SU15349A1 - The method of obtaining plastic - Google Patents

Description

BASIC Patent No. 10398 describes a manual for obtaining plastic from protein substances by treating the latter with the initial condensation products of phenols with formalin, which means that protein substances (casein, animal glue, gelatin, yeast, blood or egg albumin, etc. .) mixed with the finished initial condensation products of phenol or its homologs with formalin with or without added fillers, after which the resulting product is dried and compressed using well-known methods.

The proposed method aims to obtain a plastic mass from a mixture of oxycellulose or from a mixture of it with a hydrodellose, or from a mixture of oxycellulose with mineral fillers by impregnating them with the processed initial condensation products of phenol with formalin, a solution of protein substances or, respectively, a treated solution of protein substances in a mixture with a solution keratin substances in alkalis.

To obtain a plastic mass according to the proposed method, for example, a ground mixture of hydroxy and hydrocellulose is taken, the ratios of which between themselves can vary widely, and is treated with a certain amount.

depending on the purpose of the mass, a solution of protein substances, pre-treated with the initial condensation products of phenols with formalin. At the same time, under the influence of the acidic properties of oxycellulose, the protein solution coagulates and water is liberated, and in the thick part of the solution there is a mixture of hydroxy and hydrocellulose with an insoluble phenolic protein product, which is the cementing agent. Further, the thick mixture is freed from water and pressed in the cold or dried out and then ground to a powder, and then pressed in heated presses.

To reduce the cost of the resulting product, it can be successfully filled with neutral mineral salts, such as kaolin, chalk, barium sulphate and other similar neutral substances, which are thoroughly mixed with the pulverized dry mixture of hydroxy and hydrocellulose or with one oxycellulose and thus obtained the total mixture is treated with the above protein solutions. The amount of mineral binder is different depending on the purpose for which the mass is intended.

For the production of plastic mass from a mixture of hydroxy and hydrocellulose or from one oxidellulose, solutions of keratin substances in alkalis obtained from wool, horn, hoofs, etc., or from their mixture with protein solutions previously processed can also be used as a cementing agent. liquid water or water-soluble condensation products of phenol or its homologs with formalin. In this case, the aforementioned mixture of the oxidic cellulose or its mixture with other substances, such as, for example, with insoluble mineral salts of metals, is taken and treated with alkaline solutions of keratin substances or their mixture with solutions of proteins and then the mixture is allowed to stand for a while. This process is conducted either at ordinary temperature or at elevated, depending on the nature of the mixture taken and on the amount of the dementant. Then, the mass is separated from the water by pressing or in some other way, dried and crushed into a powder, which is pressed in heated presses; it is also possible to press a not completely dried mass in cold presses, and then dry it at an elevated temperature.

The product thus obtained is distinguished by its strength, acid resistance, ability to be machined and polished, and can be colored as desired.

Example 1. Take 500 g of oxallose, 500 g of hydrocellulose and 2000 g of protein solution, pretreated with liquid, water-soluble, condensation products of phenol with formalin consisting of 1 part dry protein substance (eg, casein), 5 parts water and 1 part of the liquid, water-soluble condensation product of phenol with formalin.

Pre-mix thoroughly the crushed hydroxy and hydrocellulose, and then treat the protein solution with a solution, which, under the influence of the mixture, coagulates and releases water. A plastic is obtained, an elastic rubber-like mass, from which water is squeezed out, then dried, ground, and subsequently acted as described above.

Example 2: 500 g of hydroxycellulose, 500 g of kaolin or chalk, or barium sulphate and 2000 g of the protein solution indicated in Example 1 are taken and are treated as in Example 1.

Example 3. 100 g of hydroxycellulose, 100 g of hydrocellulose and 200-400 g of an alkaline solution of keratin substances from wool, horn or hooves, previously treated with the above condensation solutions, are taken. The mixture is processed as described.

Example 4. 200 g of hydroxycellulose, 200 g of kaolin or chalk, etc., and similar materials and 800 g of a mixture of solutions of keratin substances with proteins, but rarely treated with the above solutions of condensation products, are taken. All of this is handled as indicated in the description.

The subject of the patent.

1. A method for producing plastics according to patent No. 10398, using oximelose, proteinaceous substances, mineral salts and initial condensation products of phenol with formalin, characterized in that the oxidocellulose or its mixture with hydrocellulose, or the mixture of oxallose with mineral salts is saturated with a solution Protein substances that have been pretreated with the initial condensation products of phenol with formalin are separated from water, pressed and dried, or dried, crushed and pressed.

2. Change of the method, marked in n. 1, characterized in that a solution of keratinous substances in alkalis is added to the protein solution.