JP6021351B2 - 圧電材料、圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、超音波モータ、塵埃除去装置およびデバイス - Google Patents
圧電材料、圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、超音波モータ、塵埃除去装置およびデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Description
一般式(1) (NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、 0.80≦x≦0.95、0.85≦y≦0.95)
本発明の第三の様態は、前記圧電素子を用いた液体吐出ヘッドである。
本発明の第四の様態は、前記圧電素子を用いた超音波モータである。
本発明の第五の様態は、前記圧電素子を用いた塵埃除去装置である。
一般式(1) (NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、 0.80≦x≦0.95、0.85≦y≦0.95)
xがy未満であると、銅が結晶格子中に取り込まれ本発明の効果を発揮し易いため、xはy未満であることが好ましい。
ニオブ酸ナトリウムもしくはニオブ酸ナトリウムを成分として含む結晶を焼結する際、ナトリウムが蒸発もしくは拡散して、焼結後の試料組成はニオブに対してナトリウム不足となることがある。つまりAサイトに欠陥が発生する。よって、加えられた銅の一部がAサイトを占有して欠陥を補うことが好ましい。
(1) 抵抗率が増加。
(2) 分極処理した圧電材料の共振周波数でのインピーダンスの位相反転角が増加。
(3) 分極−電界ヒステリシス曲線測定で評価される残留分極値が増加。
(4) 電気機械結合係数もしくは圧電定数が増加。
(5) 機械品質係数が低下。
(6) ヤング率が低下。
(7) 誘電正接(tanδ)が低下。
(1) 電気機械結合係数もしくは圧電定数が減少。
(2) 機械品質係数が増加。
(3) ヤング率が増加。
(4) 内部電界を有する。内部電界の大きさは、分極−電界のヒステリシスループ測定から得られる正負の抗電界の大きさの差分の半分となる。分極処理によって欠陥分極の方向も印加電界方向に揃うため、内部電界強度の見積もりには、分極処理を施した試料を用いることができる。
焼成の前段階である成形体は、金型成形、鋳込み成型、シート成形などのいずれの手法でも構わない。
原料には、炭酸ナトリウム(Na2CO3)、酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)、チタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3)の粉末を用いた。チタン酸バリウム粉末は粒径100nmの市販品(堺化学工業株式会社製、商品名BT01)である。NN−BTを合成する際、ナトリウムとニオブのモル比が1:1となるように原料を秤量すると、焼結後の試料からBa4Nb2O9(ICDD35−1154)、Ba6Ti7Nb9O42(ICDD47−0522)、Ba3Nb4Ti4O21(ICDD70−1150)、Ba3Nb3.2Ti5O21(ICDD33−0170)の少なくとも一つと回折パターンが類似の不純物相が検出されることがあった。そのため、比較例1、2、4を作成する際には、目的組成に対して3%過剰のナトリウムを秤量している。これにより不純物相の発生が顕著に抑制された。比較例1,2,4のキュリー温度は、それぞれ160、190、240℃であった。
比較例1、2、4と同様の方法で試料を作成した。ただし、原料を秤量、混合する際に、ニオブ1molに対して0.1、0.25、0.5、0.75、1、2mol%の酸化銅(CuO)粉末を加えた。エックス線回折により、焼結体はペロブスカイト構造単相であることが確認できた。
銅の添加による20℃以上のキュリー温度の変化は観察されなかった。
実施例4と同様の方法で試料を作成した。ただし、酸化銅粉末の代わりに二酸化マンガン(MnO2)粉末を用いた。エックス線回折により、焼結体はペロブスカイト構造単相であることが確認できた。マンガンを加えたNN−BTの分極反転特性は、実施例4の分極反転特性(図6)と同様であった。つまり、マンガンも銅と同様にNN−BTの分極ピニングを解消する効果があることがわかった。さらには、マンガンは抵抗率を向上させる効果も確認された(表1)。ところが、マンガンを加えた試料は、本発明の銅を加えた試料と比較して、密度が低く、また機械的品質係数も低かった。
粒径が概ね100〜200nmであるニオブ酸ナトリウム粉末とチタン酸バリウム粉末を、目的組成Na1−xBaxNb1−xTixO3(x=0.12)になるように秤量して混合した。混合した粉末を大気中900から1100℃で空気中、2から5時間かけて仮焼した。仮焼粉を粉砕し、バインダーを加えて造粒した。造粒粉を金型内に充填し、圧縮することで直径17mm、厚みが約1mmの成形体を作製した。得られた成形体を1100から1300℃で空気中、2〜6時間焼成することにより、焼結体を得た。得られた焼結体中のナトリウムとニオブのモル比をICPで分析したところ、ナトリウムは目的組成からいずれも不足しており、最大で2%不足していた。バリウムとチタンの比率は概ね1:1であった。
比較例5と同様の方法で試料を作成した。ただし、原料を秤量、混合する際に、ニオブの0.5、0.75、1、1.5mol%の酸化銅粉末を加えた。エックス線回折により、試料はペロブスカイト構造単相であることが確認できた。
実施例4と同じ圧電材料を用いて、図1に示される液体吐出ヘッドを作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が確認された。
実施例4と同じ圧電材料を用いて、図2に示される超音波モータ作製した。交流電圧の印加に応じたモータの回転が確認された。
実施例4と同じ圧電材料を用いて、図3に示される塵埃除去装置を作製した。プラスチック製ビーズを散布し、交流電圧を印加したところ、良好な塵埃除去率が確認された。
102 個別液室
103 振動板
104 液室隔壁
105 吐出口
106 連通孔
107 共通液室
108 バッファ層
1011 第一の電極
1012 圧電材料
1013 第二の電極
201 振動子
202 ロータ
203 出力軸
204 振動子
205 ロータ
206 バネ
2011 弾性体リング
2012 圧電素子
2013 有機系接着剤
2041 金属弾性体
2042 積層圧電素子
310 塵埃除去装置
330 圧電素子
320 振動板
330 圧電素子
331 圧電材料
332 第1の電極
333 第2の電極
336 第1の電極面
337 第2の電極面
Claims (7)
- 下記一般式(1)で表わされるペロブスカイト型金属酸化物1molに対して、銅をy×0.05mol%以上y×2mol%以下含むことを特徴とする、圧電材料。
(NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、0.80≦x≦0.95、0.85≦y≦0.95、x<y) 式(1) - 圧電材料と、該圧電材料に設けられた一対の電極とを少なくとも有する圧電素子であって、前記圧電材料が請求項1に記載の圧電材料であることを特徴とする、圧電素子。
- 請求項2に記載の圧電素子を配した振動部を備えた液室と、前記液室と連通する吐出口を少なくとも有する、液体吐出ヘッド。
- 請求項2に記載の圧電素子を配した振動体と、前記振動体と接触する移動体を少なくとも有する、超音波モータ。
- 振動体に請求項2に記載の圧電素子を配した、塵埃除去装置。
- 請求項5に記載の塵埃除去装置を備えた、光学デバイス。
- 請求項2に記載の圧電素子を備えた圧電アクチュエータ、圧電センサまたは強誘電メモリのいずれかのデバイス。
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| JP5865608B2 (ja) | 2011-05-31 | 2016-02-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 配向性圧電セラミックス、圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、超音波モータおよび塵埃除去装置 |
| JP6080465B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-26 | 2017-02-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、圧電音響部品、および電子機器 |
| EP2867929B1 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2016-11-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material |
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| JP6249669B2 (ja) | 2012-08-27 | 2017-12-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、および電子機器 |
| WO2014119706A1 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material, piezoelectric device, and electronic apparatus |
| CN104969373A (zh) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-10-07 | 佳能株式会社 | 压电材料、压电器件和电子装置 |
| TWI518049B (zh) * | 2013-01-29 | 2016-01-21 | 佳能股份有限公司 | 壓電材料、壓電元件及電子設備 |
| TW201434789A (zh) | 2013-01-29 | 2014-09-16 | Canon Kk | 壓電材料、壓電元件及電子裝備 |
| WO2014119705A1 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material, piezoelectric element, and electronic equipment |
| EP2824094B8 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2018-12-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material, piezoelectric element, and electronic apparatus |
| JP6381294B2 (ja) | 2013-07-12 | 2018-08-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、および電子機器 |
| EP2824091B1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2020-02-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material, piezoelectric element, and electronic equipment |
| EP3099649B1 (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2018-07-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric ceramic, method for producing the same, piezoelectric element, multilayer piezoelectric element, liquid ejection head, liquid ejecting apparatus, ultrasonic motor, optical device, vibrating apparatus, dust-removing apparatus, imaging apparatus, and electronic device |
| US10516091B2 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-12-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic motor, drive control system, optical apparatus, and vibrator |
| US10536097B2 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2020-01-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic motor, drive control system, optical apparatus, and vibrator |
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| US10775681B2 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2020-09-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic motor, drive control system, optical apparatus, and vibrator |
| US11201571B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2021-12-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing an oscillator |
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| JP7013151B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-13 | 2022-01-31 | キヤノン株式会社 | 積層圧電素子、振動子、振動波モータ、光学機器および電子機器 |
| WO2022124794A1 (ko) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-06-16 | 주식회사 세라콤 | 내부 전기장을 포함하는 압전 단결정, 그 제조방법 및 그를 이용한 압전 및 유전 응용 부품 |
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