JP2000093110A - Aloe solution and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] (with correction) [Problem] In a concentrated state, there are few causative substances such as oxalic acid and the like, which are low in viscosity, high in transparency, no precipitate is generated, and low in viscosity. An aloe solution rich in mucopolysaccharide, which is a useful component, and a method for producing the same are provided. SOLUTION: a) The content of oxalic acid in 1 g of an aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is 1 mg or less, and b) The solution is 660 n in a glass cell having a cell thickness of 1 cm.
the transmittance measured at a wavelength of m is 95% or more;
c) The solution is heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and there is no precipitation after storage at 10 ° C. for 10 days. d) The solution has a viscosity of 1
0 mPa · s or less, and e) the content of glucosamine in 1 g of the same solution is 0.05 to 0.5 mg, a solution derived from aloe mesophyll having physicochemical properties,
Treated with an enzyme mixture containing pectinase,
A method for producing an aloe solution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an aloe solution and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the present invention
A solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing the gel portion of aloe mesophyll is treated with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component, so that the whole aloe mesophyll can be used, and the useful component muco Rich in saccharides, low in viscosity, can be used as a concentrated solution, added calcium agent and filtered, without reducing mucopolysaccharides, causing causative substances such as oxalic acid, bitterness, astringency, etc. And insoluble substances are removed, the transparency is high,
The present invention relates to an aloe solution that can be widely applied as a food material and does not produce a precipitate, and a method for producing the aloe solution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for producing a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing a gel portion of aloe mesophyll, a method of homogenizing aloe mesophyll, the outer skin of which has been removed from aloe leaf, or, if necessary, a method of producing the same. A method for fractionation by ultrafiltration is known (JP-A-8-165247).

[0003] Also, a method is known in which aloe leaf meat obtained by removing the outer skin from aloe leaves is crushed, enzymatically treated with pectinase, and liquefied [JP-A-5-308947].
(Hereinafter referred to as Conventional Technique 1). ].

Further, a method is known in which an aloe extract is treated with an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component, followed by addition of activated carbon and filtration [Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei.
No. 149134 (hereinafter referred to as “prior art 2”). ].

However, these conventional techniques have the following disadvantages.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION As disclosed in the above-mentioned prior art, as a method for producing a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing a gel portion of aloe mesophyll, homogenizing aloe mesophyll with the outer skin removed from aloe leaf is used. Aloe solution obtained by this method is known, but the aloe solution obtained by this method contains a large amount of insoluble substances, has low transparency, easily precipitates, and has a large viscosity, so that it is difficult to use it as a concentrated solution. Yes,
There was a problem that the range of application as a food material was limited. In addition, the aloe solution produced by the method of fractionating the aloe solution by ultrafiltration does not effectively utilize the entire aloe mesophyll due to the fractionation operation, and the content of mucopolysaccharides in natural aloe mesophyll And the content of the mucopolysaccharide was different for each fraction. Furthermore, for the fraction containing a large amount of mucopolysaccharide obtained by the fractionation operation, the transparency is low, the precipitate is easily formed, and the viscosity is large,
It is difficult to use as a concentrated solution, the problem that the range of application as a food material is limited has not been solved at all, and for the fraction containing almost no mucopolysaccharide obtained by the fractionation operation, Although the above problem is solved, there is a new problem that the effectiveness of the aloe solution is low because the mucopolysaccharide, which is an effective component, is hardly contained.

In order to solve this problem, as disclosed in the above-mentioned prior art 1 and prior art 2, the whole crushed aloe leaf is treated with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component. However, a method of liquefaction is known, but with pectinase treatment alone, as is clear from the test examples described later, causative substances such as oxalic acid, astringent taste and other insoluble substances remain in the aloe solution. However, the problem of formation of a precipitate was not solved.

Further, as disclosed in the prior art 2, there is known a method of adding activated carbon to the aloe solution after the pectinase treatment and filtering the resulting mixture to adsorb and remove causative substances such as bitterness and astringency. However, since activated carbon also adsorbs effective components such as mucopolysaccharides in the aloe solution,
As is clear from the test examples described later, the content of mucopolysaccharide is significantly different from the content in native aloe mesophyll, and there is a new problem that the effectiveness of the aloe solution is low.

[0009] Conventionally, in a method for producing an aloe solution, no method has been known for producing an aloe solution in which a calcium agent treatment is carried out after pectinase treatment.

In view of the above prior art, the present inventors treated an aloe mesophyll-derived solution containing a gel portion of aloe mesophyll with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component, and then treated with calcium. By adding the agent and filtering, the whole aloe mesophyll can be used, and the mucopolysaccharide contained in the native aloe mesophyll is not reduced, and is rich in mucopolysaccharide, which is a useful component, and has viscosity. Low, it can be used as a concentrated solution, and it is possible to produce an aloe solution with high transparency, without causing insoluble substances such as bitterness such as oxalic acid, astringent taste and the like, and without generation of precipitate. We found that it could be performed and completed the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to reduce the causes of bitterness such as oxalic acid and astringent taste in a concentrated state (for example, Brix 10 °), to have high transparency, and to prevent precipitation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an aloe solution which is not produced, has a low viscosity and is rich in mucopolysaccharide which is a useful component, and which can be widely applied as a food material, and a method for producing the same.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems A first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows: a) to e), a) When the content of oxalic acid in 1 g of an aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is 1 mg or less. B) Bring an Aloe solution of Brix 10 ° with a cell thickness of 1 cm
The transmittance measured at a wavelength of 660 nm using a glass cell of No. 95% or more. C) The Aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and there is no precipitation after storage at 10 ° C. for 10 days. d) Brix 10 ° aloe solution has a viscosity of 10 mPa ·
e) The physicochemical properties (hereinafter a) to e) of the glucosamine content of 0.05 to 0.5 mg in 1 g of Briex 10 ° aloe solution are specified. May be described. ).

[0013] A second invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is to treat a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing the gel portion of aloe mesophyll with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component. This is a method for producing an aloe solution, comprising adding a calcium agent and filtering.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described in detail. To facilitate understanding of the present invention, first, the second invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the method of the present invention) will be described. Will be described.

As a starting material for the method of the present invention, aloe leaf meat obtained by peeling the outer skin from fresh aloe leaves, extracting the gel portion, and shredding with a cutting machine (eg, dicer) can be used. Can be used canned shredded and sterilized aloe leaf meat cans (for example, manufactured by Tokyo Juice Co., Ltd.).

The apparatus used for crushing aloe mesophylla according to the present invention is capable of cutting shredded aloe mesophylls by a maximum diameter (crushing diameter) of 3 mm.
There is no particular limitation as long as it can be crushed to a size of 00 μm or less, but a homogenizer (for example, manufactured by Sanmaru Machinery Co., Ltd.), a spike mill (for example, manufactured by Inoue Seisakusho) or the like is used. It is desirable to do.

In the method of the present invention, the aloe mesophyll is crushed by using the above-described apparatus to crush aloe mesophyll to a maximum diameter (crushing diameter) of 300 μm or less. Specifically, when using a homogenizer,
By appropriately changing the treatment pressure in the range of 5 to 10 MPa, the aloe mesophyll can be crushed to an appropriate size having a maximum diameter (crushing diameter) of 300 μm or less. In this case, in order to prevent the raw material from being heated by frictional heat, it is desirable to carry out the cooling while maintaining the processing temperature below a certain value, for example, 25 ° C. By crushing the aloe leaf raw material in the crushing step, an aloe leaf-derived solution containing a gel portion of the aloe leaf of the present invention can be produced.

The pectinase or the enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component used in the pectinase treatment of the solution derived from aloe mesophyll of the present invention comprises pectin or the like that forms a strong gel-like plant tissue of aloe mesophyll. Any one can be decomposed,
For convenience, a commercially available pectinase (for example, manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), an enzyme mixture containing a commercially available pectinase as a main component (for example, manufactured by Yakult Honsha) or the like can be used.

In the method of the present invention, the pectinase treatment of a solution derived from aloe mesophyll depends on the type of enzyme used, but usually, pectinase is applied to 100 g of a solution derived from aloe mesophyte at a Brix of 0.5 to 5 °. Alternatively, an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component may be used.
It is performed by adding 0.1 to 0.1 g and treating at 40 to 50 ° C. for 3 to 5 hours. Specifically, when a commercially available pectinase G (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is used, the solution derived from the aloe mesophyll produced in the crushing process is adjusted to Brix 2 ° by adding water as needed, Pectinase G
Pectinase treatment can be performed by adding 0.02 g and treating at 40 ° C. for 3 hours.

The calcium agent used for the calcium agent treatment of the pectinase-treated aloe solution of the present invention may be any one capable of precipitating and removing caustic substances such as oxalic acid and the like and insoluble substances such as astringent taste as calcium salts. Any may be used, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide,
Although calcium chloride and the like can be exemplified, the use of a water-insoluble calcium agent such as calcium carbonate makes it easy to separate excess unreacted calcium agent and does not affect the flavor of the aloe solution. This is desirable. For convenience, commercially available calcium carbonate (for example, manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI Co., Ltd.) can be used.

In the method of the present invention, the aloe solution treated with pectinase is treated with a calcium agent by concentrating the aloe solution to Brix 10 ° or more using a vacuum concentrator (for example, manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.). Concentrate 100
0.1 to 1.0 g of the calcium agent is added per gram,
It is carried out by forming a precipitate of a calcium salt such as an insoluble substance by treating at 40 to 50 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours.

In the method of the present invention, the filtration of the aloe solution which has been treated with a calcium agent is carried out by a conventional method by precipitating a calcium salt such as an insoluble substance formed by the treatment with the calcium agent.
The filtration is performed by a fine filtration method or a suction filtration method using a filter aid such as diatomaceous earth.

The Aloe solution produced by the method of the present invention has specific physicochemical properties, and has little causative substances such as oxalic acid, such as bitterness and astringent taste, as is apparent from Examples described later. An aloe solution having high transparency, no precipitation, low viscosity, and rich in mucopolysaccharide which is a useful component.

That is, since the aloe solution according to the first aspect of the present invention has the specific physicochemical properties as described above, it is possible to reduce the bitterness and astringency of oxalic acid and the like in a concentrated state (for example, Brix 10 °). Less causing substances such as taste, high transparency, no precipitation, low viscosity, contains high concentration of mucopolysaccharide which is a useful component,
If necessary, it can be concentrated to Brix 70 ° by a vacuum concentration method or the like, and is widely applicable and useful as a food material.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to test examples. In the present invention, the following test method was adopted.

(1) Method of measuring Brix of each sample Brix of each sample was measured using a hand-held refractometer (manufactured by Atago).
Was measured.

(2) Method for measuring oxalic acid content of each sample 0.1 g of each sample adjusted to 1 ° Brix and pH 5.0
The oxalic acid content in the oxalic acid was measured using a commercially available oxalic acid measurement kit [F
-Kit oxalic acid (manufactured by Boehringer Mannheim)], and Brix10
The oxalic acid content (mg) per 1 g of each sample was calculated.

(3) Method of measuring transmittance of each sample Each sample adjusted to Brix 10 ° was measured for a cell thickness of 1 cm.
The transmittance (%) was measured at a wavelength of 660 nm with a spectrophotometer Model U-3200 (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) using the glass cell described above.

(4) Test Method for Precipitation Formation of Each Sample Each Brix adjusted to 10 ° was filled in a 250 ml transparent glass bottle, heated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, cooled with water, and stored at 10 ° C. for 10 days. Thereafter, the formation of a precipitate was visually observed, and the result was represented by the presence of a precipitate (+) and the absence of a precipitate (−).

(5) Method of measuring the viscosity of each sample Each sample adjusted to a Brix of 10 ° was allowed to stand at 10 ° C for 24 hours, and then a B-type viscometer (manufactured by Tokimec, DVL-
BII), and No. Attach one rotor, 60rpm
The viscosity (mPa · s) was measured by the number of rotor rotations of m.

(6) Method of measuring glucosamine content of each sample 3 g of each sample adjusted to Brix 10 ° was dissolved in 50 ml of purified water, 1 ml of 12 mol / l hydrochloric acid was added to 2 ml of this solution, and the mixture was heated at 100 ° C. Hydrolyzed for 6 hours. Subsequently, hydrochloric acid was evaporated and distilled off using a rotary evaporator, and the residue was dissolved in 1 ml of purified water to give a pore size of 0.4.
The solution was filtered through a 5 μm filter, and 25 μl of this solution was subjected to a high performance liquid chromatography column (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation; TSKGEL SCX (Na +);
The mixture was injected into a high-performance liquid chromatograph (Hitachi, Ltd.) connected to a mobile phase (0.16 mol / l aqueous sodium borate solution) with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 150 mm.
Under the condition of ml / min, glucosamine is chromatographed, detected by a fluorescence detector (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), the glucosamine content is measured, and the glucosamine content (mg) per 1 g of each sample is calculated from the measurement results. did.

Glucosamine is a component of mucopolysaccharide, and the glucosamine content correlates with the mucopolysaccharide content. Therefore, the glucosamine content in the sample is used as an indicator of the mucopolysaccharide content. be able to.

Test Example 1 This test was performed to compare the prior art with the method of the present invention. (1) Preparation of test sample The following two types of samples were prepared. Sample 1: Br produced by the same method as in Example 1 described later
ix10 ° aloe solution Sample 2: Brix10 ° aloe solution manufactured by the same method as in Example 1 described below except that the calcium agent treatment is not performed, as in Prior Art 1. Sample 3: Same as Prior Art 2. , Except that the calcium agent was changed to 2.6 kg of activated carbon and the treatment time was extended to 5 hours, except that Br was produced by the same method as in Example 1 described below.
ix10 ° aloe solution

(2) Test Method The oxalic acid content, transmittance, precipitate formation, and glucosamine content of each sample were tested by the above-described test methods.

(3) Test Results The results of this test are as shown in Table 1. As is clear from Table 1, the sample 1 of the present invention, as shown in the results of the oxalic acid content, was free from causative substances such as oxalic acid and insoluble substances such as astringent taste, as compared with the sample 2 of the prior art. As shown in the result of the transmittance, the transparency was high, and further, as shown in the result of the formation of the precipitate, no precipitate was formed, and thus it was found to be excellent. In addition, as shown in the results of the glucosamine content, the glucosamine content in the native aloe mesophyll (the content of glucosamine in 1 g of an aloe solution Brix10 °) was higher in the sample 1 of the present invention than in the sample 3 of the prior art. Was close to 0.5 mg), and the glucosamine content, which is an indicator of the mucopolysaccharide content, was hardly reduced, which proved to be excellent.

The starting material is aloe, pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component,
The test was performed by appropriately changing the type of calcium agent and the type of calcium agent, and almost the same results were obtained.

[0037]

[Table 1]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0039]

Example 1 The outer skin was peeled off from 200 kg of fresh leaves of aloe vera, the aloe mesophyll (gel portion) was extracted, and this was cut into small pieces with a dicer (manufactured by Arthal), and the obtained finely divided particles were spiked with a spike mill ( Inoue Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and a leachate from aloe mesophyll produced in the shredding process is added to the crushed material and mixed, and a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing a gel portion of aloe mesophyll is about 120 kg (Brix2 °). Was manufactured.

To 110 kg of the solution derived from the aloe leaf meat, 0.22 kg of pectinase G (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was added.
Pectinase treatment is carried out by treating at 40 ° C. for 3 hours, and the pectinase-treated aloe solution is about 110 kg.
Was manufactured.

Next, the pectinase-treated aloe solution (105 kg) was concentrated to Brix 10 ° using a vacuum concentrator (manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.).
To the mixture was added 40 g of calcium carbonate (manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI Co., Ltd.), and the mixture was treated at 50 ° C. for 1 hour to produce a precipitate of a calcium salt such as an insoluble substance.

Next, 2 kg of Celite Super Standard Cell (manufactured by Celite) was added as a filter aid to about 20 kg of the aloe solution treated with the calcium agent, and the calcium salt was precipitated and excess unreacted by a diatomaceous earth suction filtration method. Filter calcium carbonate, Aloe solution about 17k
g was produced.

When the obtained aloe solution was tested by the test method described above, Brix was 10 ° and Brix10
° 0.2 g of oxalic acid in 1 g of aloe solution
And a Brix 10 ° aloe solution with a cell thickness of 1
The transmissivity measured at a wavelength of 660 nm using a glass cell of 9 cm is 98.5%, and an Aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and there is no precipitation after storage at 10 ° C. for 10 days. The viscosity of the Aloe solution at Brix 10 ° was 2 mPa · s, and the content of glucosamine, which is an indicator of the content of mucopolysaccharides in 1 g of the Aloe solution at Brix 10 °, was 0.5 mg.

That is, since the above aloe solution has the specific physicochemical properties as described above, the concentrated state of Brix 10 ° has few causative substances such as oxalic acid and bitterness and astringent taste, and the transparency is low. The aloe solution was high, had no precipitate formed, had a low viscosity, and was rich in mucopolysaccharide, a useful component.

Example 2 Canned Aloe Meat Canned and Shredded and Commercially Available (Tokyo Juice Co., Ltd.)
150 kg of aloe leaf (gel portion: cut into cubes each having a side length of 3 mm) was crushed by a homogenizer (manufactured by San Maru Kikai Co., Ltd.) at 25 ° C. under a processing pressure of 10 MPa. Approximately 140 kg of a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing the gel portion of aloe mesophyme (Brix3
°).

0.13 kg of macerome (enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component: manufactured by Yakult Honsha) was added to 130 kg of the solution derived from aloe leaf meat, and the mixture was heated to 50 ° C.
Perform pectinase treatment by treating for 5 hours,
Approximately 130 kg of pectinase-treated aloe solution was produced.

Aloe solution 1 treated with pectinase
Using a vacuum concentrator (manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.),
rix 20 °, and 30 g of calcium carbonate (manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI) per 15 kg of this concentrated liquid
Was added and the mixture was treated at 40 ° C. for 2 hours to produce a precipitate of a calcium salt such as an insoluble substance.

Next, 1 kg of Celite Super Standard Cell (manufactured by Celite) was added as a filter aid to about 10 kg of the aloe solution treated with the calcium agent, and the calcium salt was precipitated and excess unreacted by diatomaceous earth suction filtration. Filter calcium carbonate, Aloe solution about 8kg
Was manufactured.

When the obtained aloe solution was tested by the test method described above, Brix was 20 ° and Brix 10
The content of oxalic acid in 1 g of aloe solution is 0.5 mg
And a Brix 10 ° aloe solution with a cell thickness of 1
The transmittance measured at a wavelength of 540 nm using a glass cell of 9 cm is 98.0%, and an Aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and there is no precipitation after storage at 10 ° C. for 10 days. The viscosity of the Aloe solution at Brix 10 ° was 2 mPa · s, and the content of glucosamine, which is an indicator of the content of mucopolysaccharides in 1 g of the Aloe solution at Brix 10 °, was 0.5 mg.

In other words, since the aloe solution has the specific physicochemical properties as described above, the concentrated state of Brix 20 ° has few causative substances such as oxalic acid and bitterness, astringent taste and the like, and the transparency is low. The aloe solution was high, had no precipitate formed, had a low viscosity, and was rich in mucopolysaccharide, a useful component.

[0051]

As described above in detail, the present invention relates to an aloe solution and a method for producing the same, and the effects of the present invention are as follows. 1) The aloe mesophyll-derived solution containing the gel portion of aloe mesophyll is treated with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component, so that the whole aloe mesophyll can be used and is a useful component. Rich in mucopolysaccharides, low viscosity, Brix7 as needed
It can be concentrated to 0 ° and can be used as a concentrated solution. 2) A calcium agent is added and filtered, so that causative substances such as oxalic acid, astringent taste and the like and insoluble substances are removed without reducing mucopolysaccharides, the flavor is good, the transparency is high, and the precipitation is high. Is not generated and can be widely applied as a food material.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Keiji Iwatsuki 5-1-1, Higashihara, Zama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Morinaga Dairy Co., Ltd. Food Research Institute (72) Inventor Tomohiko Yasuda 5-1-1 Higashihara, Zama-shi, Kanagawa No. 83 Morinaga Dairy Products Co., Ltd. Food Research Institute F term (reference) 4B016 LC02 LE05 LG16 LK01 LK18 LP02 LP13 4B017 LC02 LG15 LL09 LP01 LP06

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. The following a) to e), a) The content of oxalic acid in 1 g of Brix 10 ° aloe solution is 1 mg or less. B) The Alox solution of Brix 10 ° is applied to a cell thickness of 1 cm.
The transmittance measured at a wavelength of 660 nm using a glass cell of No. 95% or more. C) The Aloe solution of Brix 10 ° is heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and there is no precipitation after storage at 10 ° C. for 10 days. d) Brix 10 ° aloe solution has a viscosity of 10 mPa ·
e) Aloe solution having physicochemical properties such that the content of glucosamine in 1 g of Alox solution at Brix 10 ° is 0.05 to 0.5 mg. 2. A method of treating a solution derived from aloe mesophyll containing a gel portion of aloe mesophyll with pectinase or an enzyme mixture containing pectinase as a main component, followed by adding a calcium agent and filtering. For producing an aloe solution.