JP2007224040A - カルボニル化処理の流れからの過マンガン酸塩還元化合物及びアルキルヨウ化物の除去 - Google Patents
カルボニル化処理の流れからの過マンガン酸塩還元化合物及びアルキルヨウ化物の除去 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 150000001351 alkyl iodides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 67
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 18
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- BLXSFCHWMBESKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodopentane Chemical compound CCCCCI BLXSFCHWMBESKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ICJVSPOCMLQAJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;iodomethane Chemical compound IC.CC(O)=O ICJVSPOCMLQAJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/43—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C51/44—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C51/12—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
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Abstract
【解決手段】メタノールのカルボニル化による生成物の精製工程の中間流の軽質相から過マンガン酸塩還元化合物、例えば、アセトアルデヒド、アルキルヨウ化物等不純物を除去することにより、高純度酢酸を得ることが出来る。具体的には、軽沸相を蒸留してアセトアルデヒド等を濃縮し、これを第2蒸留塔に導き、さらに蒸留により得た軽沸分を溶媒抽出して、アセトアルデヒド等を除去することが出来る。
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明は、VIII族金属カルボニル化触媒の存在下におけるメタノールのカルボニル化により形成される過マンガン酸塩還元化合物(permanganate reducing compound)及びアルキルヨウ化物を除去するための新規方法に関する。特には、本発明は、前記カルボニル化処理により酢酸を形成する間に中間流から過マンガン酸塩還元化資物及びアルキルヨウ化物を減少させ、及び/又は除去するための新規方法に関する。
現在用いられている酢酸の合成方法のうち、商業的に最も有用なものの1つは、1973年10月30日にPaulikらに対して発行された米国特許第3,769,329号に教示されるもののような一酸化炭素を用いるメタノールの触媒カルボニル化である。このカルボニル化触媒は、液体反応媒体中に溶解しているか、もしくは他の方法で分散され、さもなければ不活性固体で支持されているロジウムを、ヨウ化メチルで例示される触媒促進剤を含むハロゲンと共に含む。このロジウムは多くの形態のうちのいずれの形態ででも反応系に導入することができ、それは、実際にそれが可能であるとして、活性触媒複合体内でのロジウム部分の正確な性質を確認することとは関連しない。同様に、ハロゲン化物促進剤の性質は重要ではない。この特許権者は非常に多くの好適な促進剤を開示しており、その大部分は有機ヨウ化物である。この反応は、液体反応媒体中に溶解している触媒を用いて行い、それを通して一酸化炭素ガスを連続的に泡立てることが最も典型的であり、かつ有用である。
軽留蒸留カラムからの軽留相が過マンガン酸塩還元化合物、特にはアセトアルデヒドを含むカルボニルを含有することが発見されており、これはさらに濃縮してこのプロセスから除去することができる。本発明の一側面においては、これらの軽留相を2回蒸留し、一度は蒸留器カラムを通すもので、これはアセトアルデヒド、ヨウ化メチル、及び酢酸メチルを酢酸及び水から分離する役目を果たす。第2の蒸留カラムはアセトアルデヒドをヨウ化メチル及び酢酸メチルから分離する役目を果たし、本質的には、アセトアルデヒドを濃縮してそれをプロセスから除去する役目を果たす。本発明の別の側面においては、この第2の蒸留から生じる蒸留物を抽出器に導いて濃縮アセトアルデヒドを分別し、残留飽和有機ヨウ化物溶液をカルボニル化反応器に戻すことができる。
このカルボニル化系、特にはこの方法において用いられる蒸留カラムを停止したとき、アセトアルデヒドのポリマーが形成され、第2カラムの基底部に集積する傾向にあることが見出されている。本発明の別の側面ではこの問題を取り扱う方法が記載される。第2蒸留カラム内の流れと内部流(例えば、酢酸又は酢酸メチルを大きな割合で含むもの)との接触を維持するための溶媒の一定の流れにより、そのユニットを停止した際にポリマーを含まないカラム基底部が生じることが見出されている。基底部にポリマーを集積させないことで、比較的問題なく、効率的に、かつ高い対費用効果でカラムを停止させ、続いて始動させることができる。
(a)酢酸及び水を含む軽質相を蒸留器に導き、該蒸留器は該混合物を、水及び酢酸を含む残滓流(1)並びにヨウ化メチル、酢酸メチル、メタノール、C1−12アルキルヨウ化物、及び過マンガン酸塩還元化合物(PRC)を含むオーバーヘッド流(2)の2つの流れに分離するものであり;
(b)工程(a)の流れ(1)を該反応器に戻し、及び工程(a)の流れ(2)を第2蒸留器に導き、該第2蒸留器はPRC及びアルキルヨウ化物を該混合物から除去する役目を果たすものであり;
(c)工程(b)の除去した混合物は抽出器に導いてそこから有機ヨウ化物化合物を除去してもよく;かつ
(d)濃縮したPRC及びアルキルヨウ化物を廃棄のために分別し、(c)の有機ヨウ化物相を、PRC及びC1−12アルキルヨウ化物の含有割合が低い流れとしてカルボニル化反応器に戻す、
を特徴とする方法に向けられている。
本発明の精製方法は、VIII族金属触媒、例えば、ロジウム及びヨウ化物促進剤の存在下においてメタノールを酢酸にカルボニル化するのに用いられるあらゆるプロセスにおいて有用である。特に有用なプロセスは、前述の米国特許第5,001,259号に例示されるもののようなメタノールから酢酸への低水量ロジウム触媒カルボニル化である。一般に、この触媒系のロジウム成今はロジウムとハロゲン成分との配位化合物の形態で存在するものと考えられており、このハロゲン成分はこのような配位化合物の少なくとも1つの配位子をもたらす。ロジウムとハロゲンとの配位に加えて、一酸化炭素がロジウムと配位するものとも考えられている。この触媒系のロジウム成分は、ロジウム金属、ロジウム塩、例えば酸化物、酢酸塩、ヨウ化物等、又はロジウムの他の配位化合物等を反応域に導入することにより得ることができる。
a)第1濃縮器内で該第1蒸気相酢酸流を濃縮し、かつそれを二相性に分離して第1重質液相生成物及び第1軽質液相生成物を形成し、ここで該第1重質液相は該第1軽質液相生成物よりも高い割合の触媒成分を含み;
b)該軽質液相生成物を第1蒸留カラムにおいて蒸留し、該蒸留は該第1蒸気相酢酸流に対してアルデヒド及びアルキルヨウ化物に富む第2蒸気相酢酸生成物流を形成するのに有効なものであり;
c)該第2蒸気相流を第2濃縮器内で濃縮し、かつそれを二相性に分離して第2重質液相生成物及び第2軽質液相生成物を形成し、ここで該第2重質液相生成物は該第2軽質液相生成物よりも高い割合の触媒成分を含み;及び
d)該第2軽質液相生成物を第2蒸留カラムにおいて蒸留し、ここで該処理は華第1蒸気相酢酸流中の少なくとも50%のアルキルヨウ作物及びアルデヒド不純物並びに少なくとも20%のプロピオン酸不純物をアルデヒド及びアルキルヨウ化物廃棄物流に除去するの有効なものである、
ことを包含する方法が開示される。
a)軽質相有機物質:を含む容器16からのオーバーヘッド流をカラム18に導き、上述の通りに処理すること;
b)容器16からの重質相有機物質を含む残津流をカラム18に導き、上述の通り処理すること;
c)軽留容器排出デカンターからの流れ、好ましくは残滓流を流れ29を用いて導き、上述の通り処理すること;
d)軽留排出ストリッパーカラムからの流れを導き、上述の通り処理すること;
e)高濃度のPRC、プロピオン酸及びアルキルヨウ化物不純物を含む上記流れ(a−d)のあらゆる組み合わせ、
が含まれるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
1.より少ないプロピオン酸;
2.より少量のRhをカルボニル化反応に用いることができる;
3.生成物酢酸中のより少ない全ヨウ化物;
4.より低濃度のPRC;
5.過マンガン酸塩時間試験値の増加。
1.EP'662は重質相を用いる;軽質相が示唆されてはいるが、その使用についての教示は示されていない;それは、3つの他の可能な流れと共にそれを用いることを示唆するにすぎない;
2.EP'662は、反応条件を最適化して反応器内で400ppmのアルデヒドという目的を達成しようと試みている。反応条件を最適化することにより、カルボニル不純物は形成しないものと考えられる。本発明の方法は条件の最適化は行わず、むしろ形成された不純物を蒸留除去する。本発明の方法は存在する不純物の取り扱いに向けられており、カルボニル含有不純物/化合物の形成の回避には向けられていない。
3.本発明者らは、第2蒸留塔を停止することによるアセトアルデヒドの重合の問題を発見している。この問題はEP'662においては認識されていなかった。
Claims (5)
- メタノールから酢酸生成物へのカルボニル化において用いられる塔におけるアセトアルデヒドの、該塔を停止させる間の重合を抑制する方法であって、該メタノールはVIII族金属触媒、有機ヨウ化物及びヨウ化物塩触媒促進剤を含む好適な液相反応媒体中でカルボニル化し;該カルボニル化の生成物は生成物を含む揮発性相とVIII族金属触媒、酢酸、及びヨウ化物触媒促進剤を含む揮発性に劣る相とに分離し;該生成物相は蒸留塔において蒸留して精製生成物並びに有機ヨウ化物、酢酸メチル、水、酢酸、及び未反応メタノールを含むオーバーヘッドを得、該オーバーヘッドの少なくとも一部はオーバーヘッド受容器デカンターに導き、該オーバーヘッド受容器デカンターは該オーバーヘッドを酢酸及び水を含む軽質相と酢酸メチル及び有機ヨウ化物を含む重質相とに分離し;かつ、該重質相をカルボニル化反応器に再循環させる方法であって、以下を含む改善:
(a)該軽質相を蒸留器に導き、該蒸留器は該混合物を、水及び酢酸を含む残滓流(1)並びにヨウ化メチル、酢酸メチル、メタノール、C2−12アルキルヨウ化物、及びアセトアルデヒドを含むオーバーヘッド流(2)の2つの流れに分離するものであり;
(b)工程(a)の流れ(1)を該反応器に戻し、及び工程(a)の流れ(2)を第2蒸留器に導き、該第2蒸留器はアセトアルデヒドを該混合物から除去する役目を果たすものであり;
(c)工程(b)の流れ(2)を、酢酸、酢酸メチル、メタノール、水、酢酸メチル、ヨウ化メチル、アセトアルデヒド又はそれらの組み合わせの群から選択される溶媒を含む流れと、アセトアルデヒドのポリマーの形成を回避するのに十分な量接触させ;
(d)濃縮したアセトアルデヒドを廃棄のために分別し、有機ヨウ化物相をカルボニル化反応器に戻す、
を特徴とする方法。 - 溶媒が主として酢酸である、請求項1の方法。
- 溶媒を約0.25−5ガロン毎分(gpm)の速度で流れ2bと接触させる、請求項1の方法。
- 溶媒を約0.5−2gpmの間の速度で接触させる、請求項3の方法。
- 溶媒をカラムの基底部で流れ2bと接触させる、請求項4の方法。
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| US73536196A | 1996-10-18 | 1996-10-18 |
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| JP2007108250A Expired - Lifetime JP4512608B2 (ja) | 1996-10-18 | 2007-04-17 | カルボニル化処理の流れからの過マンガン酸塩還元化合物及びアルキルヨウ化物の除去 |
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| JP2011502145A (ja) * | 2007-10-30 | 2011-01-20 | セラニーズ・インターナショナル・コーポレーション | 昇圧での蒸留による酢酸メチルからのアセトアルデヒドの除去 |
| WO2012046593A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-04-12 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | 酢酸の製造方法 |
| US8940932B2 (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2015-01-27 | Daicel Corporation | Process for producing acetic acid |
| JP5872477B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-06 | 2016-03-01 | 株式会社ダイセル | 酢酸の製造方法 |
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