ES2607360T3 - Component with at least one luminous element - Google Patents

Abstract

Component (1) with at least one luminous element (4), the component (1) presenting as material a material derived from the wood and the luminous element (4) being arranged inside the component (1), characterized in that the Component (1) is a lightweight construction panel (2) with two outer layers (1a, 1b) of a wood-derived material and a central layer (1c) that has a lower density than the outer layers (1a, 1b) , one or more openings (6) being arranged in one of the outer layers (1b).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Component with at least one luminous element

The present invention relates to a component with at least one luminous element.

In the state of the art there are a plurality of components with integrated luminous elements, which can be subsequently integrated for example in a wall, a ceiling or a floor. Such a component is described, for example, in GB2242455A. In order to allow the housing of the component, which is for example a metal frame, on the wall, the ceiling or the floor, a corresponding recess must previously be provided therein, which makes the assembly of the light element relatively expensive.

Therefore, the present invention has the objective of making available a component with at least one luminous element, which guarantees a simplified assembly of the luminous element.

The objective indicated and set forth above is achieved with a component according to claim 1.

By material derived from wood are understood in the sense of the present invention all materials that are based on the natural wood product, although crushed, and that have been processed by adding other adjuvants and binders. Accordingly, these are, among other things, chip panels, fiber panels, for example MDF or HDF panels and OSB panels, as well as improved products of those indicated above, such as light construction panels, composite nest panels of bee, panels with plastic or melamine resin coatings. The concept of material derived from wood does not mean solid wood, such as planks and boards, or wood veneers.

Thanks to the use of a material derived from wood it is possible that the component according to the invention does not have to be costly mounted on an existing wall, an existing roof or an existing floor, since it already forms beforehand, at less in part, said wall, said ceiling or said floor.

It is conceivable that the component according to the invention forms a side wall or a shelf of a cabinet, the luminous element not having to be mounted in this way in an expensive way. In other words, the component according to the invention and the luminous element arranged inside form a prefabricated assembly unit by the factory, which can be used as a wall, ceiling or floor element, for example of furniture or also in the construction of houses.

The dependent claims refer to preferable embodiments of the component according to the invention, which will be explained in more detail below.

A special embodiment is the combination of products in the form of especially light or soundproof panels, for example light construction panels or acoustic panels, with luminous elements.

As luminous elements, all possible luminous elements can be used in principle according to the state of the art. However, those luminous elements that have a reduced construction height and / or whose light can be focused well and / or that have a reduced heat generation and / or that have a high light output have been advantageous. These properties fulfill, for example, the luminous elements in the form of LEDs. Another advantage of LED technology is that it is possible to influence its color temperature through corresponding controls. In this way it is possible to easily influence, according to the needs, the necessary light conditions.

The components according to the invention can be used as wall, ceiling or floor elements. It is also conceivable the integration in furniture (shelves, the integration in walls of cabinets for the illumination of the interior space) or in constructive components. It is especially advantageous that the preferably bearing component can also assume the function of lighting.

A special advantage of the component represents the possibility of using wood-derived materials as a panel-shaped component. In general, wood-derived materials have a reduced thermal resistance, which makes it difficult to mount halogen luminous elements in furniture. In particular, wood-derived materials also use multi-layer panels, preferably three-layer panels.

According to the invention, the luminous elements are used in combination with light construction panels. The lightweight construction panels are formed by outer layers of usual wood-derived materials and a central layer, which has a density clearly lower than the outer layers, such as honeycomb cardboard, foamed core layers (e.g. polyurethane foam, styrene foam, biological foams, light panels of lignocellulosic material). Another possibility, which is not part of the invention, would be a lightweight construction panel, formed by an integral panel, which has a clearly lower density in the center, which increases towards the outer side of the panel. A lightweight construction panel has a density that is in particular less than 450 kg / m3, preferably less than 350 kg / m3.

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Regardless of whether the component is a lightweight construction panel or not, it is advantageous that, according to one embodiment, the density of the material derived from the component's wood, in particular the outer layer, increases towards the outside, in order to guarantee in this way a great stability of the openings, through which the light leaves the component towards the outside. This is particularly important in the event that the opening does not exclusively present interior surfaces that extend in the perpendicular direction with respect to the plane of the component or the outer layer but that the interior surfaces have, for example, a stepped and / or chamfered extension . In the case of a staggered and / or chamfered extension, the wood-derived material has only a relatively reduced thickness in the narrowest cross-sectional area of the opening, so at this point it is necessary to prevent breakage of cracks. in the area of the edge of the opening. The density should therefore be in areas close to the surfaces, for example of at least 750 kg / m3, in particular of at least 780 kg / m3, preferably of at least 800 kg / m3.

The openings described above can be both holes and grooves. For example, fields with a plurality of openings arranged symmetrically are conceivable, in particular with several rows of openings arranged side by side. Fields with several slots arranged next to each other are also conceivable. Combinations of openings in the form of grooves and circular can also be provided. Optimum illumination results, for example, in particular when LED is used, in case of an arrangement of several luminous points in the form of a square, that is, for example five rows with respectively five openings for a field of 25 LEDs. Of course, individual rows of openings or LEDs are also conceivable. Several openings or LED fields may also be provided, preferably in a symmetrical arrangement in the component.

As mentioned above, the openings may have different cross-sections and may be made in particular circularly, in the form of holes and in the form of slots. Thanks to a suitable arrangement of the light emitting element with respect to the opening it is also possible to achieve a symmetrical or asymmetric light output. In other words, the light emitting element must not necessarily be coaxially disposed with respect to the opening, but may also be arranged displaced with respect to it.

The LED brings together in an especially advantageous way the possibility of focusing in combination with a reduced construction size. Therefore, a concentration of the light beam is possible such that it exits respectively through an opening with a diameter or a cross-section less than one to a few millimeters (eg 0.05-10, in particular 1- 8 mm, preferably 3-6 mm).

Since the luminous element is arranged very far back according to a configuration of the component according to the invention in comparison with the cross section of the opening with respect to the outer surface of the component, in particular of the outer layer, it is barely visible to the observer. In this way, the actual light element can be prevented from disturbing the observer by direct light. Therefore, a very homogeneous and apparently diffuse lighting impression can be achieved. Also the diameter of the opening in the place of the narrowest cross section or on the outer side of the component influences the impression generated by the lighting. If the light emitting element is arranged, for example, due to the construction relatively close to the opening in question, the cross section of the opening must be chosen as small as possible so as not to disturb the observer by direct light. Therefore, to generate a certain illumination impression, the distance between the light emitting element and the aperture also influences.

According to another embodiment of the component according to the invention, it may be provided that the distance between the light emitting element of the light element, in particular of the LED, and the outer layer, which is provided with the light output openings, is greater than 10%, in particular greater than 20%, preferably greater than 50% of the thickness of the component. As explained above, the cross section of the openings can be chosen very small. For example, an LED with a reflector and a lens as a light emitting element may be designed such that the light rays leave the light emitting element such that they meet once more in a spotlight, before entering in a very wide fan in space. If the light emitting element is arranged in such a way that the focus is located exactly in the area of the light output opening in the component, it is sufficient to provide a cross-section of the very reduced opening. In this way it can be achieved with simple means that a great deal of glare is largely achieved.

There are different possibilities to concentrate or direct the beam of light. On the one hand, it can have a symmetrical shape, so there is a homogeneous illumination of a perpendicular surface with respect to the ray of light. However, an asymmetric concentration is also possible, so a deflection of the outgoing light is possible.

In this way it can be generated in case of using as a ceiling lamp for example, higher luminous intensities on the surfaces to be illuminated or the outgoing light can be diverted towards the center of the space in the case of a ceiling lamp used at the edge or also vice versa.

A luminous element in the form of LED requires electrical devices for the regulation of the light intensity and for the supply of current to the LED. The latter can be installed, for example, centrally and supplies different components, which once again have several luminous elements in the form of LEDs. However, the integration of electrical devices has proved advantageous for the application and assembly. From

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In this way, several components can be wired and connected as usual "lamps".

Individual roof elements are preferably used for the construction of roof systems, which can be introduced into prepared supports. The luminous elements are subsequently installed or mounted on individual ceiling elements. However, the illuminations used in this way are in most cases annoying to the observer, since it has a high degree of direct vision of the light element. Also in case of using reflectors, this annoying property can only be resolved insufficiently. The consequences are reflections and illumination not homogeneous. By using the components according to the invention with luminous elements in some of the ceiling elements this annoying effect can be prevented.

The acoustic equipment of spaces and furniture with panels of wood-derived material is possible in a very simple way. According to the state of the art, the outer layers are perforated for this, so that the sound input into the panel is possible. Elements that reflect the sound and absorb the sound inside the panel lead to sound absorption and do not let the incoming sound out again.

The perforation may have holes of one or several millimeters (for example 1-2 mm). However, products whose hole diameter is less than 1 millimeter are also conceivable. The expert calls panels such panels or acoustic panels.

A special embodiment of the present invention represents the combination of properties related to the sound technique and the illumination of a panel such that the perforations of the acoustic panel are used for the passage of light rays. For this, certain holes in the acoustic panel are provided in a frame that depends on the necessary light intensity of light emitting elements or light emitting elements are arranged behind the openings. Thanks to the choice of the appropriate light emitting element (eg LED), the necessary radius of the opening can be configured almost identical to the diameter of the perforation. In this way, optical disadvantages can be avoided by annoying, non-homogeneous borehole diameters.

Finally, we will talk about other preferable embodiments regarding the realization of the material derived from wood.

As already indicated above, the wood-derived material is preferably configured in such a way that it exhibits very high homogeneity and density in the region near the surface. Thanks to this, the formation of precise recesses is possible. To achieve the required homogeneity, when using chip panels as wood-derived material, at least 50%, in particular at least 75%, preferably at least 95% of the particles may have a maximum diameter of 0.5 mm in areas near the surface.

A further improved precision in the realization of the openings can be achieved according to another embodiment, when the wood-derived material is provided with a coating containing a synthetic resin. This has an even greater density than a material derived from wood and can be machined very precisely with tools of a correspondingly high quality. As impregnation agents, which are directly pressed with the panel of wood-derived material, or laminates, which are glued in a separate working stage on the wood-derived material can preferably be used as the coating. The coating may have a thickness of at least 0.05 mm, in particular at least 0.15 mm, preferably at least 0.25 mm. Particularly known resins of urea, melamine as well as phenol and mixtures thereof are used.

To avoid annoying reflections in the area of the passage of light, blackening can be performed here. To avoid a separate work stage, it may be advantageous to use a material derived from mass-colored wood. For this numerous possibilities are known in the state of the art. For example, a dye can also be added to the chips or fibers in addition to the binder, here in order to achieve a blackening also graphite.

To avoid long-term problems that may result for the component due to the heating that occurs in any light source, it is preferable that the material derived from the wood has a greater resistance to heat, although this problem occurs to a degree not significant in the LEDs, which are preferably used. Measures to achieve this resistance are well known from the state of the art. In the case of lightweight construction panels, this can be achieved thanks to the use of high temperature resistant materials for the central layer, such as special honeycomb cardboard, and thanks to the choice of a high temperature resistant adhesive for the union between the central layer and the outer layers. Therefore, wood-derived materials or light construction panels that have a temperature resistance of at least 75 ° C, in particular at least 100 ° C, preferably at least 115 ° C, are preferably used.

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Example 1:

Integration of an LED in a honeycomb panel of light construction.

In a light construction panel with a total thickness of 19 mm, formed by outer layers on both sides (chip panel with a thickness of 4 mm) and a honeycomb cardboard core, several emitting elements are integrated as light elements of light. The honeycomb panel is coated on all sides and is made decoratively on surfaces and edges. In addition, it has interlocking devices on the back, which allow mounting as a luminous ceiling element integrated in a coffered ceiling formed by different elements.

The element has a square shape and has 16 light emitting elements integrated in four rows of 4 elements respectively. The luminous elements are pre-assembled on a support panel, in which all the electrical devices for the operation of the luminous element are also found.

The pre-assembled support panel features devices for fixing on the honeycomb panel.

The honeycomb panel is prepared with drills, which are used for the output of the light beam, and with millings for the support panel housing. The support panel can now be inserted in a simple assembly stage into the prepared honeycomb panel and can be used as a partial element of a coffered ceiling, which assumes at the same time a lighting function.

Example 2:

Integration of an LED in an acoustic panel

An acoustic panel has perforations on at least one outer side in a frame. Light emitting elements such as those described in Example 1 are now integrated in such a way that the acoustic panel opening of the 16 light emitting elements arranged in a frame coincides with perforations of the acoustic panel. Therefore, the luminous element is integrated in such a way in the panel that it can hardly be perceived.

There are now multiple possibilities to configure and refine the component according to the invention. For this, reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims that depend on revindication 1 and, on the other hand, to the description of an example of realization with the aid of the attached drawing. In the drawing they show:

Figures 1a) to d) a sectional view of examples of embodiment of a component according to the present

invention and

Figure 2 a plan view from above of the component of Figures 1a) to d).

Figure 1 and Figure 2 show a component 1, here a light construction panel 2, with a first outer layer 1a, a second outer layer 1b and a central honeycomb shaped layer 1c, light, with light element 4 integrated. The light element 4 is connected by a support 7 with the outer layer 1a. The light element 4 has several LEDs 5, which radiate outwards through circular openings 6 assigned in the outer layer 1b. To reinforce, the lightweight construction panel features 3 crossbars.

The embodiments according to Figures 1a) to d) are distinguished by the realization of the openings 6, in particular the extension of the inner surfaces 6a of the openings 6. The inner surfaces 6a of the openings 6 are made straight in the example of embodiment according to Figure 1a) and extend in the perpendicular direction with respect to the plane of the light construction panel 2 or the lower outer layer 1b.

However, it is also conceivable to provide, as in the case of Figure 1b), a stepped extension of the interior surfaces 6a. The upper part of the inner surface 6a is arranged further back than the lower part. Such a configuration of an opening 6 can be achieved, for example, because a blind hole of a relatively large diameter is first provided on the side facing the LED 5 of the lower outer layer 1b, where it is subsequently made a through hole of a smaller diameter. However, especially advantageously, the described opening 6 can also be made with a correspondingly formed step drill. A stepped extension of the inner surfaces 6a has the advantage that cross sections of relatively small apertures can be made, in particular in combination with a concentration of the light rays emitted in a focus.

Cross-sections as small as possible of the openings can also be achieved by means of an inclined extension of the inner surfaces 6a, as represented for example in the embodiment example of Figure 1c). An inclined extension refers to an extension at an angle with respect to the longitudinal plane of the light construction panel 2 or with respect to the lower outer layer 1b. An extension of this type can be achieved, for example, by a conical cutter.

Figure 1d) shows a combination of a stepped and an inclined extension of the inner surfaces 6a of the opening 6. In this case, the upper part of the inner surface 6a is displaced backwards with respect to the lower part and is generated for example because a blind hole of a relatively large diameter in the lower outer layer 1b is first provided. The lower part of the inner surface 6a then protrudes in a plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of the light construction panels 2 or the outer layer 1b in the direction of the center of the opening 6, followed by a chamfered section, in which the inner surface 6a therefore extends at an angle to the longitudinal plane of the light construction panel 2 or outer layer 1b. The chamfered section can be generated in the present case, for example, by a conical cutter. This opening 6 can also be made alternatively with a correspondingly formed step drill.

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Figure 2 finally shows a top plan view of component 1 in the form of a light construction panel 2 with a field of four rows of LEDs 5 or openings 6 arranged side by side and displaced relative to each other. Of course, the arrangement of several fields of this type in a single component 1 is also conceivable.

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Claims (15)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 60 65 1. Component (1) with at least one luminous element (4), the component (1) presenting as material a material derived from the wood and the luminous element (4) being arranged inside the component (1), characterized by that the component (1) is a light construction panel (2) with two outer layers (1a, 1b) of a wood-derived material and a central layer (1c) that has a density lower than the outer layers (1a, 1b), one or more openings (6) being arranged in one of the outer layers (1b). 2. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) has at least one panel of chips, fibers and / or OSB. 3. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner surfaces (6a) of the openings (6) are blackened. 4. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior surfaces (6a) of the openings (6) have a stepped and / or chamfered extension. 5. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings (6) are formed by holes and / or grooves. 6. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light element (4) has at least one light emitting element, in particular at least one LED (5), being preferably assigned to each emitting element of light, in particular to each LED (5), one of the openings (6) and the opening (6) being especially preferably arranged coaxially with respect to the light emitting element, in particular with respect to the LED (5). 7. Component (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the diameter of the opening (6) is 0.05-10, in particular 1-8 mm, preferably 3-6 mm. 8. Component (1) according to claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the distance between the light emitting element, in particular the LED (5), and the outer layer (1b) is greater than 10%, in particular greater than 20%, preferably greater than 50% of the thickness of the component (1), the light emitting element being particularly preferable, in particular the LED (5), in contact with the outer layer (1b). 9. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (1) is an acoustic panel. 10. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the density of the wood-derived material of the component (1), in particular of the outer layer (1b), increases outward, in particular up to a value of at least 750 kg / m3, preferably at least 780 kg / m3, especially preferably at least 800 kg / m3. 11. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood-derived material of component (1), in particular of the outer layer (1b), has at least 30%, in particular in 20%, preferably in the outer 10% of its cross section with respect to the total thickness of the wood-derived material, a part of particles of a maximum diameter of 0.5 mm of at least 50%, in particular of at least 75%, preferably at least 95% with respect to the total number of particles. 12. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood-derived material of component (1), in particular of the outer layer (1b), is provided with a coating containing a synthetic resin , which is formed in particular by an impregnating agent, which is preferably pressed directly with the material derived from the wood, or which is formed by a laminate, which is preferably glued in a separate working stage in the material derived from the wood. 13. Component (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the coating has a thickness of at least 0.05 mm, in particular at least 0.15 mm, preferably at least 0.25 mm. 14. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles of the wood-derived material of the component (1), in particular of the outer layer (1b), are colored with a dye, in particular with graphite 15. Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material derived from the wood of the component (1), in particular of the outer layer (1b), and / or the light construction panel (2 ), in particular the central layer (1c), have a temperature resistance of at least 75 ° C, in particular at least 100 ° C, preferably at least 115 ° C.