TW200400199A - Hepatitis C inhibitor tri-peptides - Google Patents
Hepatitis C inhibitor tri-peptides Download PDFInfo
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- TW200400199A TW200400199A TW092102241A TW92102241A TW200400199A TW 200400199 A TW200400199 A TW 200400199A TW 092102241 A TW092102241 A TW 092102241A TW 92102241 A TW92102241 A TW 92102241A TW 200400199 A TW200400199 A TW 200400199A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- hcv
- hepatitis
- solution
- mmol
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0827—Tripeptides containing heteroatoms different from O, S, or N
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/06—Tripeptides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0802—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
- C07K5/0804—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
- C07K5/0808—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. Val, Ile, Leu
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/08—Tripeptides
- C07K5/0802—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
- C07K5/0812—Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aromatic or cycloaliphatic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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Description
200400199 ⑴ $、發明說明 說月£敘明·發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明 技術領域 ,) :I月係關於化合物,其合成方法,組合物及治療c型 肝炎病母(HCV)感染的方法。具體地說,本發明提供新穎 月太類似物,含此類似物的醫藥組合物及使用此類似物治療 Hcv感染的方法。 先前技術 C型肝炎病毒(HCV)是世界上輸血後及接觸獲得的非 非-B肝炎的主要病因劑。據估計,世界上有超過二億人受 此病母感染。有高百分比的帶病毒者變成慢性感染,其中 多數發展成慢性肝病,即所謂慢性C型肝炎。而這群人又 成為嚴重肝疾病如肝硬化,肝細胞癌及導至死亡的肝病的 高危險群。 HCV確立病毒抗性的機轉及導致慢性肝病高發生率的 原因現尚不完全明瞭。現尚不知HCV如何與宿主免疫系統 互動及避開宿主免疫系統。此外,有關避免Hcv感染及疾 病的細胞及體液免疫反應詳情現也尚未確定。據報告,免 疫球蛋白可預防輸血引起的病毒性肝炎,但疾病控制中心 (the Center for Disease Controlw尚未推薦免疫球蛋白治療用 於此目的。有效的保護性免疫反應的缺乏妨礙了疫苗的發 展或適宜的曝露後預防手段,所以近期内希望仍寄託於對 抗病毒的干擾。 各臨床研究的目的在確定能有效地治療受慢性c型肝 炎困擾的病人的HCV感染的醫藥劑。此等研究包括使用心 200400199 (2) 發明說明續頁 干擾素,單獨使用或其他抗病毒劑合併使用。此類研究顯 示有相當數目的受試驗者對此類治療無反應,也有相當多 受試者有不錯的反應,有大部分發現在治療完後復發。 直到最近,干擾素(IFN)是臨床上唯一證明對慢性C型肝 炎有利的治療。但其持續反應率仍低,而且干擾素治療也 會引起嚴重的副作用(即視網膜病變,甲狀腺炎,急性胰 臟炎,憂鬱症),此等副作用降低了接受治療的病人的生 活品質。最近已許可對單獨使用IFN無反應的病人合併使 用干擾素與病毒嗤(ribavirin)。但由IFN所致的副作用並未 因使用此合併治療而減輕。聚乙二醇型的干擾素如 PEG-Intron®及Pegasys®能明顯地部分指出此等有害的副作 用,但仍未取得治療HCV的供口服的抗病毒藥物。 所以,現在需要發展出治療HCV的克服現有的藥物治療 限制的有效的抗病毒劑。
HCV是黃病毒科有包膜的正鏈RNA病毒。單鏈HCV RNA 基因組的長度約9500個核甞酸,具有編碼約3000個胺基酸 的單一大多蛋白的開放讀架(ORF)。於受感染的細胞内, 此多蛋白由細胞及病毒蛋白酶於多位裂解生成結構蛋白 及非結構蛋白(NS)。於HCV的情形,成熟非結構蛋白(NS2 ,NS3,NS4A,NS4B,NS5A,及NS5B)之增殖是由二種病毒 蛋白酶完成。第一種,現尚未完全明瞭其特性,於NS2-NS3 連接處(過去稱NS2/3蛋白酶)裂解;第二種為絲胺酸蛋白酶 ,含於NS3 (NS3蛋白酶)的N-端區,引發NS3下流所有順式 ,於NS3-NS4A裂解位,及反式剩餘的NS4A-NS4B,NS4B-NS5A 200400199 發明說明續頁 ,NS5 A-NS5B位的裂解。NS4A蛋白質有多種功能,有NS3 蛋白酶的輔因子的作用,並可能有助於N S 3膜及其他病毒 複製酶成分的定位。N S 3蛋白酶與NS4A之複合形成(complex formation)在所有位的加工(processing events),增進蛋白水解 上似是必需的。NS3蛋白也是展現核苷三磷酸酶及RNA解 旋酶活性。NS5B是涉及HCV複製的RNA-依賴性RNA聚合 酶。 發展抗病毒劑的一般策略是純化(inactivat)病毒複製所 必需的病毒編碼的酶。 下面是最近幾年所公告的揭示HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑肽 類似物的專利申請案,此等HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑肽類似 物不同於本發明化合物: GB 2,337,262 ; JP 10298151 ; JP 1 1 126861 ; JP 1 1292840 ; JP 2001-103993 ; US 6,159,938 ; US 6,187,905 ; WO 97/43310 ; WO 98/17679; WO 98/22496; WO 98/46597; WO 98/46630; WO 99/38888 ;WO 99/50230 ; WO 99/64442 ; WO 99/07733 ; WO 99/07734 ; WO 00/09543 ; WO 00/009558 ; WO 00/20400 ; WO 00/59929 ; WO 00/31 129; WO 01/02424; WO 01/07407; WO 01/16357; WO 01/32691 ;WO 01/40262 ; WO 01/58929 ; WO 01/64678 ; WO 01/74768 ; WO 01/77113 ; WO 01/81325 ; WO 02/08187 ; WO 02/08198 ; WO 02/08244; WO 02/08251; WO 02/08256; WO 02/18369; WO 02/80926 及WO 02/79234。 本發明的一個優點是本發明提供三肽化合物,其抑制C 型肝炎病毒複製所必需的N S 3蛋白酶。而且,此等化合物 200400199 (4) 發明說明續貢 能抑制複製子細胞模型内的HCV RNA複製。 本發明一方面另一優點是此等化合物特異地抑制ns3 蛋白酶而對其他絲蛋白酶如人白細胞彈性蛋白酶(hle), 豬胰彈性蛋白酶(PPE),或牛胰凝乳蛋白酶,或半胱胺酸蛋 白酶如人肝組織蛋白酶B (Cat B)並不顯示明顯的抑制活性。 發明内容 本發明範圍内包括式(丨)化合物: N-R2
(1) ,氰基 或 其+乂 WHS〇2RlA;其中以是^8)统基,(C 基或{(Cu)烷基彳Γ # 3-7)衣燒基},其都是視需要以_,氰 ,硝基,0-(<:! 6)烩 Λ 、 土’驗胺基或苯基作1至3次取代的, R 是 c6sc10芳基,Α 3 、卜甘 /、疋視需要以ΐ ,氰基,硝基,(Cw) k 基,0-((^-6)境其 , 土 驅胺基或苯基作i至3次取代的;R2 疋(C4_6)環烷基;r3 3 美· + *敕— 疋-丁基或(Cs·6)環烷基及R4是(C4-6)環烷 基’或其醫樂上可接受的鹽。 本發明範園内句k 效吾沾4 人 -木肌,其含步 欢里的式I化合物< ^ A其治療上可接辱沾祿 醫藥μ 拉心 v妖又的鹽 货未上可接文的裁 興^介質或助劑。 根據本發明一具 以a貫她例,本發明醫藥組合物尚含干擾 L括酋藥組合物, 炎病毒有
量的尤T化厶L 、、 . /、口 & I ,及與其混合的 -10- 200400199 (5) 聲明說明續頁 素(聚乙一醇型或非聚乙二醇型的),或病毒峻,或一或多 種抗-HCV劑,或以上諸劑的任何混合物。 本發明另一重要方面包括藉給予哺乳動物抗C型肝炎 病毒有效量的式I化合物,其治療上可接受的鹽,或上述 組合物’單獨給予或與或多種干擾素(聚乙二醇型或非聚 乙二醇型),或病毒唑,或一或多種其他抗-HCV劑一起給 予或分別給予以治療C型肝炎病毒感染的方法。 本發明另一重要方面包括藉給予哺乳動物抗C型肝炎 病毒有效量的式I化合物,其治療上可接受的鹽,或上述 組合物,單獨給予或與或多種干擾素(聚乙二醇型或非聚 乙二醇型),或病毒攻,或一或多種其他抗-HCV劑一起給 予或分別給予以預防C型肝炎病毒感染的方法。 本發明範圍還包括式I化合物,如此處所述者,在製成 藥物以治療或預防C型肝炎病毒感染的用途。 實施方式 定義 如此處所述,下述定義除非另有說明適用於: 在述及各實例時,(R)或(S)用以指示式I化合物取代基 之絕對構形或不對稱中心,此指示是用於整個化合物之說 明而非只用於取代基或不對稱中心的說明。 此“PI,P2,及P3”意謂從肽類似物C-端開始延伸至N-端 的胺基酸殘基的位置(即P1是指從C-端開始的1位,P2是指 從C-端開始的2位,依此類推)(見Berger A. & Schechter I·, Transactions of the Royal Society London series B257, 249-264 200400199 ⑹ 發明說明續頁 (1970)” 此處所謂“乙烯基-ACCA”意謂下式化合物:
〇 即,(1R,2S) 1-胺基-2-乙晞基環丙基羧酸。 此處所謂“(CN8)烷基”一詞,不管單獨使用或與另一取代 基共同使用,意謂非環形直鏈或支鏈烷基取代基,含1至8 個碳原子,包括,例如,甲基,乙基,2-甲基丙基,1,1-二甲基乙基,及辛基。 此處所謂“(C3_7)環烷基”一詞,不論單獨使用或與其他取 代基一起使用,意謂環烷基取代基,其含3至7個碳原子, 包括環丙基,環丁基,環戊基,環己基及環庚基。 此處所謂“{(C^)烷基-(Cw)環烷基}”一詞,意謂含3至6 個碳原子的環烷基,直接鍵合於含1至6個碳原子的^伸烷基 上;例如環丙基甲基,環戊基乙基,環己基甲基,環己基 乙基。在尺^是{((^_6)烷基-(CU6)環烷基}時,此基團是經由 (Cu)烷基(即伸烷基部分)聯於S02上。 此處所謂“C6或C10芳基”一詞,不論單獨使用或其他基團 合併使用,意謂含6個碳原子的芳香族單環基團或含1 0個 碳原子的芳香族雙環基團。例如芳基包括苯基,1 _莕基或 2-萘基。 此處所謂“0-((^_6)烷基”一詞,不論單獨使用或與其他基 團合併使用,意謂烷基,其中烷基之定義如上述 200400199 ⑺ 發明說明續頁 ,含達六個竣原子,包括甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基,1-甲基乙氧基,丁氧基,及1,1-二甲基乙氧基。後一基團一 般稱作第三-丁氧基。 此處所謂“鹵”一詞意謂選自溴,氯,氟或碘的鹵素取代 基。
此處所謂“醫藥上可接受的鹽”一詞意謂式(1)化合物的 鹽,其在正確的醫學判斷範圍内,適用於與人及低等動物 的組織接觸而無毒性,刺激性,過敏反應等,具有合理的 利益/風險比,一般是水溶性或油溶性,或是易分散的,在 其使用上是有效的。此詞包括醫藥上可接受的酸加成鹽及 醫藥上可接受的鹼加成鹽。適宜的鹽的表見於·· S. M. Birge et al·,J. Pharm· Sci·,1977, ϋ,頁 1-19,今全文附上供參考。 “醫藥上可接受的酸加成鹽”一詞意謂保有生物效果的 及自由態驗性質的,並且是非生物上或其他方面不需要的 ,其是與無機酸如鹽酸,氫溴酸,硫酸,胺基磺酸,硝酸 ,磷酸,等,及有機酸如醋酸,三氟醋酸,己二酸,抗壞 血酸,天冬胺酸,苯磺酸,苯甲酸,丁酸,樟腦酸,樟腦 _ 磺酸,肉桂酸,檸檬酸,二葡糖酸,乙烷磺酸,穀胺酸, 乙醇酸,甘油基磷酸,半硫酸,己酸,甲酸,富馬酸,2 -羥基乙烷磺酸(羥乙磺酸),乳酸,羥基馬來酸,蘋果酸, ' 丙二酸,扁桃酸,三甲基苯磺酸,甲烷磺酸,萘磺酸,菸 -鹼酸,2-萘磺酸,草酸,雙羥莕酸,果膠酯酸,苯基醋酸 ,3 -苯基丙酸,新戊酸,丙酸,丙酮酸,水楊酸,硬脂酸 ,丁二酸,對胺基苯磺酸,酒石酸,對-甲苯磺酸,十一 -13 - 200400199 ⑻ 發明說明續頁 碳燒酸,等所成的鹽。
“醫藥上可接受的鹼加成鹽”一詞意謂保有生物效果的 及自由態酸性質的,並且是非生物上或其他方面不需要的 ,其是與無機鹼如氨或氫氧化物,銨金屬陽離子如鈉,鉀 ,鋰,鈣,鎂,鐵,鋅,銅,錳,鋁等的碳酸鹽或碳酸氫 鹽所成的鹽。特佳的是铵,钾,鋼,#5,及鑊鹽。由醫藥 上可接受的有機的無毒的驗衍生的鹽包括初級,二級,及 三級胺,四級胺化合物,經取代的胺,包括天然的經取代 的胺,環形胺及鹼離子交換樹脂,如甲基胺,二甲基胺, 三甲基胺,乙基胺,二乙基胺,三乙基胺,異丙基胺,三 丙基胺,三丁基胺,乙醇胺,二乙醇胺,2 -二甲基胺基乙 醇,2 -二乙基胺基乙醇,二環己基胺,賴胺酸,精胺酸, 組胺酸,咔啡因,哈胺青黴素,膽鹼,甜菜鹼,伸乙基二 胺,葡糖胺,甲基葡糖胺,可可鹼,嘌呤,六氫吡畊,六 氫p比淀,N -乙基六氫峨淀,四甲基铵化合物,四乙基銨 化合物,吡啶,N,N-二甲基苯胺,N-甲基六氫吡啶,N-甲基嗎啉,二環己基胺,二苄基胺,N,N-二苄基苯乙胺, 1-ephenamine,N,N’-二苄基伸乙基二胺,聚胺樹脂等所成的 鹽。特佳的有機無毒性鹼是異丙基胺,二乙基胺,乙醇胺 ,三曱基胺,二環己基胺,膽鹼及咔啡因。 此處所謂“抗病毒劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内病 毒生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。包括干擾哺 乳動物内病毒生成及/或複製機轉的劑。抗病毒劑包括,例 如,病毒 口坐,金鋼胺,VX-497 (merimepodib,Vertex Pharmaceuticals) -14- 200400199 (9) 發明說明續頁 ,VX-498 (Vertex Pharmaceuticals),Levovirin,Viramidine,Ceplene (maxamine),XTL-001 及XTL-002 (XTL Biopharmaceuticals) 0 此處所謂“其他抗-HCV劑”一詞意謂減少或預防有關C 型肝炎疾病症狀的進行的劑。此類劑可選自:免疫調節劑 ,HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑或HCV生命週期中另一標的抑制 劑。 此處所謂“免疫調節劑”一詞意謂有效增強哺乳動物免 疫系統反應的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。免疫調節劑包括, 例如,I類干擾素(如α -,β,δ-及ω -干擾素,T -干擾素, 共有區干擾素及脫唾液酸干擾素(asialo-interferons)),II類 干擾素(如γ-干擾素)及聚乙二醇型干擾素。 此處所謂“HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺 乳動物HCV NS3蛋白酶的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。HCV NS3 蛋白酶抑制劑包括 WO 99/07733,WO 99/07734,WO 00/09558 或 WO 00/09543 或 WO 00/59929及 Vertex/Eli Lilly預發展候補確 證為VX-950或LY-570301,所述的化合物。 此處所謂“HCV生活週期中另一標的抑制劑”意謂有效 抑制哺乳動内HCV生成及/或複製的而非抑制HCV NS3蛋 白酶功能的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干擾寄主或 HCV病毒於哺乳動物内生成及/或HCV複製所需的機轉的 劑。HCV生活週期内另一標的抑制劑包括,例如,抑制選 自解旋酶及HCV NS2/3蛋白酶的劑。HCV生活週期内另一 標的抑制劑的特定例包括JTK-003/002 (Japan Tabacco)及ISIS-14803 (ISIS Pharmaceuticals) 。 200400199 (ίο) 發明說明續頁 此處所謂“HIV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 HI V生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干擾 HIV於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機轉 的劑。HIV抑制劑包括,例如,核甞抑制劑,非核苷抑制 劑,蛋白酶抑制劑,融合抑制劑及整合酶抑制劑。
此處所謂“HAV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 H A V生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干 擾HAV於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機 轉的劑。HAV抑制劑包括Α型肝炎疫苗,例如,Havrix® (GlaxoSmithKline),VAQAT® (Merck)及Avaxim® (Aventis Pasteur) 0 此處所謂“HBV抑制劑”一詞意謂有效抑制哺乳動物内 HBV生成及/或複製的劑(化合物或生物製劑)。此包括干 擾HBV於哺乳動物内生成及/或複製所需的寄主或病毒機 轉的劑。HBV抑制劑包括,例如,抑制HBV病毒,DNA聚 合酶或HBV疫苗的劑。HBV抑制劑的特定例包括
Lamivudine (Epivir-HBV®),Adefovir Dipivoxil,Entecavir, FTC (Coviracil@),DAPD (DXG),L-FMAU (Clevudine®),AM365 (Amrad),·
Ldt (Telbivudine),monoval-LdC (Valtorcitabine), ACH-126,443 (L-Fd4C)(Achillion),MCC478 (Eli Lilly),Racivir (RCV),Fluoro-L 及0核替,Robustaflavone,ICN 2001-3 (ICN),Bam 205 (Novelos), XTL-001 (XTL),Imino-Sugars (Nonyl-DNJ)(Synergy),HepBzyme ; 及免疫調節劑產物如:干擾素oc-2b,HE2000 (Hollis-Eden), Theradigm (Epimmune), EHT899 (Enzo Biochem), Thymosin a-1 (Zadaxin®),HBV DNA疫苗(PowderJect),HBV DNA疫苗(Jefferon -16- 200400199 (11) 發閉餘鴨續潇
Center),HBV抗原(OraGen),BayHep B® (Bayer),Nabi-HB® (Nabi) 及Anti-hepatitis B (Cangene),及HBV疫苗產物如·· Engerix B, Recombivax HB,GenHevac B,Hepacare,Bio-Hep B,TwinRix,
Comvax, Hexavac 0 此處所渭“ I類干擾素”意謂選自都結合於〗型受體的干 擾素。此包括天然的及合成的丨類干擾素。I類干擾素的例 包括α-,β,ω-干擾素,T-干擾素,共有區干擾素及脫唾 液酸干擾素。 此處所明11類干擾素”意謂選自都給合於11型受體的干 擾素。II類干擾素的例包括γ _干擾素。 本發明醫藥組合物可含一或多種另外的活性劑,選自, 例如,抗病毒劑,免疫調節劑,其他Hcv NS3蛋白酶抑命 劑,HCV生活凋期中另一標的抑制劑,只丨乂抑制劑,Hav 抑制劑,及HBV抑制劑。此類劑的例見以上定義段内 此類劑中較佳的例如下: 抗病毒劑:病毒唑及金鋼胺;
免疫調節劑:I類干擾素,Π類干擾素及聚 擾素; ’其抑制標的選自. 内部核糖體進入位體 HCV生活週期中另一標的抑制劑 N S 3解旋酶,HCV NS2/3蛋白酶或 (IRES);
Hiv抑制劑:核:y:抑制劑,非核苷 一 抑制劑,蛋白鷗抑制 劑’融合抑制劑及整合酶抑制劑;戈 -17- 200400199 _ (12) 發明說明續頁
HB V抑制劑:抑制HBV病毒DNA聚合酶的劑,或是HBV 疫苗。 如前所述,可考慮合併治療,其中是將式(1)化合物, 或其醫藥上可接受的鹽與至少一種另外的劑一起給予,此 另外的劑是選自:抗病毒劑,免疫調節劑,另一種HCV NS3 蛋白酶抑制劑,另一種HCV生活週期内標的抑制劑,HIV 抑制劑,HAV抑制劑,及HBV抑制劑。此類劑的例見上定 義段所述。此等另外的劑可與本發明化合物合併製成單一 醫藥劑形。或者是,此等另外的劑可作為多種劑形的一部 分給予病人,例如,使用套件給予。此等另外的劑可於給 予式(1)化合物,或其醫藥上可接受的鹽,之前、同時、 或之後給予病人。 此處所謂“治療”一詞意謂給予本發明化合物或組合物 以減輕或排除C型肝炎疾病症狀及/或減少病人病毒載量。 此處所謂“預防”一詞意謂在個體曝露於病毒後但尚未 出現症狀前,及/或在血中檢查出病毒前,給予本發明化 合物或組合物。 較佳具體實施例 較佳是,上述式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,NHS02Me, NHS02-環丙基,或NHS02Ph。更佳是R1是NHS02-環丙基或 NHS02Ph。或者最佳是R1是羥基。 較佳是上述式1化合物,其中R2是環戊基或環己基。更 佳是R2是環戊基。 R3較佳是t-丁基或環己基。最佳是R3是t_ 丁基。 200400199 (13) 翁明說明續頁 較佳是如上界定的式1化合物,其中R4是環丁基或環戊 基。更佳是R4為環戊基。 更佳是上述式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2及R4各是環 戊基及R3是t-丁基。 更佳是式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2是環丁基,R3是t-丁基及R4是環戊基。 更佳是式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2是環己基,R3是t-丁基及R4是環戊基。 更佳是R1是NHS02Ph,R2及R4各是環戊基及R3是t- 丁基 更佳是式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2是環戊基,R3是t-丁基及R4是環丁基。 更佳是式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2是環戊基,R3是t-丁基及R4是環己基。 更佳是式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2及R4各是環戊基 及R3是環己基。 更佳是上述式1化合物,其中R1是羥基,R2,R3及R4各是 壤戊基。 根據另一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含另一抗 -HCV劑。抗-HCV劑的例包括α-,β-,δ-,γ-,或ω-干擾 素,病毒唑及金鋼胺。 根據又一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含另一抗 -HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑。 根據又一具體實施例,本發明組合物可尚含HCV生活週 期中其他標的抑制劑,包括,但不限於,解旋酶,NS2/3 (14) (14)200400199 發明說明續頁 蛋白酶或内部核糖體進入位點(ires)。 本發明醫藥組合物可經口,非 非經%或經植入的儲存器达 予。較佳是經口給予或以注射认 , 珩、.Ό 丁。本發明醫藥组合物可 含任何習用的無毒醫藥載劑’助劑或載體。在 ,調配物ΡΗ可用醫藥上可接受的酸、驗或緩衝;二 增強已調配的化合物或其投送 、j女疋性。此處所謂非 經腸包括皮下,皮内,靜脈内 U ^ 關即内,滑膜於 内,胸骨内,鞘膜内,及病 灶内,王射或輸液技術。 本發明醫藥組合物可以是、、成科、、 疋減囷〉王射製劑形式,例如滅菌 的可注射的水性或油性懸浮液。、 從此寺懸汗硬可根據此技蓺 已知技術用適宜的分散劑戎、、爲 "" 刀收片】次濕潤劑(如吐溫8〇)及懸浮 調配。 本發明醫藥組合物可以任何 」接文的劑形經口給予,包 括但不限於’膠囊,錠,及永地 水性懸汙液與溶液。如係用錠 作經口給予。一般使用的載劑包括乳糖及玉米澱粉。也可 加滑潤劑如硬脂酸鎂。以膠囊形式作經口給予時,可用的 稀釋劑包括乳糖及乾玉米澱粉。在以水性懸浮液作經口給 予時,是將活性成分與乳化劑或懸浮劑護合。如有必要, 可加某些甘味劑及/或矯味劑及/或增色劑。 供上述調配物及組合物用的其他適宜的載劑或載體見 於標準醫藥文件,例如 “Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences”, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th Ed. Mack Publishing Company,Easton,Penn·,(1995) 0 劑量水平是約每天每公斤體重0·01至約100毫克之間, -20- 200400199 (15) 發明說吸續頁 較佳是約每天每公斤體重0.1至約5 0毫克此處所述蛋白酶 抑制劑化合物用作單一治療以預防及治療由HCV引起的 疾病。一般是以本發明醫藥組合物每天給予約1至約5次, 或是以連續輸液給予。此種給予可用作慢性和急性治療。 可與載劑物質合併製成單一劑形的活性成分的量可視要 治療的宿主及特定給予方式而變化。典型製劑可含約5 % 至約9 5 %活性化合物(重量/重量)。較佳是此種製劑含約 2 0 %至約8 0 %活性化合物。
精於此技藝者會了解到,可能需較上述劑量為低或高的 劑量。特定病人所需的特定劑量及治療方案可取決於各種 因素,包括所用特定化合物的活性,年齡,體重,一般健 康情況,性別,飲食,給予時間,排出速度,合用藥物, 感染的嚴重性及感染過程,病人感染的情況及醫生的判斷 。一般而言,治療是以較肽的適度劑量為小的劑量開始。 所以,劑量是從小幅增加直至達適當效果。一般而言,化 合物最需要是以產生抗病毒效果而不產生不良副作用的 濃度給予。 當本發明組合物含式1化合物及一或多種其他治療劑或 預防劑時,此化合物及另外的劑在一劑量内的含量約1 0至 100%,較佳是單一治療方案所給予的劑量的約1 0至80%。 當此等化合物或其醫藥上可接受的鹽與醫藥上可接受 的載劑一起調配時,所得組合物可活體内給予哺乳動物, 如人,以抑制HCV NS3蛋白酶或治療或預防HCV病毒感染 。此種治療也可以本發明化合物與其他的劑混合達成,此 -21 - 200400199 發明說明續頁- (16) 等劑包括,但不限於’ α-’ β-’ 3-’①-,或丫 -干擾素,病 毒唑及金鋼胺;其他HCV NS3蛋白酶抑制劑;其他HCV生 活週期標的抑制劑,包括但不限於解旋酶,NS2/3蛋白酶 ,或内部核糖體進入位點(IRES);或其混合物。此等另外 的劑可與本發明化合物製成單一劑形。或者是,此等另外 的劑可作為多劑形的一部分分別給予哺乳動物。 因之,本發明另一具體實施例提供藉給予式I化合物抑 制哺乳動物内HCV NS3蛋白酶活性的方法。 於較佳具體實施例中’此方法用於降低感染哺乳動物的 C型肝炎病毒NS3蛋白酶活性的方法。 如果醫藥組合物只含本發明化合物作為活性成分,此法 還包括給予該哺乳動物選自色疫調節劑,抗病毒劑,HCv NS3蛋白酶抑制劑’或其他HCV生活週期標的抑制劑如解 旋酶,NS2/3蛋白酶或IRES的劑。此等另外的劑可在給予 本發明組合物之前、同時、或之後給予哺乳動物。 劑。本發明化合 所以減少接觸此 物’實驗室儀器 或醫務人員或病 此處所述式1化合物也可用作實驗室試 物也可用以治療或預防物料的病毒污染, 類物料(例如血液,組織,外科器材及衣 及衣物,血液收集設備及物料)及實驗室 人的病毒感染的危險性。 此處所述式1化合物也可用作研究試劑。 4式1化合物也可 用作正面對煦以完成細胞為基礎的鑑定 ,.^ 、 及活肢外或活 内病毒複製鑑定。 本發明其他詳情以下述實例說明,應 螂到此寺實例並 -22- 200400199 1聲明歲嗯續頁 非限制後附由$主由 仃甲清專利範圍。 方法論 一般而言’式1化合物及其中間體是以已知方法用適於 反應物的條件製備 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ' 丁灰爾。有數種万法揭不於WO 00/09543,w〇 00/09558及美國專利6,323,180號。 式I化合物,其中r1是如此處所述的Nhs〇2R1a,係藉偶 合對應的式I之故(即^是技基)與適宜的式RiAg〇2NH2之;^ 醒胺在有偶合劑之存在下以標準條件製備。雖則可用數種 已知的偶合劑,現發現TBTU及HATU是實用的。此磺醯胺 · 可由市場購得,或可用已知方法製備。 下列方案說明用二種習用的方法製備R1為OH的式1化 合物。 方案1 :
Χ= Ο, NH 〇 4 ΟΓ 5
7a
N -R2 nh2
R1是OH的 式I化合物 -23- 200400199 _ (18) 發明說明續頁
R1是OH的式I化合物 實例 溫度以攝氏度表示。除非另有說明,溶液百分比表現重 量/容積關係,溶液比表現容積/容積關係。核磁共振(NMR) 譜以Bruker 400 MHz分光計記錄;化學位移(δ)以每百萬分之 份報告。閃色層分析以二氧化矽膠(Si02)根據Still氏閃色層 分析技術進行(W. C· Still et al.,J. Org. Chem.,(1978),43, 2923)。 實例中所用縮寫包括:DBU : 1,8-偶氮雙環[5.4.0]十一碳 -7-烯;DCM :二氯甲烷;DIEA :二異丙基乙基胺;DIPEA ·· 二異丙基乙基胺;DMF : N,N-二甲基甲醯胺;DMAP : 4-(二 曱基胺基)吡啶;EtOAc ··醋酸乙酯;HATU ·· [0-7-氮雜苯并三 唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基錄六氟磷酸鹽];HPLC :高效液體色 層分析;MS :質譜(MALDI-TOF: Matrix Assisted Laser Disorption Ionization-Time of Flight, FAB: Fast Atom Bombardment); Me::甲 -24- 200400199
發明說明續頁 基;MeOH:甲鮮;Ph:苯基;R.T.:室溫(18至 22。〇; tert_butry 或t-butyl : 1,1-一甲基乙基;Tbg :第三-丁基甘胺酸:第三 -亮胺酸;TBTU : 2-(m-苯并三唑-1-基),l,i,3,3-四甲基錁 四氟硼酸鹽;TFA :三氟醋酸;及THF :四氫呋喃。 式(I)化合物之合成: 二肽中間體1 5 (方案2)及2 -甲酯基-4 -羥基-7 -甲氧基喹 啉9 (方案1)是根據w〇 00/09543所述方法合成。 二肽1之合成
將Boc-羥基脯胺酸(50.0克,216毫莫耳),乙婦基-ACCA甲 基酯(42.25克,238毫莫耳,1·1當量),TBTU (76.36克,238毫 莫耳,1.1當量)及DIPEA (113毫升,649毫莫耳,3當量)於 DMF (800毫升)内的混合物在氮氣下於室溫攪拌。3.5小時 後,蒸發溶劑,殘餘物用Et0Ac萃取。萃取物用鹽酸(10%) _ ,飽和碳酸氫鈉及鹽水洗。然後將有機相於硫酸鎂上乾燥 ,過滹,蒸發,得油體。於高真空乾燥過夜後’得二肽1,為 普色泡沫(72.0克’ 94% ’以HPLC測定純度>95%)。 二肽 ,
200400199 (20) 發明說明續頁 將二肽1 (72.0克,203亳莫耳),三苯基膦(63.94克,243毫 莫耳,1.2當量)及4-硝基苯甲酸(41.08克,245.8毫莫耳,1·2 當量)溶於無水THF (1 ·4公升)内。將此攪:掉的溶液在氮氣 下冷至0°C。然後用45分鐘滴加二乙基氮二羧酸酯(38.4毫 升,244毫莫耳,1·2當量),任反應物升至室溫。4小時後 ,蒸發溶劑。將殘餘物分成四部分。每一部分都於細二氧 化矽膠(1 0 - 4 0微米網眼,柱直徑1 2公分,柱長1 6公分)上 用梯度2 : 1己烷/EtOAc至1 : 1己烷/EtOAc至純EtOAc作色層 分析純化。以此方式得B〇c-二肽醋2,經蒸發溶劑並於高 真空於70°C乾燥1小時後為無定形白色固體(1〇81克,定量 -105%)。於此Boc-二肽酯2 (1〇8克,243毫莫耳)加4N鹽酸於 二吟烷内的溶液後,得無色溶液。將此溶液於室溫攪拌i 小時。蒸發溶劑,將殘餘物置於高真空下3小時,得化合 物3的鹽酸鹽,為無定形固體。此固體即可以原狀使用。 胺基甲酸酯4之合成 胺基甲_酯4&之_製
於o°c於第三-丁基甘胺酸甲基酯(590亳克,3.25毫莫耳) 於THF (8毫升)·内的溶液中加乙烯基氯甲酸酿(〇·55毫升, 6.47毫莫耳)及三乙基胺(1·15毫升,8·25毫莫耳)。任此溫度 升至室溫。將溶液攪拌16小時。然後濃縮溶液,將殘餘物 溶於EtOAc内。此EtOAc溶液用10%擰檬酸水溶液(2χ),飽 -26- 200400199 (21) I發明說明續著: 和NaHC〇3水溶液(2χ)及鹽洗,乾燥,濃縮,得對應的乙烯 基胺基甲酸酯(608¾克)’為無色油體。將此油體溶於dcm (4毫升)内,冷至0°C ,加二碘甲烷(015毫升,186毫莫耳) 及二乙基鋅(95微升,〇·93毫莫耳)。先出現白色固體,但 隨時間(約1小時)溶解。將此懸浮液/溶液於室溫攪拌5小 時。加飽和氯化銨溶液,此溶液用Et〇Ac (2χ)萃取。將有 機萃取物乾燥(MgS〇4)並濃縮。殘餘物作閃色層分析純化 。用己烷:EtOAc 95:5洗離,得對應的甲基酯,為無色油 體(96毫克,90%產出率)。 將此甲基酯(93毫克,0.41毫莫耳)於THF (5毫升),Me〇H 毫升)及LiOH(45毫克,1.81毫莫耳)於水(2毫升)内的溶液攪 拌4小時。此溶液用水稀擇,用Et〇Ac (2χ)萃取。水溶液藉 加IN HC1酸化,酸性溶液用m〇Ac (2χ)萃取。將合併之有機 萃取物乾燥(MgS〇4),過遽,蒸發,#所需胺基甲酸酿4a ,為白色固體(53毫克,6〇0/〇產出率)。 殷_基甲酸酯4b之製t
ZLn 將THF (350毫升)知认壯丄 ;I有碳酸環戊基酯2,5-二氧-峨 哫-1-基酯(9.00克;39 # 比 47 S古# 、、吟/ •毛旲耳)及第三-丁基甘胺酸(6.24 j 47.5¾旲耳)< 燒瓶内, t λ ^ 生成懸浮液。在強烈攪拌下加蒗 水(100¾升)。剩有少 · …、 ^ . ♦固肢未溶解。然後加三乙基胺fl 耄升;119毫莫耳),4 ^ 句勻溶液’將此溶液在室溫下 -27- 200400199 (22) I發明說明續質 拌。2.5小時後,蒸發THF,水性殘餘物用水(1〇〇毫升)稀釋 。加1 N HaOH (25毫升-終PH>10)使溶液成鹼性。此溶液用 EtOAc (2x200毫升)洗,用1NHC1 (約7〇毫升終pH〉2)酸化。 此混濁溶液用EtOAc (200+150毫升)萃取。將萃取物乾燥 (MgS〇4) ’条發’得胺基甲酸醋4b,為白色固體(8.68克)。 其他胺基甲酸酯之製備 用上述工序用第三-丁基甘胺酸,環戊基甘胺酸,或環 己基甘胺酸及碳酸環丁基、環戊基、或環己基酯2,5_二氧_ 外匕咯淀-1 -基醋,製得如下各式的胺基甲酸g旨:
α αα α
脲5之製備
-28- 200400199 (23) 發明說明續眞 ,飽和 NaHC03 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS04), 過濾並蒸發,得粗製化合物,為近無色油體(3.73克;>100% :設想為9·89毫莫耳)。將此粗製產物(1.01克,2.97毫莫耳) 溶於DMSO (6·5毫升)内,滴加環戊基胺。此反應混合物用 EtOAc稀釋。有機相用1〇%擰檬酸(2χ),水(2χ),飽和NaHC03 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水(ΐχ)洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾並蒸發, 得粗製環脲-Tbg-OBn產物,為近無色油體。此粗製物質用 二氧化矽作閃色層分析純化,用己烷·· EtOAc 9:1除去較少 極化雜質,及用7 : 3己烷:EtOAc洗離純化產物,為黏稠無 色油體(936毫克;95%)。將此酯芊基酯產物(936毫克;2.82 毫莫耳)在充滿氫氣的氣球下於室溫於純甲醇(1 5毫升)溶 液内藉以10% Pd/C (93.6毫升)攪拌5.5小時去保護。反應混 合物用0.45微過濾器過濾,蒸發至乾,得脲5,為白色固 體(668·8毫克,98%)。 lE NMR (400 MHz5 DMSO-d6): 12.39 (s, 1H)? 6.09 (d? J=7.4 Hz? 1H), 5.93 (d,J=9.4 Hz,1H),3.90 (d,J=9.4 Hz,1H),3.87-3.77 (m,ih), 1.84-1.72 (m,2H),1.63-1.42 (m,4H),1.30-1.19 (m,2H),0.89 (s, 9H)。 M.S.(電噴):241.0 (M-H)_ 243.0 (M+H)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99% 0 三月太6之合成
4b
6 •29- 200400199 (24) 發明説明續眞 將胺基甲酸酿4b (6.15克;22·5毫莫耳)及TBTU (7.72克,24.7 笔莫耳)懸浮於D C Μ内,迅速將懸浮液攪拌。於室溫加 DIPEA (3.92毫升,22.5毫莫耳)。1〇分鐘後反應物已近均質 化。然後將一肤3 (10.39克,23.6¾莫耳)於無水於無水DCM (100毫升)内含DIPEA (4.11毫升,23.62毫莫耳)的溶液倒入反 應物内。將所得黃色溶液攪掉1 4小時。然後蒸發溶劑,得 黃色漿,再以EtOAc (300+150毫升)萃取,用〇·〇5Ν HC1 (2x200 毫升),飽和NazSCU (300毫升)及鹽水(150毫升)洗。合併之 萃取物於MgS04上乾燥,蒸發,得三肽6,為灰黃色泡沫 (15.68克,定量)。 三肽7之合成
將三肽6 (15.68克)溶於THF (200毫升)内,加水(30毫升) 。將所得溶液冷至0 °C,費3分鐘在強烈攪拌下加單水合氫 氧化鋰(1.18克,28.12毫莫耳)。於〇。〇過3小時後,多餘的鹼 以IN HC1中和(終pH約6),蒸發THF,得水性懸浮液(黃色 膠體)。此混合物以EtOAc (2x200毫升)萃取,用飽和NaHC03 (2x300毫升)洗。將合併之萃取物於MgS04上乾燥,蒸發 ,得灰黃色泡沫。此泡沫用二氧化矽膠作閃色層分析,用 EtOAc洗離,得7,為白色無定形固體(9.77克,91%)。 硫脲8之製備 -30- 200400199 (25) 發明說明讀頁 硫服8 a之合i
8a 於第三-丁基異硫代氰酸酯(5·0毫升;39.4毫莫耳)於DCM (200毫升)内的溶液中加環戊基胺(4·67毫升;47·3毫莫耳), 再加DIEA,此反應混合物於主溫攪拌2小時。此混合物以 EtOAc稀釋,用1〇%檸檬酸水溶液(2x),飽和NaHC03 (2x)籲 ,H20 (2x)及鹽水(lx)洗。將有機層於無水MgS04上乾燥, 過濾,蒸發,得N-第三-丁基環戊基硫脲,為白色固體 (3.70克;47%產出率)。將此N -第三-丁基-N-環戊基硫脲(3.70 克)溶於濃HC1 (46毫升)内。所得暗紅色溶液於回流輕輕加 熱。4 0分鐘後,將反應混合物冷至室溫,再於冰内冷卻, 以固體及飽和NaHC〇3水溶液鹼化至pH 9.5。將產物萃取入 EtOAc (3x)内。合併之EtOAc萃取物用h20 (2x)及鹽水(lx)洗 。將有機層乾燥(MgS04),過濾,濃縮,得米色固體(2.46 _ 克粗製產物)。此粗製產物以己烷/EtOAc 95/5研磨,經過濾 後得N-環戊基硫脲,為白色固體(2.38克;90%產出率)。 JH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.58 (bs? 1Η)? 7.19 (bs, 1Η), 6.76 (bs,1H),4.34 (bs,1H),1·92-1·79 (m,2H),1.66-1.55 (m,2H), 1.55-1.30 (m,4H)。MS; es+ 144.9 (M+H).,es-·· 142·8 (M-H)-。 硫脲8b之製備 用上述方法使用商業上可購得的環丁基胺代替環戊基 -31 - 200400199 (26) 發明說明續頁 胺,製得硫脲8b :
8b 硫脲8 c之製備 用上述方法使用商業上可購得的環己基胺代替環戊基 胺,製得硫脲8 c :
於KSCN (4·60克;47.33毫莫耳)於丙酮(35毫升)内之溶液 中於0°C滴加苯甲醯氯(5.0毫升;43.03毫莫耳)。將此奶樣溶 液於冰浴内攪捽1.5小時,然後滴加環丙基胺(3.2毫升;46.0 毫莫耳)。此反應混合物於0 °C攪拌1.5小時,再加環丙基胺 (0.50毫升,7.22毫莫耳),此反應混合物於室溫攪拌30分鐘 。將此反應混合物倒入冰/H20 (300毫升)内,攪拌5分鐘, 過濾淺黃色固體,用H2〇洗數次,乾燥,得N-苄基氧基-Ν’-環丙基硫脲(6·62克)。將此硫脲懸浮於2Ν NaOH (50毫升)之 溶液内,於回流加熱1 5分鐘。將此溶液冷至室溫,用NaCl 飽和,用EtOAc (3x)萃取。合併之EtOAc萃取物用H2〇(2x) -32- 200400199 (27) 發明說明續頁 及鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾並濃縮,得粗製產物, 為灰色色固體。此固體用己烷EtOAc 5/5研磨,得N-環丙 基硫脲8 d,為結晶固體(2.5克;5 0 %產出率)。 lR NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.92 (bs, 1Η)? 7.61 (bs, 1Η)5 7.13 (bs,1Η),2·39 (bs,1Η),0.67-0.63 (m,2Η),0.51-0.44 (m,2Η)。 MS; es+ 116.9 (M+H)+,es.·· 114·8 (M-Η)·。 實例1 化合物1 0 0之製i 步驟1 :三肽1 0夕厶;^
於三肽1 (1.0克;2.09毫莫耳)溶於THF (35毫升)内的溶液 中加羥基喹啉9 (729毫克;3.13毫莫耳)及三苯基膦(1.1克; 4·2毫莫耳)。將此黃色懸浮液於冰浴内冷卻,滴加DIAD (821 微升,4.2毫莫耳)。將此溶液於冰浴溫度攪拌3 0分鐘,於 室溫攪拌1 6小時。將溶液蒸發至乾,殘餘物溶於EtOAc内 ,用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液(2X),水(2X)及鹽水(1χ)洗,乾燥 (MgS04),過濾,蒸發,得黃色油體,靜置沉澱。將此粗 製固體懸浮於D C Μ内,濾除不溶解物質。將溶液濃縮’ 殘餘物以閃色層分析純化,以己烷:EtOAc 5 : 5除去較少 極性雜質,以CHC13: EtOAc 80:20洗離出所有ph3p = 〇。所需 -33- 200400199 發明說明續耳 化合物以CHCI3: EtOAc 65:35洗離,為白色固體(1克,70% 產出率)。 M.S.(電噴):693.3 (Μ-Η)- 695·4 (Μ+Η)+ 717·4 (M+Na)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99%。 步騾2 :酯1 0之選擇性單永解:
將三肽10 (1克;1·44毫莫耳)溶於THF (10毫升)及MeOH (5 毫升)内,加水(5毫升)及IN NaOH水溶液(1·5毫升),此溶液 於室溫攪拌2小時。將混合物蒸發至乾,然後與MeOH ;甲 苯(1:1 ; 4x),甲苯(2x)及二乙醚(2x)共同蒸發,得產物(無 水),為白色片狀固體(1·〇4克;100%產出率)。 M.S.(電噴):679.3 (Μ-Η)- 681.3 (M+H)+ 703.3 (M+Na)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 95%。 二氮酮1 2之会成:
將鈉鹽11 (設為14·4毫莫耳)溶於THF (16毫升)内’加三乙 -34- 200400199 (29) 發明諱明續頁 基胺(301微升;2.16毫莫耳),將此溶液冷至〇它。滴加異 丁基氯甲酸酯(280微升;2· 16毫莫耳),此白色懸浮液於〇t: 攪拌7 5分鐘,再加二氮甲燒(0.67M,於二乙醚内;13毫升 ’ 8.64¾莫耳)。此反應混合物於〇°c攪拌1小時,於室溫揽 拌4 5分鐘’蒸發成黏稠懸浮液。將此懸浮液溶於Et〇 Ac及 水内。有機溶液用飽和NaHC03溶液(2χ),水(2x)及鹽水(lx) 洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾,蒸發,得二氮酮產物,為象牙 色固體(用於下一步驟的粗製物質;設為1.44毫莫耳)。 M.S·(電喷):703.3 (M-H)- 705·3 (M+H)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20)·· 91%。 1驟4 :溴酮1 3之合成:
於二氮酮12 (1.44毫莫耳)於THF (24毫升)内的溶液中於0 C 滴加HBr溶液(1.0毫升),將此混合物攪摔1小時。此溶液用 Et〇Ac稀釋,用飽和NaHC03溶液(2x),水(2χ)及鹽水(1 x) 洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾,蒸發,得所需溴酮為米色固體 (1.1克;設為1·44毫莫耳)。 M.S.(電噴)·· 757.3 (Μ) 759·3 (Μ+2) 步驟5 :遠唑基三肽1 4之合成 •35- 200400199 (30) 發明說明續頁
將α-溴酮13 (0·40毫莫耳)及N-環戊基硫脲(68.5毫克;0.48 毫莫耳)溶於異丙醇(1 5毫升)内,此黃色溶液於7 0 °C加熱7 5 分鐘。任此溶液冷至室溫,蒸發至乾。將殘餘物溶於EtOAc 内。此溶液用飽和NaHC03 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗,乾 燥(MgS04),過濾,蒸發,得橘棕色泡沫產物。於己烷: EtOAc 7:3内作閃色層分析移除較少極性雜質,以己燒: EtOAc 6:4製得所需化合物,為淺黃色泡沫(218毫克;69%)。 M.S.(電噴):801.4 (M-H)- 803.4 (M+H)+ 825 (M+Na)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20)·· 99%。 步驟6 :酯14之水解:
將甲基酯14 (I45毫克;〇·ΐ8毫莫耳)於THF (3毫升)於MeOH (1.5毫升)内的溶液與LiOH (75.8毫克;ΐ·81毫莫耳)於水(1.5 毫升)内的水溶液攪拌1 8小時。濃縮有機溶液得灰白色懸 浮液,於EtOAc及鹽水稀釋,得總溶液。加in HC1將pH調 整至6,有機層EtOAc (2x)萃取。將合併之有機萃取物用水 -36- 200400199 發明說明續頁 (2x),鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS〇4),過濾,蒸發,得所需化 合物,為黃色固體(138.2毫克;97%產出率)。 轉化成N a鹽 將化合物100 (138.2毫克;0.175毫莫耳)溶於MeOH (30毫升) 内,加1當量0·1Ν NaOH (17·5毫升)。將此澄清黃色溶液濃縮 除去MeOH,用水稀釋,凍乾,得產物鹽),為黃色無定 形固體(139毫克;理論產出:142毫克;MW Na鹽:810.95)。 M.S.(電喷):787.2 (M-H)- 789.3 (M+H)+ 811.3 (M+Na)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 98%。 4 NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6):約5:1旋轉并構體混合物;δΟ 8.14 (bs,1Η),8.02 (d,J=9.2 Ηζ,1Η),7.89 (d,J=6.7 Ηζ,1Η), 7·49·7·36 (m,2H),7·27 (bs,1H),7,06-6.96 (m,2H),6·10-5·90 (m, 1H),5.33 (s,1H),5.01 (d,J=16.8 Hz,1H),4.84 (d,J=10.6 Hz,1H), 4.79-4.65 (m,1H),4.47-4.40 (m,1H),4·30 (d,J=11.5 Hz, 1H),4·15 (d,J=8.8 Hz,1H),4·00·3·85 (m,2H),3·90 (s,3H),2·37-2·26 (m, 1H),2.15-1.91 (m,2H),1·80-1·23 (m,18H),0.96 & 0.86 (2x s,9H)。 實例2 化合物1 0 1之製備 以實例1相同工序,於步騾5用N-環丁基硫脲8b代替N-環戊基硫脲8 a,得化合物1 〇 1,為TF A鹽:
化合物101 -37- 200400199 聲明說明續馬 lU NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6):約90:10旋轉并構體混合物,主 并構物說明;3口 8.59 (s,1H),8.45-8.39 (m,1H),8.25 (bs,1H) 8.20 (d5 J=9.2 Hz,1H),7.84 (bs,1H),7.74 (s,1H),7.32-7.26 (m, 1H),7.01 (d,J=8,3 Hz,1H),5·78-5·66 (m,2H),5.20 (dd,J=17.0, 1.6 Hz,1H),5.09-5.04 (m,1H),4·53-4·36 (m,4H),4·05-3·92 (m,2H), 3.97 (s,3H),2.63-2,55 (m,1H),2·44_2·29 (m5 3H),2·07-1·95 (m, 3H),1.79-1.23 (m,12H),0.96 (s,9H) 0 M.S·(電喷):773.4 (M-H)- 775.4 (M+H)+。反相 HPLC均一性 (0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H2〇): 98% 實例3 化合物102之製備 以實例1相同工序,於步驟5用N-環丁基硫脲8 c代替Ν· 環戊基硫脲8a,得化合物102,為TFA鹽:
化合物102 咕NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6):約90:10旋轉并構體混合物,圭_ 并構物說明;δ:] 8.61 (s,1H),8.26-8.17 (m,2H),8.13-8.04 (m, 1H),7.81 (bs,1H),7.73 (bs,1H),7.32-7.24 (m,1H),7.07 (d,J=8.2 Hz,1H),5.78-5.65 (m,2H),5.23-5.15 (m,1H),5.09-5.03 (m,1H), 4.51-4.43 (m,3H),4.05-3.77 (m,3H),3·97 (s,3H),2.64-2.55 (m, -38- 200400199 (33) 發明說明續頁 1H),2.38-2.27 (m,1H),2.05-1.95 (m,3H),1.79-1.71 (m,2H), 1.66-1.19 (m,16H),〇·96 (s,9H) o M.S·(電喷)·· 801.4 (M-H)- 803.4 (M+H)+。反相 HPLC均一性 (0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H2〇): 99% 實例4 化合物1 0 3之f崎—
化合物100 化合物103 將化合物100 (3〇毫克,0.038毫莫耳)與HTAU (17毫克,0.045 毫莫耳)合併,溶於為水DMF (4毫升)内。此溶液於室溫攪 拌後用約1分鐘滴加DIPEA (26微升,0·15毫莫耳)。此混合 物於室溫攪拌60分鐘,以分析用HPLC分析此活化的酯。 然後’將加苯續酿胺(2 3毫克,0· 15毫莫耳),dmΑΡ (17毫克 ,0.14毫莫耳)及Dbu(22微升,0.15毫莫耳)於DMF(1毫升) 内之溶液。此反應混合物於室溫攪捽24小時,再倒入Et0Ac (50毫升)内,用飽和NaHC〇3,及飽和鹽水溶液洗。有機相 於Mg SO*上乾燥,過濾、,濃縮。將殘餘物於dms〇内重建, 以製備用HPLC純化。滚乾,得終產物(1 7毫克,4 8 %),為 灰黃色無定形固體。 !H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6)? δ 10.89 (s? 1Η)3 8.84 (s, 1Η)? 8.20 (d? -39- 200400199 (34) 發明說明讀買 J=8.8 Hz, 1H),8·18-8·08 (m,2H),7.89 (d,J=7.6 Hz,2H),7.70 (dd, J=7.6, 7.6 Hz,2H),7.58 (dd,J=7.7, 7·7 Hz,2H),7.28 (bs,1H),7,11 (d,J=6.6 Hz,1H),5.75 (bs,1H),5.37-5.25 (m,1H),5.12 (d,J=17 Hz,1H),4.92 (d,J=12 Hz,1H),4.58-4.42 (m, 3H),4·24 (bs, 1H), 4.05 (d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),3.97 (s,3H),3.93 (d,J=7.8 Hz,1H), 2.69-2.61 (m,1H),2.35-2.21 (m,1H),2.13-1.98 (m,3H),1.78-1.68 (m,4H),1.68-1.51 (m,8H),1.50-1.41 (m,4H),1.29-1.22 (m,1H), 0.99 (s,9H) 〇 MS (電噴):928.5 (M+H) +,及 926.5 (M-H)-。 RP-HPLC: Rt=7.3 分鐘(均一性=99%)。 以方案2所示合成順序製得下述化合物: 實例5 步驟1 :二肽1 6之合成:
將二肽15 (4.0克;7.02毫莫耳)溶於THF (20毫升)内,加 MeOH (10毫升),水(10毫升)及IN NaOH水溶液(1.05當量,7·4 毫升)。此溶液於室溫攪拌2.75小時。將混合物蒸發至乾。 殘餘物用水稀釋,凍乾,得鈉鹽16,為白色無定形固體(4.28 克)。 M.S.(電噴):554.2 (M-H)- 556.3 (M+H)+ 578.2 (M+Na)+。 -40- 200400199 發綱說明績寒 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 96%。 步驟2 :二肽二氮酮1 7之合成
將鈉鹽16 (設為7·02毫莫耳)溶於THF (78毫升)内;加三乙 基胺(1.37毫升;9.83毫莫耳),將此溶液冷至〇°〇。滴加異 丁基氯曱酸酯(1.28毫升,9.83毫莫耳),此白色懸浮液於〇°C 攪拌2小時,再加二氮甲烷(〇·67Μ,於二乙醚内;62毫升; 42· 13毫莫耳)。此反應混合物於〇°c攪拌1小時,於室溫攪 拌1.25小時,得黏稠懸浮液。將此懸浮液溶於EtOAc及水内 。有機溶液用飽和NaHC03 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗,乾 燥(MgS04),過濾,蒸發,得二氮酮17,為米色固體(此粗 製物質用於下一步驟;設為7.02毫莫耳)。 M.S.(電噴):578.2 (M-H)- 580.3 (M+H)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 90%。 步驟3 :二肽溴酮1 8之合成
P
200400199 發明說明續頁 於0°C於二氮酮(設為1·44亳莫耳)於THF (116毫升)内之溶 液中滴加48% ΗΒι:水溶液(5.1亳升),將此混合物攪拌2小時 。此溶液用EtOAc稀釋,用飽和NaHC〇3 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水 (lx)洗,乾燥(MgSCU),過濾,蒸發,得所需溴酮,為米 色固體(4.25克;7.62毫莫耳)。 M.S.(電喷):632 (M) 634.2 (M+2) 步驟4 :二肽1 9之合成
將溴酮18 (512毫克;〇·81毫莫耳)及N-環戊基硫脲(128.4 毫克;0.89毫莫耳)溶於異丙酮(2〇亳升)内。所得黃色溶液 於7 0 °C加熱1.5小時。任溶液冷卻至室溫,蒸發至乾。殘餘 物用EtOAc稀釋。此EtOAc溶液用飽和NaHC03 (2x),水(2x) 及鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS〇4),過濾,濃縮,得產物,為 橘棕色泡沫。於己烷:EtOAc 7:3内作閃色層分析移除較少 極性雜質,以己烷:EtOAc 6:4製得所需化合物,為淺黃色 固體(411.5毫克;75%)。 M.S.(電噴)·· 676.3 (Μ-Η)- 678·3 (M+H)+ 反相 HPLC均一性(〇·〇6% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99%。 步驟5 ··二肽2 0之合成 -42- 200400199 發明說明讀頁
6 將Boc-二肽(32·6克;0.048毫莫耳)溶於4N HC1/二嘮烷(3毫 升)内,於室溫攪拌。2小時後,蒸發至乾收取反應混合物 。如此所得HC1鹽為灰色固體。將HC1鹽置於高真空30分 鐘。於此HC1鹽於DMC (2毫升)及DIEA (33微升;0.192毫莫 耳)之溶液内加脲5 (13.96毫克;0.058毫莫耳),然後加HATU 偶合劑(21.90毫克;0.058毫莫耳)。此反應混合物於室溫攪 拌3小時。再將反應混合物以EtOAc稀釋,用飽和NaHC03 (2x),水(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾,蒸發, 得粗製產物,為黏稠黃色油體(設為0.048毫莫耳)。 M.S.(電喷):800.4 (M-H)- 802.4 (M+H)+ 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 95%。 步驟6 :三肽甲基酯2 0之合成
將甲基酯20 (77.80毫克;0.097毫莫耳)於THF (2毫升),及 MeOH (1毫升)及LiOH水溶液(40·7毫克;0.97毫莫耳)於水(1 毫升)内的溶液攪拌1 6小時。濃縮此有機溶液成灰白色懸 •43- 200400199 (38) 發明翁嗯續買 浮液。此粗製物質以製備用HPLC純化(YMC Combiscreen ODS-AQ,50x 20毫米 ID S-5微米,120A ; λ=220毫微米),用 線性梯度及0.06% TF CH3CN/H20。合併純部分,濃縮,並 轉化成納鹽。 轉化成納鹽 將濃縮部分用EtOAc及少許鹽水稀鹽(用5N NaOH鹼化至 PH 約為 13,然後用 in HC1中和至 pH 5.5-6.0)。以 EtOAc (3x) 萃取產物,用水(2x)及鹽水(lx)洗,乾燥(MgS04),過濾並 蒸發至乾,得中性產物,為黃色固體(52,7毫克;70%)。將 此中性產物(49.4毫克;0.0627毫莫耳)溶於MeOH (10毫升) ’加1當量0.1N NaOH (6.27毫升)。濃縮此澄清黃色溶液除去 MeOH,用水稀釋,凍乾,得產物(Na鹽),為黃色無定形 固體(50.8毫克;理論產出:50.8毫克;MW Na鹽:809.75)。 4 NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6):約 8:1旋轉并構體混合物;δ 8.20 (bs,1Η),7.96 (d,J=8.8 Ηζ,1Η),7.86 (d,J=5.7 Ηζ,1Η),7·51·7·47 (m,2H),7.26 (s,1H),6.97 (d,J=8.6 Hz,1H),6.19-6.02 (m,1H), 5.33 (bs,1H),4·99 (d5 J=16.8 Hz,1H),4.77 (d,J=10.0 Hz,1H), 4.52-4.41 (m,2H),4.34 (d,J=11.0 Hz,1H),4.04-3.96 (m,2H),3.89 (s,3H),3.79-3.68 (m,1H),3.68-3.15 (水峰,2H),2.45-2.36 (m,1H), 2.05-1.92 (m,2H),1.82-1.35 (m,16H),1.35-1.12 (m,2H),0.91 & 0.84 (2x s,9H)。 M.S·(電噴):786.4 (M-H)- 788.3 (M+H)+ 810 (M+Na)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99% ° 實例6 -44- (39) 200400199 滎明說明績頁 化合物」^/[ 用與實例 酸環丁基胺 HPLC將粗製 6所迷相同工序,於步驟5使用第三-丁基甘胺 基甲酸酯代替脲5,並於步驟6後用製備用 心私純化,得標題化合物,為TFA鹽:
H NMH (400 MHz,DMSO-d6):約 7:1旋轉并構體混合物;δ 8.09 (bs,1Η),8.02 (d,J=9.0 Ηζ,1Η),7.88 (d,J=6.5 Ηζ,1Η),7.45 (s,1Η), 7·40 (s,1H),7·28 (d,J=2.3 Hz,1H),7·16·7·08 (m,1H),7.07-7.00 (m,1H),6·10-5·95 (m,1H),5·32 (bs,1H),5·00 (d,J=17.2 Hz,1H), 4·82 (d,J=11.4 Hz,1H),4.64-4.52 (m,1H),4.48-4.41 (m,1H),4·29 (d,】=11·7 Hz,1H),4.12 (d,J=8.6 Hz,1H),3.97-3.85 (m,2H),3.91 (s,3H),2.36-2.27 (m,1H),2·18·2·04 (m,2H),2.03-1.81 (m,6H), 1·77-1·43 (m,9H),1.41-1.34 (m,1H),0·96 & 0.85 (2x s,9H)。 M,S.(電噴):773.3 (M-H)- 775·4 (M+H)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(〇·〇6% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99%。 實例7 化合物1 0 5 ’· 用與實例6所述相同工序,於步驟5使用第三-丁基甘胺 酸環己基胺基甲酸酯代替脲5 ’得標題化合物’為鋼鹽: -45- 200400199 (40)
發明說明讀f 化合物1 0 5
lR NMR (400 MHz5 DMSO-d6):約 5:1 旋轉并構體混合物;δ 8.29 (bs,1Η),8.02 (d,J=9.0 Ηζ,1Η),7.89 (d,J=6.5 Ηζ,1Η),7.45 (s,1Η), 7.40 (s,1H), 7.27 (d,J=2.2 Hz,1H),7.05 (d,J=8.6 Hz,1H),7.00 (dd,J=2.0, 9·0 Hz,1H),5.89 (bs,1H),5.34 (s,1H),5.08 (d,J=17.0 Hz,1H,4·91 (d,J=9.4 Hz,1H),4.43 (dd,J=8.4,16.8 Hz,1H), 4·36_4·24 (m,1H),4.14 (d,J=8.6 Hz,1H),4.00-3.86 (m,3H),3.89 (s,3H),2.35-2.23 (m,1H),2.04-1.91 (m,5H),1·79-1·41 (m,10H), 1.39-1.08 (m,7H),0.97 & 0.86 (2x s,9H)。 M.S.(電噴):801·4 (M-H)- 803.4 (M+H)+。
反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 98%。 實例8 化合物1 0 6
-46- 200400199
發明說明續頁 用與實例6所述相同工序,於步騾5使用環己甘胺酸之環 戊基胺基甲酸酯代替脲5,得標題化合物,為鈉鹽: 4 NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6):約1:4旋轉并構體混合物;δ口 8·22 & 8·04 (2xs,1Η),8.00 (d,J=9.2 Ηζ,1Η),7·91 (d,J=6.5 Ηζ, 1H),7·46 (s,1H),7·41 (s,1H),7.27 (d,J=2.4 Hz,1H),7·20 (d, J=8.4 Hz,1H),7·01 (dd,J=2.4, 9.0 Hz,1H),6.09-5.98 (m,1H),5.34 (s,1H),4.98 (dd,J=1.6,17.4 Hz,1H),4.80 (d,J=11.9 Hz,1H), 4.73-4.67 (m,1H),4.43-4.31 (m,2H),4.05-3.95 (m,2H),3.95-3.84 (m,1H),3.90 (s,3H),2.38-2.29 (m,1H),2.03-1.92 (m,2H), 1.83-1.21 (m,24H),1.21-0.83 (m,5H) M.S.(電喷):813.4 (M-H)- 815.4 (M+H)+。 反相 HPLC均一性(0.06% TFA; CH3CN:H20): 99%。 實例9 化合物1 0 7 : 用與實例6所述相同工序,於步驟5使用環戊基甘胺酸之 環戊基胺基曱酸酯代替脲5,得標題化合物,再將其轉化 成對應的N a鹽(後表1編入1 3)。 實例1 0 NS3-NS4A蛋白醢鑑佘 用以評估本發明化合物的酶鑑定見W〇 〇〇/〇9543及〜〇 00/59929 0 實例1 1 _以細胞為基礎的HCV 定 細胞培養 200400199 (42) 發明說明續頁 以前述方法(Lohman et al·,1999· Science 285: 110-1 13)確立 安定地保留亞基因組HCV複製子的Huh7細胞,並定為S22.3 細胞系。將S22.3細胞保留於Dulbecco’s Modified Earle培養基 (DMEM)内,此培養基内加有10% FBS及1毫克/毫升新黴素 (標準培養基)。鑑定期間,使用加有10% FBS的DMEM培養 基,内含0.5% DMSO,但不含新黴素(鑑定培養基)。加化 合物前1 6小時,將S22.3細胞用胰蛋白酶消化,並用標準 培養基稀釋至500 000細胞/毫升。取200微升(10 000個細胞) 分布於9 6凹碟的每一凹内。然後將碟於3 7 °C在5% C02下培 養至第二天。 試劑及物料: 產物 公司 目錄編號 儲存 DMEM Wisent Inc. 10013CV 4°C DMSO Sigma D-2650 室溫 Dulbecco's PBS Gibco-BRL 14190-136 室溫 胎牛血清 Bio-Whittaker 14-910F -20°C /4°C 新黴素(G418) Gibco-BRL 10131-027 -20°C/4°C 胰蛋白酶-EDTA Gibco-BRL 25300-054 -20〇C/4〇C 96凹的碟 Costar 3997 室溫 PVDF 0.22微米過 滤器 Millipore SLGV025LS 室溫 深凹滴定碟 聚丙晞 Beckman 267007 室溫 試驗化合物之製備 -48- 200400199 發明說明續頁: (43) 將10微升試驗化合物(於100% DMSO内)加於2毫升鑑定 培養基内,使DMSO終濃度為0.5%,此溶液以超音波振動 1 5分鐘,用0.22微米Millipore Filter Unit過濾。將900微升移 入聚丙晞深凹滴定碟之A排。B至Η排含400微升整數份的 鑑定培養基(含0.5% DMSO),用以藉將400微升由一排移至 另一排(H排不含化合物)作系列稀釋(1/2)。 試驗化合物用於細胞 由含S22.3細胞的96凹的碟吸出細胞培養物。將有適宜稀 釋的試驗化合物的1 7 5微升鑑定培養基由含化合物的碟的 每一凹轉移至細胞培養物碟每一對應凹(H排用作”無抑制 對照’’)。將細胞培養碟於37°C在5% C02下培養72小時。 總細胞RNA之萃取 培養 7 2 小時後,用 RNeasy 96套件(Qiagen®,RNeasy Handbook· 1999·)由96凹碟的S22.3細胞萃取總細胞RNA。簡言之,由 細胞完全取出鑑定培養基,加含143 mM β-硫氫基乙醇的 1 0 0微升RLT緩衝液(Qiagen®)於9 6凹細胞培養碟的每一凹 内。將此微碟(microplate)輕輕搖動20秒。然後將100微升 7 0 %乙醇加於每一微碟凹内,藉吸管混合。取出溶胞產物 ,用於 RNeasy 96 (Qiagen®)碟的凹,此碟係置於 Qiagen® Square-Well Block的頂部。用膠帶將RNeasy 96碟密封,將RNeasy 96 凹碟的Square-Well Block載入固定器内,置於4K15C離心轉 頭(rotor bucket)上。將樣品於室溫以6000轉/分鐘(約5600 X g) 離心4分鐘。由碟上除去膠帶,RNeasy 96碟的每一凹内加 0.8毫升Buffer RW1 (Qiagen® RNeasy 96套件)。再用新膠帶密 -49- 200400199 (44) 發明說明績頁 封1〇^&8796碟,於室溫以6000轉/分鐘離心4分鐘。將1〇^&3乂 96碟置於另一清潔的Square-Well Block頂上,除去膠帶,於 RNeasy 96 碟的每一凹内加 0.8 毫升 Buffer RW1 (Qiagen® ^^^&8丫96套件)。再用新膠密封11^^&3796碟,於室溫以6000 轉/分鐘離心1 0分鐘。除去膠帶,將RNeasy 9 6碟置於含L2 毫升收集微管的支架頂端。藉加50微升無RNeasy的水於每 一凹内洗離RNA,用新膠帶將碟密封,於室溫培養1分鐘 。然後將碟於室溫以6000轉/分鐘離心4分鐘。再用第二容 積50微升無RNeasy的水重複此一洗離步驟。將含總細胞 RNA的微管存於-70°C。 總細胞RN A之定量 用 RiboGreen® RNA 定量套件(Molecular Dynamics®)於 STORM® 系統(Molecular Probes®)上定量 RN A。簡言之,將 RiboGreen試劑於 TE (10 mM Tris-HCl pH=7.5,1 mM EDTA)内稀 釋2 0 0倍。一般是,將5 0微升試劑用1 0毫升TE稀釋。將核 糖體RNA標準曲線於TE内稀釋至2微克/毫升,再將預定量 (100,50,40,20,10,5,2及0微升)的核糖體RNA溶液移入 新96凹碟(COSTAR # 3997)内,再用TE將容積加至100微升 。一般而言,9 6凹碟的第一列用於標準曲線,其他的凹用 於要定量的RN A樣品。將要定量的10微升每一 RN A樣品移 至9 6凹碟的對應的凹,加9 0微升TE。於9 6凹碟的每一凹 内力口 一容積(1 〇 〇微升)稀釋的RiboGreen試劑,於室溫培養2 至5分鐘,避光(200微升終容積内的10微升RNA樣品產生 20 X稀釋)。每一凹的熒光強度用STORM®系統(Molecular -50- 200400199 (45) 隹明細續〈頁
Dynamics®)測定。以已知量的核糖體RNA為基礎製出標準 曲線及生成的熒光強度。由標準曲線及20X稀釋校對_ & 實驗樣品的RNA濃度。 試劑及物料: 產物 公司 目錄# 儲存 DEPC Sigma D5758 4°C EDTA Sigma E5134 室溫 Trizma-Base Sigma T8524 室溫 Trizma-HCl Sigma T7149 室溫 收集管條 Qiagen 19562 室溫 Ribogreen RNA定量套件 Molecular Probe R11490 -20°C RNEASY 96套件 Qiagen 74183 室溫 Square-Well Bolcks Qiagen 19573 室溫
真實時間RT-PCR
真空時間 RT-PCR是用 TaqMan EZ RT-PCR套件(Perkin-Elmer Applied Biosystems®)於 ABI Prism 7700 Sequence Detection System完成。用類似前述技術(Martell et al·,1999· J· Clin· φ Microbiol· 37: 327-332)的 Taqman 技術(Roche Molecula Diagnostics System)使RC-PCR適合於HCV RNA的5’ IRES定量。此系統利 用AmpliTaq DNA聚合酶的5 ’ - 3 ’溶核活性。簡言之,此法利用 雙重標記的熒火雜交探針(PUTR Probe),此探針特別使PCR 引物(引物8125及7028)間的模板退火。探針的Y端含熒光報 告劑(6-羧基熒光素[FAM]),其3 1端含熒光熄滅劑(6-羧基四 甲基羅丹明[TAMRA])。完整雜交探針上的熄滅劑抑制F AM 報告劑的發射光譜。雜交探針的核酸酶降解釋出報告劑, -51 - 200400199 (46) 聲閉說明續頁 導致熒光射出的增加。ABI Prism 7700序列測定器在PCR放 大過程中連續測定發光射出的增加,致使放大的產物直接 與信號成正比。於反應早期在代表產物累積的對數相點分 析放大圖。代表已界定出的伴有PCR產物指數增長的熒光 信號增加測定閾的點界定為循環閾(Cr)。Cr值與輸入的 HCV RNA量成反比;這樣,在相同PCR條件下,HCV RNA 的起始濃度越高,Cr越低。藉將Cr與已知的HCV RNA每一 濃度標準稀釋相比製成曲線圖即可用ABI Prism 7700測定 系統自動製成標準曲線。 將標準曲線的參考樣品置於每一 RT-PCR碟上。活體外合 成HCV複製RNA (藉T7轉錄),純化,並以OD260定量。考慮 及1微克RNA=2.15 X 1011 RNA拷貝,作稀釋以求有108,107 ,106,105,1〇4,103或102 RNA拷貝/5微升。每一稀釋中也 加總細胞Huh-7 RNA (50毫微克/5微升)。將5微升每一參考 標準(HCV複製子+ Huh-7 RNA)與45微升Reagent Mix合併, 用於真實時間RT-PCR反應。 確立實驗樣品的真實時間RT-PCR反應。此等實驗樣品已 於RNeasy 96-凹碟上藉以5微升每一總細胞RNA樣品與45 微升Reagent Mix合併純化。 試劑及物料 產物 公司 目錄# 儲存 TaqManEZ RT-PCR Kit PE Applied Biosystems N808-0236 -20°C MicroAmp Optical Caps PE Applied Biosystems N801-0935 室溫 MicroAmp Optical 96-Well PE Applied Biosystems N801-0560 室溫 Reaction Plate -52- 200400199 (47) 發明說明續頁 試劑混合物製備 成分 一個樣品 容積(微升) 一個碟容積(微升) (91個樣品+死容積) 終濃度 無Rnase水 16.5 1617 5X TaqMan EZ緩衝液 10 980 IX Mn(OAc)2 (25 mM) 6 588 3mM dATP (10 mM) L5 147 300 μΜ dCTP (10 mM) 1.5 147 300 μΜ dGTP (10 mM) 1.5 147 300 μΜ dUTP (10 mM) 1.5 147 600 μΜ Forward Primer (10 μΜ) 1 98 200 ηΜ Reverse Primer (10 μΜ) 1 98 200 ηΜ PUTR探針(5 μΜ) 2 196 200 ηΜ iTH DNA聚合酶(2.5U/微升) 2 196 0.1 υ/微升 AmpErase UNG (1 U/微升) 0.5 49 0·1 υ/微升 總容積 45 4410 正向引物序列(SEQ ID· 1): 5,-ACG CAG AAA GCG TCT AGC CAT GGC GTT AGT-31 反向引物序列(SEQ ID NO· 2): 5’-TCC CGG GGC ACT CGC AAG CAC CCT ATC AGG-31 註:此等引物放大HCV 5f未翻譯區内的256-nt。
PUTR探針序歹(SEQ ID Ν〇· 3) ·· !6FAM 丨-TGG TCT GCG GAA CCG GTG AGT ACA CC-|tAMRA 無模板對照(NTC):每一碟上使用4個凹作為nNTCn。於此等 -53- 200400199 (48) 發明說确續層 對照凹内加5微升水代替RN A。 熱循環條件: 5 0°C 2分鐘 6 0 °C 3 0分鐘 9 5 °C 5分鐘 9 5〇C 1 5 秒 } 2# if 60°C 1分鐘 9 0 °C 1 5 秒 } 4 0循環 60°C 1分鐘 RT-PCR反應終了後,數據分析需設定PCR碟的閾费光信 號,藉將Ct值與每一參考反應所用的RNA拷貝數製圖構成 標準曲線。供鑑定樣品取得的Ct值用以插入由標準曲線取 得的RNA拷貝數。 最後,將RN A拷貝數正常化(以由細胞培養凹萃取的總 RNA之RiboGreen RNA定量為基礎)並以基因組當量/微克總 RNA [ge/pg]表達。 由細胞培養碟每一凹得到的RNA拷貝數[g.e/pg]是在抑 制劑各種濃度的複製HCV RNA量的測定。抑制%是以如下 方程式計算: l〇〇-[(g.e./pg inh)/(g.e./pg ctl) X 100]。 將適合Hill模型的非線性曲線使用於抑制-濃度數據,用 SAS 轉體(Statistical Software System; SAS Institute,Inc· Cary, -54- 200400199 (49) 發明說明續育 N.C.)計算50%有效濃度(EC50)。 在以上述酶及細胞為基礎的鑑定評估本發明化合物時 ,發現此等化合物是高活性的。更具體地說,此等化合物 的IC50在NS3-NS4A蛋白酶鑑定時低於0.1 μΜ,於以細胞為基 礎的HCV RNA複製鑑定中EC5〇低於0.1 μΜ。 實例1 2 特異性鑑定
用於評估此化合物選擇性的特異性鑑定揭示於WO 00/09543 ° 當此等化合物以特異性鑑定作評估時,發現式1化合物 的特異性在於其對人白細胞彈性蛋白酶及組織蛋白酶Β 鑑定無明顯抑制。 實例1 3 藥物動力學性質 本發明化合物也有良好藥物動力學性質,如於鼠在經口 投送5毫克/公斤後於1小時及2小時可測出有意義的血漿
含量。 更明顯的是,下述鑑定,活體内經口吸收篩檢,用以測 定於鼠經口給予後試驗化合物的血漿含量: 物料及方法: 1.用以集中化合物的方法(“彈夾選擇”): 要裝入“彈夾”的化合物的選擇是基於其構造的相似性 及物理化學性質。確立可用於所用選擇的化合物的固體相 萃取方法。以起始試驗為基礎,將每一化合物送入鼠血漿 -55- 200400199 (50) ,並以HPLC或HPLC/MS於0.5 μΜ濃度測定其停 量,並以HPLC及/或HPLC/MS測定出的各化合 離作為基礎將3 - 4個化合物裝入“彈夾”。 2 . 口服載體及化合物製備: 每一“彈夾”含3-4種化合物,每一化合物> 斤。彈夾可製成0.5%的水性甲基纖維素及 (2 0)山梨糖酮單油酸鹽(吐溫80)内的懸浮液 1 0毫升/公斤,經由口服用管。 3 .投藥及血漿抽樣: 將Male Spragur Dawley鼠於各自蘢内空腹 1 0 %葡萄糖水溶液。給鼠投送每種“彈夾’’。 時由2隻鼠採取血漿樣品(約1毫升),集中備 4 .化合物萃取及分析: 以固體相萃取方法萃取每一彈夾内的投 所取血漿樣品,空白血漿,含所有化合物各 血漿。以HPLC及HPLC/MS分析樣品作為比較 度標準評估血漿濃度。 以上述篩檢鑑定本發明實例1至9化合物 合物在經口給予後1小時及2小時間血漿内# 血漿内含量分別為1.23 μΜ及1.16 μΜ。有鑑於 吸收不良,本發明此等化合物的此一明顯的 收是意想不到的。此等化合物的易於經口吸 治療HCV感染。 下表列出本發明代表性化合物。除了與此 發明說明續頁 、滯時,離子質 物間可能的分 為5或4毫克/公 0.3%聚氧乙晞 。投藥容積為 過夜,但可喝 投藥後1及2小 萃取及分析。 藥後1及2小時 0.5 μΜ的空白 。以0.5 μΜ濃 時發現此等化 Γ高含量,平均 此類肽的經口 活體内經口吸 收使其可用於 揭示相一致外 -56- 200400199 (51) 發明說明續頁 ,此化合物之IC50在NS3-NS4A蛋白酶鑑定中低於0·1 μΜ,而 其IC5〇在以細胞為基礎的HCV RNA複製鑑定中低於0·5 μΜ。 表1
勿編號 R1 R3 R4 m/z (ΜΗ)+ 100 OH 第三- 丁基 α 789.3 101 OH \ 第三- 丁基 α 775.4 102 OH t) 第三- 丁基 α 803.4 103 4-0 第三- 丁基 α 928.5 104 OH 第三- 丁基 α. 775 4 105 OH 第三- 丁基 α 803.4 106 OH 9 α 815 4 107 OH ? α 801 4 -57- 200400199 序列表
<110> BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INTERNATIONAL GmbH
<120> HEPATITIS C INHIBITOR TRI-PEPTIDES <130> 13/106 <140> 092102241 <141> 2003-01-30 <150> 2,370,396 <151> 2002-02-01 <160> 3 <170> FastSEQ for Windows Version 4.0 <210> 1 <211〉30 <212> DNA <213>人工序列 <220> <223>正向引物 <400> 1 acgcagaaag cgtctagcca tggcgttagt 30 <210> 2 <211〉30 <212> DNA <213>人工序列 <220> <223>反向引物 <400> 2 tcccggggca ctcgcaagca ccctatcagg 30 <210> 3 <211> 26 <212> DNA <213>人工序列 <220> <223> PUTR probe <400> 3 tggtctgcgg aaccggtgag tacacc 36
Claims (1)
- 200400199 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種式(I)化合物: N-R2其中R1是羥基或NHS02R1A ;其中11^是(Ci_8)烷基,(C3_7) 環烷基或{((^_6)烷基-(C3_7)環烷基},其皆視需要可被鹵 ,氰基,硝基,0-((^_6)烷基,醯胺基或苯基作1至3次取 代,或尺^是C6SC1()芳基,其視需要可被鹵,氰基,硝 基,(C^)烷基,CKCw)烷基,醯胺基或苯基作1至3次取 代;R2是(C4_6)環烷基;R3是t-丁基或(C5_6)環烷基及R4是 (C4_6)環烷基;或其醫藥上可接受的鹽。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中R1是羥基, NHS〇2Me,NHS02環丙基,或 NHS02Ph。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R2是環戊基 或環己基。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R3是t-丁基 或環己基。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物,其中R4是環丁基 或環戊基。 6· —種醫藥組合物,其包括抗C型肝炎病毒有效量的根據 200400199 申請拳利範園續眞 申請專利範圍第1至5項任一項之式1化合物或其醫藥上 可接受之鹽,及與其混合之醫藥上可接受之載劑介質或 助劑。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之醫藥組合物,其進一步包括 治療有效量之一或多種其他抗HCV劑。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之醫藥組合物,其中該其他抗 HCV劑係選自:α-干擾素或聚乙二醇化之α-干擾素。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第7或8項之醫藥組合物,其中該其他 抗HCV劑係病毒唑。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第7或8項之醫藥組合物,其中該其他 抗HCV劑係選自下列之抑制劑:解旋酶,NS2/3蛋白酶 及内部核糖體進入位(IRES)。 11. 一種用於治療或預防哺乳動物C型肝炎病毒感染之醫 藥組合物,其包括抗C型肝炎病毒有效量之根據申請專 利範圍第1至5項任一項之式I化合物或其醫藥上可接受 之鹽。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第6至8項任一項之醫藥組合物,其係 用於治療或預防哺乳動物C型肝炎病毒感染。 13. —種根據申請專利範圍第1至5項任一項之化合物之用 途,其係用於製造藥物以供治療或預防C型肝炎病毒感 染。 14. 一種用於製造藥物以治療或預防C型肝炎病毒感染之 零組件套件,其包括二部分: (a) 其中之一包括至少一種根據申請專利範圍第1至4項 任一項之化合物;及 (b) 其他部分包括一或多種抗HCV劑。 200400199 陸、(一)、本案指定代表圖為··第__圖 (二)、本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明·· 柒、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6323180B1 (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2001-11-27 | Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd | Hepatitis C inhibitor tri-peptides |
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2002
- 2002-02-01 CA CA002370396A patent/CA2370396A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-01-24 EP EP03700744A patent/EP1474441B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-24 CN CNB038061643A patent/CN100430414C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-24 JP JP2003564076A patent/JP4060801B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-24 DK DK03700744T patent/DK1474441T3/da active
- 2003-01-24 EA EA200400987A patent/EA007742B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-24 WO PCT/CA2003/000090 patent/WO2003064456A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-24 RS YU67204A patent/RS67204A/sr unknown
- 2003-01-24 PL PL03371324A patent/PL371324A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-24 DE DE60312824T patent/DE60312824T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-24 MX MXPA04007515A patent/MXPA04007515A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-01-24 BR BR0307408-0A patent/BR0307408A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-24 NZ NZ534689A patent/NZ534689A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-24 ES ES03700744T patent/ES2285085T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-24 HR HR20040697A patent/HRP20040697A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-24 AT AT03700744T patent/ATE358137T1/de active
- 2003-01-24 AU AU2003202347A patent/AU2003202347B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-24 UA UA20040807172A patent/UA77758C2/uk unknown
- 2003-01-24 KR KR10-2004-7011771A patent/KR20040097990A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-30 TW TW092102241A patent/TW200400199A/zh unknown
- 2003-01-30 PE PE2003000104A patent/PE20031012A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-31 AR ARP030100292A patent/AR038383A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-01-31 MY MYPI20030357A patent/MY127791A/en unknown
- 2003-01-31 UY UY27636A patent/UY27636A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-05 SA SA3240005A patent/SA03240005B1/ar unknown
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2004
- 2004-07-21 IL IL163130A patent/IL163130A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-07-26 ZA ZA200405933A patent/ZA200405933B/en unknown
- 2004-08-09 EC EC2004005226A patent/ECSP045226A/es unknown
- 2004-08-31 NO NO20043643A patent/NO20043643L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-08-31 CO CO04085344A patent/CO5611113A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| EA007742B1 (ru) | 2006-12-29 |
| RS67204A (sr) | 2006-12-15 |
| BR0307408A (pt) | 2004-12-28 |
| UA77758C2 (en) | 2007-01-15 |
| ECSP045226A (es) | 2004-09-28 |
| DK1474441T3 (da) | 2007-07-30 |
| DE60312824T2 (de) | 2008-03-06 |
| HRP20040697A2 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| EA200400987A1 (ru) | 2005-02-24 |
| ZA200405933B (en) | 2005-09-05 |
| CA2370396A1 (en) | 2003-08-01 |
| EP1474441B1 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
| SA03240005B1 (ar) | 2008-04-15 |
| IL163130A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| WO2003064456A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| MXPA04007515A (es) | 2005-07-13 |
| ATE358137T1 (de) | 2007-04-15 |
| JP2005530688A (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
| JP4060801B2 (ja) | 2008-03-12 |
| ES2285085T3 (es) | 2007-11-16 |
| NO20043643L (no) | 2004-08-31 |
| EP1474441A1 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
| KR20040097990A (ko) | 2004-11-18 |
| NZ534689A (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| AU2003202347B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
| DE60312824D1 (de) | 2007-05-10 |
| MY127791A (en) | 2006-12-29 |
| CN1642974A (zh) | 2005-07-20 |
| AR038383A1 (es) | 2005-01-12 |
| CN100430414C (zh) | 2008-11-05 |
| UY27636A1 (es) | 2003-09-30 |
| PE20031012A1 (es) | 2004-01-26 |
| PL371324A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 |
| CO5611113A2 (es) | 2006-02-28 |
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