RU27692U1 - MILITARY WAR MACHINE BATTLE DIVISION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The fighting compartment of a mobile military vehicle, comprising a hull with turret sheet, non-mechanized ammunition and a single-wire on-board DC power supply system mounted on a turret sheet with an artillery gun (cannon); automatic loader, including actuators and a rotary conveyor with mechanized ammunition mounted under the tower, a control unit, automatic loader, containing command generators for activating actuators having transistor switches with an open emitter type, characterized in that the shells and charges of mechanized ammunition placed horizontally in the conveyor, and the area of the lateral projection of the mechanized ammunition does not exceed 60 dm; the loading machine contains devices for removing the spent cartridge case through an automatically opening hatch in the tower; the actuators of the autoloader are directly driven by electric motors and provide locking of the artillery gun at a loading angle of 4 ... 5 with respect to the turret plate of the case, and the electric motors are connected to the on-board power supply network through the closing contacts of the contactors, each of whose windings is connected to the open emitter of the corresponding transistor key of the unit control and plus tine of the onboard power supply. 2. The fighting compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor of the automatic loader is placed relative to the turret plate of the hull at a distance that ensures the crew moves from the tower to the hull and vice versa, as well as loading directly

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, in particular, to mobile military vehicles.

The invention can be used in tanks, self-propelled artillery and infantry fighting vehicles.

The fighting compartment of a mobile military vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the BO) is used as part of this vehicle and is intended for firing from a place and on the move against moving and stationary, armored and unarmored targets.

The BW includes the mechanisms and systems of a military machine necessary for firing1 weapons, weapon control and firing systems, ammunition, combat crew workstations.

It is known BO tank T-80 (object 219P), containing:

-the hull with the workplace of the driver, the on-board electric power supply network and non-mechanized ammunition (part of the ammunition of the tank, which is loaded into the gun manually);

- a turret with a 125-mm tank gun mounted on it on the pins and with gunner and commander jobs;

- automatic loader loading (A3) of the gun, consisting of a rotary conveyor with cartridges in which the mechanized ammunition is located, the mechanism for turning the conveyor, the conveyor stopper, the mechanisms for feeding and sending ammunition into the gun, the pickup mechanism is extracted from the cannon sleeve, the gun stopper on coal , gilropanepi, replenish yukycha about the piping of the hydraulic system and executive waterworks.

Bottom BO has several disadvantages.

1 Conveyor 13 (Fig. 1) of the loading automatic machine is a cylindrical frame structure in which cartridges are located for accommodating a mechanized-fire ammunition - shells 14 and charges 15.

Shells 14 are placed in horizontal trays 12 of cassettes, fan-shaped located on the bottom of the conveyor, and charges 15 are placed in vertical trays 11 of cassettes located on the periphery of the cylindrical conveyor.

The conveyor 13 is connected to the tower 7 through a ball linear device 10.

As can be seen from fig. I, trays 11 with charges 15 separate the combat crew — the commander and the gunner — located in the tower from the non-mechanized ammunition pack 16 located in the hull and from the deployment zone in the gunner’s hull 18. To access the non-mechanized ammunition commander or gunner, turn off the weapon control system and stop the tank , dismantle several cartridges mounted on the conveyor, and, with the help of the driver, transfer non-mechanized ammunition to the released A3 cartridges. These operations require the tank to exit the battle for a considerable time.

In a combat situation, non-mechanized ammunition cannot be loaded directly into an artillery gun. Thus, the combat effectiveness of the tank is reduced.

2. The design of the A3 conveyor does not provide the ability to quickly transfer crew members from the fighting compartment to the control compartment and vice versa. Such a transition is necessary for the crew in a combat situation for mutual assistance, as well as for urgent departure of the tonka (for example, through an emergency bale 17 under the driver in the tank body or through tower hatches when the tank is flooded). Moreover, the transition time is essential for maintaining the crew’s life. The need to dismantle several conveyor cassettes to ensure the transition significantly increases the transition time, i.e. reduces crew survival in combat conditions.

3. The charges 15 and shells 14 placed in the gransporter contain a large amount of gunpowder, which is half in cardboard shells. If DLL1PP1 gets into the ammunition of a fragment, a fire or detonation of the entire ammunition set can occur, which will lead to the death of the crew and an irretrievable loss of the tank

In the prototype, charges 15 are placed vertically in the BW, the conveyor with ammunition occupies almost the entire height of the sneaker body. The lateral projection area of the mechanized ammunition in the conveyor is 118 dm2 (shaded in Fig. 1).

With such a large projection area of the ammunition (Dietary, any hit of fragments upon breaking through the hull will lead to damage to the ammunition in the conveyor and to the failure of the tank.

4. The A3 of the T-80 is widely used hydraulic breeches. The A3 includes the following hydraulic units: hydraulic drive and hydraulic distribution devices located on the hydraulic panels, conveyor turning hydraulic motors, actuating hydraulic cylinders of the feed mechanism, gun and conveyor hydromechanical stops, a replenishment tank, and a piping system.

The presence of flammable oil in the hydraulic system A3 creates a flare-up in the fire hazard (for example, if the OCKOFTKOM hydraulic system is damaged) The branchedness of the hydraulic system reduces the possibility of fire localization and extinguishing. When burning oil, the possibility of detonation of powder charges in the BO increases

Thus, the presence of hydraulic drives A3 drains the viability of the tank and the survival of the crew,

5. With automatic loading, the guidance drive vertically rotates the gun I on the pins 4 and sets it at a loading angle of 2 ° relative to the turret plate

During loading, the gun stop 5 stops the gun at this angle relative to the tower 7.

As a rule, gun loading with A3 is performed without stopping the tank, i.e. in move. During loading, the cannon I, locked relative to the turret 7, repeats the oscillations of the turret and the hull of the tank when moving over rough terrain and can “scoop up soil into the bore, as shown in FIG. 2. Moreover, the possibility of “scooping up the soil the greater, the smaller the loading angle A. In the case of a shot, if there is soil in the bore, the barrel is destroyed and the tank's combat readiness is lost.

Thus, the small value of the loading angle, implemented in the T-80 tank, increases the probability of the tank failing, i.e. reduces its viability.

I'm lying on an empty seat in the BO. In the process of firing, spent cartridges accumulate in the BO, the remaining powder gases enter the fighting compartment. The harmful components present in the composition of powder gases (carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, etc.) adversely affect the crew. In addition, hot liners and powder gases increase the temperature in the BO.

As a result of these influences, the crew’s working capacity sharply decreases, and, consequently, the effectiveness of its combat work.

7. The use of hydraulic drives in an A3 T-80 tank requires a two-stage energy conversion: electrical from the on-board network of the BO - to i and the energy of the liquid under pressure, followed by the conversion of this energy into the mechanical work of the actuators A3. This leads to a low efficiency of mechanisms A3.

The aim of the invention is to increase the combat effectiveness of a mobile military vehicle, its viability, improve working conditions and crew survival, reduce power consumption of the fighting compartment.

The goal is achieved through the following technical solutions:

-use of the A3 conveyor, made in the form of a low cylinder, located on the bottom of the BO hull, at a distance from the turret plate, sufficient for the crew members to transfer and for the combat crew to access non-mechanized combat intelligence without dismantling the A3 elements. In this case, the shells and charges in the cassettes of the conveyor A3 are located horizontally, and the area of the side projection of the mechanized back-set is not more than 60 dm2;

-use of electromechanical drives in A3 mechanisms, the electric motors of which are connected directly to the onboard power supply network of the BO;

the use in BO of mechanisms ensuring the removal of the spent sleeve outside the BO through the opening hatch in the tower;

-exclusions from the composition of A3 fire hazardous hydraulic drives.

These technical solutions are implemented in the proposed fighting compartment of the tank. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in Fig.Z depicts the proposed fighting compartment. - - turret 8 with tank gun I mounted on it in axles 4, with hatch II for removing spent cartridges, with working places for the gunner and commander; gun loading machine, consisting of vn rotary conveyor 21 with cartridges 20, in which mechanized ammunition is placed, conveyor turning mechanism 5, conveyor stopper 19, cartridge lifting mechanism 12 from the conveyor, mechanism for sending 13 ammunition to the gun, gun stopper 6 at the loading angle, mechanism 10 collecting the sleeve extracted from the gun and removing it through the hatch 11 in the tower, the mechanism 9 for opening and closing the manhole cover to remove the shells, the control unit LZ. The conveyor 21 of the autoloader has a cylindrical frame structure. Cassettes 20 for mechanized ammunition are fan-mounted in the conveyor. In this case, shells and charges are placed horizontally in two layers. In the cassette’s notch, there are shells 17, and in the top there are charges 16, Conveyor 21 is installed in the lower part of the BO, on a ball bearing 18 attached to the bottom of the case. Thanks to this arrangement of mechanized ammunition deployment, the conveyor is located at a distance of 400 mm from the turret plate 3 of the hull, sufficient for both the combat crew located in the turret to access the unmanned ammunition located in the hull and for the quick transfer of crew members from the turret to the hull back. The area of the side projection of the mechanized ammunition in the conveyor is not more than 60 dm. A decrease in lateral projection of mechanized ammunition by about 2 times, compared with the prototype, will lead to a reduction in the likelihood of damage to ammunition in the conveyor when hit by weapons in the hull, i.e. to increase the survivability of the tank as a whole. BO also reduces the likelihood of its defeat when firing a movable watering machine, because the lower part of the latter, like a right-hander, is covered with folds of terrain.

As the experience of the combat use of armored vehicles shook, most of the hits in the hull are in the upper half of the hull,

2. In the proposed BO, the autoloader is an electromechanical complex in which actuators are driven by electric motors that are connected directly to the on-board power supply network. This provides a greater COEFFICIENT OF PERSONAL PENSION PRM RYAGLPPTSCHY EPGCHLTL NRPMI

in the prototype At the same time, the lack of a hydraulic system in the A3, unlike the prototype, reduces the fire hazard in the BO and increases the survivability of the crew and the viability of the tank as a whole.

3.When the gun is automatically loaded, the vertical guidance drive

rotates it on the pins 4 and sets it at an angle of 4 ° ... 5 °, relative to the turret sheet 3 of the body, and the cannon and gun stops it relative to the tower 8.

The loading angle, implemented in the proposed BO, is 2.2 ... 2.5 times larger than in the prototype, which reduces the likelihood of "scooping up the soil with a gun when driving over rough terrain, i.e. reduces the likelihood of the tank leaving the troop.

It must be avenged that the possibility of increasing the loading angle in the prototype is limited by the design and height distribution in the BO of the sending mechanism, in particular, by the design of the rammer chain, the hinge axes of which are arranged vertically. Using in the proposed mechanism of sending the rammer chain with horizontally located hinge axes makes it possible to place the rammer chain lower, and, therefore, send the projectile and charge into the gun when it is installed at a larger loading angle.

4. The mechanism 10 for removing the spent cartridge case, which is part of A3 of the proposed BW, ensures the capture of the cartridge case extracted after firing and its automatic removal from the BO through shock П in the tower.

After the shot, the cartridge case extracted from the cannon enters the trap of the removal mechanism located behind the cannon and is held in it until the next loading.

the hatch closes. At the end of loading, the removal mechanism returns to its original position behind the gun to catch the next cartridge case.

Thus, there is a maximum of one cartridge case in the BO, and this is a short time. In this regard, there is no accumulation of shells as the tank’s ammunition is consumed, which reduces the amount of powder gases entering the BO from the spent cartridges and reduces the impact on the crew, especially when firing .

Serial type electric motors, for example, MU431, which has two excitation windings, respectively, for turning on the right and left directions of rotation of the motor shaft, are installed in the mechanisms of the automatic charging device.

Figure 4 shows the electrical circuitry for connecting the drive engine to the onboard network of the fighting compartment.

When the SBI button for automatic loading is pressed, the signal “Housing to driver A 1.1 of the control command WORKING STROKE is emitted.

Shaper A1.1 is made on the basis of logic elements and generates a logical 1 () supplied to input 3 (e) of the closing transistor switch T1, loaded onto the coil of contactor K1 (for example, type KHE220.24V, PI IE22.24B).

The contactor K1 trips, along the circuit:, Bortset, winding of the contactor K1, closing switch SWM (2 (d) - 4 (s), "- 27V, (Case).

When triggered, the contactor K1 closes its contacts in the circuit of the electric motor Ml, the electric motor turns on through the circuit: “+ 27V, Bortset, closing contacts K1, the field winding OBI Ml (right), the anchor winding of the nuclear weapons Ml,“ 27V (case).

When the motor rotates, the mechanism makes a working stroke and at the end of the movement, the end position sensor SQ1 is triggered, by the signal of which the driver A1.1 removes the logical unit from the input 3 (e) of the key SWM (T1). The key / P disconnects -27V (case) from terminal 2 of the K1 contactor winding, the kosh actor turns off and opens its contacts in the motor winding OB1 circuit, which leads to a stop of the mechanism,

key 12, the latter closes terminal 2 of the contactor K2 on the body of the fighting compartment. The K2 contactor operates on the circuit: “+ 27V, Bortset, the coil of the K2 contactor, the closing key (d) - 4 (s),“ -27V, (housing).

When triggered, the contactor K2 closes its contacts in the motor circuit Ml. The electric motor is turned on by the circuit: “+ 27V, Bortset, closing contacts K2, field winding ОВ2 Ml (left), anchor winding of nuclear weapons Ml,“ -27V (case) .//

When the motor rotates, the mechanism returns to its original position and at the end of the movement, the SQ2 sensor is triggered, by the signal of which the former A1.2 takes logical 1 from input 3 (e) of the SWM key (T2).

Key T2 disconnects “-27V (case) from terminal 2 of the K2 contactor winding, the contactor turns off and opens its contacts in the OB2 winding circuit of the electric motor, which stops the mechanism in its original position.

The electrical circuit of the transistor switch ЈТ1 (Т2) is shown in Fig.5.

In the initial state, before the signal arrives at the input e of the transistor switch, the transistor VT1 is closed by the shunt effect of the resistor R2 connected between its base and emitter, therefore the voltage on its collector is close to the voltage of the on-board network, and since it is of positive polarity and applied to the base of the transistor VT2, it is closed, and the contactor winding connected to its emitter circuit is de-energized.

The input signal of the FOV comes to the divider from resistors R1 and R2, and from the midpoint of the divider a voltage of positive polarity is applied to the base - the emitter of the transistor VT1 and it opens. Due to the current flowing through the resistor R3, which is the collector load of the transistor VT1, the voltage at the collector VTI and based on VT2 is close to the OB and the transistor VT2 opens, connecting the “- 27V on-board network (case) to one terminal of the contactor winding, and the second terminal of the contactor winding connected to the bus "+ 27V Bortset constantly. The contactor is triggered, while the closing contacts of the contactor are closed. The key resistor R4 serves to limit the current in the circuit of the transistor VT2, and the diode UD 1 limits the voltage spikes in its input circuit.

The proposed fighting compartment is implemented in the T-90S tank and has been tested with positive results. CLAIM

1. The fighting compartment of a mobile military vehicle, comprising a hull with turret leaf, non-mechanized ammunition and a single-wire on-board DC power supply system mounted on a turret turret with an artillery gun (cannon); an automatic loader including actuators and a rotary conveyor with mechanized ammunition mounted under the tower, a control unit for the automatic loader, containing command generators for activating actuators having transistor switches with an open emitter type, characterized in that the shells and charges of the mechanized ammunition are located in the conveyor horizontally, and the area of the lateral projection of the mechanized ammunition does not exceed 60, the loading machine contains a device VA, providing removal of the spent sleeve through a self-opening hatch made in the tower, the actuators of the autoloader are driven directly by electric motors and provide for the artillery to be burned at a loading angle of 4 ... 5 ° relative to the turret plate of the hull, and the electric motors are connected to the onboard power supply network through contactor contacts of the contactors, the windings of which are each connected to the open emitter of the corresponding transistor switch of the control unit and lushy mud of a power supply network.

2. The fighting compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that the loader conveyor is placed relative to the turret plate of the hull at a distance that allows the crew to transfer from the tower to the hull and vice versa, as well as loading directly into the artillery gun of the entire non-mechanized ammunition in the hull without stopping the mobile military machine, and in the area where the crew performs the indicated actions, there are no elements of the autoloader loading, requiring dismantling. I. OBJECT 2J9P. Technical description and instruction manual. The second book. Moscow, Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1986

Claims (2)

1. The fighting compartment of a mobile military vehicle, comprising a hull with turret sheet, non-mechanized ammunition and a single-wire on-board DC power supply network mounted on a turret sheet with an artillery gun (cannon); automatic loader, including actuators and a rotary conveyor with mechanized ammunition mounted under the tower, a control unit, automatic loader, containing command generators for activating actuators having transistor switches with an open emitter type, characterized in that the shells and charges of mechanized ammunition placed horizontally in the conveyor, with the side projection area of the mechanized ammunition not exceeding 60 dm ² ; the loading machine contains devices for removing the spent cartridge case through an automatically opening hatch in the tower; the actuators of the autoloader are driven directly by electric motors and provide locking of the artillery gun at a loading angle of 4 ... 5 ^o relative to the turret plate of the case, and the electric motors are connected to the on-board power supply network through the closing contacts of the contactors, each of which windings is connected to an open emitter of the corresponding transistor the key of the control unit and the plus tine of the onboard power supply network. 2. The fighting compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor of the automatic loader is placed relative to the turret plate of the hull at a distance that allows the crew to transfer from the tower to the hull and vice versa, as well as loading directly into the artillery gun of the entire non-mechanized ammunition in the hull without stopping the movable military machine, and in the area where the crew performs these actions there are no elements of the automatic loader that require dismantling.