專利範園第1項之方法,步驟(a),其中R’〇H是苯 甲醇。 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,步驟,其中R2RrCM0 是 Me、f"^MgBr Me Me MeY-cuBr ^b(〇H)2 1 he Me MgBr, y , Me MeCuBr Me 200400929 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,步騾(c),其使用pd/c作為 催化劑在三乙胺的存在下。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,步驟(d),其中還原胺化 反應是有效果的在使用甲酸銨、三乙胺、及Pd/C之氫化 反應條件下。 7. —種製備普利佳巴林之方法, Me λΧ. Me r ΌΗ A^A^NH2 普利佳巴林 其包含: (a)在酸的存在下,以苯曱胺處理黏氯酸或黏溴酸丨(其中 X是C1或Br)以提供2IV 旧、 ,其中 %是 MgBr ’ CuBr ’ (b)將 =Γ^Μι共軛加成至2是不存在或是鍵結;2〇〇4〇〇929 (c)將3B氫化以提供4B(d)使用甲酸銨使4B還原胺化,然後水解 及 0[H], HC02NH4 普利佳巴林 水解 8. —種製備式I化合物之方法 0其中:RA H’(CrC8)烷基,(C3-C7)環烷基,芳基,(CH2)n-芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n-雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n-雜芳 基,其中η是0,1,2或3 ;及 R_2及R2 ’係各自獨互為氯’直鍵或支鍵(C〖-C6)仅•基直 鏈或支鏈(C2-C7)婦烴基,(c3-c7)環烷基,烷基環炫基’ 烷基烷氧基,烷基苯基,烷基苯氧基,苯基或綏取代的 苯基; 其包含: (a)在甲酸銨或RMH2及酸催化劑的存在下,用還原劑 200400929 使黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是Cl或Br)還原胺化以提ΟΗ X X 供2C,於該ί^ΝΗ2 中,RAH’(CrC8)烷基 ’(C3-C7) 環烷基’芳基,(CH2)n-芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n_雜環 基’雜芳基,或(CH2)n-雜芳基,其中η是〇,1,2或3 〇 〇 X X [Η] 2C (b)將R2RrCM〇共軛加成至2C,其中m〇是MgBr、CuBr、 或B(OH)2以提供3C(c)將3C氫化以提供4C9.如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中式I化合物是普利佳 200400929 巴林(pregabalin)或3-胺基甲基-5-甲基辛酸。 10·如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,步驟(a),其中 IMHb是苯甲胺或R或S-1-苯基-乙胺; 還原劑是選自下列:氫化三乙驢氧納,棚氫化氰化 鈉’三乙基矽烷’ TKOiPrh/NaBHaCN,硼氫化物交換樹 脂,Zn/酷酸,棚氫化鋼/過氯酸鎂,或硼氫化鋅/氣化鋅· 酸催化劑是選自下列:醋酸,三氯醋酸,三氟醋酸, 甲酸,氯化鎂,三氟甲磺酸鎂,三氟化硼_乙醚複合物, A1C13 ’ FeCl3,ZnCl2,AlBr3 ’ ZnBr2,TiCl4,Sicl4,及 SnCu。 其中反應組份之計量化學是: (a) 1當量的黏氣酸; (b) 1至2當量的胺; (c) 1至3當量的還原劑;及 (d)足夠的HOAx以維持pH於約4至5間; 及時間是從約12小時至 及其中溫度是從約1〇。〇至约3〇°c 36小時。 如同專利範圍 如同專利範圍 11,如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,步驟(b) 第4項所提供。 12.如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,步驟(c) 第5項所提供。 13· 一種製備普利佳巴林之方法, Ο Me i^OH 普利佳巴林 200400929 其包含: (a)在苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺的存在下,使用硼氫化三乙 醯氧鈉使黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)還原胺 化以提供2D X 〇 XOH 1 〇 [H] 苯甲胺或1-苯基乙基胺H or Me Ph 2D (1>)將 Me'Ύ^^^^'SvCuBr或Me'ΎίίΓ's''B(OH)2共輛加成以提供 3B,其 Me MeMe3DH or Me Ph (c)將3D氫化以提供4D3D Me Ο200400929 :及 (d)鹼水解4D Ο 水解 普利佳巴林 Λ ΝΗMe 4D 14. 一種用於還原胺化黏鹵酸之方法,其包含: (a)使黏氯酸或黏溴酸1 (其中X是C1或Br)與還原劑、酸催 化劑、及R3NH2接觸以提供2E,其中R3是Η,(C丨-(:8)烷 基,(C3-C7)環烷基,芳基,(CH2)n-芳基,雜環基,(CH2)n-雜環基,雜芳基,或(CH2)n-雜芳基,其中η是0,1,2 或3。 ΟΟΗ [Η] R3NH2nr3 2E 200400929 柒、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第()圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: 捌、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: 〇I
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| US (2) | US20030225149A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1499583A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2005523932A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20040106415A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1649827A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR039467A1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2003219425A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0309743A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2483830A1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL164781A0 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04010771A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL373296A1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2004131840A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200400929A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2003093220A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI396743B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2013-05-21 | Warner Lambert Co | 前喀巴林(pregabalin)及相關化合物之製法 |
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| KR100491282B1 (ko) | 1996-07-24 | 2005-05-24 | 워너-램버트 캄파니 엘엘씨 | 통증 치료용 이소부틸가바 및 그의 유도체 |
| AU2005271693A1 (en) * | 2004-08-04 | 2006-02-16 | Foam Supplies, Inc. | Reactivity drift and catalyst degradation in polyurethane foam |
| CN101160281A (zh) * | 2005-04-06 | 2008-04-09 | 特瓦制药工业有限公司 | 结晶形态的普瑞巴林 |
| EP1768950A2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2007-04-04 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Process for making (s)-pregabalin |
| US7488846B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2009-02-10 | Teva Pharmaceuical Industries Ltd. | Pregabalin free of lactam and a process for preparation thereof |
| KR20090019016A (ko) * | 2005-05-10 | 2009-02-24 | 테바 파마슈티컬 인더스트리즈 리미티드 | 3-카르바모일메틸-5-메틸 헥산산의 광학 분할 |
| CA2604602A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Method for the preparation of pregabalin and salts thereof |
| CA2604600A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Pregabalin free of isobutylglutaric acid and a process for preparation thereof |
| CZ297970B6 (cs) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-05-09 | Zentiva, A. S | Zpusob výroby (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methyl-hexanové kyseliny (pregabalinu) |
| EP1802568A1 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-07-04 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Chiral 3-carbamoylmethyl-5-methyl hexanoic acids, key intermediates for the new synthesis of (s)-pregabalin |
| KR20080016658A (ko) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-02-21 | 테바 파마슈티컬 인더스트리즈 리미티드 | 3-이소부틸글루타르산의 합성 방법 |
| US7462738B2 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2008-12-09 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Processes for the preparation of R-(+)-3-(carbamoyl methyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid and salts thereof |
| EP1913147A2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2008-04-23 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd | The use of enzymatic resolution for the preparation of intermediates of pregabalin |
| WO2007143152A2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-13 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Preparation of (s)-pregabalin-nitrile |
| KR101036536B1 (ko) * | 2007-03-22 | 2011-05-24 | 테바 파마슈티컬 인더스트리즈 리미티드 | (s)-(+)-3-(아미노메틸)-5-메틸 헥산산의 합성 |
| WO2008127646A2 (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-23 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Transaminase-based processes for preparation of pregabalin |
| US20080302694A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Kenneth J. Gardner | Radiation curable coating composition derived from epoxidized vegetable oils |
| WO2009046309A2 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-09 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Pregabalin -4-eliminate, pregabalin 5-eliminate, their use as reference marker and standard, and method to produce pregabalin containing low levels thereof |
| JP2011507941A (ja) * | 2007-12-26 | 2011-03-10 | ジェネリクス・(ユーケー)・リミテッド | プレガバリンの製造方法 |
| EP2116618A1 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-11 | Agency for Science, Technology And Research | Diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease |
| WO2009158343A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-30 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. | Stereoselective enzymatic synthesis of (s) or (r)-iso-butyl-glutaric ester |
| US9133292B2 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2015-09-15 | Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. | Hydroxyl functional oil polyol acrylic graft copolymers |
| WO2011086565A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Lupin Limited | Method for preparation of enantiomerically enriched and/or racemic gamma-amino acids |
| EP2658893B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2019-01-02 | Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. | Radiation curable coating compositions for metal |
| GB201121317D0 (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2012-01-25 | Syngenta Ltd | Herbicidal compounds |
| EP2794703B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-07-20 | Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. | Solvent-based coating compositions |
| RU2606632C2 (ru) | 2011-12-21 | 2017-01-10 | Акцо Нобель Коатингс Интернэшнл Б.В. | Композиции на водной основе для получения покрытий |
| CA2905411A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals | Process and intermediates for the preparation of pregabalin |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3935210A (en) | 1971-07-29 | 1976-01-27 | Sandoz, Inc. | Preparation of 1-aryl-4,5-dihalo-pyridazone-6 |
| ES2165857T3 (es) * | 1992-05-20 | 2002-04-01 | Univ Northwestern | Analogos de gaba y acido l-glutamico para el tratamiento de trastornos del sistema nervioso central. |
| DZ2770A1 (fr) | 1998-04-17 | 2003-12-01 | Lilly Co Eli | Procédé de préparation de 1h-indol-3 glyoxamides substituées en position 4. |
| CA2333024C (en) | 1998-07-09 | 2002-03-26 | Warner-Lambert Company | Method for the treatment of insomnia |
| MXPA01012319A (es) * | 1999-06-10 | 2002-07-22 | Warner Lambert Co | Acidos 3-propil gama aminobutiricos mono y disubstituidos. |
-
2003
- 2003-02-13 US US10/365,430 patent/US20030225149A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-17 JP JP2004501360A patent/JP2005523932A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-17 KR KR10-2004-7017412A patent/KR20040106415A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-17 CN CNA038096412A patent/CN1649827A/zh active Pending
- 2003-04-17 PL PL03373296A patent/PL373296A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-17 WO PCT/IB2003/001646 patent/WO2003093220A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-17 AU AU2003219425A patent/AU2003219425A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-17 RU RU2004131840/04A patent/RU2004131840A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-17 CA CA002483830A patent/CA2483830A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-17 EP EP03715236A patent/EP1499583A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-17 BR BR0309743-9A patent/BR0309743A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-17 MX MXPA04010771A patent/MXPA04010771A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-23 US US10/421,350 patent/US6924377B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-28 AR ARP030101461A patent/AR039467A1/es unknown
- 2003-04-29 TW TW092110024A patent/TW200400929A/zh unknown
-
2004
- 2004-10-21 IL IL16478104A patent/IL164781A0/xx unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI396743B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2013-05-21 | Warner Lambert Co | 前喀巴林(pregabalin)及相關化合物之製法 |
| TWI399361B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2013-06-21 | Warner Lambert Co | 前喀巴林(pregabalin)及相關化合物之製法 |
| TWI402248B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2013-07-21 | Warner Lambert Co | 前喀巴林(pregabalin)及相關化合物之製法 |
| TWI405747B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2013-08-21 | Warner Lambert Co | 前喀巴林(pregabalin)及相關化合物之製法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0309743A (pt) | 2005-02-09 |
| AU2003219425A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 |
| IL164781A0 (en) | 2005-12-18 |
| WO2003093220A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
| RU2004131840A (ru) | 2005-05-27 |
| US6924377B2 (en) | 2005-08-02 |
| US20030236415A1 (en) | 2003-12-25 |
| MXPA04010771A (es) | 2005-03-07 |
| AR039467A1 (es) | 2005-02-23 |
| CA2483830A1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
| US20030225149A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
| PL373296A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 |
| JP2005523932A (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
| KR20040106415A (ko) | 2004-12-17 |
| CN1649827A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
| EP1499583A1 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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