GB2117748A - A process for stabilising unstable pellets of pulverent mineral materials - Google Patents
A process for stabilising unstable pellets of pulverent mineral materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2117748A GB2117748A GB08307210A GB8307210A GB2117748A GB 2117748 A GB2117748 A GB 2117748A GB 08307210 A GB08307210 A GB 08307210A GB 8307210 A GB8307210 A GB 8307210A GB 2117748 A GB2117748 A GB 2117748A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pellets
- coating
- pellet
- water
- reagent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical class [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 ores Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B19/00—Granulation or pelletisation of phosphatic fertilisers, other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2413—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating enduration of pellets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Abstract
A process for stabilising pellets for agriculture and building construction which consist of pulverulent mineral materials such as iron ores, dolomite, or carbonate or phosphate salts and which, after agglomeration, are unstable by virtue of re-drying, hygroscopy or reaction with the atmosphere. After their formation by a known granulation build-up method using pelletising liquid, the pellets are provided with a coating of a mineral material which is either insoluble or difficultly soluble in water.
Description
SPECIFICATION
A process for stabilising unstable pellets of pulverent mineral materials
The invention relates to a process for stabilising pellets for the chemical industry, the glass and ceramics industry, agriculture, building construction or the like and in which the pellets consist of pulverulent, granular or dusty mineral materials such as ores, dolomite or carbonate or phosphate salts and which, after agglomeration, are unstable by virtue of re-drying, hygroscopy or reaction with the atmosphere.
In industry, pulverulent, granular or dusty materials occur as raw materials or waste materials in large quantities, and their storage, transport and further processing in this form gives rise to considerable difficulties for various reasons. For example, dusts from gas cleaning plants, cement dusts and other similar dusty materials give off a large fraction of dust on loading, transporting and depositing, thus leading to losses and considerable environmental pollution. Hygroscopic materials, such as mineral fertilisers and building materials, according to their degree of hygroscopicity and capacity for binding water, can sometimes form lumps and even, when of high water binding capacity, can sometimes become runny, and are then completely unsuitable for transportation and, where appropriate, further processing.There are also those groups of minerals which react chemically with oxygen or some other component of the air, and thus undergo a change in their material composition on long storage, which can also make them unsuitable for further processing. Finally, there are materials, such as smeltable ores, which are mainly composed of dusts or small material, but which can be further processed in a blast furnace either only or at least partially in the form of pieces.
Various measures have been taken in practice in order to obviate these drawbacks, according to the type of problem, but overall these measures are very costly and obviate the drawbacks only partly or insufficiently.
Thus for example materials which are hygroscopic or react with components of the atmosphere have been stored and transported in lined bags, which on the one hand adds a considerable packing cost and, compared with normal conveying in belt or pipe conveying plants which can be used for dusty or granular materials, considerable transport costs.
However, even this does not lead to a completely satisfactory solution, because, after opening the package, the contents, if not directly used, are again exposed to undesirable air and thus moisture entry. Storage and transport in durable sealable sheet metal containers is not practical for cost reasons. Even the production of nitrate-containing fertilisers with high acid contents, for the purpose of avoiding ammonia losses in mineral fertilisers, does not lead to a satisfactory result. The nitrogen oxides which form in these mineral fertilisers on the one hand likewise represent a loss of nourishing material, and on the other hand are also extremely health-damaging and form such aggressive compounds that after a short time they decompose the package material.
Even agglomerating these materials, by pelletising them by a build-up method using pelletising liquid, normally water, has up to now not given a satisfactory result. This is certainly the case with materials which are hyrroscopic and react chemically with the atmosphere, because pelletisation by buildingup does not eliminate the causes of the change, namely the hygroscopicity and the chemical reactability. These drawbacks are not present in the case of a large number of the other indicated materials, such as ores, coal dusts and most precipitated dusts. However, these materials, in spite of their agglomerability, have not been subjected to pelletising by the build-up method, because after pelletising they lose the pelletising liquid to the atmosphere due to re-drying, after which they disintegrate into their original dust form under the slightest compression stresses.
According to the invention, there is provided a process for stabilising pellets of pulverulent mineral materials which, after agglomeration, are unstable by virtue of redrying, hygroscopy or reaction with the atmosphere, the method comprising, after formation of the pellets by a known granulation build-up method using a pelletising liquid, providing the pellets with a coating of a mineral material which is either insoluble or difficultly soluble in water.
Thus, a process is provided for pelletising materials which are known to be basically accessible to agglomeration with a pelletising liquid, but which heretofore have been considered unsuitable for the formation of durable agglomerates due to the fact that after a short time they change their consistency either by virtue of subsequent drying, or subsequent water absorption due to their hygroscopic nature, or by chemical reaction with substances contained in the surrounding atmosphere, to such an extent that the disintegration of the formed agglomerates results.By coating the surface of the formed pellets or granulates with a layer of a mineral which is insoluble or difficultly soluble in water, the entry of moisture or other components of the atmosphere into the pellet material is reliably prevented, so that no only the physical properties of the pellet, in particular its solidity, but also its chemical stability are reliably assured.
Any material which satisfies the conditions can be used as the coating material. The hydroxides of the metal of the main Group II and subsidiary Group II of the periodic table can be advantageously used. These metal hydroxides, on the one hand, representing mineral materials which either, in most processes, give rise to no disturbing reactions or indeed present advantages when added, and, on the other hand, can be applied to the pellets in a technically extremely simple manner.
For example, they can be applied by firstly processing the material to be agglomerated in known manner by feeding pelletising liquid, and then applying the coating material in the form of a dry metal oxide, this being then hydroxylated by means of the surface moisture or by adding water.
The choices of coating material is determined by the type of pellet material and its further use. Thus, a preferred coating material can be calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, which can be advantageously used in most applications of mineral materials, for example in agriculture for neutralising acid soil, in building construction as a bonding material, and in metallurgical smelting as a basic material for slag formation.
The coating can be made by spraying a dissolved or dispersed liquid reagent which by reaction with the pellet material forms a compound which is insoluble or difficultly soluble in water, so that a protective casing is formed which hinders moisture diffusion. Dilute acid or alkali, or organic solvents such as petrol, benzene, methanol, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, paraffin or the like can be used as a reagent of this kind, depending on the pellet material and the method of its further processing.
The reagent which reacts with the pellet material is preferably fed in such a quantity that only a partial conversion of the pellet material takes place during the conversion reaction. An example of the use of this embodiment of the process can be the pelletising of natural phosphates, such as phosphorite and apatite used in agriculture, or the pelletising of dolomite (calcium magnesium carbonate). In such cases, the coating is preferably carried out by spraying dilute sulphuric acid on to the pellets or by the direct use of dilute sulphuric acid as the pelletising liquid in the final stage of the pelletising operation, the quantity of sulphuric acid used being such that the conversion of the tertiary phosphate with the simultaneous formation of anhydrite (CaSO4. H20) proceeds only as far as calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO4).The casing which is formed in this manner consists of calcium hydrogen phosphate which is soluble only in mineral acids, and insoluble anhydrite, so that the entry of moisture into the core of the pellet and any diffusion of moisture into the atmosphere are prevented, whereas because of the solubility of the calcium hydrogen phosphate in the mineral acids of the soil, the granule can be decomposed.
The coating is preferably carried out in a ploughshare mixer having a drum peripheral speed of 0.1 20 to 0.180 m/sec. and preferably 0.165 m/sec. and an operating temperature of 30C. The temperature rise during the coating being limited to a maximum of 10"C by controlling the liquid feed. In this respect, the amount of bonding agents such as CaO or CaSO4 used for bonding 1 mole of water per mole of substance maybe 2 to 5% by weight, and preferably 2 to 3% by weight with respect to the total weight of finished pellets.
The invention will now be described hereinafter with reference to some examples.
EXAMPLE 1
About 40.0 kg of dolocat (a mixture of dolomite and calcium carbonate) are weighed into a pelletising ploughshare mixer of
V = 300 litres, and are processed into pellets after feeding 7.0 kg of water as the pelletising liquid. After a mixing time of 15-20 minutes, 3.0 kg of quicklime are fed, and are intensively mixed with the pellets until there is no further rise in temperature. Hydroxylation in accordance with the reaction CaO + H20 =
Ca(OH)2 has then terminated, and the resultant pellets are durably firm, storable and transportable, for use as fertiliser or in the fermentation industry.
EXAMPLE 2
About 50 kg of calcium phosphate and 11.25 kg of water (as the pelletising liquid) are weighed into a pelletising ploughshare mixer of V = 300 litres, and processed into pellets. 2.75 kg of concentrated sulphuric acid (98.0-99.5% by weight) are now fed, and are uniformly distributed over the pellet surface by mixing at a temperature of 50-60"C. The formation of the casing proceeds on the surface in accordance with the reaction CA3(PO4)2 + H2S04 = CaSO4 + 2CaHPO4, followed by CaSO4 + H2O =
CaSO4. H20. The resultant pellets are mechanically firm, stable, storable and transportable, and can be used in practice in the normal manner.
Claims (12)
1. A process for stbabilising pellets of pulverulent mineral materials which, after agglomeration, are unstable by virtue of redrying, hygroscopy or reaction with the atmosphere, the method comprising, after formation of the pellets by a known granulation build-up method using a pelletising liquid, providing the pellets with a coating of a mineral material which is either insoluble or difficultly soluble in water.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating mineral material is a hydroxide of a metal of main Group ll or of subsidiary Group II of the periodic table.
3. A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coating material is applied to the pellets in the form of a dry metal oxide by rolling or by sprinkling-on, and is then hydroxylated by water absorption from the pellet or by feeding further pelletising liquid.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating is by spraying a dissolved or dispersed liquid reagent which, by reaction with the pellet material, forms a compound which is either water-insoluble or difficultly soluble in water, so that a protective casing is formed which prevents diffusion of moisture.
5. A process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the reagent is a dilute acid or alkali, or is an organic solvent, the reagent being chosen in accordance with the pellet material and the manner in which it is to be further used.
6. A process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reagent is petrol or benzene, or methanol or alcohol or carbon tetrachloride or paraffin.
7. A process as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the reagent is fed in such a quantity that, during the conversion reaction, only a partial chemical conversion of the pellet takes place, so that the properties of the initial pellet substance are not substantially changed or impaired.
8. A process as claimed in claim 1 to 7, wherein the coating is carried out in a ploughshare mixer with a peripheral drum speed of 0.1 20 to 0.180 m/sec. and an operating temperature of 30"C or substantially 30"C.
9. A process according to claim 8 wherein the peripheral seed of the drum of the ploughshare mixer is 0.165 m/sec.
10. A process as claimed in claim 8 or claim 9 wherein the temperature rise during the coating is limited to a maximum of 10"C by controlling the feed of liquid and wherein the coating step is performed for five minutes.
11. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating material is fed in a quantity of 2 to 5% by weight of the finished pellets for bonding 1 mole of water per mole of pulverent mineral material.
1 2. A process for stabilising pellets substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to either of the foregoing Examples.
1 3. A stabilised pellet when made by the process of any one of claims 1 to
1 2.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823209618 DE3209618A1 (en) | 1982-03-17 | 1982-03-17 | METHOD FOR STABILIZING UNSTABLE PELLETS MADE OF POWDERED MINERAL MATERIALS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8307210D0 GB8307210D0 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| GB2117748A true GB2117748A (en) | 1983-10-19 |
| GB2117748B GB2117748B (en) | 1986-01-08 |
Family
ID=6158446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08307210A Expired GB2117748B (en) | 1982-03-17 | 1983-03-16 | A process for stabilizing unstable pellets of pulverent mineral materials |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE896167A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1213734A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD207735A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3209618A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK44883A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2523481A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2117748B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1212713B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU84693A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8300918A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8301316L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT407402B (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2001-03-26 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | METHOD FOR PRODUCING APPLICABLE MATERIAL FOR A DIRECT REDUCTION PROCESS |
| ES2579933T3 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2016-08-17 | Rheinkalk Gmbh | Preparation of a material based on calcium and / or magnesium carbonate that has a reduced tendency to decapitate |
| DE102023133563A1 (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2025-06-05 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Process and iron ore-containing particles for the production of sponge iron |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB559482A (en) * | 1942-06-09 | 1944-02-22 | Sturtevant Eng Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the manufacture of granular superphosphatic fertilisers |
| GB818615A (en) * | 1957-06-03 | 1959-08-19 | Illinois Clay Products Co | Method of strengthening iron ore agglomerates |
| GB953936A (en) * | 1960-12-22 | 1964-04-02 | Nat Lead Co | Water-wettable rutile tio pigment and process for producing same |
| GB1168106A (en) * | 1967-08-30 | 1969-10-22 | English Clays Lovering Pochin | Improvements in or relating to Granular Materials containing Anti-Caking Powders |
| GB1189902A (en) * | 1966-11-15 | 1970-04-29 | Central Glass Co Ltd | A Method for Producing Gypsum Pellets |
| GB1193237A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1970-05-28 | Int Nickel Canada | Treatment of Ores |
| GB1302931A (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| GB1386911A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1975-03-12 | Solvay | Alkali metal chlorite |
| GB1485418A (en) * | 1973-08-09 | 1977-09-14 | Uss Eng & Consult | Pellets useful in shaft furnace direct reduction and method of making same |
| GB2019825A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-07 | Kao Corp | Process for stabilization of sodium percarbonate |
| GB2051760A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-01-21 | Quigley Co | Slag-forming agent and prcess for producing the agent |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE645223C (en) * | 1930-10-28 | 1937-05-25 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Process for the production of non-baking fertilizers |
| GB389508A (en) * | 1931-09-17 | 1933-03-17 | Alfred John Prince | Improvements in the production of fertilisers |
| GB1032724A (en) * | 1963-06-04 | 1966-06-15 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Mixtures of granular or pulverulent components and finely divided phosphates |
-
1982
- 1982-03-17 DE DE19823209618 patent/DE3209618A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-02-03 DK DK44883A patent/DK44883A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-03-09 DD DD83248657A patent/DD207735A5/en unknown
- 1983-03-10 SE SE8301316A patent/SE8301316L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-03-10 IT IT8320005A patent/IT1212713B/en active
- 1983-03-10 CA CA000423321A patent/CA1213734A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-14 NL NL8300918A patent/NL8300918A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-03-15 LU LU84693A patent/LU84693A1/en unknown
- 1983-03-16 GB GB08307210A patent/GB2117748B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-16 FR FR8304289A patent/FR2523481A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-03-16 BE BE2/60049A patent/BE896167A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB559482A (en) * | 1942-06-09 | 1944-02-22 | Sturtevant Eng Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the manufacture of granular superphosphatic fertilisers |
| GB818615A (en) * | 1957-06-03 | 1959-08-19 | Illinois Clay Products Co | Method of strengthening iron ore agglomerates |
| GB953936A (en) * | 1960-12-22 | 1964-04-02 | Nat Lead Co | Water-wettable rutile tio pigment and process for producing same |
| GB1189902A (en) * | 1966-11-15 | 1970-04-29 | Central Glass Co Ltd | A Method for Producing Gypsum Pellets |
| GB1193237A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1970-05-28 | Int Nickel Canada | Treatment of Ores |
| GB1168106A (en) * | 1967-08-30 | 1969-10-22 | English Clays Lovering Pochin | Improvements in or relating to Granular Materials containing Anti-Caking Powders |
| GB1302931A (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1973-01-10 | ||
| GB1386911A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1975-03-12 | Solvay | Alkali metal chlorite |
| GB1485418A (en) * | 1973-08-09 | 1977-09-14 | Uss Eng & Consult | Pellets useful in shaft furnace direct reduction and method of making same |
| GB2019825A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-07 | Kao Corp | Process for stabilization of sodium percarbonate |
| GB2051760A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-01-21 | Quigley Co | Slag-forming agent and prcess for producing the agent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DD207735A5 (en) | 1984-03-14 |
| NL8300918A (en) | 1983-10-17 |
| SE8301316L (en) | 1983-09-18 |
| BE896167A (en) | 1983-07-18 |
| IT1212713B (en) | 1989-11-30 |
| DE3209618A1 (en) | 1983-09-22 |
| IT8320005A0 (en) | 1983-03-10 |
| LU84693A1 (en) | 1983-09-08 |
| CA1213734A (en) | 1986-11-12 |
| SE8301316D0 (en) | 1983-03-10 |
| FR2523481A1 (en) | 1983-09-23 |
| DK44883D0 (en) | 1983-02-03 |
| GB2117748B (en) | 1986-01-08 |
| GB8307210D0 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| DK44883A (en) | 1983-09-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |