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EP4026765B1 - Système de propulsion de bateau et bateau équipé d'un tel système - Google Patents

Système de propulsion de bateau et bateau équipé d'un tel système Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4026765B1
EP4026765B1 EP21205374.8A EP21205374A EP4026765B1 EP 4026765 B1 EP4026765 B1 EP 4026765B1 EP 21205374 A EP21205374 A EP 21205374A EP 4026765 B1 EP4026765 B1 EP 4026765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ship
propulsion system
rotor
stator
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21205374.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4026765A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Heer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schottel GmbH
Original Assignee
Schottel GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Schottel GmbH filed Critical Schottel GmbH
Publication of EP4026765A1 publication Critical patent/EP4026765A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship propulsion system comprising a tunnel-shaped housing and an electrically driven propeller arranged in the housing with an annular rotor which carries a plurality of propeller blades on its radially inner side and has a stator for driving the rotor on its radially outer side.
  • Such marine propulsion systems are well known and are used as so-called rim thrusters, both as main propulsion systems and as maneuvering propulsion systems, for example in the form of transverse thrusters, particularly in passenger ships and large yachts. They form a space-saving and lightweight drive that converts electrical energy directly into propulsion power without transmission losses.
  • the propeller blades are arranged on the radially inner side of the annular rotor, and the rotor is enclosed by a stator arranged concentrically on the radially outer side, which also extends annularly around the circumference of the rotor over 360°.
  • the active part of the electrically driven propeller, formed by the stator, is thus mounted completely underwater, completely encloses the rotor, and simultaneously forms the foundation for absorbing the propulsion forces.
  • the rotor is mounted on the stator in sliding guides, or the radially inwardly projecting ends of the propeller blades are mounted on a centrally located hub, which in turn is supported on the housing. Examples of such Rim Thrusters are in the EP 1 739 007 A1 and the US 3 708 251 A revealed.
  • the US 2012/0093668 A1 discloses a rim thruster having a propeller designed as a rotor and set in rotation by a plurality of stators distributed around the circumference of the rotor.
  • rim thrusters compared to conventional transverse thrusters are the complex installation and maintenance of the underwater electrical active part of the motor, particularly the stator, which can only be performed by docking the vessel equipped with the rim thruster.
  • This problem can be circumvented by installing a relatively complex, large-scale well in the vessel's hull, but such an approach is very costly and requires considerable installation space.
  • DE 10 2006 003 089 B3 describes such a design for a transverse thruster with an annular stator and a rotatably mounted annular rotor.
  • a rim thruster when used as a (main) propulsion system with a nozzle, such as an azimuth drive or a swing-out design, is the comparatively large nozzle cross-section required to accommodate the rotor and stator.
  • Another disadvantage is the high clearance losses of conventional rim thrusters.
  • the US 2003/186601 A1 also discloses the combination of an annular rotor with an annular stator, which completely encloses the annular rotor.
  • a connection box housing the electrical connections is placed on top of the annular stator.
  • the CN 113 815 832 A teaches a partially submerged propeller that does not require a tunnel-shaped housing, as the stator is mounted on a bracket above the annular rotor. The stator is inserted into a groove on the underside of this bracket and sealed with epoxy resin or a sealant.
  • the WO 2010/134850 A2 describes a bearing of a propeller provided with a ring on the radial outside within an annular housing, wherein both the annular housing and the propeller ring mounted therein have equally polarized permanent magnets in order to magnetic contactless bearings. However, no drive power is transferred to the rotor.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a ship propulsion system of the type mentioned above, in particular in the form of a rim thruster, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention proposes the design of a ship propulsion system having the features of patent claim 1.
  • stator extends only over a partial circumferential area of the rotor.
  • the stator can be arranged in a suitable position with respect to the annular rotor such that it can be arranged in a corresponding installation space in the ship's hull, so that it is accessible via the hull and, in particular, can be installed and removed without the ship having to dock.
  • inventive design results in improved design options for the gap between the rotor and stator in order to minimize gap losses.
  • annular rotor with a stator extending only over a partial circumferential area of the rotor is derived from linear drives, in which the usually elongated straight rail of the linear drive is converted into a rotor with an annular extension.
  • the invention provides that the housing has a shaft in the region of its upper side into which the stator can be inserted.
  • stator is arranged in a watertight stator housing that can be inserted into the shaft.
  • the stator is arranged in the upper region of the propeller, for example when viewed in the direction of the propeller rotation axis between a position at approximately 10:00 o'clock and at approximately 2:00 o'clock.
  • stator runs over a ring segment arranged concentrically to the rotor, which is delimited by an angle between approximately 90 and 150°, in particular approximately 120°.
  • the propeller blades and the rotor are rotatably mounted on a centrally arranged hub and the hub is supported on the housing.
  • the propeller blades and the rotor are rotatably mounted on a centrally arranged axle.
  • a hub can also be provided at the radially inner end of the propeller blades, which hub can be mounted fixedly or rotatably on the central axle.
  • the rotor can also be fixedly mounted on the central axle, and the axle itself can be rotatably mounted in the ship's hull.
  • Such an embodiment opens up the possibility of providing the marine propulsion system according to the invention as an integrated variant, e.g., as the main propulsion system of a ship.
  • the centrally arranged shaft which is provided for supporting the rotor and propeller blades, can then be mounted and supported on or in the ship's hull, similar to a conventional shaft line, and can be rotatably mounted if necessary.
  • the generated propeller thrust is introduced into the ship's hull via the shaft. If the housing, which is preferred in this respect, has a nozzle profile, the resulting nozzle thrust can also be introduced into the ship's hull via the housing.
  • stator housing can also be arranged in the shaft in a height-adjustable manner.
  • the rotor can be formed with a plurality of permanent magnets which are arranged at regular intervals along the circumference of the rotor and are optionally coated.
  • the rotor can also be designed as a squirrel-cage rotor.
  • the drive is cooled primarily by the surrounding water.
  • the stator can be additionally cooled by targeted water or air cooling.
  • Targeted water or air cooling offers the advantage over cooling by the surrounding water in that it prevents growth of fouling, which would progressively impair cooling performance.
  • the cooling performance is controllable, and the system can be maintained at an optimal operating temperature.
  • the invention also relates to a ship with a hull and a tunnel running through the hull and a well opening into the tunnel from above, into which a ship propulsion system as described above is inserted, wherein the housing of the The ship's propulsion system forms a section of the tunnel in the area of the well, thus continuing it in line.
  • the well can be designed very simply and space-savingly, as it only needs to accommodate the ship's propulsion system, which can be installed from above, particularly vertically above the hull.
  • stator in the ship's hull is accessible from the top of the well, which considerably simplifies both installation and maintenance, as docking of the ship is no longer necessary.
  • Another possible variant is to integrate the function of the tunnel-shaped housing of the ship's propulsion system directly into the tunnel provided on the ship's side.
  • tunnel-shaped housing of the ship's propulsion system can also form the complete ship-side tunnel.
  • the ship's propulsion system explained above is not installed in a tunnel of the ship's hull or forms such a tunnel, but the ship's propulsion system is attached or arranged in a known manner as a main or auxiliary drive on the hull of the ship below the waterline.
  • the ship's propulsion system is designed with a central axis on which the propeller blades and the rotor are rotatably mounted, if necessary with the interposition of a hub rotatably mounted on the axis, and the axis is rotatably mounted and supported with one of its ends in the ship's hull, as is also known from conventional shaft drives.
  • the ship's propulsion system which is designed in principle similar to the tunnel installation variant, is mounted on the ship's hull so that it can rotate around the vertical axis and can be rotated around this axis in any direction using a steering drive, similar to a rudder propeller.
  • the thruster can also be rotated around this axis in any direction, providing both propulsion and steering for the ship.
  • the ship's propulsion system which can be rigid or pivoted around the vertical axis, is mounted on or in the ship's hull in a retractable and extendable manner, so that it can be retracted and deactivated during long-distance travel, for example, and extended and put into operation during maneuvering, e.g. during a mooring maneuver.
  • Such marine propulsion systems according to the invention which are provided below the waterline on the hull, preferably have a nozzle profile at at least one end of the tunnel-shaped housing, e.g., in the form of a correspondingly shaped ring attached to the end region of the housing. If the marine propulsion system has only one preferred flow direction, such a nozzle profile can be provided only on the outlet side of the housing. If the thrust direction is reversible, both ends of the tunnel-shaped housing are preferably equipped with such a nozzle profile.
  • the nozzle profile can advantageously be designed to be particularly slim, thereby reducing flow losses.
  • FIG. 6 is a highly simplified sectional view of a ship with a hull 3 and a tunnel 30 running through the hull 3 at right angles to the longitudinal axis thereof, which tunnel 30 accommodates a propeller 2 enclosed by a housing 1, with which a water stream in the tunnel 30 can be accelerated to the right or left as shown in the drawing and ejected from the hull 3, allowing the ship to be maneuvered, for example, at right angles to the longitudinal axis.
  • the housing 1 accommodating the propeller 2 is, as will be explained in more detail below, itself tunnel-shaped and forms a section of the tunnel 30 in the area of the well 4, in which it continues the walls of the tunnel 30 flush or aligned.
  • the propeller 2 is constructed in the manner described below and is electrically driven.
  • the entire drive unit is shown in further detail in the Figure 1 visible.
  • the sections of the tunnel 30 leading horizontally out of the well shaft 40 on both sides of the well 4 can be seen, which end in the corresponding hull openings (not shown here).
  • an electric marine propulsion system is inserted into the well shaft 40 in a vertical direction, which has a tunnel-shaped housing 1 which, when installed in the well shaft, continues the sections of the tunnel 30 in the area of the well 4 and is thus tubular with dimensions adapted to the geometry of the tunnel 30.
  • the electrically driven propeller 2 which carries a plurality of propeller blades 21, typically five or seven such propeller blades 21.
  • the radially inner ends of the propeller blades 21 are attached to a horizontally extending hub 23, which is rotatably mounted on a fixed axle by means of rolling bearings in a manner not shown in detail.
  • the hub 23 or its axle is connected to the housing 1 via a support structure with several struts 210 and supported thereon.
  • the bearing is typically oil-lubricated, and seals seal the rolling bearing space.
  • the radially outer ends of the propeller blades 21 are connected to an annular, permanently excited rotor 20 which rotates in the region of the inner surface of the tubular or tunnel-shaped housing 1.
  • a stator 22 is provided in a manner known per se, which stator carries a plurality of windings for forming current-carrying coils as well as their external connections, which are collectively identified in the figures by reference numeral 221.
  • the stator 22 is accommodated in an associated stator housing 220, which is sealed against the ingress of liquid on the tunnel side and is inserted into a housing 1 on the top side of the tunnel-shaped housing 1. is inserted into the attached shaft 10 so that the stator 22 is positioned coaxially and directly adjacent to the annular rotor 20.
  • a height adjustment (not shown in detail), the stator 22 together with the housing 220 can be adjusted in height relative to the annular rotor 20 within the shaft 10, for example in order to precisely adjust the gap between the rotor 20 and the stator 22.
  • stator 22 as can be seen in particular from the Figure 3 As can be seen, only runs in the upper region of the propeller 2 along a partial circumferential region of the rotor 20, in such a way that the stator 22 runs over a ring segment arranged concentrically to the rotor, which is delimited by an angle ⁇ of approximately 120°. Since the rotor 20 rotating below the stator 22 has a plurality of permanent magnets 200 arranged at equal intervals, the rotor 20, together with the propeller blades 21 attached to it, is set in rotation by the stator 22, which is arranged only in a ring segment, and driven with the necessary drive torque, in the manner of a linear drive arranged in a ring shape.
  • the cooling of the electric drive is primarily achieved by the surrounding water. If necessary, the stator 22 can be additionally cooled by water or air cooling, which offers the advantage over cooling by the surrounding water that no growth can occur, which would progressively impair the cooling performance.
  • the cooling capacity of such forced cooling can be easily regulated and the system can be kept at an optimal operating temperature.
  • the tunnel-shaped housing 1 is not inserted as a separate component into a well 4 of the ship (not shown), but the tunnel 30 of the ship simultaneously assumes the function of the housing 1 of the ship's propulsion system and accommodates the rotating rotor 20.
  • the stator 22 with its stator housing 220 is inserted directly into the well 4 formed above the tunnel 30 and is thus also accessible via the hull 3 of the ship in this embodiment.
  • the maintenance and handling of the electric drive of the propeller 2 is significantly simplified by the separation of the stator 22 from the rotor 20 provided according to the invention, which is further promoted by the fact that the entire drive can be carried out without docking the ship via the well 4 accessible from the hull 3 of the ship.
  • FIG. 7 shows a modified ship propulsion system compared to the previously explained embodiments, in which the same parts have been given the same reference symbols as above and will not be explained again separately to avoid repetition.
  • the illustrated marine propulsion system with its tunnel- or tubular-shaped housing 1, is not inserted into a tunnel 30 formed in the ship's hull 3, but is intended for external attachment to a ship's hull (not shown) below the waterline to serve as a propulsion system.
  • the stator 22 is inserted from the interior of the ship's hull 3 via a suitably provided shaft 10 and a communicating opening in the ship's hull 3, without requiring docking.
  • nozzle profiles are provided at both ends of the tunnel-shaped housing, which also serve as water outlets for the water masses accelerated by the propeller 2.
  • These nozzle profiles are each formed by correspondingly shaped rings 100 attached to the ends of the housing 1.
  • the rings 100 also serve to support the struts 210 for holding the hub 23. Due to the bilateral arrangement of the rings 100, a nozzle profile can be used in both thrust directions.
  • the ship’s propulsion system can be Figure 7 can also be attached to the ship's hull 3 so that it can rotate about a vertical axis V and can be pivoted about the axis V by means of a control drive (not shown) in order to be able to rotate the thrust jet as desired about the axis V and to steer the ship accordingly.
  • a retractable and extendable support for the ship’s propulsion system can be provided according to Figure 7 be provided on the ship's hull 3.
  • an axle 5 is provided within the hub 23, which runs along the axis of rotation of the rotor 20 and on which the hub 23 is rigidly mounted or rotatably mounted.
  • the axle 5 is located at one end of the tunnel-shaped Housing 1 protrudes axially, while a ring 100 with a nozzle profile is arranged at the opposite end. This is an asymmetric nozzle with a preferred direction opposite to the protruding axis 5.
  • Such a ship propulsion system can be used as the main propulsion system in the Figure 8c be attached, for example, to the stern of the ship's hull 3 in a schematically illustrated manner, so that the stator 22 can be inserted from the ship's hull 3 via the shaft 10.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Propulsion de navire comprenant un boîtier (1) en forme de tunnel et une hélice (2) propulsée électriquement, disposée dans le boîtier (1) avec un rotor (20) annulaire qui porte sur son côté radialement intérieur une pluralité de pales d'hélice (21) et présente sur son côté radialement extérieur un stator (22) pour la propulsion du rotor (20) qui s'étend seulement au-dessus d'une zone périphérique partielle du rotor (20), caractérisée en ce que le boîtier (1) présente dans la zone de son côté intérieur une gaine (10), dans laquelle le stator (22) peut être inséré.
  2. Propulsion de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le stator (22) est disposé dans la zone supérieure de l'hélice (2).
  3. Propulsion de navire selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le stator (22) s'étend au-dessus d'un segment annulaire disposé concentriquement au rotor (20), segment qui est délimité par un angle (a) entre 90 et 150°.
  4. Propulsion de navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les pales d'hélice (21) et le rotor (20) sont logés de manière rotative sur un moyeu (23) disposé de manière centrale, et le moyeu est en appui contre le boîtier (1).
  5. Propulsion de navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les pales d'hélice (21) et le rotor (20) sont logés de manière rotative sur un axe (5) disposé de manière centrale.
  6. Propulsion de navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le stator (22) est disposé dans un boîtier de stator (220) pouvant être inséré dans la gaine (10) et étanche à l'eau.
  7. Propulsion de navire selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le boîtier de stator (220) est disposé de manière réglable en hauteur dans la gaine (10).
  8. Propulsion de navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le rotor (20) est pourvu d'une pluralité d'aimants permanents (200) le long de sa périphérie ou est formé comme rotor en court-circuit.
  9. Navire avec une coque (3) et un tunnel (30) s'étendant à travers la coque (3) et un puits (4) débouchant par le haut dans le tunnel (30), puits dans lequel une propulsion de navire selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes est insérée, dans lequel le boîtier (1) de la propulsion de navire forme dans la zone du puits (4) une section partielle du tunnel (30), et le stator (22) est accessible dans la coque de navire (3) depuis le côté supérieur du puits (4).
  10. Navire avec une coque (3) et une propulsion de navire disposée au niveau de la coque (3) en dessous d'une ligne de flottaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.
  11. Navire selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (1) en forme de tunnel est formé au niveau d'une ou des deux extrémités avec un anneau (100) présentant un profilé de buse.
  12. Navire selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que la propulsion de navire est fixée de manière rotative à la coque (3) autour d'un axe vertical (V) et/ou est disposée de manière rétractable et déployable au niveau de la coque (3).
EP21205374.8A 2021-01-07 2021-10-28 Système de propulsion de bateau et bateau équipé d'un tel système Active EP4026765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021100135.8A DE102021100135B4 (de) 2021-01-07 2021-01-07 Schiffsantrieb und damit ausgerüstetes Schiff

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4026765A1 EP4026765A1 (fr) 2022-07-13
EP4026765B1 true EP4026765B1 (fr) 2025-06-18

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DE (1) DE102021100135B4 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189616423A (en) * 1896-07-24 1897-07-03 John Formby Improvements in the Screw Propulsion of Vessels.
US4459087A (en) * 1982-06-02 1984-07-10 Aciers Et Outillage Peugeot Fan unit for an internal combustion engine of automobile vehicle

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6908353A (fr) 1968-07-01 1970-01-05
DE3300380A1 (de) 1983-01-07 1984-07-12 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Unterwasserpropellerantrieb
US6388346B1 (en) 1998-10-14 2002-05-14 Air Concepts, Inc. Axial fluid flow inducing device with multiple magnetically driven impellers
US6692319B2 (en) * 2002-03-29 2004-02-17 Alstom Shilling Robotics Thruster for submarine vessels
US6744172B2 (en) 2002-09-18 2004-06-01 Yen Sun Technology Corp. Heat-dissipating fan
NL1029389C2 (nl) 2005-06-30 2007-01-04 Marifin Beheer B V Asloze schroef.
DE102006003089B3 (de) 2006-01-20 2007-10-11 Lothar Bieschewski Querstrahlruder
NO331651B1 (no) * 2009-05-20 2012-02-13 Rolls Royce Marine As Opplagring av propellenhet for et fartøy
US20120093668A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Rim driven thruster having propeller drive modules
CN113815832B (zh) * 2021-09-19 2023-05-02 苏州汉瑞船舶推进系统有限公司 轮缘驱动的半浸式推进器

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189616423A (en) * 1896-07-24 1897-07-03 John Formby Improvements in the Screw Propulsion of Vessels.
US4459087A (en) * 1982-06-02 1984-07-10 Aciers Et Outillage Peugeot Fan unit for an internal combustion engine of automobile vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102021100135B4 (de) 2022-07-14
EP4026765A1 (fr) 2022-07-13
DE102021100135A1 (de) 2022-07-07

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