SU45604A1 - Steam piston steam engine - Google Patents

Description

It is known to use a stepped piston in steam engines with steam bypassing it from one side to another through channels in the piston. In the proposed steam engine, a valve placed in the piston is applied, which opens with a blow to the cylinder bottom and is held in place by a latch, which in the upper position of the piston releases the valve, which is then closed by the pressure of steam.

The schematic drawing shows a longitudinal section of the proposed steam engine with a stepped piston.

In the working cylinder 7 is placed a piston 4, mounted on the rod 3 of large diameter. The piston has a hole closed by a valve 5 loaded with a spring 9. The valve 5 is provided with a groove 18, and the piston is fixed on the piston with a double spring 6 latch 7. The cylinder / is provided with openings with inlet 10 and outlet / 5; the latter is closed by a valve 16 pressed against the seat by a spring 14. To depress the valve / b from the seat in order to communicate the cavity of the cylinder with the outlet 15, there is a cam 11 mounted on the working shaft, periodically pressing the roller 12 fixed on the upper end of the rod 13, ending ( 95)

bottom valve 16. In the upper part of the working cylinder there is a conical recess 77, into which the end of spring 6 can enter when the piston 4 is in the upper position.

When the piston 4 is in the upper dead center, the spiral springs 6 enter at one end into the conical recess 77 and pull the latch 7 out of the groove 18 of the valve 5, which, by the action of the spring 9, closes the channel in the piston. Steam or compressed air entering the cavity 2 of the cylinder through the opening 10 presses on the piston 4 and causes it to move downwards. In the lower position of the piston, the valve 5 with its end rests against the bottom of the cylinder 7 and opens the channel in the piston. In doing so, the valve groove 18 is mounted against the latch 7, which engages in the groove and holds the valve 5 in the open position. At that moment, when the valve 5 reaches the bottom of the cylinder 7, the exhaust valve 16 closes the communication of the cavity 19 of the cylinder with the exhaust pipe 75. The steam above the piston 4 or compressed air passes through the openings 8 from the upper cavity 2 of the cylinder to the lower cavity 19, so that the piston 4 is under pressure acting on it from above and below. Since the cross section of the rod 3 takes

the total part of the piston section, then the total pressure of steam or compressed air on the bottom of the piston exceeds the pressure applied to it from above. Under the action of a pressure difference, the piston begins to rise. When the piston 4 reaches the top dead center, the latch 7 again releases the valve 5 ". which by the action of the springs 5 closes the channel in the piston. At the same time, the exhaust valve 16 opens, and steam or compressed air leaves the exhaust pipe / 5, then the cycle repeats.

The subject matter of the invention.

Steam piston steam engine with steam transfer from one side of piston H1 to the other through channels in the piston, characterized by using valve 5 placed in the piston, which opens with a blow to the cylinder bottom, held in the open position and closed, with steam pressure at the top position of the piston after release valve from the latch 7.