JP2008188925A - Protective material and protective clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective material and protective clothes having a high protective performance against particularly the penetration of a liquid harmful chemical substance under a pressurized condition and harmful fine dusts, bacteria and aerosols such as virus and alleviating physiological burden since their weights are not sharply increased. <P>SOLUTION: The protective material has at least one or more absorbent layer 2 and a water-repellent/oil-repellent layer 3 layers, and when clothes are viewed from outside, one or more water-repellent/oil-repellent layers are arranged inside of the absorbent layer. The average monofilament diameter of the absorbent layer of at least one layer is ≥1 nm and ≤1,000 nm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective material and protective clothing having the performance of protecting workers handling hazardous chemical substances. More specifically, it can effectively protect workers from organic chemicals that are absorbed from the skin and have an adverse effect on the human body, particularly liquid organic chemicals, such as organic phosphorus compounds, and harmful fine dust, bacteria, viruses, etc. This also relates to protective materials and protective clothing that effectively protect workers from aerosols.

  Various types of protective clothing for protecting human bodies from harmful chemical substances have been proposed. For example, a material made of a material that does not allow penetration of harmful chemical substances, such as a rubber cloth, has been proposed. However, when these materials are used, although the protective performance is high, the workability is inferior because the fabric is heavy, and there is no air permeability and moisture permeability. Therefore, if you work in extreme heat or harsh physical work environment, It is subject to great heat stress and has the risk of serious health problems.

  In order to eliminate such problems, a technique is disclosed in which a porous film is formed on the front surface or the back surface of the dough to protect liquid chemical substances and reduce the feeling of stuffiness (for example, Patent Document 1). However, since these materials have insufficient moisture permeability or air permeability, it is impossible to eliminate the feeling of sultry under excessive heat or excessive exercise.

  In addition, a technique using a water- and oil-repellent fabric as a liquid organic chemical protection layer is also disclosed (for example, Patent Document 2). However, these materials require a fabric having a relatively large mass for protection, and as a result, there is a problem that the mass of the protective material and the protective garment is increased and the physiological burden is increased. Furthermore, complete protection against aerosols such as harmful fine dust, bacteria and viruses cannot be obtained.

JP-A-4-255342 JP-A-8-308945

  The present invention has been made against the background of the problems of the prior art, and has high protection performance against penetration of liquid harmful chemical substances under pressure, aerosols such as harmful fine dust, bacteria, viruses, etc. It is providing the protective material and protective clothing which suppress a physiological burden by not increasing significantly.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has been completed as a result of intensive studies. That is, the present invention is as follows.
1. A protective material having at least one absorbent layer and at least one water / oil repellent layer, wherein at least one water / oil repellent layer is disposed inside the absorbent layer as viewed from the outside of the clothes, The protective material whose average single fiber diameter of the above absorption layer is 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
2. 2. The protective material according to 1 above, wherein the water / oil repellent layer comprises a gas adsorbing substance.
3. A protective garment comprising the protective material according to 1 or 2 above.

  According to the present invention, there are provided protective materials and protective clothing that have high protection performance against aerosols such as liquid harmful chemical substances, harmful fine dust, bacteria, viruses, etc., and do not significantly increase mass, particularly under pressure. Since it is provided, it can be suitably used for applications such as protective materials for hazardous chemical substances and protective clothing that can suppress physiological burden even under excessive heat and excessive exercise.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The protective material according to the present invention has at least one absorption layer. This is a layer that absorbs and retains liquid and aerosol materials. In the case of a liquid substance, it is necessary to absorb it quickly by capillary action and diffuse it in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the average single fiber diameter of the absorbing layer is preferably 1000 nm or less. It is more preferably 500 nm or less because the effect of capillary action is increased by the small single fiber diameter. In addition, by reducing the average single fiber diameter, a high mass collection efficiency can be obtained with a small mass with respect to the aerosol substance, which is also useful in this respect.
Moreover, it is preferable that the average single fiber diameter of the absorption layer used for the protective material of this invention is 1 nm or more. If the thickness is less than 1 nm, not only fiberization becomes difficult, but physical properties close to those of a film are obtained, and it becomes difficult to obtain a practical strength and an excellent absorption layer. More preferably, it is 5 nm or more, More preferably, it is 10 nm or more.

  The material of the absorbent layer is not particularly limited, but rayon, polynosic, cupra, lyocell, acetate, triacetate, nylon, aramid, vinylon, vinylidene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, acrylic, acrylic, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyclar , Polyarylate, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, polycarbonate, polyparaphenylene benzoxazole (PBO), polybenzimidazole, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate , Polylactic acid, polypropylene, etc., and non-woven fabric is preferred as the absorbent layer It is have form. Further, these materials may be used alone, mixed, or sequentially laminated with another reinforcing base material to form a film.

  Nylon, polyurethane, and polycarbonate are preferred as the absorbent layer in view of the balance of air permeability, liquid substance absorbability, collection efficiency, and the like. Among them, polyurethane is most preferable in terms of comfort when applied to clothes.

  It is preferable that the absorption layer used for the protective material of this invention is a nonwoven fabric shape. If it is non-woven fabric shape, it can give excellent liquid substance and aerosol substance absorption performance, and has excellent balance of flexibility and extensibility. For example, when used as clothes, it is easy to work and can reduce stress. is there. In addition, it is one of preferable modes to form a film by individually or mixing these materials or sequentially laminating with another reinforcing base material.

The method for producing the nonwoven fabric absorbent layer described above is not particularly limited, and examples include known wet methods, dry methods, melt blown methods, spunbond methods, flash spinning methods, electrospinning methods, and composite fiber splitting methods. However, the electrospinning method is preferable from the viewpoint that the pressure loss is low and a nonwoven fabric having a fine fiber diameter can be produced.
The electrospinning method referred to here is a kind of solution spinning, which is a technique of applying a positive high voltage to a polymer solution and causing fiberization in the process of being sprayed on a grounded or negatively charged surface.

The weight of the absorbent layer used for the protective material of the present invention is preferably 5 to 100 g / m ² . If it is 100 g / m ² or less, even if laminated with a water / oil repellent layer, which will be described later, when used as a protective garment, the burden on the operator can be reduced without impairing the light weight and the motion following ability. On the other hand, if it is less than 5 g / m ² , problems are likely to occur in strength and particle collection characteristics. More preferably, it is 10-70 g / m < ² >, More preferably, it is 15-60 g / m < ² >.

The air permeability of the absorbent layer used in the protective material of the present invention is preferably 6 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or more in the air permeability test according to the method described in JIS L-1018 8.33. This is because if it is 6 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less, the air permeability is low and, for example, when used in protective clothing, the wearer's feeling of wear is significantly impaired.

The absorbent layer may be used alone, but it is also one of preferred forms to be combined with a breathable base material for reinforcement or protection. The air permeability of the substrate is preferably 10 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or more, and more preferably 20 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or more so as not to impair the air permeability of the absorbent layer. A sheet-like fiber aggregate or a breathable microporous film or membrane can be used for the substrate. Sheet fiber aggregates include natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, hair, and silk, regenerated fibers such as rayon, polynosic, cupra, and lyocell, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and triacetate, nylon, aramid, vinylon, vinylidene, and polychlorinated Examples include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic fibers such as vinyl, polyester, acrylic, acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyclar, polyarylate, polybenzazole, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, and the like. These fibers may be used alone or in combination by blending, union, union, etc. to form a sheet-like fiber assembly. Examples of the air-permeable microporous film or membrane include sheet-like materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymer polyester, polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, and acrylate. These materials may be used alone, mixed, or sequentially coated and laminated to form a film.

When the protective material for the absorbent layer is combined with the base material, it can be laminated by a laminating method while preventing the air permeability from being lowered and maintaining the flexibility of the material. When adhering with a polyurethane or acrylic ester emulsion, or when welding or fusing a substrate or the like, it is preferable to partially adhere in the form of dots instead of adhering to the entire surface. It is also possible to perform heat bonding through a low-weight nonwoven fabric, a net-like body, or a powder made of low-melting copolymer polyester, polyamide, or polyolefin. The adhesive used in the present invention is preferably non-woven. Since uniform application is difficult if it is in the form of particles, if it is adhered in a small amount, it cannot be adhered to the substrate, and if it is used in a large amount, it becomes hard.
In addition, the method of coating the substrate by the direct electrospinning method or the like does not require an adhesive, so that a decrease in air permeability can be minimized and is a very effective means.

  The protective material according to the present invention has at least one water / oil repellent layer. The water / oil repellent layer needs to play a role of preventing the liquid material held in the absorption layer from seeping out, and it is essential that the water / oil repellent layer is not easily wetted by the liquid material. In order to prevent the penetration of liquids having various properties, not only water repellency but also oil repellency is required. The water repellency is preferably 4 or more in the 6.2 spray test described in JIS L-1092, and the oil repellency is preferably 5 or more in AATCC Test Method 118. The method for imparting water / oil repellency is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spraying or impregnation with a known normal spray. The water and oil repellents are not particularly limited, such as fluorine resin, silicon resin, wax, and cellulose reaction system.

  The material of the water / oil repellent layer is not particularly limited, and rayon, polynosic, cupra, lyocell, acetate, triacetate, nylon, aramid, vinylon, vinylidene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, acrylic, acrylic, polyethylene, polyurethane , Polyclar, polyarylate, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, polycarbonate, polyparaphenylene benzoxazole (PBO), polybenzimidazole, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly Examples include butylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and polypropylene. Moreover, the form includes a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, and the like. These materials may be singly or mixed or sequentially laminated with another reinforcing base material.

The basis weight of the water / oil repellent layer used in the protective material of the present invention is preferably 5 to 100 g / m ² . If it is 100 g / m ² or less, even if it is laminated with an absorbent layer, when used as protective clothing, the lightness and movement following ability are not impaired, and the burden on the operator can be reduced. On the other hand, if it is less than 5 g / m ² , problems are likely to occur in strength and particle collection characteristics. More preferably, it is 10-70 g / m < ² >, More preferably, it is 15-60 g / m < ² >.

The air permeability of the water / oil repellent layer used in the protective material of the present invention is preferably 6 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or more in a breathability test according to the method described in JIS L-1018 8.33. This is because if it is 6 cm ³ / cm ² · sec or less, the air permeability is low and, for example, when used in protective clothing, the wearer's feeling of wear is significantly impaired.

  The water / oil repellent layer is preferably made of a gas adsorbing substance capable of adsorbing a gaseous organic chemical substance. By using a gas adsorbing substance, intrusion of gaseous harmful chemical substances in addition to liquid harmful chemical substances and aerosol harmful substances can be prevented, and this is a more preferable form.

  The gaseous organic chemical substance here is a compound having one or more carbon elements. It is a gaseous chemical substance having a relatively large molecular weight of 50 or more and capable of adsorbing activated carbon as a gas adsorbing substance. For example, common organic solvents such as organic phosphorus compounds used for agricultural chemicals, insecticides and herbicides, and toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform used for painting work and the like can be mentioned.

  Gas adsorbing substances used for the water / oil repellent layer include carbon adsorbents such as activated carbon and carbon black, or adsorbed substances targeted from inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolite adsorbent, silicon carbide, and activated alumina. Can be selected as appropriate. Among them, activated carbon that can deal with a wide range of gases is preferable. Especially, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity are large, and effective permeation suppression can be obtained by using a small amount. Further, when used as protective clothing, it impedes the mobility of workers. Fibrous activated carbon is more preferable because it is difficult.

The adsorption performance of the activated carbon is preferably 25 g / m ² or more, more preferably 30 g / m ² or more in terms of toluene adsorption performance. If the toluene adsorption performance is less than 25 g / m ² , many activated carbons are required to obtain sufficient protection, and the protective material becomes heavy.

  The average pore diameter of the activated carbon is preferably 200 nm or less. This is because when the average pore diameter is larger than 200 nm, the adsorbed gaseous organic chemical substance is easily desorbed.

  The pore volume of the activated carbon is preferably 0.25 cc / g or more, more preferably 0.3 cc / g or more. This is because if the pore volume is less than 0.25 cc / g, a large amount of activated carbon is required to obtain sufficient protective performance, and the protective material becomes heavy.

The BET specific surface area of the activated carbon is preferably 700 m ² / g or more and 3000 m ² / g or less, and more preferably 1000 m ² / g or more and 2500 m ² / g or less in order to obtain sufficient permeation suppression ability with a small amount of use. If the BET specific surface area is less than 700 m ² / g, a large amount of activated carbon is required to obtain sufficient protection, and the protective material becomes heavy. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3000 m ² / g, there arises a problem of desorbing the adsorbed gaseous organic chemical substance.

  The method of using fibrous activated carbon in order to obtain effective permeation suppression ability with a small amount of use is an effective means, but the raw material of fibrous activated carbon used at that time is natural cellulose fibers such as cotton and hemp Other examples include regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon, polynosic, and solvent spinning, and synthetic fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol fibers, acrylic fibers, aromatic polyamide fibers, lignin fibers, phenol fibers, and petroleum pitch fibers. From the physical properties (strength etc.) and adsorption performance of the fibrous activated carbon obtained, regenerated cellulose fibers, phenolic fibers and acrylic fibers are preferred. After weaving, knitting, and nonwoven fabric using these short fibers or long fibers of the raw material fibers and containing an appropriate flameproofing agent as necessary, flameproofing treatment is performed at a temperature of 450 ° C. or lower, Subsequently, fibrous activated carbon can be manufactured by the well-known method of activating carbonization at the temperature of 500 degreeC or more and 1000 degrees C or less.

  As a method for forming fibrous activated carbon into a sheet, a method of adhering a gas adsorbing substance to a sheet substrate with a binder, or a method of making an adsorbent into a slurry including an appropriate pulp and binder, and making a paper with a wet paper machine, or The adsorbent sheet can be obtained by a known method in which the activated carbon fiber raw material fibers are woven, knitted, or nonwoven fabric in advance and subjected to a flame resistance treatment as necessary, followed by carbonization and activation.

  Therefore, the form of the fibrous activated carbon sheet includes woven, knitted, non-woven, felt, paper, film, etc., but exercise workability when used as protective clothing, fit to the body, From the viewpoint of flexibility and the ease of imparting a laminating method and water / oil repellency, a woven, knitted or non-woven fabric is preferred.

  The stacking order of the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer requires that at least one or more water / oil repellent layers be arranged inside the absorbent layer as viewed from the outside of the garment. For example, in the case of one absorption layer and one water / oil repellent layer, if the stacking order is different, the liquid harmful chemical substance penetrates under pressure, and the effect cannot be obtained.

  The following methods can be used as means for laminating the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer. As a first method, a sheet-like, granular or powdery gas-adsorbing substance is bonded to the particle removal layer with an adhesive. In the second method, it is possible to sew without bonding and make a shape of a flash. As a third method, there is a method in which a particle removal layer is formed by directly applying a gas adsorption layer prepared in advance by an electrospinning method or the like. In the second and third laminating methods, lamination is possible without using an adhesive or the like, and a lightweight protective material is used. Therefore, a method for forming a flash shape and a laminating method for direct application are more preferable.

  Examples of the adhesive used in the first method described above include urethane-based, vinyl alcohol-based, ester-based, epoxy-based, vinyl chloride-based, olefin-based, etc., in order to suppress a decrease in moisture permeability due to lamination. Urethane type, vinyl alcohol type and ester type which are moisture permeable adhesives are preferable.

  The melt index of the adhesive to be used is preferably 100 g / 10 min or less, more preferably 80 g / 10 min or less. When a gas-adsorbing substance is used for the water / oil-repellent layer, by setting it to 100 g / 10 min or less, the area where the adhesive coats the surface of the gas-adsorbing substance becomes smaller at the time of bonding, and the gas adsorbing performance decreases due to lamination. Can be suppressed.

  Moreover, laminating with a non-woven adhesive is a useful means. Uniform application is difficult if the adhesive is in the form of particles or dope, and if adsorbed in a small amount, the adsorbent cannot be fixed, and if used in a large amount, it becomes hard and further causes a decrease in adsorption performance. Moreover, it is because air permeability will fall if it is a film form.

The basis weight of the laminate comprising the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer is preferably 300 g / m ² or less, more preferably 250 g / m ² or less. If it exceeds 300 g / m ² , the load on the wearer will increase, and sweat / steam emitted from the body cannot be treated only with air permeability.

As shown in FIG. 1, an outer layer additional layer may be provided on the outermost side of the laminated material composed of the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer. The purpose of the outer layer additional layer is to protect the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer from mechanical force given from the outside, to supplement the mechanical strength, and to provide the fabric with water repellency and oil repellency, A knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric is preferred.
As an outer layer additional layer, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric having a water repellency of 4 or more when subjected to the 6.2 spray test described in JIS L-1092 and an oil repellency of AATCC Test Method 118 of 4 or more. Can be used preferably, but it is recommended to use one that is flexible.
The laminated material consisting of the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer and the outer layer additional layer may be in a form bonded in advance with an adhesive, or in consideration of flexibility, sewed in a stacked state without bonding, You may make clothes.

As shown in FIG. 1, an inner layer additional layer may be provided on the innermost side of the laminated material composed of the absorbent layer and the water / oil repellent layer. Examples of the inner layer additional layer include materials such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and apertured films, but woven fabrics or knitted fabrics woven or knitted at a coarse density are preferable in terms of air permeability and flexibility.
The purpose of the inner layer additional layer is to protect the absorption layer and the water / oil repellent layer from mechanical force applied from the outside, and to suppress the sticky feeling of the protective clothing wearer due to sweat.

The basis weight of the laminate provided with the outer layer addition layer and / or the inner layer addition layer is preferably 500 g / m ² or less, more preferably 450 g / m ² or less. If it exceeds 500 g / m ² , the basis weight of the protective clothing will be increased, which will increase the physiological burden.

  EXAMPLES Next, although this invention is demonstrated concretely using an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not restrict | limited by these Examples. The evaluation described in the examples is based on the method described below.

(Liquid organic chemical permeability test under pressure)
Place Congo red paper on a glass plate, place a test product on it, and drop 25 μL of dioctyl phthalate onto it. Further, a 1 kg weight with a bottom area of 1 cm ² was placed thereon, and the seepage of Congo red paper after 8 hours was confirmed to determine penetration of the liquid organic chemical substance.

(Measurement of particle collection efficiency)
The measurement was carried out using a particle collection efficiency measuring instrument shown in FIG. 2 using polyalphaolefin particles having a particle diameter of 0.3 μm. The test product is installed in the duct and controlled by a valve so that the differential pressure between the upstream and downstream of the test product is 15 Pa. The number of polyalphaolefin particles upstream and downstream of the test product is measured using a particle counter (KC manufactured by RION Co., Ltd.). -14). The particle collection efficiency was calculated using the following formula.
Particle collection efficiency (%) = (1−the number of downstream particles / the number of upstream particles) × 100

(BET specific surface area)
The BET specific surface area was measured by measuring several points of nitrogen adsorption on the sample when the relative pressure was raised in the range of 0.0 to 0.15 in the atmosphere of the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (-195.8 ° C), and a BET plot. Was used to determine the surface area (m ² / g) per unit mass of the sample.

(Pore volume)
The pore volume was measured by a nitrogen gas adsorption method at a relative pressure of 0.95.

(Average pore diameter)
The average pore diameter was determined by the following formula.
dp = 4000 Vp / S (where dp: average pore diameter (nm))
Vp: pore volume (cc / g)
S: BET specific surface area (m ² / g)

(Average single fiber diameter)
The average single fiber diameter is photographed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and 20 fibers are randomly selected from a large number of fibers projected on a 5000 times or 10,000 times SEM image, and the single fiber diameter is measured. The average value of the measured 20 single fiber diameters was calculated and used as the average single fiber diameter.

(Adsorption performance)
Based on the toluene adsorption performance of JIS K-1477 5.7, the dilution factor n was measured at 10 and obtained from the following calculation formula.
q = ΔW / S
q: Amount of toluene adsorbed [g / m ² ]
ΔW: Increase by adsorption [g]
S: Area of sample [m ² ]

(mass)
According to JIS L-1018 8.4 and JIS L-1096 8.4.

(Breathable)
According to JIS L-1018 8.33 and JIS L-1096 8.4.

(Water repellency)
According to JIS L-1092 6.2.

(Oil repellency)
According to AATCC Test Method 118.

[Example 1]
Electrospun into a non-woven fabric made of a nonwoven fabric made of nylon resin using a spunbond method with a fabric (125 g / m ² ) that has been scoured, bleached, dyed, and water / oil repellent treated with a plain fabric using 40 count cotton yarn. The polyurethane resin was sprayed by the method to obtain an absorption layer (40 g / m ² ). Further, a non-woven fabric obtained by forming a polybutylene terephthalate resin into a non-woven fabric by a melt blow method was subjected to a water / oil repellent treatment by a conventional method to obtain a water / oil repellent layer (45 g / m ² ) having a water repellency of 5 and an oil repellency of 7 grade. Further, a fabric (45 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring and dyeing a knitted polyester filament (33 dtex, 18 filament) by a conventional method was used as an inner layer additional layer, and these were superposed to obtain a protective material. Table 1 shows the mass of the protective material, the air permeability, the liquid organic chemical permeability test result under pressure, the average single fiber diameter of the absorbent layer, and the particle collection efficiency.

[Example 2]
A plain fabric using 40 yarn count cotton is scoured, bleached, dyed and treated with water and oil repellent (125 g / m ² ) as an outer layer, and a polybutylene terephthalate resin is made into a non-woven fabric by the melt blow method. A polyurethane resin was sprayed by a spinning method to obtain an absorption layer (25 g / m ² ). Further, a knitted fibrous activated carbon made of novolac-based phenol resin fibers was subjected to a water / oil repellent treatment by a conventional method to obtain a water / oil repellent layer (125 g / m ² ) having a water repellency of 5 and an oil repellency of 6 grades. Further, a fabric (45 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring and dyeing a knitted polyester filament (33 dtex, 18 filament) by a conventional method was used as an inner layer additional layer, and these were superposed to obtain a protective material. Table 1 shows the mass of the protective material, the air permeability, the liquid organic chemical permeability test result under pressure, the average single fiber diameter of the absorbent layer, and the particle collection efficiency.

[Comparative Example 1]
A fabric (125 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring, bleaching, dyeing, and water / oil / oil repellency treatment of a plain fabric using 40 yarns of cotton yarn by a conventional method was used as an outer layer additional layer. Further, after spraying polyurethane resin by electrospinning on a nonwoven fabric made of nylon resin by spunbond method, water repellent and oil repellent treated by a conventional method, a layer of water repellency 5 and oil repellency 7 (40 g / m ² ) and a non-woven fabric (40 g / m ² ) obtained by forming a polybutylene terephthalate resin into a non-woven fabric by a melt blow method was laminated. Further, a fabric (45 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring and dyeing a knitted polyester filament (33 dtex, 18 filament) by a conventional method was used as an inner layer additional layer, and these were superposed to obtain a protective material. Table 1 shows the mass of the protective material, the air permeability, the liquid organic chemical permeability test result under pressure, the average single fiber diameter of the absorbent layer, and the particle collection efficiency.

[Comparative Example 2]
A fabric (125 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring, bleaching, dyeing, and water / oil / oil repellency treatment of a plain fabric using 40 yarns of cotton yarn by a conventional method was used as an outer layer additional layer. Further, after spraying a polyurethane resin by electrospinning on a non-woven fabric made of polybutylene terephthalate resin by melt blow, a layer having a water repellency of 5 and an oil repellency of 7 grades (25 g / m ² ) and a knitted fibrous activated carbon made of novolac-based phenolic resin fiber were subjected to water / oil repellency treatment by a conventional method, and a layer (125 g / m ² ) having water repellency 5 and oil repellency 6 was laminated. Further, a fabric (45 g / m ² ) obtained by scouring and dyeing a knitted polyester filament (33 dtex, 18 filament) by a conventional method was used as an inner layer additional layer, and these were superposed to obtain a protective material. Table 1 shows the mass of the protective material, the air permeability, the liquid organic chemical permeability test result under pressure, the average single fiber diameter of the absorbent layer, and the particle collection efficiency.

  Examples 1 and 2 are suitable protective materials having excellent liquid organic chemical permeability and particle collection efficiency under pressure, whereas Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were permeated with liquid organic chemicals.

  The protective material and protective clothing of the present invention can protect particularly liquid organic chemicals and aerosol substances by laminating an absorbent layer and a water- and oil-repellent layer in an appropriate order, and without significantly increasing the mass, It is related to protective materials and protective clothing that can suppress physiological burden by having breathability, and can be used for protective clothing, agricultural materials, protective tents, medical supplies, etc., contributing to the industry It is great to do.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the protective material of this invention. It is the schematic of the test apparatus used for particle collection efficiency measurement.

Explanation of symbols

1: Outer layer additional layer 2: Absorbing layer 3: Water / oil repellent layer 4: Inner layer additional layer 5: Particle generator 6: Duct 7: Test article 8: Differential pressure gauge 9: Valve 10: Blower 11: Particle measuring instrument 12: Sampling tube

Claims (3)

  A protective material having at least one absorbent layer and at least one water / oil repellent layer, wherein at least one water / oil repellent layer is disposed inside the absorbent layer as viewed from the outside of the clothes, The protective material whose average single fiber diameter of the above absorption layer is 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.   The protective material according to claim 1, wherein the water / oil repellent layer comprises a gas adsorbing substance. A protective garment comprising the protective material according to claim 1.

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