JP2000081290A - Supercooling releasing apparatus, thermal storage material and heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a supercooling releasing apparatus for stably, effectively releasing a supercooling state of a thermal storage material of the supercooling state for a long period with a simple constitution and operation. SOLUTION: The supercooling releasing apparatus releases a supercooling state of a thermal storage material of the supercooling state. The apparatus comprises a releasing element 1 having an infinitesimal space 29 formed of a member having a lattice constant similar to that of the material. The apparatus also comprises a clustering means for clustering seeds 2 of crystal nuclide of the material in the space 29. The seeds 2 of the nuclie in the space 29 advance releasing of the supercooling state of the material as the nuclie having a critical radius or more for advancing its crystallzation and can release a latent heat of the material. In the case of arbitrarily removing the heat, the seeds 2 can stably, effectively release the supercooling state for a long period with simple constitution and operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a supercooling release device that releases a supercooled state of a heat storage material in a supercooled state and releases heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a heat storage material, which is liable to be supercooled, as represented by a conventional inorganic acid hydrate, the heat storage material in a supercooled state is stimulated to release the supercooled state to arbitrarily generate heat. Various physical stimuli have conventionally been proposed in the method of extracting the stimulus. Examples of such conventionally proposed physical stimuli include metal friction such as stimulating a heat storage material by rubbing two metals in a heat storage material in a supercooled state. There is a case where the opening is not performed depending on the surface condition or the force of rubbing, the reliability is low, and there is also a disadvantage that the stability is reduced due to abrasion of the metal material over time due to the rubbing. When the metal material is rubbed by an external operation means, it is necessary to apply a large force to the metal material by this operation means, and therefore, a large electric power is required to operate the operation means. In addition, the size of the operating means also becomes large, and when forming a heat dissipation system incorporating a heat storage material and a supercooling release device, the size becomes too large, and the energy consumption becomes too large.

As other means for releasing the supercooled state, there is a means for inserting a substance serving as a nucleus for crystal formation into the heat storage material, or for performing cooling by a Peltier element. was there.

As described above, conventionally, there is no means capable of reliably and repeatedly releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material over a long period of time with small energy consumption and a small device.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a simple structure and operation to reliably and reliably stabilize a supercooled state of a heat storage material in a supercooled state over a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a subcooling / opening device that releases the heat, a heat storage device including the supercooling / release device, and a heating / heating device including the heat storage device.

[0006]

A supercooling and releasing device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a supercooling and releasing device for releasing a supercooled state of a heat storage material in a supercooled state. And a release element 1 having a minute space 29 formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant approximating the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5. And a denser means for densely gathering.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a second aspect of the present invention has the same structure as that of the first aspect, and further comprises a pair of releasing element members arranged at an acute angle to form the releasing element, and A minute space 29 is formed between a pair of release element members 18, and at least one release element member 18 is formed so as to be movable in a direction to reduce the minute space 29.

The supercooling and releasing device 11 according to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, has a pair of releasing element members 18 joined at one end and the pair of releasing element members 18 at the other end. Characterized in that a material having elasticity is disposed between the release element members 18.

The supercooling and releasing device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second or third aspect, further comprises a pair of releasing element members joined on the side where the acute angle is formed and a pair of releasing element members. It is characterized in that at least one of the release element members 18 is formed of an elastic material.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, has a releasing element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside.
And a release element member 18 having a convex portion 31 having a shape that meshes with the concave portion 30 to form the release element 1, and dispose each release element member 18 so that the convex portion 31 and the concave portion 30 can approach and separate from each other. It is characterized by comprising.

The supercooling and releasing device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the structure of the fifth aspect, the releasing element member 18 having a concave portion 30 in which a minute space 29 is formed inside.
And a release element member 18 having a convex portion 31 having a shape that meshes with the concave portion 30. The release element member 18 is formed by cleaving one material.

The supercooling and releasing device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the structure of the fifth aspect, the releasing element member 18 having a concave portion 30 in which a minute space 29 is formed inside.
And a release element member 18 having a convex portion 31 having a shape that meshes with the concave portion 30. The release element member 18 is formed by cutting one material.

The supercooling release device 11 according to claim 8 of the present invention has a structure in which the surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1 is formed in a rough surface, in addition to the structure of claims 1 to 7. It is characterized by the following.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, has one surface formed as a rough surface having a plurality of irregularities and a plurality of the rough surfaces on the rough surface. A pair of release element members 1 in which the concave portion 30 is formed as the minute space 29 and the rough surfaces face each other
8, the distance between the pair of release element members 18 and the convex portion 31 on the rough surface of one release element member 18 and on the rough surface of the other release element member 18 are reduced. And dense means for making the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material dense in the minute space 29 by meshing the minute spaces 29 with each other.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the ninth aspect, further includes a difference in height between the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 on the rough surface of the release element member 18.
The crystallization critical radius of the heat storage material in a supercooled state is 3 to 500.
It is characterized by being doubled.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the ninth or tenth aspect, the supercooling and releasing device of the present invention further comprises a pair of releasing element members in a state where the releasing element members are separated from each other. It is characterized in that the distance between the rough surfaces is 0.2 to 30 μm.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of any of the first to eleventh aspects, the supercooling and releasing device according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention has a lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the releasing element 1. Characterized in that a crystal 35 of a heat storage material is adhered to a surface formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the following.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the twelfth aspect, the supercooling release device 11 according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention operates the subcooling release device 11 at least once in advance, so that the Having a lattice constant approximating the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29
Characterized in that a heat storage material crystal 35 is adhered to the surface formed by.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a supercooling and releasing device according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention has the structure of the twelfth aspect.
Is brought into contact with the crystal 35 of the heat storage material. It is characterized in that the crystal 35 is attached.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the ninth to fourteenth aspects, the supercooling and releasing device according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention has the following advantages. 0.1 m ² or more.

A supercooling solution according to claim 16 of the present invention.
The release device 11 is added to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 15.
Thus, the surface of the release element 1 forming the minute space 29 is constituted.
Calculated from the lattice constants a, b, and c of the member 34
(A × b × c)^1/3Is the lattice constant a of the heat storage material 5.
′, B ′, c ′ (a ′ × b ′ × c ′)
^1/3Using a member 34 that is 40 to 100% of the value of
It is characterized by the following.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, a plurality of minute spaces 29 are formed. It is.

The supercooling / release device 11 according to claim 18 of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 17, causes the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material to be densely packed in the minute space 29. The clustering means is a pressure load, a vibration, or a composite system thereof.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a subcooling and releasing device according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspects, wherein the driving unit and the movement of the driving unit are controlled by a pair of the releasing elements. And a resilient material to be transmitted to one side.

A supercooling and releasing device according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention includes, in addition to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, a crowding means which can be operated by remote control. It is characterized by the following.

A heat storage element 1 according to claim 21 of the present invention.
Numeral 0 is characterized by comprising the subcooling release device 11 according to any one of claims 1 to 20 and the heat storage material 5.

[0027] The heat storage body 1 according to claim 22 of the present invention.
0 is a heat storage material 5 containing sodium acetate hydrate and a material 34 containing martensitic SUS as a member 34 forming a surface forming the minute space 29 or austenite in addition to the structure of claim 21. 21. A SUS material containing SUS which is obtained by rolling a precipitation-hardening SUS or a SUS in which a part of the crystal system is transformed from cubic to tetragonal.
And the supercooling release device 11 according to any one of the above.

Further, the heat storage body 1 according to claim 23 of the present invention.
0 indicates that, in addition to the structure of claim 21 or 22, the heat storage material 5 is made of a material into which a release element retaining agent 36 for suppressing the operation of the supercooling release element 1 due to disturbance is mixed. It is a feature.

The heat storage body 1 according to claim 24 of the present invention.
0 is a releasing element retaining agent 36 in addition to the constitution of claim 23.
Is characterized by using a highly viscous or gel-like material.

The heat storage body 1 according to claim 25 of the present invention.
0 is the release element retention agent 36 in addition to the constitution of claim 24.
Is characterized by using a porous and flexible material.

[0031] The heat storage body 1 according to claim 26 of the present invention.
0 is in addition to any one of claims 23 to 25,
A release element retaining agent preventing means for preventing the release element retaining agent from adhering to a surface formed by a member having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material in the minute space; It is characterized by becoming.

[0032] The heat storage body 1 according to claim 27 of the present invention.
0 is formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29 of the release element 1 as the release element retaining agent adhesion preventing means in addition to the structure of claim 26. A heat storage material crystal 35 is attached to the surface.

[0033] The heat storage body 1 according to claim 28 of the present invention.
0 is in addition to any one of claims 23 to 27,
The average distance between the pair of release element members 18 is 0.2 to 10 μm.
It is characterized by comprising a release element 1 arranged as m.

A heating and heating apparatus according to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention includes the heat storage body 10 according to the twenty-first to twenty-eighth aspects, and a heating source 14 for heating the heat storage body 10. Is what you do.

[0035]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

In order to take out the latent heat in the heat storage material 5 by releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state and crystallizing the same, the fine crystals existing in the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state are required. By setting the crystal nucleus seed 2 (embryo), which is a particle, to a crystal nucleus larger than the critical radius at which crystallization proceeds,
The crystallization of the heat storage material 5 may be promoted. For this purpose, the crystal nuclei may be formed to have a critical radius or more by locally concentrating the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a supercooling release device 11 for releasing a supercooled state of a heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state, wherein the member has a lattice constant similar to a lattice constant of a crystal of the heat storage material 5. It comprises a release element 1 having a minute space 29 formed at 34 and a denser means for densely gathering seeds 2 of crystal nuclei of the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29. Since the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus in the heat storage material 5 is likely to precipitate on a substance having a lattice constant similar to that of the crystal nucleus in the heat storage material 5, as shown in FIG. A small space 29 having an outer diameter of about 50 μm and a depth b of 0.01 to 1000 μm is formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 to form the release element 1. ,
When the release element 1 is disposed in the heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei are deposited on the inner surface in the minute space 29, and once deposited, it is difficult to separate from the minute space 29. . And in this way, the minute space 2
By crystallizing the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei precipitated in 9 by the consolidating means, the crystallization of the heat storage material 5 can be advanced as crystal nuclei having a critical radius (crystallization critical radius) or more at which crystallization proceeds. You can do it.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20, only a part of the inner surface of the minute space may be formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material.

The details of the release element 1 and the crowding means will be described later.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a pair of release element members 1 are provided.
8 are arranged at an acute angle to form the release element 1 and a minute space 29 is formed between the pair of release element members 18.
Further, at least one of the release elements 18 is formed so as to be movable in a direction to reduce the minute space 29.

FIG. 3A shows an example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the second aspect of the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the plate material of the member 34 having a lattice constant approximating the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is bent and formed so that the element piece 20 and the end of the element piece 20 are inclined. Forming a release element member 18 having a fixing piece 19 protruding to the outside, and fixing the fixing pieces 19 of the pair of release element members 18 thus formed to each other in a state in which one surface thereof is opposed to each other by welding or the like. In this manner, the release element 1 is manufactured by forming the joining portion as the fixing portion 32 and forming the pair of element pieces 20 from one end of the fixing portion 32 so as to project in different directions from each other. . Here, the angle formed between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20 is formed to be an acute angle. This figure 3
In the configuration shown in (a), a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixing portion 32 between opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

FIG. 3 (b) shows another example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is formed in the same manner as that shown in FIG. 3 (a). By using the released release element member 18 and joining the pair of release element members 18 to each other using the connecting parts 3 such as a combination of bolts and nuts, the fixing pieces 19 are joined together, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of element pieces 20 are formed so as to project from one end of the fixing portion 32 in different directions. Here, the angle formed between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20 is formed to be an acute angle. At this time, it is preferable that the gap between the fixing pieces 19 in the fixing portion 32 is formed to be 10 μm or less. This figure 3
In the configuration shown in (b), a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixing portion 32 between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

FIG. 4 shows still another example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the second aspect of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the release element 1 consisting only of the element pieces 20 is formed from the plate material of the member 34 having a lattice constant that is close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. Are arranged so as to be separated from each other without joining, and the angle α formed by a plane including the opposing surfaces of the pair of release element members 18 is an acute angle. Here, the shortest distance between the release element members 18 is preferably 10 μm or less. In the structure shown in FIG. 4, a minute space 29 is formed on the part of the pair of element pieces 20 facing each other where the distance between the release elements 1 is the shortest. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

In the release element 1 shown in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b) and 4 described above, one or both of the pair of element pieces 20 are opposed to each other by the crowding means as shown by arrows in the figure. By pushing it into the other element piece 20 side, the minute space 29 can be made smaller and the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. As a means of crowding,
Human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. Here, as shown in FIG. 3A, if the fixing pieces 19 are brought into close contact with each other so that no gap is formed in the fixing portion 32, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei can be very easily concentrated.
In the case where a gap of 10 μm or less is formed in the fixing portion 32 as shown in (b), or as shown in FIG.
Even when the shortest distance between them is 10 μm or less, the crystal nucleus seeds 2 can be sufficiently densely packed.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the case where one plate material is bent without forming an acute angle to form the release element 1 ', it is difficult to form the minute space 29 in the concave surface. The effect of precipitating the crystal nucleus seed 2 as the release element 1 is low.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a pair of release element members 1 are provided.
8 is joined at one end and an elastic material is disposed between the pair of release element members 18 at the other end.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the third aspect of the present invention.
In manufacturing the release element 1 shown in FIG. 5, first, as the release element member 18, the fixed element member 22 is formed from a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. On the other hand, a movable element member having an element piece 20 and a fixed piece 19 projecting obliquely from an end of the element piece 20 by bending and forming a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. 21 are formed. Then, the fixed piece 19 of the movable element member 21 and the end of the fixed element member 22 are joined to form a joint as a fixed portion 32, and the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 face each other. And an elastic material such as a spring material is joined between the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22. One end of this elastic material is joined to the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21. In addition, the release element 1 is formed by connecting the other end to the fixed element member 22 and disposing the same. In FIG. 5, the coil spring 4 is used as a material having elasticity. Here, the angle between the opposing surfaces of the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 is formed to be an acute angle. In FIG. 5, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixed part 32 between the opposing surfaces of the element piece 20 and the fixed element member 22 of the movable element member 21.
In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

Then, the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 is
As shown by the arrow in the figure, the minute space 2
9, the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. Then, when the force for pushing the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 by the crowding means is released, the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 is restored to the original position by the elastic force of the elastic material, and the movable element member 21 By pressing the element pieces 20 toward the opposing fixed element member 22 by the consolidating means, an operation of repeatedly densifying the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei can be performed. Here, as the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, the release element member 18 does not need to be formed of an elastic material. Here, the elastic material is used to restore the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 to the original position against the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 in consideration of the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 existing around the release element 1. It is preferable to use a material having a spring constant as strong as possible.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a pair of release element members 1
8 is joined at the side where the acute angle is formed, and at least one of the pair of release element members 18 is formed of an elastic material.

FIG. 6 shows a subcooling release device 11 according to a fourth aspect.
1 shows an example of the release element 1 used in the first embodiment. In manufacturing the release element 1 shown in FIG. 6, first, as the release element member 18, the fixed element member 22 is formed of a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. On the other hand, the movable element member 21 made of a spring plate formed by bending a thin plate material of the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is formed. Then, one end of the movable element member 21 and one end of the fixed element member 22 are joined to form a fixed portion 32, and the convex surface of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 are arranged so as to face each other to form the release element 1. It was done. Here, the angle between the opposing surfaces of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 is formed to be an acute angle. In FIG. 5, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixed portion 32 between the opposing surfaces of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

Then, the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 is
As shown by the arrow in the figure, the minute space 2
9, the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. Then, when the force for pushing the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 by the dense means is released, the movable element member 21 is restored to its original position by its own elastic force, and the movable element member 21 is further opposed by the dense means. By pressing the crystal nucleus seeds 2 toward the fixed element member 22, the operation of densely collecting the seeds 2 can be performed. Here, as the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, since the movable element member 21 itself is formed of a material having elasticity, there is no need to provide another elastic material. The movable element member 21 can restore the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 to the original position against the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 in consideration of the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 existing around the release element 1. It is preferable to use one having a spring constant as strong as possible.

FIGS. 7A to 7C show another example of the fourth aspect of the present invention.

In manufacturing the release element 1 shown in FIG. 7A, first, a plate material having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 and having elasticity is combined with the release element member 18. At the same time, portions near one end and near the other end of the release element member 18 are used as element pieces 20, respectively. The release element member 18 is curved so that the inner surfaces of the element pieces 20 face each other. The parts are overlapped and joined with a connecting part 3 such as a combination of a bolt and a nut to form a joint part as a fixing part 32, and a pair of element pieces 20 project from one end of the fixing part 32 in directions different from each other. The release element 1 was produced by forming. Here, the angle formed between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20 is formed to be an acute angle. In FIG. 7A, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixing portion 32 between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle.

The release element 1 shown in FIG.
Then, one or both of the pair of element pieces 20 are pushed into the opposing other element pieces 20 as indicated by arrows in FIG. Can be densely packed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.

The release element 1 shown in FIG.
In the case shown in (a), when joining the ends of the release element members 18, they are joined by welding without using the connecting parts 3. In the release element 1 shown in FIG. 7B, as in the case shown in FIG. 7A, one or both of the pair of element pieces 20 are pressed by the crowding means as shown by arrows in the figure. By pushing it into the opposing other element piece 20 side, the minute space 29 can be reduced and the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed.

In manufacturing the release element 1 shown in FIG. 7C, first, a plate material having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 and having elasticity is combined with the release element member 18. At the same time, portions near one end and near the other end of the release element member 18 are used as element pieces 20, respectively. The distant position is formed as a fixing portion 19. Then, the release element member 18 is curved, and the element piece 20 having the fixing portion 19 formed at the end is wound up to the inside of the other element piece 20. , The other element piece 20
Is fixed to the inner surface of the fixing portion 19 and joined by a connecting part 3 such as a combination of a bolt and a nut, so that the joining portion is fixed to the fixing portion 32.
The release element 1 is manufactured by forming the pair of element pieces 20 from one end of the fixing portion 32 so as to project in directions different from each other. Here, the angle formed between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20 is formed to be an acute angle. In FIG. 7B, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixing portion 32 between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is represented by a circle of A.
Enclosed and shown.

The release element 1 shown in FIG.
Then, by pressing the fixing portion 32 toward the portion facing the fixing portion 32 of the release element member 18 by the dense means as shown by the arrow in the drawing, the minute space 29 is reduced and the inside of the minute space 29 is reduced. Can be densely packed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the release element 1 includes the release element member 18 having the concave portion 30 in which the minute space 29 is formed and the release element member 18 having the convex portion 31 having a shape meshing with the concave portion 30. And the release element members 18 are arranged such that the convex portions 31 and the concave portions 30 can approach and separate from each other.

FIG. 2 shows a subcooling release device 11 according to a fifth aspect.
1 shows an example of the release element 1 used in the first embodiment. The release element 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes one release element member 18 having a concave portion 30 formed thereon and the other release element member 18 having a convex portion 31 formed therein. The inner surface of the concave portion 30 is formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant that is close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5, and the inner portion of the concave portion 30 has an opening width a of 0.01 to 50 μm. , Depth b
Is open to the outside of 0.01 to 1000 μm.
9 are formed. The convex portion 31 can be engaged with the concave portion 30, and the convex portion 31 can be engaged with the concave portion 3.
When the convex portion 31 is arranged in the concave portion 30 by meshing with 0, the shortest distance β of the gap between the tip portion of the convex portion 31 and the deepest portion of the concave portion 30 can be set to 0.01 to 1 μm. It is preferable to form in such a shape. Further, the one release element member 18 and the other release element member 18 are moved from the state where the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 are separated from each other by the consolidation means, and the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 come close to each other and the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 3
1 are arranged so as to be able to approach and separate between the states in which they mesh with each other. Here, as the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.

Then, the state in which the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 are separated from each other as shown in FIG.
By bringing the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 close to each other and bringing the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 into engagement with each other as shown in FIG. The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed.

FIG. 20 shows another example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the fifth aspect. The release element 1 shown in FIG. 20 includes one release element member 18 having a concave portion 30 formed thereon and the other release element member 18 having a convex portion 31 formed therein. Recess 30
Is formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant that is close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5.
Then, the one release element member 18 and the other release element member 18 are brought into close proximity with the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 from the state where the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 are separated by the dense means.
It is arranged so as to be able to approach and separate between the state where 0 and the convex portion 31 are engaged. Here, as the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.

Then, from the state in which the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 are separated from each other as shown in FIG. 20 (a), the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 as shown in FIG. By making the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 mesh with each other, as shown in FIG.
The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei attached on the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 are collected in the inner part of the concave part 30 at the tip of the convex part 31 and the crystal in the minute space 29 is collected. Nuclear species 2 can be concentrated.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the release element member 18 having the concave portion 30 in which the minute space 29 is formed and the release element member 18 having the convex portion 31 having a shape meshing with the concave portion 30 are provided. It is formed by cleaving the material.

FIG. 10 shows a subcooling release device 1 according to claim 6.
1 shows an example of a release element 1 used in the first embodiment. As the release element material, it is preferable to use a thin plate material formed of a uniform material having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5, and hitting the release element material with a tool such as a punch. To separate them into a pair of release element members 18. In this way, the plurality of concave portions 30 and convex portions 31 are formed on the cleavage plane of each release element member 18.
Are formed, and the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 are
1 can be formed in a similar shape that meshes with the minute space 29 formed in the concave portion 30. Then, the cleaved surfaces of the pair of open element members 18 are brought close to each other by using dense From the state where the concave portions 30 and the convex portions 31 are separated from each other, the plural concave portions 30 and the convex portions 31 are brought close to each other as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10B, the minute space 29 formed in the concave portion 30 can be reduced, and the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, the plurality of minute spaces 29 can be reduced simultaneously by one operation,
The probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the release element member 18 having the concave portion 30 in which the minute space 29 is formed and the release element member 18 having the convex portion 31 having a shape meshing with the concave portion 30 are provided. It is formed by cutting a material.

FIG. 11 shows a subcooling release device 1 according to a seventh aspect.
1 shows an example of a release element 1 used in the first embodiment. As the release element material, it is preferable to use a thin plate material formed of a uniform and uniform material having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. When the cutting is performed while leaving the portion, a pair of release element members 18 joined at the cut and left portion are cut.
A plurality of concave portions 30 and convex portions 31 are formed on the cut surface of each release element member 18, and the concave portions 30 and convex portions 31 are formed in a minute space 29 formed in the concave portion 30. From the state in which one of the pair of release element members 18 as shown in FIG. 11 is bent upward and the other is bent downward by using the dense means. By pressing the upwardly curved release element member 18 downward and simultaneously pressing the downwardly curved release element member 18 upward, the cut surfaces are brought close to each other, and the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 of the cut surface are separated. From the state, a plurality of recesses 30 as shown in FIG.
By bringing the plurality of concave portions 30 and the convex portions 31 into engagement with each other by bringing the and the convex portions 31 close to each other, the minute space 29 formed in the concave portions 30 is reduced as shown in FIG. Thus, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, a plurality of minute spaces 2
9 can be reduced simultaneously by one operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the surface of the release element 1 forming the minute space 29 is formed as a rough surface. By doing so, the contact area between the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei floating in the supercooled heat storage material 5 and the surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1 increases, and the minute space 29 of the release element 1 The crystal nucleus seeds 2 are likely to precipitate on the surface to be formed, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved. At this time, the surface of the release element 1 where the minute space 29 is formed has a difference of 0.1 to 10 μm on the surface.
It is preferable to roughen the surface so that

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, one surface is formed as a rough surface having a plurality of irregularities, and a plurality of recesses 30 on the rough surface are formed as minute spaces 29, and the rough surfaces face each other. A release element 1 composed of a pair of release element members 18 provided, and a pair of release element members 18
The protrusions 31 on the rough surface of one release element member 18 and the minute spaces 29 on the rough surface of the other release element member 18 are engaged with each other so that the space between them is close to each other. Compacting means for compacting the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei.

FIG. 21 shows an example of the release element 1 used in the subcooling release device 11 according to the ninth aspect of the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 21, one surface of the plate material of the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is formed as a rough surface having a plurality of irregularities, so that the release element member is formed. The release element 1 is formed by disposing the pair of release element members 18 thus manufactured such that the rough surfaces face each other.
It is what constituted. Here, the inner surface of the rough recess 30 is formed as a minute space 29.

In the release element 1 shown in FIG. 21, a pair of release element members 1 as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 21B, one or both of the pair of release element members 18 are separated from each other by the denser means, from the state where the pair of release element members 8 are arranged with a certain gap therebetween. 18, the convex portion 31 on the rough surface of one release element member 18 and the release element member 18
The small space 29 formed in the concave portion 30 is reduced by meshing with the concave portion 30 on the rough surface, or has a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 on the inner surface of the small space 29. By collecting the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei attached to the member 34 at the tip of the projection 31 inside the minute space 29, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. . As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, in a plurality of minute spaces 29, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei can be densely gathered simultaneously by one operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the height difference between the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 on the rough surface of the release element member 18 is set to be 3 to 500 times the critical crystallization radius of the heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state. Things.

That is, the release element 1 shown in FIG.
In FIG. 22, as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 22, the crystallization critical radius of the heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state is determined by the height difference α between the rough concave portion 30 and the convex portion 31 formed on one surface of the release element member 18. 3 to 500 times, a sufficient amount of crystal nucleus seed 2
The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 are densely gathered by the crowding means by bringing the opposing open element members 18 close to each other as shown in FIG. Crystal nuclei having a crystallization critical radius or more can be easily formed, and crystallization of the heat storage material 5 can be easily advanced. The crystallization critical radius of the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus is 0.005 μm to 0.5 μm depending on the type of the heat storage material 5.
And the concave portion 30 and the convex portion 3 on the rough surface.
The range of the height difference α from 1 is appropriately determined by the crystallization critical radius of the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus of the heat storage material 5 to be used.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the pair of release element members 18 in a state where the release element members 18 are separated from each other.
The distance between the rough surfaces is 0.2 to 30 μm.

The opposing release element members 18 are moved from the separated state shown in FIG.
The supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released by being in the close state shown in (b), and the heat storage material 5 once released from the supercooled state is heated and melted and then cooled. When the supercooled state is released again by operating the supercooled release device 11 again to release the supercooled state, a pair of release element members in a state in which the release element members 18 are separated from each other as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. If the average distance β between the roughened surfaces 18 is 0.2 to 30 μm, it becomes difficult for the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei to diffuse out of the gaps between the release element members 18, and when the supercooled state is released again, the seeds 2 are released. A sufficient amount of crystal nuclei seeds 2 can be present in the gaps between the element members 18. By operating the supercooling release device 11 in this state, the crystallization of the heat storage material 5 can easily proceed. That can be done.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 is formed on the surface of the release element 1 formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29. Is to adhere. FIG. 23 (a)
21 shows the release element 1 shown in FIG. 21 to which the invention of claim 12 has been applied. The minute space 29 formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 is shown. The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 is adhered to the inner surface. When the supercooling release device 11 is configured using such a release element 1 and the release element 1 is arranged in the heat storage material 5 and then the heat storage material 5 is set in a supercooled state, FIG.
As shown in (b), the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus of the heat storage material 5 is formed by a member 34 of the release element 1 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29. It tends to be attached to the top,
A sufficient amount of crystal nucleus seeds 2 can be attached to the inner surface of the minute space 29. When the supercooling release device 11 is operated in this state, a sufficient amount of crystal nucleus seeds 2 adhered to the inner surface of the minute space 29 are densely packed, so that the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be easily released. Can be done. Therefore, even when the supercooling release device 11 releases the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 for the first time,
The supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be easily released.

The thirteenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a
Is operated at least once in advance, so that the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1 is
The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 is adhered to the surface formed by the members 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of FIG. That is, before the product is shipped as a product, the release element 1 of the supercooling release device 11 is arranged in the supercooled heat storage material 5 and is operated in advance to release the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5. The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 adheres to the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1. Therefore, the heat storage material 5 is placed on the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1.
Can be easily attached.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a member having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29 of the release element 1 by bringing the release element 1 into contact with the crystal of the heat storage material 5. The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 is attached to the surface formed at 34. By doing so, the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1
The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 can be easily attached to the surface formed by the members 34 having a lattice constant similar to that of the above.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the release element 1 as shown in FIG. 21, the surface areas of the opposing rough surfaces formed on the release element 1 are each 0.1 m ² or more. In this way, a large number of minute spaces 29 can be formed on the rough surfaces of the release element 1 facing each other, and the supercooling release device 11 having such a release element 1 can be formed.
Is operated, the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei can be densely packed in a large number of microspaces 29 by one operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved. It is. When the release element 1 is arranged in the heat storage material 5 into which the release element retaining agent 36 is mixed and the supercooling release element 1 is operated as described below, the release element retaining agent 36 It is possible to prevent infiltration between the opposing rough surfaces, and to operate the supercooling release device 11 so that the operation of compacting the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material 5 is inhibited by the release element retaining agent 36. It can prevent things from happening.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, as a member constituting a surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1, an average wire diameter (a × b × c) calculated from its lattice constants a, b and c
The value of ^1/3 is the lattice constant a ′, b ′, c of the crystal of the heat storage material 5.
The average wire diameter (a ′ × b ′ × c ′) calculated from ′ is 40% to 100% of the value of ^1/3 . When such a member is used as the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5, the crystal of the member constituting the surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1 has a supercooled state. The crystal of the heat storage material 5 is easily inserted into the surface of the release element 1, so that the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei easily precipitate on the surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1. It can be improved.

The invention of claim 17 uses the release element 1 in which a plurality of minute spaces 29 are formed. Examples of such a release element 1 are shown in FIGS. The components shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 have already been described in detail.

FIG. 9 (a) shows a release element 18 made of a thin plate made of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. The release element 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of members 18 and joining them with connecting parts 3 such as screws or a combination of bolts and nuts at the center. In the structure shown in FIG. 9, a minute space 29 is formed on the connection component 3 side in the gap between the plurality of release element members 18 which are superimposed. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle. The release element 1 thus formed is arranged in the heat storage material 5 as shown in FIG.
When the connecting parts 3 are pushed in the thickness direction of the release element members 18 by the dense means as indicated by arrows in the drawing, each release element member 18 is bent under the influence of the resistance due to the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 and accordingly bent. The gap between the release element members 18 is reduced, and the plurality of minute spaces 29 are simultaneously reduced, so that the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in each minute space 29 can be concentrated. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. Here, each release element member 18
Is formed to have a sufficiently large planar dimension so as to be easily affected by the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 and to have a thickness of 0.01 to
Preferably, it is formed to 3 mm. Further, the release elements are formed in a strip shape as shown in FIG. 9B, and the release elements are joined by the connecting parts 3 in a state of being slightly shifted from the center thereof and radially overlapped with each other. 1
Is formed, resistance due to the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 applied to each release element member 18 can be increased.

FIG. 12 shows a thin plate made of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5, and a spring plate formed by curving the center of this plate. The release element member 18 is formed, and the pair of release element members 18 are arranged so that the concave surfaces at the central portions thereof face each other, and one end of the release element member 18 and the other end are joined. The release element 1 is formed by forming the joint portion as the fixing portion 32. In the structure shown in FIG. 12, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of each fixing portion 32 in the gap between the release element members 18. Here, the pair of release element members 18 is formed so that the angle formed by the opposing surfaces becomes an acute angle.

Then, one or both of the release element members 18 of the release element 1 are pushed toward the other release element member 18 facing each other by the denser means as indicated by an arrow in FIG. The gap between them became smaller,
A pair of minute spaces 29 are simultaneously reduced, and each minute space 2
The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in 9 can be densely packed. After that, when the force for pushing the release element member 18 by the crowding means is released, the release element member 18 is restored to its original position by its own elastic force.
Is pressed into the opposing release element member 18 side by the concentrating means, whereby the operation of repeatedly densifying the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei can be performed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.
At this time, since the release element member 18 itself is formed of an elastic material, there is no need to provide another elastic material. Here, the release element member 18 restores the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 to the original position against the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 in consideration of the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 existing around the release element 1. It is preferable to use a material having a spring constant as strong as possible.

FIG. 13 shows a structure in which a plate member is formed by a member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5, and this plate member is bent to form a release element member 18. It is. Here, the release element member 18 is provided with a joint recess 33 to which an elastic material is joined at a central portion, and the element pieces 20 extend obliquely from both ends of the joint recess 33 in the opening direction of the joint recess 30. Established
The fixing piece 19 is formed to extend from the end of each element piece 20. And a pair of release element members 1
8 are arranged so that the openings of the joint recesses 33 at the center thereof are opposed to each other, and the fixing pieces 19 at one end and the fixing pieces 19 at the other end are joined to form a joint portion as a fixing portion 32. An elastic material such as a material is joined at one end to the joining recess 33 of the one releasing element member 18 and at the other end to the joining recess 33 of the other releasing element member 18 so as to form a gap between the pair of releasing element members 18. , The release element 1 is formed. Here, in FIG. 13, the coil spring 4 is used as a material having elasticity. In the structure shown in FIG. 13, a pair of minute spaces 29 is formed on each fixing portion 32 side between the element pieces 20 of the release element member 18 facing each other. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle. Here, the angle formed by the opposing element pieces 20 of the pair of release element members 18 is formed to be an acute angle.

Then, one or both of the release element members 18
Is pushed into the opposing open element members 18 as indicated by arrows in the figure by the condensing means, so that the pair of microspaces 29 is reduced and the seeds 2 of crystal nuclei in each microspace 29 are condensed. Can be done. Then, when the force for pushing the release element member 18 by the dense means is released, the release element member 18 is restored to the original position by the elastic force of the elastic material, and the pieces of the release element member 18 are opposed to each other by the dense means. By pushing the crystal nucleus seeds 2 toward the release element member 18, an operation of repeatedly crowding the seeds 2 can be performed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used. At this time, the release element member 18 does not need to be formed of an elastic material. Here, the elastic material is strong enough to restore the release element member 18 to its original position against the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 in consideration of the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 existing around the release element 1. It is preferable to use one having a spring constant.

FIG. 14 shows a structure in which a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant approximating the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is bent and formed obliquely upward and downward from both ends of the element piece 20 and the element piece 20. A release element member 18 having a fixing piece 19 protruding is formed, and the fixing pieces 19 of the other release elements 1 are attached to the fixing pieces 19 at both ends of the release element member 18 thus formed. They are brought into close contact with each other in a state where they face each other and are joined by a method such as welding to form a joint portion as a fixing portion 32.
0 is formed so as to protrude in different directions from each other, thereby producing a release element 1 to which a plurality of release element members 18 are joined. Here, the angle formed by the opposing surfaces of the element pieces 20 protruding from one fixing piece 19 is formed to be an acute angle. In the configuration shown in FIG. 14, a minute space 29 is formed on the fixing portion 32 side between the opposing surfaces of the pair of element pieces 20 projecting from the plurality of fixing portions 32. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 14, the release element 1 is disposed at both ends of the release element 1 and the other release element member 18 is joined to only one end, and the other release element member 18 is not joined. At the end on the side, the fixing piece 19 is not formed.

Then, one or both of the release element members 18 disposed at both ends of the release element 1 are moved to the other element piece 20 side facing each other as shown by an arrow in the drawing by the consolidating means. By pushing in, all the clearances between each release element member 18 constituting the release element 1 and the other release element members 18 arranged opposite to the release element member 18 can be simultaneously reduced. , Multiple small spaces 2
9, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the minute space 29 can be densely packed. As the crowding means, human power, an actuator, or the like can be used.

As described above, according to the seventeenth aspect, the plurality of minute spaces 29 can be reduced simultaneously by one operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 can be improved. It is.

The invention according to claim 18 is that the compacting means for compacting the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29 is a pressure load, a vibration, or a composite system thereof. Specifically, the pressure load can be performed by using an actuator that is operated by control based on air pressure, magnetic force, current, or the like. When vibration is applied, a bimorph-type actuator (described later) or an ultrasonic vibration For example, a vibrating device utilizing deformation of an element due to voltage application, or the like can be used.

[0091] The nineteenth aspect of the present invention is provided with a converging means composed of a driving portion and an elastic material for transmitting the motion of the driving portion to one of the pair of release elements 1.

FIG. 27 shows a subcooling release device 11 according to a nineteenth aspect. This subcooling release device 11
The housing 37 includes a bottomed cylindrical upper housing member 38 and a bottomed cylindrical lower housing member 39. The housing 37 may be formed of a polypropylene resin or the like. An upper through hole 46 penetrating vertically is provided on the upper bottom surface of the upper housing member 38, and a male screw groove 41 is provided on the outer peripheral surface. A lower through hole 47 penetrating vertically is provided on the lower bottom surface of the lower housing member 39, and a female screw groove 40 screwed into the male screw groove 41 of the upper housing member 37 is provided on the inner peripheral surface. In addition, a solenoid 7 as a drive unit is provided above the upper housing member 37, and the movable iron core 24 is provided with the upper through hole 4.
6 so as to be inserted downward and to be disposed inside the housing 37. An elastic sheet 8 made of an elastic material such as a material having rubber elasticity such as silicone rubber or a bellows-shaped material is provided on the bottom surface of the lower housing member 39.
So as to cover the lower through hole 47 or the lower through hole 47.
It is provided so as to protrude downward from. Here the elastic sheet 8
Are the lower end of the upper housing member 38 and the lower housing member 3
9 can be sandwiched and provided. On the other hand, as the release element 1, an element as shown in FIG. 21 is used.
The surfaces of the release elements 18 are arranged so as to face each other with a predetermined space therebetween, and the ends of the pair of release elements 18 are fixed to a fixing tool 42 such as a combination of a screw 43 and a nut 44 to attach the release element 1. Form. Here, as the release element 1, an element in which release element members 18 having substantially the same dimensions are arranged to face each other may be used, and as shown in FIG. The projecting portion is formed to have a large size, and this projecting portion is
May be arranged below. And the fixing tool 42
Is fixed to the lower bottom of the lower housing member 39, and one of the pair of release element members 18 is disposed below the lower through hole 47 to constitute the supercooling release device 11. . Here, the crowding means is composed of a solenoid 7 as a driving unit and an elastic sheet 8 as an elastic material. The elastic sheet 8 and the release element 1 are
Is a release element member 18 disposed below the lower through hole 47.
Is preferably provided so as to be in contact with.

In releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state by using the subcooling release device 11,
First, the release element 1 of the supercooling release device 11 is placed in the heat storage material 5,
The solenoid 7 as the driving unit is disposed outside the heat storage material 5, and the solenoid 7 as the driving unit is operated in this state. At this time, the movable iron core 24 of the solenoid 7 projects downward to press the elastic sheet 8 downward, and the release element member 18 disposed below the lower through hole 47 of the release element 1 via the elastic sheet 8. Of the release element member 1
8 is elastically deformed, the distance between the pair of release element members 18 is reduced, and the convex portion 31 on the rough surface of one release element member 18 is formed.
And the minute space 29 in the concave portion 30 on the rough surface of the other release element member 18 meshes with each other, and the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material 5 are densely packed in the minute space 29 to release the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5. Let it. Here, when the release element 1 shown in FIG. 27 is used, when the release element member 18 disposed on the housing member side is elastically deformed downward by the movement of the drive unit, the release element member 18 At the base, the release element member 18 and the opposite release element member 18 come close to each other, and the supercooled state is released. At this time, by reciprocating the movable core 24 a plurality of times, the supercooled state can be more reliably released. When the supercooling release device 11 having such a configuration is used, a driving unit of the crowding means,
The release element 1 can be separated by an elastic material so that the heat storage material 5 does not exist around the driving unit, and the operability can be improved by reducing the frictional resistance applied to the driving unit. Things. Here, as the elastic material, it is preferable to select a material that can transmit the movement of the drive unit to the release element member 18 without attenuating as much as possible.

The twentieth aspect of the present invention is provided with a crowding means which can be operated by remote control.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the supercooling release device 11 according to the twentieth aspect of the present invention. The supercooling release device 11 can be remotely operated by combining the release element 1 with the bimorph type actuator 6. Here, the bimorph type actuator 6 has a structure in which a thin plate of two piezoelectric elements is bonded to both sides of the metal elastic plate using the metal elastic plate as a center electrode, and the two piezoelectric elements are driven by voltage. It is formed by connecting wires so that when one expands, the other shrinks and deforms. Then, in manufacturing the cooling release device 11 shown in FIG. 15, first, as the release element member 18, the fixed element member 22 is formed by a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. The movable element member 21 is formed.
The bimorph-type actuator 6 as described above is attached to the entire surface of one surface. Then, the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 are connected to the surface of the movable element member 21 on which the bimorph-type actuator 6 is not stuck and the fixed element member 2.
2 and the movable element member 2
The end portions of the fixing element member 1 and the fixing element member 22 are joined by connecting parts 3 such as a combination of a bolt and a nut, and a joint portion is formed as a fixing portion 32. Here, the angle between the opposing surfaces of the element piece 20 of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 is formed to be an acute angle. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is indicated by encircling a circle. Then, a lead wire is drawn from the bimorph-type actuator and connected to an operation unit located at a position distant from the subcooling / release device 11, so that the current flowing through the bimorph-type actuator 6 is controlled by the operation unit.

When the current is controlled by the operation unit so that the bimorph actuator 6 is deformed toward the fixed element member 22, the movable element member 21 moves toward the fixed element member 22 following the deformation of the bimorph actuator 6. The small space 29 is pushed down, and the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in the small space 29 can be densely packed. When the bimorph actuator 6 controls the current so that the deformation toward the fixed element member 22 and the deformation toward the opposite side of the fixed element member 22 are repeated, the minute space 29 can be repeatedly reduced. It is possible to improve the probability that the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released by making the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei close together.

FIG. 16 shows another example of the subcooling release device 11 according to the twentieth aspect. The release element 1 used in the supercooling release device 11 shown in FIG. 16 is a fixed element member which is a release element member 18 which is a plate material of a member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5. On the other hand, the movable element member 21 made of an elastic spring plate having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is formed. Then, one end of the movable element member 21 and one end of the fixed element member 22 are joined to form a fixed portion 32, and the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 are arranged so as to face each other to form the release element 1. It is. Here, the angle between the opposing surfaces of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22 is formed to be an acute angle. In FIG. 5, a minute space 29 is formed on the side of the fixed portion 32 between the opposing surfaces of the movable element member 21 and the fixed element member 22. In the figure, the portion where the minute space 29 is formed is represented by a circle of A.
Enclosed and shown. The supercooling release device 11 is configured by disposing the solenoid 7 as a dense means on the movable element member 21 side of the release element 1 thus formed. Here, the solenoid 7 is a solenoid 7
The movable element member 21 of the release element 1 is
And the movable iron core 24 projects toward the movable element member 21 when the current flows through the solenoid 7 and pushes the movable element member 21 into the fixed element member 22 side. is there. Then, a lead wire is drawn from the solenoid 7 and connected to an operation unit located at a position distant from the subcooling release device 11, so that the current flowing through the solenoid 7 is controlled by the operation unit.

The operation section controls the solenoid 7 so that a current flows through it, so that the movable core 24 of the solenoid 7 is protruded, and the movable element of the release element 1 is pushed into the fixed element side, so that the minute space 29 is formed. Make small space 2
The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei in 9 can be densely packed.

The twentieth aspect of the present invention relates to FIG.
The configuration is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 16, but the supercooling release device 11 is configured by combining the release means 1 with the condensing means formed by a device that generates magnetism and electromagnetic waves and converts the magnetism and electromagnetic waves into motion. Then, a lead wire can be drawn from this crowding means and connected to an operation unit located at a position distant from the supercooling / release device 11, so that the crowding means can be operated by the operation unit. Things.

As described above, according to the twentieth aspect of the present invention, even when the operator and the subcooling / releasing device 11 are located apart from each other, the subcooling / releasing device 11 can be easily operated. .

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat storage element 10 comprising the supercooling release device 11 and the heat storage material 5 as described above.
It is. FIG. 28 shows an example of the heat storage body 10 according to claim 21. In FIG. 28, a heat storage board 48 is formed by filling a heat storage material 5 into a container 9 made of polypropylene or the like. This heat storage board 4
An opening 49 is formed in the container 9 of FIG. 8, and a supercooling release device 11 as shown in FIG. Here, the supercooling release device 11 is provided with the opening 49 of the container 9.
The opening 49 of the container 9 is inserted into the housing 37 of the subcooling and releasing device 11 in a state where the release element 1 is disposed in the heat storage material 5 in the container 9 and the solenoid 7 which is a driving unit is disposed outside the container 9. The heat storage board 48 is provided by being hermetically sealed by a method such as welding, bonding, or screwing. When the supercool release device 11 is disposed on the heat storage board 48 by welding, welding is performed by ultrasonic welding or by rotating the housing 37 of the supercool release device 11 in close contact with the opening 49 of the container 9. A spin weld that generates and heats frictional heat can be applied.

A twenty-second aspect of the present invention is to use a material containing sodium acetate hydrate as the heat storage material 5 and a material containing martensitic SUS or austenitic material as a member constituting a surface forming the minute space 29. SUS
Rolled material or precipitation hardening type SUS is used which contains SUS in which a part of the crystal system has changed from cubic to tetragonal. Here, as the heat storage material 5 containing sodium acetate hydrate, for example, sodium acetate trihydrate is 100
For example, those having a composition of 15 parts by weight of water, 15 parts by weight of water, and 2 parts by weight of xanthan gum can be used.

The crystal system of sodium acetate hydrate is monoclinic, and its lattice constant is a '= 12.4, b' = 10.
5, c ′ = 10.4, so that a heat storage material 5 containing sodium acetate hydrate is used as in the present invention,
By using a martensitic SUS having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of this sodium acetate hydrate as a member constituting the surface forming the minute space 29 of the release element 1, the minute space of the release element 1 is obtained. The seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei are likely to precipitate on the surface forming 29.

Austenitic SUS or precipitation hardening
Even in the case of type SUS, some of the
The crystal system changes from cubic to tetragonal.
The lattice constants a, b, and c of the tetragonal crystal generated by
Calculated from (a × b × c) ^1/3Is the value of sodium acetate
Calculated from lattice constants a ', b', and c '
(A 'x b' x c ')^1/3Range of 40 to 100% of the value of
Becomes So, sodium acetate hydrate as heat storage material 5
Are used, and the minute space 29 of the release element 1 is used.
As a member constituting the surface forming
Rolled tenite-based SUS material to change some crystal system from cubic
By using SUS transformed to tetragonal system,
Seed 2 of crystal nucleus precipitates on the surface forming the minute space 29
It is easy to do.

Here, if a member having the same monoclinic crystal lattice as sodium acetate hydrate is used as a member constituting the surface forming the minute space 29,
There is a possibility that the member constituting the surface forming the crystal itself may become a crystal nucleus, and the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 may be released naturally. The member having is not preferable as a member constituting a surface forming the minute space 29.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, the heat storage material 5 contains a release element retaining agent 36 for suppressing the operation of the supercooling release element 1 due to disturbance. That is, when a disturbance such as vibration, pressure, impact, or the like is suddenly applied to the heat storage body 10 including the supercooling release device 11 and the heat storage material 5, a force is applied to the release element 1, and the release element 1 operates. In order to prevent the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 from being released, a release element retaining agent 36 for holding the release element 1 and stably maintaining the supercooled state is mixed into the heat storage material 5. .

According to the twenty-fourth aspect, the release element retaining agent 36
, A highly viscous or gel-like material is used.

FIG. 24 shows a heat storage unit 10 according to the twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, and the dense means is omitted in the figure. In FIG. 24, a heat storage board 48 configured by filling a heat storage material 5 in a container 9 is provided with a heat storage board 48 shown in FIG.
The release element 1 shown in FIG. In the heat storage material 5, as a release element retaining agent 36, a material such as a thickener dispersed in the heat storage material 5 and having a high viscosity in a stationary state or a three-dimensional skeleton structure is formed in the heat storage material 5. The release element 1 is held in the heat storage material 5 by mixing a material which becomes gel-like by doing so, and the operation of the release element 1 due to disturbance is prevented. Here, as a highly viscous material,
All water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and polyethylene oxide can be used. Examples of the gel material include polysaccharides represented by xanthan gum, clays such as bentonite and attapulgite, silica, cellulose in general, and laponite (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Silica Industry Co., Ltd.). Here, laponite is an inorganic white powder that belongs to a natural clay mineral and has a structure and composition similar to that of natural hectorite as shown in FIG.
It has a guard house structure as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c) and shows a strong gel strength. By doing so, the viscosity of the heat storage material 5 increases, and even when unexpected disturbance such as vibration, pressure, or impact is applied to the heat storage material 5, the vibration or the like is absorbed by the heat storage material 5 and the release element 1 is released. Since the heat storage material 5 is held in the heat storage material 5 having high viscosity, it is possible to prevent the release element 1 from arbitrarily operating and releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5.

In a twenty-fifth aspect, a porous and flexible material is used as the release element retaining agent.

FIG. 25 shows a heat storage body 1 according to the twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention.
0, and the crowding means is omitted in the figure. In FIG. 25, the heat storage board 48 configured by filling the heat storage material 5 in the container 9 has
The release element 1 is arranged in the heat storage material 5 by mixing a porous material having continuous holes and flexibility into the heat storage material 5 as shown in FIG. Thus, the operation of the release element 1 due to disturbance is prevented. Here, as the porous and flexible material, a nonwoven fabric, a sponge, or the like can be used. In this way, even when unexpected disturbance such as vibration, pressure, or shock is applied to the heat storage material 5, the vibration and the like are absorbed by the porous and flexible material in the heat storage material 5 and released. Since the element 1 is held by this porous and flexible material, the release element 1 operates without permission and the heat storage material 5
This can prevent the supercooled state from being released.

According to the twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, the release element preventing agent is prevented from adhering to the surface formed by the member having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29. An element retaining agent adhesion preventing means is provided. That is, when the release element retaining agent 36 described above is mixed into the heat storage material 5, the release element retaining agent 36 is released up to the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29. When the element retaining agent 36 enters, the crystal nucleus seed 2 cannot be attached to the inner surface of the minute space 29, and the crystal nucleus seed 2 remains in the minute space 29 even when the supercooling release device 11 is operated. It is difficult for the heat storage material 5 to release the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 because the density of the heat storage material 5 may be reduced. Therefore, the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 may be used. Release element retaining agent 36 on the formed surface
Is provided to prevent the adhesion of the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus on the inner surface of the minute space 29, and the heat storage when the supercooling release element 1 is operated. The probability of releasing the supercooled state of the material 5 is improved.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, the surface of the release element 1 formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29 is used as the release element retaining agent adhesion preventing means. The crystal of the heat storage material 5 is attached thereon.

FIG. 26 shows a release element 1 as shown in FIG.
Is arranged in the heat storage material 5 into which the release element retaining agent 36 is mixed, in which the invention of claim 27 is applied. FIG. 26A shows the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 and The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 is attached to a surface inside the minute space 29 formed by the members 34 having similar lattice constants. The dense means is omitted in the figure. In this state, after disposing the release element 1 in the heat storage material 5 and then setting the heat storage material 5 in a supercooled state, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the seed 2 of the crystal nucleus of the heat storage material 5
Of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29, the surface of the heat storage material 5 tends to adhere to the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant. Even when the release element retaining agent 36 has penetrated into the minute space 29 of the release element 1,
The seed 2 of the crystal nucleus can be securely attached to the inner surface of the substrate. Then, in this state, the subcooling release device 11
Is activated, the seeds 2 of the crystal nuclei attached to the inner surface of the minute space 29 are densely packed, so that even when the release element retaining agent 36 enters the minute space 29, the heat storage material 5
The supercooled state can be easily released.

As a method for attaching the crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 to the surface inside the minute space 29 formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5,
By operating the subcooling release device 11 at least once in advance, the surface of the release element 1 formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 is formed. And a method of attaching the crystal of the heat storage material 5. That is, before shipping as a product, the release element 1 of the supercooling release device 11 is arranged in the supercooled heat storage material 5 and is activated in advance,
When the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released, the heat storage material 5 is crystallized, and the heat storage material 5 in the minute space 29 of the release element 1 is released.
The crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 adheres to the surface formed by the members 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the above. Therefore, the crystal 35 of the heat storage material 5 can be easily attached to the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1. .

Further, by bringing the release element 1 and the crystal of the heat storage material 5 into contact with each other, the release element 1 is formed of a member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29. Crystal 35 of heat storage material 5
In this case, the heat storage material 5 is formed on the surface formed by the member 34 having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 inside the minute space 29 of the release element 1. Crystal 35 can be easily attached.

The invention according to claim 28 is characterized in that the release element retaining agent 36
In the configuration in which the release element 1 is arranged in the heat storage material 5 mixed with
In this case, a release element 1 having a size of 10 to 10 μm is used. In the configuration in which the release element 1 is disposed in the heat storage material 5 into which the release element retaining agent 36 is mixed, the release element retaining means as shown in FIG. Even in the case where the agent adhering prevention means is provided, if the release element retaining agent 36 is prevented from entering as much as possible between the pair of release element members 18, the supercooling state of the heat storage material 5 when the supercooling release device 11 is operated is reduced. It is possible to improve the probability of release, and for that purpose, the average distance between the pair of release element members 18 is set to 0.2 to 1
0 μm, the release element retaining agent 3 between the release element members 18.
6 makes it difficult to penetrate.

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat storage device comprising a heating and heating device comprising the supercooling and releasing device 11 as described above.
0 and a heat source 14 for heating the heat storage body 10.

That is, the heat storage material 5 is put in the container 9, and the supercooling release device 11 is installed so that the release element 1 is disposed in the heat storage material 5 to form the heat storage body 10. By installing the heating source 14 for heating the heat storage material to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, it is possible to obtain a heating device or a heating device capable of repeatedly performing the heat radiation control operation. It is heated to a melting point or more to be melted, and then cooled and brought into a supercooled state. The supercooling release device 11 is operated to release the supercooled state to take out latent heat from the heat storage material 5 and use the latent heat for heating and heating. In addition, the heat storage material 5 from which the supercooled state has been released can be heated and melted again by the heating source 14, and the latent heat can be repeatedly taken out from the heat storage material 5 and used for heating and heating. is there.

When the heating and heating device thus configured is installed in an engine room for use in a vehicle, for example, the heat storage material 5 is heated and melted by using the engine waste heat and the auxiliary heating source as the heating source 14 to store heat, and the heat is stored at night. Heat storage material 5 in a cooled state
By operating the supercooling release device 11 by remote control the next morning, the supercooled state is released, the latent heat is extracted from the heat storage material 5, and the engine can be rapidly heated. This makes it easier to start the engine even in the middle of winter, eliminating the need for idling for heating the engine, thereby contributing to environmental protection.

Further, the heating and heating device thus configured is provided in a heating device for vehicles and a heating device for home use, and when these heating devices are activated, the latent heat is taken out from the heat storage material 5 to start heating. This makes it possible to obtain a heating device of immediate warming which can solve the problem of the problem and quickly exert a heating effect at the time of startup.

The above technique can be used for floor heating. FIG. 19 shows an example of such a floor heating device 27. In FIG. 19, the floor heating device 27 includes a joist 13 disposed on a floor base formed by attaching the lower floor material 16 to the upper surface of the underfloor heat insulating material 26. The heating device 27 is provided, and the floor material 12 is further provided on the joist 13. The floor heating device 27 is provided with the heater insulation material 1.
A heating source 14 such as a heater 14a provided with a heating wire 28 as a heating source 14 is provided on the upper surface of the heating element 5. Further, on the upper surface, the heat storage material 5 is placed in the container 9 and the supercooling release device 11 is connected to the release element. 1 is provided with a heat storage body 10 formed by being disposed so as to be disposed in a heat storage material 5.

Using such a floor heating device 27, for example, the heating source 14 is operated only by night power from 23:00 in the night to 7:00 in the next morning to heat the floor and to heat and melt the heat storage material 5 to store heat. When the operation of the heating source 14 is stopped and the latent heat is taken out of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state by operating the supercooling release device 11 at an arbitrary time in the daytime, the heating source 14 is operated only by the nighttime electric power. By simply doing this, it is possible to maintain a comfortable floor heating temperature on average throughout the day, and it is possible to reduce running costs. At this time, assuming that the heat storage material 5 having only the function of simply radiating the stored heat as in the related art is used, the heating source 14
After the operation is stopped, the heat stored in the heat storage material 5 is quickly radiated naturally, and the heat is completely released at night 23 when the heating by the heating source 14 is performed next time. It is something. Also, in a home where no one is at home during the day, a floor heating device 2 as shown in FIG.
7, when returning home at night, the supercooling release device 11 is operated to extract the latent heat from the supercooled heat storage material 5 to perform heating, and when the heat storage material 5 has completely radiated heat, the heating source 14
When the operation of the heating source 14 is stopped at 7:00 in the morning, it is possible to reduce the time for operating the heating source 14 at night to perform heating and heat storage in the heat storage material 5, and further to run. The cost can be reduced.

[0123]

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples.
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. (Examples 1 to 11, Comparative Examples 1 to 3)
Using the element materials shown in Table 1, release elements 1 having the shapes indicated by the numbers in the drawings were formed in the column of release element 1 shape in Table 1. Here, as for the release element 1 using the connection component 3, a combination of a bolt and a nut formed of an element material constituting the release element 1 was used as the connection component 3. 0.5
A heat storage material 5 shown in Table 1 was sealed together with the release element 1 in a container formed of a flexible material made of a PVC sheet having a thickness of mm. After heating the heat storage material 5 to 70 ° C. in this state,
The cooling element was cooled to a supercooled state, the release element 1 was operated by applying an external force to the release element 1, and whether or not the heat storage material 5 was released from the supercooled state was shown in the evaluation column of Table 1.

[0124]

[Table 1] Here, the numerical values in the column of the average wire diameter of the heat storage material in Table 1 are calculated from the lattice constants a ′, b ′, and c ′ (a ′ × b ′ × c ′).
The values in the columns of the value of ^1/3 and the average wire diameter of the release element indicate the value of (a × b × c) ^1/3 calculated from the lattice constants a, b and c, respectively. The numerical value in the column of * 1 is １ (a
× b × c) ^1/3 / (a ′ × b ′ × c ′) ^1/3 ｝ × 100
It shows the value calculated by the formula (%). Further, the description in the column of the dimension * 2 indicates the dimensions of thickness × width × total length of the release element member constituting the release element in mm.

As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 11, the supercooling state of the heat storage material 5 could be released by operating the supercooling release device 11. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 using the element shown in FIG. 8 as the release element 1 and Comparative Example 2 using a material that does not approximate the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 as the material constituting the release element 1, In Comparative Example 3 in which the release element 1 cannot be released and the release element 1 is made of a monoclinic material having the same crystal system as that of the heat storage material 5, the supercooled state is the supercooled release device 11
Was naturally released before the operation of the heat storage material, and the heat radiation of the heat storage material 5 could not be controlled. (Example 12) A supercooling release device 11 having the shape shown in Fig. 15 was installed in a container, and a lead wire connected to the bimorph-type actuator 6 was pulled out of the container. 5 was sealed. Here, the release element 1 of the supercooling release device 11 used was the same as that of the first embodiment. Then, in this state, the heat storage material 5 was heated to 70 ° C. and then cooled to 30 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and a current was supplied to the lead wires to operate the release device. (Comparative Example 4) The same operation as in Example 12 was performed except that the same element material as in Comparative Example 2 was used. (Thirteenth Embodiment) A supercooling release device 11 having the shape shown in FIG. 16 is installed in a container, and a lead wire connected to a solenoid 7 is drawn out of the container 9. And sealed. Here, the release element 1 of the supercooling release device 11 used was the same as that of the first embodiment. Then, in this state, the heat storage material 5 was heated to 70 ° C. and then cooled to 30 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and a current was supplied to the lead wires to operate the release device. (Comparative Example 5) An experiment similar to that of Example 13 was performed using element materials similar to those of Comparative Example 2.

The evaluation column in Table 2 shows whether the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 of Examples 12 and 13 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 was released.

[0127]

[Table 2] As shown in Table 2, in Examples 12 and 13, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 could be released in a short time with low power consumption by remote control by current control. On the other hand,
In Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in which a material that does not approximate the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5 was used as a material constituting the release element 1, Example 1 was used.
The supercooling state could not be released even when the apparatus was operated for 60 seconds or more using the supercooling release device 11 having the same configuration as that of 2 or 13. (Embodiment 14) As shown in FIG.
The heat storage material 5 is placed in a hollow container 9 made of PP in which
To form a heat storage body 10 and installed together with a heater 14, a heater insulation 15 and an underfloor insulation 26 between joists 13 under the floor as shown in FIG. .

Here, the subcooling release device 11 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. That is, rolling SUS6
A pair of release elements 1 having a size of 50 mm × 5 mm × 0.1 mmt formed at 31 are arranged so that their surfaces face each other, and the ends of the pair of release elements 1 are The release element 1 was formed by being fixed to the connecting part 3 erected inward from the inner surface of the hollow container 9 in a state where the end surfaces were brought into close contact with each other. Here, the angle formed between the opposing surfaces of the pair of release elements 1 was set to 30 °. On the other hand, the solenoid 7 is provided outside the hollow container 9,
The tip of the movable iron core 24 is disposed on the one of the pair of release elements 1 which is arranged outside the hollow container 9 via the elastic sheet 8 provided as a part of the outer wall of the hollow container 9. It was arranged to be in contact.

The other conditions are as follows. <Meteorological conditions> January in Tokyo (average outside temperature 4 ° C) <Building conditions> Southeast corner room on the first floor of a two-story house (10 tatami mats) <Laying condition> Laying rate of heat storage material 5 and heater 14: 60% <Floor composition > Joist 13 height: 45 mm upper floor material 12: heat-resistant flooring 15 mm heat storage body 10 thickness: 23 mm (inner size 20 mm) heater insulation material 15: (felt 5 mm) underfloor insulation material 26: urethane 80 mm <heat storage material condition> Melting point: 50 ° C. Latent heat: 160 kJ / kg <Heating and heating conditions> Heater capacity: 350 W / m ² Heating time: 23:00 to 7:00 (8 hours) Supercooling release time: 12:00 (Comparative Example 6) Heat storage material Example 5 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14 except that 1 part by weight of sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate was mixed as a supercooling inhibitor and that the heat storage body 10 was not provided with the supercooling release device 11.

FIG. 30 shows the measurement results of the floor surface temperature and the room temperature for Example 14 and Comparative Example 6.

As can be seen from FIG. 30, in Comparative Example 6, since the heat stored in the heat storage body 10 is naturally radiated, the floor surface temperature after 18:00 fell below the comfortable temperature of 25 ° C. In Example 14, the heat radiated from the heat storage body 10 was controlled to shift the heat supposed to be radiated in the daytime to the nighttime, and the floor surface temperature of 25 ° C. or more could be secured all day. (Examples 15 to 22, Comparative Example 7) In each of Examples and Comparative Examples, the release element 1 having the shape indicated by the number of the drawing was used in the column of the release element 1 shape in Table 3 using the element materials shown in Table 3. The supercooling release device 11 as shown in FIG. 27 was manufactured using this release element. Here, a push type solenoid 7 is used as a driving unit, and a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as an elastic material.
Using the silicone rubber elastic sheet 8 of the housing 3
7 was made of polypropylene. On the other hand, it is formed of a 1.75 mm thick polypropylene sheet,
150 (w) × 200 (l) that opens at the opening 49
A heat storage boat # 48 is formed by filling a heat storage material 5 shown in Table 3 into a container 9 having a capacity of × 20 (h) mm, and the heat storage board 48 is provided with the supercooling release device 11 and the housing 37. The heat storage body 10 as shown in FIG.
Was prepared.

Using the heat storage body 10 thus formed, the heat storage material 5 is heated to 70 ° C., then cooled to 25 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and the solenoid 7 is operated to apply an external force to the release element 1. In addition, it was operated, and the release probability of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state at this time was measured. Here, the release probability is represented by a value of (1 / N) × 100 (%), where N is the number of reciprocating motions of the movable iron core 24 of the solenoid 7 required until the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released. Things. Table 3 shows the average values of the release probabilities when the experiment was performed 10 times for each of the examples and the comparative examples.

[0133]

[Table 3] As can be seen from Table 3, in Comparative Example 7 in which the release element 1 was made of a material that did not approximate the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5,
Could not be released from the supercooled state. On the other hand, in Examples 15 to 22, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 could be released.

In the twentieth embodiment, the difference in height of the rough surface of one of the release element members 18 is smaller than the critical crystallization radius of the heat storage material 5. Example 21 in which the crystallization critical radius of the heat storage material 5 is smaller than that of the heat storage material 5, and the surface area of the rough surface of the release element member 18 is 0.1 m
Compared smaller in Example 22 than m ^2, Example 15-1
In No. 9, the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 was improved. (Examples 23 to 29) In each example, the release elements 1 having the shapes shown by the numbers in the drawings were formed in the column of the release element 1 shape in Table 4 using the element materials shown in Table 4. Regarding the elements shown in No. 29, the crystals of the heat storage material 5 shown in Table 4 were attached to the rough surface of the release element 1 by the method shown in the column of the crystal attachment method. Here, in the table, the solution history indicates that the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 was solved once using the solution element 1. Using this release element 1, a subcooling release device 11 as shown in FIG. 27 was produced in the same manner as in Examples 15 to 22 and Comparative Example 7. On the other hand, 1.75
mm 4 mm thick polypropylene sheet
Opening at 9, 150 (w) × 200 (l) × 20
(H) The heat storage material 5 shown in Table 4 is filled in a container 9 having a capacity of mm to form a heat storage boat # 48.
A heat storage body 10 as shown in FIG. 28 was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 7.

Using the heat storage body 10 thus formed, the heat storage material 5 is heated to 70 ° C., then cooled to 25 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and an external force is applied to the release element 1 by operating the solenoid 7. In addition, it was operated, and the release probability of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state at this time was measured. Here, the release probability is represented by a value of (1 / N) × 100 (%), where N is the number of reciprocating motions of the movable iron core 24 of the solenoid 7 required until the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released. Things. The cycle of heating, cooling, and releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is repeated, and the first cycle, the second cycle,
Release probabilities at the 000th cycle and the 4000th cycle were derived. Table 4 shows the average values of the release probabilities when such an experiment was performed six times for each example and comparative example.

[0136]

[Table 4] As can be seen from Table 4, in Comparative Example 7 in which the release element 1 was made of a material that did not approximate the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5,
Could not be released from the supercooled state. In contrast, in Examples 23 to 29, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 could be released.

In comparison with the embodiment 29 in which the crystal of the heat storage material 5 is not attached to the release element 1, the embodiments 23 to 28
Thus, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 could be released with a high probability from the first cycle. (Examples 30 to 33) In each of the examples, a release element 1 having a shape indicated by a drawing number was formed in the column of the release element 1 shape in Table 5 using the element material shown in Table 5. The crystal of the heat storage material 5 shown in Table 5 was adhered to the rough surface by the method shown in the column of crystal adhesion method. Using this release element 1, a subcooling release device 11 as shown in FIG. 27 was produced in the same manner as in Examples 15 to 22 and Comparative Example 7.
On the other hand, it is formed of a polypropylene sheet having a thickness of 1.75 mm, and is opened at the opening 49.
A heat storage boat # 48 is formed by filling the heat storage material 5 shown in Table 5 into a container 9 having a capacity of (l) × 20 (h) mm,
The heat storage body 10 as shown in FIG. 28 was produced in the same manner as in Examples 15 to 22 and Comparative Example 7 using the heat storage board 48 and the above-described supercooling release device 11.

Using the heat storage body 10 formed as described above, the heat storage material 5 is heated to 70 ° C., then cooled to 25 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and an external force is applied to the release element 1 by operating the solenoid 7. In addition, it was operated, and the release probability of the heat storage material 5 in the supercooled state at this time was measured. Here, the release probability is represented by a value of (1 / N) × 100 (%), where N is the number of reciprocating motions of the movable iron core 24 of the solenoid 7 required until the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 is released. Things. Table 5 shows the average values of the release probabilities when the experiment was performed 10 times for each of the examples and the comparative examples.

Further, the heat storage body 10 manufactured in each of the embodiments was used.
In a state where the heat storage material 5 is heated to 70 ° C. and then cooled to 25 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, the heat storage
It was dropped on a rubber plate from a height of cm. This operation is 1
The probability that the supercooling state of the heat storage material 5 was not released and was kept stable without being released was derived in percentage and is shown in the column of stability probability in Table 5.

[0140]

[Table 5] As can be seen from Table 5, in Comparative Example 7 in which the release element 1 was made of a material that did not approximate the lattice constant of the heat storage material 5,
Could not be released from the supercooled state. In contrast, in Examples 30 to 33, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 could be released.

In the embodiment 33 in which the heat storage material 5 does not contain the release element retaining agent 36, the stability of the heat storage material 5 is low, whereas the release element retention agent 36 in the heat storage material 5 is low.
In Examples 30 to 32 in which laponite, nonwoven fabric, and xanthan gum were mixed, the supercooled state of the heat storage material 5 was not released even when an impact was applied, and was kept stable. (Example 34) In the element material shown in Table 6, a release element 1 having the shape shown by the number in the drawing was formed in the column of the shape of the release element 1 in Table 6, and crystals were attached to the rough surface of the release element 1. Crystals of the heat storage material 5 shown in Table 6 were adhered by the method shown in the method column. Embodiments 15 to 15 using this release element 1
The supercooling release device 11 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the container 9 having a capacity of 150 (w) × 200 (l) × 20 (h) mm, which is formed of a 1.75 mm thick polypropylene sheet and opened at the opening 49, the heat storage shown in Table 6 The material 5 is filled to form a heat storage boat # 48, and the heat storage board 48 and the above-described supercooling / releasing device 11 are used in Examples 15 to 22 and Comparative Example 7.
The heat storage body 10 as shown in FIG. 28 was produced in the same manner as described above.

Using the heat storage body 10 thus formed, the heat storage material 5 is heated to 70 ° C., then cooled to 25 ° C. to be in a supercooled state, and an external force is applied to the release element 1 by operating the solenoid 7. In addition, it was activated.

The heating, cooling,
The cycle of releasing the supercooled state was repeated, and the decrease in the heat storage amount and the change in the melting point of the heat storage body 10 at the first cycle, the 1000th cycle, the 2000th cycle, and the 4000th cycle were measured. Table 7 shows the results.

[0144]

[Table 6]

[0145]

[Table 7] Thus, in Example 34, the heat storage material 5 is
Since the heat storage material 5 is filled in a sealed state by the supercooling release device 11, the components of the heat storage material 5 are not lost due to evaporation or the like, and the composition of the heat storage material 5 is prevented from changing, so that the heat storage amount and Preventing the melting point from fluctuating,
It was confirmed that the performance of 0 could be kept constant.

[0146]

As described above, the supercooling and releasing device according to the first aspect of the present invention is a supercooling and releasing device for releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material in the supercooled state, and includes at least one of the inner surfaces. A part having a minute space formed by a member having a lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material, and dense means for densely seeding the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in the minute space. In the micro space, the seeds of the crystal nuclei are used as crystal nuclei having a radius greater than or equal to the critical radius at which crystallization proceeds, thereby promoting the release of the supercooled state of the heat storage material and releasing the latent heat of the heat storage material. When the supercooled state of the material is released and heat is arbitrarily taken out, the supercooled state can be reliably released over a long period of time with a simple configuration and operation with good stability.

The supercooling release device according to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, forms a release element by disposing a pair of release element members at an acute angle and forms the release element. Since a minute space is formed between the element members and at least one of the open element members is formed so as to be movable in a direction to reduce the minute space, seeds of the crystal nuclei in the minute space are efficiently densely packed to form a heat storage material. The supercooled state can be released efficiently.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the second aspect, a pair of release element members are joined at one end and the pair of release elements are joined at the other end. In order to arrange an elastic material between the element members,
By pushing the at least one release element member toward the other release element side by the dense means and repeating the operation of releasing the pushing force, it is possible to repeatedly release the supercooled state of the heat storage material, At this time, it is not necessary to form the release element member with a material having elasticity.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a supercooling and releasing device according to the second or third aspect, wherein a pair of releasing element members are joined on a side where an acute angle is formed and a pair of releasing element members are joined. In order to form at least one of the members from a material having elasticity, the operation of pushing the release element member formed of the material having elasticity into the other release element side by the crowding means and releasing the pushing force is repeated. Accordingly, the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be repeatedly released, and at this time, there is no need to provide another elastic material.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, the supercooling release device has a release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a shape meshing with the concave portion. The release elements are formed with the release element members having the convex portions, and the respective release element members are arranged so that the convex portions and the concave portions can be close to and separated from each other, so that the seeds of the crystal nuclei in the minute space are efficiently concentrated. Thus, the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be released efficiently.

The supercooling and releasing device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the fifth aspect, further comprises a release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a shape meshing with the concave portion. Since the release element member having the convex portion is formed by cleaving one material, a plurality of concave portions and convex portions can be easily formed on the cleavage plane of each release element member,
In addition, the protrusions can be formed in a similar shape that meshes with the minute space formed in the recess. Further, by using the consolidation means, the cleavage planes of the pair of release element members are brought close to each other, and from the state where the concave portions and the convex portions of the cleavage surface are separated from each other, the plural concave portions and the convex portions are brought close to each other to form the plural concave portions. By making the projections mesh with each other, it is possible to reduce the minute space formed in the concave portion and to concentrate the seeds of the crystal nuclei in the minute space. The heat storage material can be made smaller at the same time by the operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the fifth aspect, the supercooling / release device has a release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a shape meshing with the concave portion. Since the release element member having the convex portion is formed by cutting one material, a plurality of concave portions and convex portions can be easily formed on the cut surface of each release element member,
In addition, the protrusions can be formed in a similar shape that meshes with the minute space formed in the recess. Further, by using the denser means, the cut surfaces of the pair of release element members are brought close to each other, and from the state where the concave portion and the convex portion of the cut surface are separated from each other, the plural concave portions and the convex portions are brought close to each other to form the plural concave portions. By making the projections mesh with each other, it is possible to reduce the minute space formed in the concave portion and to concentrate the seeds of the crystal nuclei in the minute space. The heat storage material can be made smaller at the same time by the operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

In the supercooling release device according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constitutions of the first to seventh aspects, the surface forming the minute space of the release element is formed in a rough surface, so that the supercooling release device is formed. The contact area between the seeds of the crystal nuclei floating in the heat storage material and the surface forming the micro space of the open element becomes large, and the seeds of the crystal nuclei easily precipitate on the surface forming the micro space of the open element. Thus, the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, a surface is formed as a rough surface having a plurality of irregularities and a plurality of recesses on the rough surface. Is formed as a minute space, and a release element composed of a pair of release element members arranged so that the rough surfaces face each other, and one of the release elements is formed by making the interval between the pair of release element members close to each other. A pair of compacting means for interlocking the convex portion on the rough surface of the element member with the minute space on the rough surface of the other open element member to densely seed the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in the minute space; By bringing one or both of the release element members close to the opposing release element member by the condensing means, the convex portion on the rough surface of one release element member and the convex portion on the rough surface of the other release element member By engaging with the concave part of Reduce the micro space formed in the micro space, or remove the seeds of crystal nuclei attached to the inner surface of the micro space and have a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material at the tip of the protrusion. By gathering them deep inside, the seeds of the crystal nuclei in the minute space can be densely packed.At this time, the seeds of the crystal nuclei can be gathered simultaneously in a single operation in a plurality of minute spaces. Further, the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the ninth aspect, in the supercooling state, the height difference between the concave portion and the convex portion on the rough surface of the release element member is in a supercooled state. In order to make the crystallization critical radius of the heat storage material 3 to 500 times, a sufficient amount of crystal nucleus seeds can be present in the minute space formed in one concave portion on the rough surface. The seeds of the crystal nuclei in the space can be easily made into crystal nuclei larger than the critical crystallization radius by bringing the opposing open element members close to each other by the condensing means, thereby making it easier to crystallize the heat storage material. Can be easily advanced.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the ninth or tenth aspect, the supercooling and releasing device according to the ninth or tenth aspect has a structure in which the releasing element members are separated from each other while the releasing element members are separated from each other. Is set to 0.2 to 30 μm, the seeds of the crystal nuclei hardly diffuse out of the gap between the open element members, and when the supercooled state is released again, there is sufficient space in the gap between the open element members. An amount of seeds of crystal nuclei can be present, and crystallization of the heat storage material can be easily advanced by operating the supercooling release device in this state.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of any of the first to eleventh aspects, the supercooling and releasing device further includes a lattice which approximates a lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space of the release element. In order to attach the crystal of the heat storage material to the surface formed by the member having a constant, after disposing the release element in the heat storage material and then setting the heat storage material in a supercooled state, the seeds of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material become , The release element tends to adhere to a surface formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space, and the inner surface of the minute space has a sufficient When the supercooling release device is operated in this state, a sufficient amount of crystal nucleus seeds attached to the inner surface of the micro space are densely stored, thereby accumulating heat. Easily release supercooled material It be one that can, even when the first to release the supercooled state of the heat storage material at the supercooling release device, in which the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be easily released.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the twelfth aspect, by operating the subcooling release device at least once in advance, the minute space of the release element is reduced. A lattice constant approximating the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the small space of the open element to attach the crystal of the heat storage material to the surface formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside The crystal of the heat storage material can be easily attached to the surface formed by the member having the above.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the twelfth aspect, the supercooling and releasing device according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention further comprises: In order to attach the crystal of the heat storage material to the surface formed by the member having the lattice constant close to the lattice constant of the heat storage material, it has a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space of the open element. The crystal of the heat storage material can be easily attached to the surface formed by the member.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the ninth to fourteenth aspects, the supercooling and releasing device has a surface area of each of the opposing rough surfaces formed on the releasing element of 0.1. Since it is 1 m ² or more, a large number of minute spaces can be formed on the rough surfaces facing each other of the release element, and when a supercooling release device having such a release element is operated, one operation is required. The seeds of crystal nuclei can be concentrated in a large number of minute spaces, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved. In the case where the release element is arranged in the heat storage material in which the release element retaining agent is mixed and the supercooling release element is operated, the release element retaining agent penetrates between the opposing rough surfaces of the release element. It is possible to prevent the operation of compacting the seeds of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material when the supercooling release device is operated from being hindered by the release element retaining agent.

A subcooling / release device according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to fifteenth aspects, further includes a lattice as a member constituting a surface forming a minute space of the release element. Calculated from the constants a, b, and c (a × b
× c) The values of ^1/3 are the lattice constants a ′, b ′, c ′
It is calculated from 40 values (a'× b'× c') ^1/3
Since a member that is 100% is used, the crystal of the heat storage material in a supercooled state easily fits into the crystal of the member forming the surface forming the minute space of the release element, and therefore, the surface forming the minute space of the release element. The seeds of the crystal nuclei are easily deposited on the top, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

The supercooling and releasing device according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention has the structure of any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, in which a plurality of minute spaces are formed. The heat storage material can be made smaller at the same time by the operation, and the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be improved.

The supercooling and releasing device according to claim 18 of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the constitutions of claims 1 to 17, the compacting means for compacting the seeds of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in the minute space is provided. , Pressure load, vibration, or a composite system of these, it is possible to satisfactorily concentrate the seeds of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of any one of the first to eighteenth aspects, the subcooling / release device is configured to control the driving unit and the movement of the driving unit to one of a pair of releasing elements. The driving unit of the concentrating unit and the release element are separated by an elastic material so that there is no heat storage material around the driving unit. Thus, the operability can be improved by reducing the frictional resistance applied to the drive unit.

The supercooling and releasing device according to the twentieth aspect of the present invention further comprises, in addition to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, a crowding means which can be operated by remote control. The subcooling / releasing device can be easily operated even when the subcooling / releasing device is located at a distance from the user.

Further, the heat storage element according to claim 21 of the present invention comprises the supercooling release device according to any one of claims 1 to 20 and a heat storage material. The supercooled state of the heat storage material can be released as a crystal nucleus larger than the critical radius at which crystallization proceeds, and the latent heat of the heat storage material can be released, and the supercooled state of the heat storage material can be released, and When the heat is taken out, the supercooled state can be reliably released over a long period of time with a simple configuration and operation with good stability.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the twenty-first aspect, a heat storage material containing sodium acetate hydrate and a member forming a surface forming a minute space are provided. Containing martensitic SUS, or austenitic SUS material or precipitation hardening SUS
Which is partially transformed from cubic to tetragonal
21. A supercooling release device according to claim 1 using a device containing US, so that seeds of crystal nuclei are easily precipitated on a surface of the release element forming a minute space, and the heat storage material The probability of releasing the supercooled state can be improved.

In the heat storage element according to claim 23 of the present invention, in addition to the constitution according to claim 21 or 22, a release element retaining agent for suppressing the operation of the supercooling release element due to disturbance as a heat storage material. Since the mixed element is used, when a disturbance such as vibration, pressure, impact, etc. is applied to the heat storage body composed of the supercooling release device and the heat storage material, force is applied to the release element, and the release element operates. This can prevent the supercooled state of the heat storage material from being released.

In the heat storage element according to claim 24 of the present invention, in addition to the constitution of claim 23, since a high-viscosity or gel-like material is used as the release element retaining agent, the viscosity of the heat storage material increases. Therefore, even when a disturbance such as unexpected vibration, pressure, or shock is applied to the heat storage material, the vibration and the like are absorbed by the heat storage material, and the release element is held in the high-viscosity heat storage material, This prevents the release element from arbitrarily operating and releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material.

Further, in the heat storage element according to claim 25 of the present invention, in addition to the constitution of claim 24, since a porous and flexible material is used as the release element retaining agent, the heat storage material is unexpectedly provided. Even when disturbances such as vibrations, pressures, and shocks are applied, the vibrations and the like are absorbed by the porous and flexible material in the heat storage material, and the release element has the porosity and flexibility. The heat storage material is held by a material having the heat storage material, which can prevent the release element from arbitrarily operating and releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material.

A heat storage element according to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention is, in addition to the constitution according to the twenty-third to twenty-fifth aspects, a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space. The device is provided with a releasing element retaining agent adhesion preventing means for preventing the releasing element retaining agent from adhering to the formed surface, thereby preventing the adhesion of seeds of crystal nuclei on the inner surface of the minute space from being hindered by the releasing element retaining agent. Further, the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material when the supercooling release element is operated is improved.

The heat storage element according to the twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the twenty-sixth aspect, further comprises a means for preventing the release element retaining agent from adhering to a lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space of the release element. In order to attach the crystal of the heat storage material to the surface formed by the member having the lattice constant, the release element is arranged in the heat storage material, and then the heat storage material is set in a supercooled state. Species tend to adhere to the surface of the release element formed on a member formed of a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space. Even if the release element retaining agent has penetrated into the space, the seeds of the crystal nuclei can be securely attached to the inner surface of the minute space.

A heat storage element according to claim 28 of the present invention is arranged such that, in addition to the constitution according to any one of claims 23 to 27, the average distance between the pair of release element members is 0.2 to 10 μm. Since the release element is provided, it is possible to suppress the penetration of the release element retaining agent between the release element members, and to reduce the probability of releasing the supercooled state of the heat storage material when the supercool release apparatus is operated. It can be improved.

A heating and heating apparatus according to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention includes the heat storage element according to any one of the twenty-first to twenty-eighth aspects and a heating source for heating the heat storage element. Heating and melting above the melting point, then cooling and supercooling, operating the supercooling release device to release the supercooled state and extract latent heat from the heat storage material, and use this latent heat for heating and heating Further, the heat storage material in which the supercooled state has been released is heated again by the heating source and melted, and the latent heat can be repeatedly taken out from the heat storage material and used for heating and heating.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial front view showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial front views showing the operation of another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are front views showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 7A to 7C are front views showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a shape of a release element that is not suitable for the present invention.

9A and 9B show still another example of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 9A is a front view, FIG. 9B is a plan view, and FIG. 9C is a plan view showing an operation.

FIGS. 10A and 10B show still another example of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 10A is a plan view and FIG.

11A and 11B show still another example of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 11A is a plan view and FIG. 11B is a perspective view showing an operation.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing a heat storage body used in the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view showing the configuration of a subcooling release device of the present invention used in Example 14.

FIG. 19 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 20 (a) and (b) are each a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

21A and 21B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic sectional view of a part of the above.

FIGS. 23A and 23B are schematic sectional views showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

26A and 26B are schematic cross-sectional views showing the operation of still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a partial front view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a graph showing measurement results of changes over time in the floor surface temperature and the room temperature in Example 14 and Comparative Example 6.

FIG. 31 (a) is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of laponite,
(B), (c) is a conceptual diagram showing a guard house structure of Laponite.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 release element 2 seed of crystal nucleus 5 heat storage material 10 heat storage material 11 supercooling release device 14 heating source 18 release element member 29 microspace 30 concave portion 31 convex portion 34 member 35 crystal of heat storage material 36 release element retaining agent

Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. A supercooling release device for releasing a supercooled state of a heat storage material in a supercooled state, wherein at least a part of an inner surface is formed of a member having a lattice constant similar to a lattice constant of the heat storage material. A supercooling release device comprising: a release element having a minute space formed therein; and a consolidating means for densely enclosing seeds of crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in the minute space. 2. A release element is formed by arranging a pair of release element members at an acute angle, and a minute space is formed between the pair of release element members. The supercooling release device according to claim 1, wherein the device is formed so as to be movable in a direction in which the supercooling is released. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein a pair of release element members are joined at one end and an elastic material is provided between the pair of release element members at the other end. The supercooling release device as described in the above. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pair of release element members are joined on the side where the acute angle is formed, and at least one of the pair of release element members is formed of an elastic material. The supercooling release device as described in the above. 5. A release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a convex portion having a shape meshing with the concave portion, and a release element is formed. The subcooling release device according to claim 1, wherein the portion and the concave portion are arranged so as to be able to approach and separate from each other. 6. A release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a convex portion having a shape meshing with the concave portion formed by cleaving one material. The supercooling release device according to claim 5, characterized in that: 7. A release element member having a concave portion in which a minute space is formed inside, and a release element member having a convex portion having a shape meshing with the concave portion formed by cutting one material. The supercooling release device according to claim 5, characterized in that: 8. The supercooling release device according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the release element forming the minute space is formed as a rough surface. 9. A pair of open surfaces, each of which is formed as a rough surface having a plurality of irregularities, a plurality of recesses on the rough surface are formed as minute spaces, and the rough surfaces are arranged to face each other. The release element constituted by the element member and the space between the pair of release element members are made close to each other to form a convex portion on the rough surface of one release element member and a minute space on the rough surface of the other release element member. 2. The supercooling and releasing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a denser means for meshing seeds of crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in a minute space by meshing. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the height difference between the concave portion and the convex portion on the rough surface of the release element member is set to be 3 to 500 times the crystallization critical radius of the heat storage material in a supercooled state. The supercooling release device as described in the above. 11. The distance between the rough surfaces of a pair of release element members in a state where the release element members are separated from each other is 0.2 to 0.2.
11. The structure according to claim 9, wherein the thickness is 30 μm.
3. The supercooling release device according to item 1. 12. A heat storage material crystal is attached to a surface of a release element formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to a lattice constant of a heat storage material in a minute space. Item 12. A subcooling release device according to any one of Items 1 to 11. 13. By operating the subcooling / release device at least once in advance, a surface of a release element formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to a lattice constant of a heat storage material in a minute space is formed. 13. The supercooling release device according to claim 12, wherein a crystal of a heat storage material is adhered. 14. Contacting the release element with the crystal of the heat storage material allows the release element to store heat on a surface formed of a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space. 13. The supercooling release device according to claim 12, wherein a crystal of the material is attached. 15. The supercooling release device according to claim 9, wherein the surface areas of the opposing rough surfaces formed on the release element are each 0.1 m ² or more. 16. A value of (a × b × c) ^1/3 calculated from lattice constants a, b, and c of a member constituting a surface forming a minute space of the release element is a lattice of the heat storage material. Constant a
′, B ′, c ′ (a ′ × b ′ × c ′)
The supercooling release device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein a member having a value of 40 to 100% of a value of ^1/3 is used. 17. The supercool release device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of minute spaces are formed. 18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compacting means for compacting the seeds of the crystal nuclei of the heat storage material in the minute space is a pressure load, a vibration, or a composite system thereof. Subcooling release device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a converging means including a driving unit and an elastic material for transmitting the movement of the driving unit to one of the pair of release elements.
The supercooling release device according to any one of the above. 20. The supercooling release device according to claim 1, further comprising a crowding means that can be operated by remote control. 21. A heat storage element comprising the supercooling release device according to claim 1 and a heat storage material. 22. Rolling a heat storage material containing sodium acetate hydrate, a material containing martensitic SUS, austenitic SUS material or precipitation hardening SUS as a member constituting a surface forming a minute space. 22. The supercooling / release device according to claim 1, wherein the supercooling release device according to any one of claims 1 to 20 uses a material including SUS in which a part of the crystal system has changed from cubic to tetragonal. Heat storage. 23. The heat storage material according to claim 21, wherein a heat storage material containing a release element retaining agent for suppressing operation of the supercooling release element due to disturbance is used. body. 24. The heat storage body according to claim 23, wherein a high-viscosity or gel-like material is used as the release element retaining agent. 25. The heat storage element according to claim 24, wherein the release element retaining agent is made of a porous and flexible material. 26. A device for preventing release element retention agent from adhering to a surface formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of a heat storage material inside a minute space. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein
The heat storage body according to any one of Items 3 to 25. 27. As means for preventing the release element retaining agent from adhering,
On the surface of the release element, which is formed by a member having a lattice constant similar to the lattice constant of the heat storage material inside the minute space,
The heat storage body according to claim 26, wherein a crystal of the heat storage material is attached. 28. The heat storage element according to claim 23, further comprising a release element disposed so that an average distance between the pair of release element members is 0.2 to 10 μm. 29. A heating and heating apparatus comprising: the heat storage body according to claim 21; and a heating source for heating the heat storage body.