JP2001518005A - 水処理 - Google Patents
水処理Info
- Publication number
- JP2001518005A JP2001518005A JP53065098A JP53065098A JP2001518005A JP 2001518005 A JP2001518005 A JP 2001518005A JP 53065098 A JP53065098 A JP 53065098A JP 53065098 A JP53065098 A JP 53065098A JP 2001518005 A JP2001518005 A JP 2001518005A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- coil
- salt
- cartridge
- coils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/484—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using electromagnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/24—Magnetic effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/48—Devices for applying magnetic or electric fields
- C02F2201/483—Devices for applying magnetic or electric fields using coils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.逆浸透膜および該膜のそれぞれの側にある液体を変動する磁場にさらす工程 を含むことを特徴とする方法。 2.請求の範囲第1項記載の方法であって溶存固形分を水から除去する方法にお いて、該方法は、前記逆浸透膜で介接された塩捕捉流路を経て前記水を送り込み 、該膜、該塩捕捉流路中の水、および該膜を通過した水を前記変動する磁場へさ らすことを含むことを特徴とする方法。 3.請求の範囲第2項記載の方法において、該方法は、電流値が変動する電流を コイルを通して供給し、これによって前記変動する磁場を生成する工程を含こと を特徴とする方法。 4.請求の範囲第3項記載の方法において、該方法は、前記塩捕捉流路の長手方 向に沿って離隔された2つのコイルのそれぞれに大きさの変化する電流を供給す る工程を含み、該コイルは、これによって発生した磁場が重なるように配置され ていることを特徴とする方法。 5.請求の範囲第4項記載の方法において、該方法は、前記塩捕捉流路の長手方 向に沿って離隔配置された3つのコイルへ三相交流電流を供給する工程を含み、 該コイルはこれによって発生した磁場が重なるように配置されていることを特徴 とする方法。 6.各側に液流路を有する逆浸透膜と、変化する磁場を該膜および該流路へ印加 する手段とを含むことを特徴とする装置。 7.請求の範囲第6項記載の装置であって溶存固形分を水から除去する装置にお いて、該装置は、前記逆浸透膜によって介接された塩捕捉流路と、該塩捕捉流路 へ水を送り込んで該水を該塩捕捉流路に流す手段とを含み、該塩捕捉流路は前記 磁場中におかれ、使用時には、該塩捕捉流路中の水が前記変動する磁場にさらさ れることを特徴とする装置。 8.請求の範囲第7項記載の装置において、該装置は、コイルと、大きさの変動 する電圧を該コイルへ供給する手段とを含み、これによって該コイルは前記変動 する磁場を生成することを特徴とする装置。 9.請求の範囲第8項記載の装置において、該装置は、細長い形状のケーシング と、該ケーシング内の細長い形状のカートリッジと、少なくとも2つのコイルと を含み、該カートリッジは多数の塩捕捉流路に介接している半透膜を含み、該コ イルは前記ケーシングの長さ方向に沿って離隔配置されていることを特徴とする 装置。 10.請求の範囲第9項記載の装置において、該装置は、前記ケーシングの長さ方 向に沿って離隔配置されている3つのコイルを含み、三相交流電源があって、そ れぞれのコイルは該相のうちの1相に接続され、これによって該3つのコイルに より生成された磁場は相互に位相がずれていることを特徴とする装置。 11.請求の範囲第10項記載の装置において、前記給水する手段は、三相電気モー タで駆動されるポンプを含み、該モータは、前記三相交流電源へ前記コイルを経 由して接続され、該コイルは、該モータのチョークとして動作することを特徴と する装置。 12.請求の範囲第11項記載の装置において、該装置は、前記コイルと前記モータ との間に可変周波数交流駆動装置を含むことを特徴とする装置。 13.請求の範囲第12項記載の装置において、該装置は、前記ポンプの圧力口の圧 力を計測し前記駆動装置へ制御信号を供給する圧力センサを含み、これによって 前記駆動装置は、前記圧力口で定圧を与えるような方法で前記モータを制御する ことを特徴とする装置。 14.請求の範囲第9項記載の装置において、該装置は、前記給水する手段と前記 カートリッジとの間に複数の穴がある板を含み、該板の穴は、前記水を複数の流 れに分割し、該水の流れを前記カートリッジの端部に向け、これによって前記塩 捕捉流路にはいる水は渦流を有し、前記板を通じて圧力の低下があることを特徴 とする装置。 15.請求の範囲第8項ないし第14項のいずれかに記載の装置において、前記ケー シングは硬化性樹脂で補強された繊維でできた円筒状の壁を有し、前記コイルは 該円筒状の壁に固着されていることを特徴とする装置。 16.請求の範囲第15項記載の装置において、該装置は、前記コイルまたはそれぞ れのコイルの放射方向内向きおよび放射方向外向きのゲル層を含み、該層は該コ イルまたはそれぞれのコイルを保護し緩衝することを特徴とする装置。 17.請求の範囲第9項、第10項、第11項、第12項、第13項または第14項に記載の 装置において、前記コイルは前記磁場が重なるように配置されていることを特徴 とする装置。 18.逆浸透により塩捕捉流路内の水から溶存固形分を除去するカートリッジの効 果を高める改造装置において、該装置は、該カートリッジを取り囲むコイルと、 該コイルへ変動する電流を印加する手段とを含み、これによって該コイルは、強 度の変動する磁場を生成し、前記塩捕捉流路中の水へ該磁場をさらすことを特徴 とする改造装置。 19.請求の範囲第18記載の改造装置において、前記コイルは、被覆の形状に丸め ることができる材質のシートの片面へ固着された複数本の電線を含み、前記シー トを被覆の形状に保持する固締手段と、前記電線を互いに接続し、該シートが被 覆の形状へ丸められると、該電線が互いに接続されてコイルを形成する手段とが あることを特徴とする改造装置。 20.請求の範囲第18項記載の改造装置において、該装置は、前記シートに固着さ れている1つまたはそれ以上のコイルを含むことを特徴とする改造装置。 21.水から溶存固形分を除去する方法において、該方法は、該水を逆浸透膜によ って介接された塩捕捉流路を通して送り込み、該塩捕捉流路中の水を変動する磁 場にさらすことを含むことを特徴とする方法。 22.水から溶存固形分を除去する装置において、該装置は、逆浸透膜によって介 接された塩捕捉流路と、該流路へ水を送って該流路に沿って該水を流す手段と、 強度が変化する磁場を生成する手段とを含み、前記塩捕捉流路は、該磁場中に配 置され、使用中は、該流路の水が該磁場にさらされることを特徴とする装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA97/0187 | 1997-01-09 | ||
| ZA97187 | 1997-01-09 | ||
| PCT/GB1998/000054 WO1998030501A2 (en) | 1997-01-09 | 1998-01-09 | Treatment of water by reverse osmosis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001518005A true JP2001518005A (ja) | 2001-10-09 |
| JP4307560B2 JP4307560B2 (ja) | 2009-08-05 |
Family
ID=58232800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53065098A Expired - Fee Related JP4307560B2 (ja) | 1997-01-09 | 1998-01-09 | 水処理 |
Country Status (44)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008534271A (ja) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-08-28 | グラハムテック テクノロジーズ シンガポール ピーティーイー エルティーディー | 水の脱塩および液体の濾過に使用するケースの製造 |
Families Citing this family (68)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9612002A (pt) * | 1995-12-13 | 1999-12-28 | Garfield Int Invest Ltd | Dessanilização de água |
| CO5241319A1 (es) * | 1999-03-29 | 2003-01-31 | Garfield Int Invest Ltd | Cartuchos de osmosis invertida y membranas de osmosis invertida |
| WO2001038226A2 (de) * | 1999-11-23 | 2001-05-31 | Dietrich Reichwein | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von flüssigkeiten |
| US6783687B2 (en) | 2002-02-13 | 2004-08-31 | Gordon L. Richard | Method and apparatus for separating ions from a fluid stream |
| US6852219B2 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2005-02-08 | John M. Hammond | Fluid separation and delivery apparatus and method |
| WO2004022491A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-18 | Biolab, Inc. | Disinfection of reverse osmosis membrane |
| US20050056579A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2005-03-17 | Hodgson John Andrew | Water magnetizer |
| US6971409B2 (en) | 2003-05-07 | 2005-12-06 | Dietrich Reichwein | Method and apparatus for the treatment of fluids |
| US7632410B2 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2009-12-15 | Christopher Heiss | Universal water purification system |
| WO2005119007A1 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Desalination method |
| CN1303003C (zh) * | 2004-10-28 | 2007-03-07 | 王建中 | 反渗透海水淡化脉冲电磁场预处理方法 |
| DE102004062535A1 (de) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Semipermeables Membransystem für magnetische Partikelfraktionen |
| CN100396365C (zh) * | 2005-01-21 | 2008-06-25 | 赵仁兴 | 一种改善人工合成固膜分离性能的方法 |
| CN1312052C (zh) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-04-25 | 北京众博达石油科技有限公司 | 微耗智能广谱电子除垢防垢方法 |
| CN101151089A (zh) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-03-26 | 格拉哈姆泰克技术新加坡私人有限公司 | 用于淡化和过滤的膜的制造 |
| GB2431154B (en) * | 2005-10-15 | 2011-05-18 | Daniel Stefanini | Purification treatment of water |
| US7470349B1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2008-12-30 | Joel Miller | Pressure desalination |
| US8119008B2 (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2012-02-21 | Christopher Heiss | Fluid purification methods and devices |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2008534271A (ja) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-08-28 | グラハムテック テクノロジーズ シンガポール ピーティーイー エルティーディー | 水の脱塩および液体の濾過に使用するケースの製造 |
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