JP2012031755A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction machine capable of suppressing an increase in an axial dimension of an entire engine is provided.
An engine 9 is provided with a drive pulley 21 attached to a crankshaft 9A and a first driven pulley 23 disposed on the same plane CC adjacent to the drive pulley 21. A belt 26 is wound around the drive pulley 21 and the first driven pulley 23. A cooling fan that supplies cooling air to the heat exchanger such as the radiator 33 includes a first cooling fan 27 attached to the drive pulley 21 and a second cooling fan 30 attached to the first driven pulley 23. Consists of two fans. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size and the fan noise while maintaining the cooling performance.
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader, and more particularly to a construction machine provided with a heat exchanger, a cooling fan, or the like.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator as a typical example of a construction machine has a vehicle body composed of a crawler-type lower traveling body that can be self-propelled and an upper revolving body that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body. A working device is provided on the front side of the head so as to move up and down. And a hydraulic excavator performs excavation work of earth and sand, etc. using a working device, turning an upper revolving structure.

  Here, the upper swing body of the hydraulic excavator is positioned on the front side of the counter weight, which is provided on the rear end side of the swing frame for balancing the weight of the swing frame that forms the support structure, and the work device. An engine mounted on the swivel frame, a heat exchanger provided in the vicinity of the engine for cooling the heated liquid, and arranged to face the heat exchanger and driven by the engine to be a heat exchanger. And a cooling fan for supplying cooling air.

  In this case, the heat exchanger is composed of a radiator that cools the cooling water of the engine, an oil cooler that cools the hydraulic oil, etc., and the cooling fan rotates when the engine is operating, so that the cooling air is directed toward the heat exchanger. The liquid supplied and cooled, such as cooling water and hydraulic oil, can be cooled.

  By the way, as a hydraulic excavator used for excavation in a narrow work place such as an urban area, a small hydraulic excavator called a small turning type is known. This small swivel excavator is designed so that the upper swing body can swivel within the vehicle width of the lower traveling body, and the upper swing body is made as compact as possible by placing the counterweight close to the center of rotation. Is formed. For this reason, the small swivel hydraulic excavator has a very small device accommodation space in the exterior cover located on the front side of the counterweight by the amount the counterweight is brought close to the swivel center.

  On the other hand, in consideration of obtaining the same cooling performance (heat balance performance), for example, two cooling fans that supply cooling air to the heat exchanger make the blade diameter of the cooling fan smaller than one. Thus, the size of the cooling fan can be reduced, and the rotation speed of the cooling fan can be set small, so that the fan noise can be reduced.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a pair of drive pulleys are provided on the crankshaft of an engine so as to be axially separated from each other, and a first cooling fan is provided on a driven pulley driven by a drive pulley via a belt. A configuration is disclosed in which two cooling fans are driven by providing a second cooling fan in another driven pulley driven by another drive pulley via another belt.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-121422

  By the way, in the prior art mentioned above, it has the structure which drives two cooling fans using two belts. In order to prevent the two belts from interfering with each other, the other driving pulley, another belt and another driven pulley are provided so as to protrude to the heat exchanger side with respect to one driving pulley, the belt and the driven pulley. ing. For this reason, there exists a problem that the axial direction dimension of the whole engine containing each drive pulley, each belt, and each driven pulley increases.

  In addition, in the above-described conventional technology, it is necessary to provide two tension applying mechanisms for applying tension to the belt, one for each belt, and accordingly, the number of parts is increased and the structure is complicated. There is also a problem of increasing the size in the axial direction.

  In particular, in a small turning type hydraulic excavator, since the accommodation space of the mounted equipment including the engine is limited, it is not preferable that the axial dimension of the entire engine increases as described above.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can reduce the axial dimension of the entire engine even if a configuration in which two cooling fans are provided is employed. It is said.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a vehicle body provided with a working device and capable of traveling, an engine mounted on the vehicle body, a heat exchanger provided on the vehicle body for cooling a heated liquid, The present invention is applied to a construction machine that includes a cooling fan that is disposed facing a heat exchanger and is driven by the engine to supply cooling air to the heat exchanger.

  A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the engine is provided with a drive pulley attached to a crankshaft and a driven pulley disposed on the same plane adjacent to the drive pulley, A belt is wound between the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and the cooling fan is provided with a first cooling fan attached to the driving pulley and a second cooling fan attached to the driven pulley. It is to be constituted by two fans.

  The invention according to claim 2 is that the driven pulley is attached to a rotating shaft of a water pump for circulating the cooling water of the engine.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the two cooling fans, the first cooling fan and the second cooling fan, are provided, the cooling performance is improved as compared with the case of cooling with one cooling fan. It is possible to reduce the size of the fan and reduce the fan noise while maintaining it. In addition, since the first cooling fan and the second cooling fan are respectively mounted on the driving pulley and the driven pulley that are arranged on the same plane and wound by one belt, two belts are used. The number of parts can be reduced and the axial dimension of the entire engine including the drive pulley, the driven pulley, and the belt can be reduced as compared with the prior art that drives two cooling fans.

  For this reason, even when the accommodation space of the equipment including the engine is limited, such as a small-swivel hydraulic excavator, for example, a space can be provided around the engine, and the degree of freedom in design can be improved. . And since the space can be given a margin, for example, the performance and durability of other mounted devices around the engine can be improved, and the reliability of the construction machine can be improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the driven pulley is provided with the rotating shaft of the water pump for circulating the engine cooling water, the driven pump can drive the water pump together with the second cooling fan. it can. For this reason, the number of driven pulleys can be reduced, and also from this aspect, the number of parts can be reduced and the size can be reduced.

1 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the hydraulic excavator of FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner with the rear side of the exterior cover omitted. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view seen from the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 2 in a state where an engine, a heat exchanger, a cooling fan, and the like are omitted from a counterweight. It is an expansion perspective view of the (IV) part in FIG. 3 which shows a heat exchanger, a cooling fan, etc. It is an expanded sectional view seen from the arrow VV direction in FIG. 3 which shows an engine etc. It is an expanded sectional view seen from the arrow VI-VI direction in FIG. 5 which shows an engine, a heat exchanger, a cooling fan, etc.

  Hereinafter, as a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, for example, a small hydraulic excavator called a small turning type will be described as an example and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cab specification hydraulic excavator as a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 is mounted on a self-propelled lower traveling body 2 and on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be rotatable. In addition, the upper swing body 3 constituting the vehicle body and the work device 4 which is provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3 so as to be able to move up and down and perform excavation work of soil and the like are roughly constituted.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper-part turning body 3 has a width dimension in the left and right directions substantially equal to the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2 (interval between the left and right crawlers 2A). It is formed in a substantially circular shape. As a result, the excavator 1 is a small rear turning type in which the rear surface of the counterweight 8 (described later) is substantially within the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2 when the upper revolving body 3 performs the turning operation on the lower traveling body 2. It is configured as a hydraulic excavator.

  The upper revolving unit 3 includes a revolving frame 5 that forms a support structure formed using, for example, a thick steel plate, and a cab 6 that is provided on the left side of the front of the revolving frame 5 and defines a driver's cab. The exterior cover 7 provided from the right side to the rear side of the cab 6, the counterweight 8 attached to the rear end portion of the revolving frame 5, the engine 9, the hydraulic pump 11, the water pump 15, and the first described later. A cooling fan 27, a second cooling fan 30, a radiator 33, an oil cooler 34, a condenser 35, and the like are generally configured.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes an engine mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame 5. The engine 9 is disposed in a horizontally placed state in which the axis of the crankshaft 9 </ b> A extends leftward and rightward, and its four corners are arranged via vibration-proof mounts 10. Are attached to the revolving frame 5. A hydraulic pump 11 is attached to the left end side of the engine 9, and the hydraulic pump 11 is driven by the engine 9 to discharge hydraulic oil as pressure oil toward various actuators.

  A muffler 12 is attached to the left end side of the engine 9 and above the hydraulic pump 11. Here, the muffler 12 purifies exhaust gas discharged from the engine 9, silences exhaust sound, and the like. The exhaust gas purified and silenced by the muffler 12 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 13 extending from the muffler 12 toward the lower rear side of the engine 9.

  On the other hand, on the right end side of the engine 9, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, etc., the tip end portion of the crankshaft 9A protrudes at the lower side, and the tip end portion of the crankshaft 9A is described later. A drive pulley 21 is attached. Further, a water pump 15 to be described later is attached to the right end side of the engine 9 and above the crankshaft 9A, and an alternator 17 to be described later is provided on the front side of the water pump 15 as shown in FIG. It is supported via a bracket 14 so that its position can be adjusted.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a water pump (water pump) attached to the right end side of the engine 9 and above the crankshaft 9A. The water pump 15 is driven by the engine 9 to circulate cooling water of the engine 9. . For this purpose, a first driven pulley 23 to be described later is attached to the rotating shaft 15A of the water pump 15.

  Here, a connecting member 16 that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 15A is attached to the rotating shaft 15A of the water pump 15 by using a coupling means such as an interference fit or key coupling. A first driven pulley 23, a second spacer 31, and a second cooling fan 30, which will be described later, are attached to the connecting member 16.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes an alternator mounted on the right end side of the engine 9 at a position spaced forward from the water pump 15, and the alternator 17 generates power when driven by the engine 9. For this purpose, a second driven pulley 25 described later is also attached to the rotating shaft (not shown) of the alternator 17.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5 and the like, the alternator 17 has one attachment portion 17A rotatably attached to the engine 9 side, and the other attachment portion 17B is attached to the bracket 14 of the engine 9 in the directions indicated by arrows A and B. It is installed so that the position can be adjusted. Thereby, when the other mounting portion 17B of the alternator 17 is moved in the direction of arrow A along the bracket 14 of the engine 9, an appropriate tension can be applied to the belt 26 described later. On the other hand, when the other mounting portion 17B of the alternator 17 is moved in the arrow B direction along the bracket 14 of the engine 9, the belt 26 can be loosened and removed.

  Next, 21 is a drive pulley attached to the crankshaft 9A of the engine 9, and the drive pulley 21 drives a first driven pulley 23 and a second driven pulley 25 via a belt 26 described later. Is. Here, the drive pulley 21 is formed in an annular shape by, for example, a resin material, and a belt groove 21A around which the belt 26 is wound is provided on the outer diameter side. Further, the inner diameter side of the drive pulley 21 is attached to the crankshaft 9A of the engine 9 using a coupling means such as a key coupling. Thereby, the driving pulley 21 rotates integrally with the crankshaft 9A.

  A plurality of screw holes 21B are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the side surface of the drive pulley 21 (the side surface opposite to the engine 9). And it is the structure which attaches the below-mentioned 1st spacer 29 to the drive pulley 21 using the volt | bolt 22 screwed together in this screw hole 21B.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a first driven pulley attached to the rotating shaft 15A of the water pump 15. The first driven pulley 23 is disposed adjacent to the upper side of the driving pulley 21 and is connected to the rotating shaft 15A of the water pump 15. It is attached via a member 16.

  Here, the first driven pulley 23 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape by, for example, pressing a metal plate, and is attached in an inward flange shape sandwiched between the connection member 16 and the second spacer 31. A portion 23A, a cylindrical portion 23B extending from the outer peripheral edge of the mounting portion 23A to the water pump 15 side, and a belt groove that expands from the edge of the cylindrical portion 23B toward the outer diameter side and winds a belt 26 described later. A flange portion 23D provided with 23C is generally configured.

  A plurality of bolt insertion holes 23E are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the mounting portion 23A of the first driven pulley 23, and the bolts 24 inserted into the respective bolt insertion holes 23E are connected to the connection member 16. Are screwed together. And the 1st driven pulley 23 is attached to the connection member 16 using the volt | bolt 24 with the 2nd spacer 31 and the 2nd cooling fan 30 which are mentioned later.

  Further, the belt groove 23 </ b> C of the first driven pulley 23 is flush with the belt groove 21 </ b> A of the driving pulley 21 in a state where the first driven pulley 23 is attached to the rotating shaft 15 </ b> A of the water pump 15 via the connecting member 16. It is arranged on CC.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes a second driven pulley attached to the alternator 17, and the second driven pulley 25 is disposed above the drive pulley 21 and in front of the first driven pulley 23. Here, the second driven pulley 25 is formed in an annular shape from, for example, a resin material, and a belt groove (not shown) around which a belt 26 described later is wound is provided on the outer diameter side. The second driven pulley 25 is attached to the 17 rotation shaft of the alternator via a connecting member (not shown) such as a one-way clutch, so that the rotation of the second driven pulley 25 is rotated by the rotation of the alternator 17. It is configured to transmit to the shaft.

  In the state where the second driven pulley 25 is attached to the rotating shaft of the alternator 17, the belt groove of the second driven pulley 25 is the same as the belt groove 23C of the first driven pulley 23 and the belt groove 21A of the drive pulley 21. They are arranged on the same plane CC.

  A belt 26 is wound around the drive pulley 21, the first driven pulley 23, and the second driven pulley 25. The belt 26 is connected to the water pump by the crankshaft 9 A of the engine 9. 15, an alternator 17, a first cooling fan 27, and a second cooling fan 30, which will be described later, are rotationally driven. Here, the belt 26 is formed of, for example, an endless belt having a V-shaped cross section called a V belt, and is wound around the belt grooves 21 </ b> A and 23 </ b> C of the driving pulley 21, the first driven pulley 23, and the second driven pulley 25. Thus, the rotation of the drive pulley 21 is transmitted to the first driven pulley 23 and the second driven pulley 25.

  Reference numeral 27 denotes a first cooling fan attached to the drive pulley 21, and the first cooling fan 27 is disposed so as to face a radiator 33 described later. Here, the first cooling fan 27 includes a cylindrical portion 27A, an inwardly flanged mounting portion 27B provided on the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 27A, and a plurality of rows arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 27A. It is comprised with the sheet | seat 27C.

  Then, the first cooling fan 27 is attached to the drive pulley 21 via the first spacer 29 by attaching the attachment portion 27 </ b> B of the first cooling fan 27 to the first spacer 29 using the bolt 28. It has a configuration. Thus, the first cooling fan 27 rotates together with the drive pulley 21 driven by the engine 9 and supplies cooling air toward a radiator 33, an oil cooler 34, and a condenser 35 described later.

  The first spacer 29 has a function of adjusting the axial dimension between the first cooling fan 27 and the drive pulley 21. That is, the axial dimension of the first spacer 29 provided between the first cooling fan 27 and the drive pulley 21 and the second cooling fan 30 described later and the first driven pulley 23 are provided. The first cooling fan 27 and the second cooling fan 30 are positioned on the same plane DD by appropriately setting the axial dimension of the second spacer 31 thus formed.

  Reference numeral 30 denotes a second cooling fan attached to the first driven pulley 23, and the second cooling fan 30 is also arranged so as to face a radiator 33 described later, like the first cooling fan 27. . Here, the second cooling fan 30 also includes a cylindrical portion 30A, an inward flange-shaped attachment portion 30B provided on the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 30A, and a plurality of second cooling fans 30 arranged in a row on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 30A. It is comprised by the blade | wing 30C of the sheet.

  Then, by attaching the mounting portion 30B of the second cooling fan 30 to the second spacer 31 using the bolts 24, the second cooling fan 30 is connected to the first driven pulley via the second spacer 31. It is the structure attached to 23. As a result, the second cooling fan 30 rotates together with the first driven pulley 23 driven by the engine 9 via the drive pulley 21 and the belt 26, and is directed to a radiator 33, an oil cooler 34, and a condenser 35 described later. Supply cooling air.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a fan shroud attached to a back surface side (a side facing the engine 9) of a radiator 33, which will be described later. The fan shroud 32 is connected to the radiator 33 and the like from the first cooling fan 27 and the second cooling fan 30. The flow of the cooling air to be supplied is adjusted. Here, the fan shroud 32 surrounds the mounting portion 32 </ b> A attached to the radiator 33, the first cylindrical portion 32 </ b> B that surrounds the outer peripheral side of the first cooling fan 27, and the outer peripheral side of the second cooling fan 30. The second cylindrical portion 32C is roughly configured. Then, the cylinder portions 32B and 32C prevent the cooling air supplied from the cooling fans 27 and 30 from escaping to the outer diameter side, so that the radiator 33 and the like can be efficiently cooled.

  Reference numeral 33 denotes a radiator as a heat exchanger. As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the radiator 33 is located on the right side of the engine 9 and is provided on the revolving frame 5 so as to extend in the front and rear directions. Here, the radiator 33 cools the cooling water of the engine 9 by exchanging heat of the cooling water heated by the engine 9 and releasing it into the cooling air.

  Reference numeral 34 denotes an oil cooler as a heat exchanger, and the oil cooler 34 is attached to the front side of the radiator 33 (the side opposite to the engine 9). The oil cooler 34 cools the hydraulic oil by exchanging heat of the hydraulic oil flowing back from various actuators to a hydraulic oil tank (not shown) and releasing it into the cooling air. .

  Reference numeral 35 denotes a condenser as a heat exchanger. The condenser 35 is attached to the front side of the oil cooler 34. And the capacitor | condenser 35 cools this refrigerant | coolant by heat-exchanging the heat | fever of the refrigerant | coolant (compressed refrigerant | coolant) used for the air conditioner provided in the cab 6, and discharging | emitting in cooling air.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described below.

  First, when the engine 9 is driven, the crankshaft 9A rotates, and the rotation of the crankshaft 9A passes through the drive pulley 21, the belt 26, the first driven pulley 23, and the second driven pulley 25, the water pump 15, It is transmitted to the alternator 17. Thereby, the water pump 15 circulates the cooling water between the engine 9 and the radiator 33, and the alternator 17 generates power and supplies power to a battery (not shown).

  On the other hand, when the first cooling fan 27 is rotationally driven by the driving pulley 21 and the second cooling fan 30 is rotationally driven by the first driven pulley 23, the cooling fans 27 and 30 are connected to the radiator 33 and the oil. Cooling air is supplied to the cooler 34 and the condenser 35 to cool the cooling water, hydraulic oil, and refrigerant flowing through the radiator 33, the oil cooler 34, and the condenser 35.

  At this time, since the cooling air is supplied using the two fans 27 and 30 of the first cooling fan 27 and the second cooling fan 30, the cooling air is cooled by one cooling fan. In comparison, while maintaining the cooling performance, the blade diameter of the cooling fans 27 and 30 can be reduced and the size of the cooling fans 27 and 30 can be reduced, and the rotation speed of the cooling fans 27 and 30 can be set low. Reduction can be achieved.

  In addition, the first cooling fan 27 and the second cooling fan 30 are attached to the driving pulley 21 and the first driven pulley 23, which are arranged on the same plane CC and wound by one belt 26, respectively. The configuration. As a result, the number of parts can be reduced (the number of belts, pulleys, tension applying mechanisms, etc. is reduced) and the driving pulley 21 and the first follower can be reduced as compared with the conventional technique in which two cooling fans are driven using two belts. The axial dimension of the entire engine 9 including the pulley 23, the belt 26, and the like can be reduced.

  For this reason, for example, even when the accommodation space of the equipment including the engine 9 is limited, such as the small-swivel excavator 1, the space around the engine 9 can be provided with a degree of freedom in design. Can be improved. And since the space can be provided, for example, the performance and durability of other mounted devices around the engine 9 can be improved, and the reliability of the hydraulic excavator 1 can be increased.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the first driven pulley 23 is provided on the rotary shaft 15A of the water pump 15 that circulates the cooling water of the engine 9, so the second cooling fan 30 is provided by the driven pulley 23. At the same time, the water pump 15 can be driven. For this reason, the number of driven pulleys 23 and 25 can be reduced as compared with the case where driven pulleys that only drive the cooling fan are provided. From this aspect, the number of parts and the size can be reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the second cooling fan 30 is attached to the first driven pulley 23 provided on the rotating shaft 15A of the water pump 15 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the second cooling fan may be attached to the second driven pulley provided in the alternator. For example, in the case of an air-cooled engine that does not require a water pump, a driven pulley for driving only the cooling fan may be provided, and the second cooling fan may be attached to the driven pulley.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first spacer 29 is provided between the drive pulley 21 and the first cooling fan 27, and the drive pulley 21 and the first cooling fan 27 rotate at the same rotational speed. The case where it was configured as described above was described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a connection device (for example, a rotation device that can adjust the rotation speed of the cooling fan according to the temperature of the cooling air or the heat exchanger between the driving pulley and the first cooling fan) A fan drive device) may be provided. In this case, since the rotation speed of the cooling fan can be made variable according to the operating condition (cooling air or heat exchanger temperature), the cooling performance and the cooling efficiency can be further improved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the cab specification hydraulic excavator 1 using the cab 6 that covers the front, rear, left, right, and upper sides of the driver's seat has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, you may apply to the hydraulic shovel of canopy specification using the canopy which covers the upper part of a driver's seat. In this case, for example, a condenser for cooling the refrigerant used in the air conditioner can be omitted.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 1 has been described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to other construction machines such as a wheel loader, a hydraulic crane, and a bulldozer. Also good.

1 Excavator (construction machine)
2 Lower traveling body (car body)
3 Upper swing body (car body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Working device 5 Turning frame 9 Engine 9A Crankshaft 15 Water pump 15A Rotating shaft 21 Drive pulley 23 First driven pulley 25 Second driven pulley 26 Belt 27 First cooling fan 30 Second cooling fan 33 Radiator (heat Exchange)
34 Oil cooler (heat exchanger)
35 condenser (heat exchanger)

Claims (2)

A self-propelled vehicle body provided with a working device, an engine mounted on the vehicle body, a heat exchanger provided on the vehicle body for cooling the heated liquid, and disposed facing the heat exchanger; In a construction machine comprising a cooling fan that supplies cooling air to the heat exchanger by being driven by an engine,
The engine is provided with a drive pulley attached to the crankshaft and a driven pulley disposed on the same plane adjacent to the drive pulley,
A belt is wound around the drive pulley and the driven pulley,
2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the cooling fan comprises two fans, a first cooling fan attached to the driving pulley and a second cooling fan attached to the driven pulley.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the driven pulley is attached to a rotary shaft of a water pump that circulates cooling water of the engine.

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