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EP3833865B1 - Soupape d'injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape d'injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3833865B1
EP3833865B1 EP19768811.2A EP19768811A EP3833865B1 EP 3833865 B1 EP3833865 B1 EP 3833865B1 EP 19768811 A EP19768811 A EP 19768811A EP 3833865 B1 EP3833865 B1 EP 3833865B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
damping element
valve
accordance
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19768811.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3833865A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Pirkl
Razvan-Sorin STINGHE
Martin Seidl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Publication of EP3833865A1 publication Critical patent/EP3833865A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3833865B1 publication Critical patent/EP3833865B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0075—Stop members in valves, e.g. plates or disks limiting the movement of armature, valve or spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M63/0019—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve for a fuel injector.
  • Fuel injectors also called injection nozzles, are an essential component of every internal combustion engine, as they introduce the required amount of combusting fuel into the combustion chamber. For clean combustion, it is extremely important to maintain the rapid opening and closing of the injector throughout its entire service life in order to continuously deliver a precise amount of fuel.
  • a valve is provided to transition the injector from a closed to an open state. This valve separates a high-pressure fuel region from a low-pressure region. When the regions are connected by the valve transitioning to its open position, this leads to a fuel injection process through the injector via a hydraulic-mechanical chain of action.
  • a solenoid valve In a closed state, a A magnetizable part, the armature, is subjected to a preload force by means of a spring element, which presses the armature in the axial direction away from the magnet towards a seat plate which has an opening. By pressing the armature onto the seat plate, the armature closes the opening, thus closing a connection extending through the opening between the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area of the fuel.
  • This is typically achieved by a sealing plate of the armature facing the seat plate closing the opening in the seat plate, so that the high-pressure area is separated from a low-pressure area.
  • the high-pressure area corresponds to the system pressure with which the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber.
  • the area with lower pressure corresponds to the tank pressure or even the ambient pressure.
  • the connection between the high-pressure and low-pressure areas is released via the opening in the seat plate by an axial movement of the armature toward the magnet, allowing fuel to flow from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area.
  • the hydraulic-mechanical chain of action briefly mentioned above at least one fuel inlet from the injector into the combustion chamber is opened, allowing fuel to enter the combustion chamber.
  • the US2014/0367595 A1 shows a valve for controlling a fuel-gas mixture, which has several asymmetrically formed damping elements spaced radially from the central axis of an armature.
  • the EP 1 970 557 A2 discloses a valve for fuel injectors in which a valve element is fixedly connected to an armature, the valve being in an open state when the armature or valve element is in an intermediate position in which the armature is neither completely repelled nor completely attracted by an electromagnet.
  • the WO 2017/158788 discloses a solenoid valve in which, in order to reduce the impact noise of a metal armature, the latter is provided with a thick, rubber-elastic body.
  • the aim of the present invention is to minimize armature bounce when the armature strikes the magnet, so that the associated disadvantages can be mitigated or overcome.
  • the valve of a fuel injector for selectively separating a high-pressure region from a low-pressure region of a fuel comprises an opening in a seat plate, an armature configured to close the opening of the seat plate, a spring element that biases the armature toward a position closing the opening, and an electromagnet for lifting the armature from the position closing the opening into a position releasing the opening.
  • the valve according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises an elastically compressible damping element for limiting an armature stroke when the armature is lifted from the seat plate into the releasing position.
  • This elastically compressible damping element dampens when the magnet is activated and the armature is attracted as a result away from the opening, the movement of the armature is reduced, so that the bouncing between the magnet and the armature is prevented or reduced.
  • the damping element is a soft, elastic damping element.
  • a soft, elastic design of the damping element is particularly well suited to suppressing the oscillating vibration of the armature, which occurs when the damping element impacts with a continuous magnetic attraction force away from the opening.
  • the stiffness of the damping element is smaller than the stiffness of the anchor.
  • the damping element is a damping pin with a substantially cylindrical shape, which preferably has a cross-sectional reduction between its two end faces.
  • One of the two end faces is designed to serve as a stop surface for the armature.
  • the pin is arranged in a recess in the magnet.
  • the cross-sectional reduction can be a groove running around the outer circumference of the pin, which preferably runs completely around the outer circumference.
  • the circumferential groove has an arc shape when viewed in cross-section, which is rounded at the groove transitions.
  • the damping element has a spherical section on its contact surface with the armature in order to minimize a contact surface with the armature.
  • the advantage of this is that the magnetic flux across the contact surface is as low as possible. Furthermore, the spherical contact surface ensures that the contact area between the damping element and the armature is always the same, even if the damping element is misaligned due to tolerances.
  • the poles of the electromagnet and the end face of the damping element contacting the armature lie in a common plane when the damping element is in a relaxed state.
  • the end sections of the poles facing the armature and the end face of the damping element contacting the armature are arranged in a common plane when the armature is in its relaxed state and is not attracted by the magnet.
  • the damping element is designed separately from a housing of a fuel injector.
  • the damping element is mounted and held in position by a press fit.
  • the press fit can be implemented, for example, by providing a recess in the magnet into which the damping element is received.
  • the invention can provide for the preload force of the spring element to be adjustable, preferably via adjusting discs for changing the position of the spring element relative to the damping element and/or the armature. This allows the spring preload force to be precisely adjusted, even in the presence of an undesired deviation of the spring force from the expected spring force value.
  • the end face of the damping element facing away from the armature is designed as a flat seat. It can be provided that the flat seat is arranged in the magnet.
  • the armature has a raised portion on its surface facing the damping element, with which the armature contacts the damping element. Therefore, in the attracted state, i.e., when the magnet is active and the armature is in the release position, a gap can be provided between the pole cores of the magnet and a non-raised end face of the armature. This prevents contact between the armature and the magnet.
  • the anchor can be designed in several parts, so that it comprises an anchor part and a seat part or consists of these parts.
  • the spring element is a spiral spring, which preferably extends spirally around the damping element or winds spirally around the damping element.
  • the damping element is thus partially or completely accommodated in the space defined by the spiral shape of the spring element.
  • the invention provides that the armature only comes into contact with the damping element during the transition from the position closing the opening to the position releasing it.
  • the armature contacts the seat plate with a sealing surface and also the spring element, which exerts a spring force toward the opening.
  • the structure of the valve is rotationally symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical to a rotation axis, which is preferably identical to a rotation axis of the damping element.
  • the invention also relates to a fuel injector with a valve according to one of the variants listed above, in particular a diesel fuel injector.
  • the present invention makes it possible to accelerate the switch-off times of the solenoid valve due to the lower remanence force between the armature and the contact on the damping element. This is because, due to the reduced contact area between the damping element and the armature, a smaller magnetic flux flows through the damping element than would be the case with a larger contact area, as is typically found in the prior art.
  • Figure 1 shows a half sectional view of the valve 1 according to the invention.
  • This opening 2 is closed by an armature 4, which seals the opening 2 with its sealing surface 15 in its closed state.
  • the armature 4 can be lifted from this position when the magnet 6 is activated and thus pulls the armature 4 away from the opening 2.
  • a spiral spring 5 ensures that the armature 4 is pressed with its sealing surface 15 against the opening 2.
  • the magnet 6 has a coil 61 and a coil casing 62, so that a magnetic force can be generated by current flowing through the coil 61.
  • a damping element 7 is arranged in the space delimited by the spiral spring 5, which corresponds to a damping pin in the illustration shown.
  • This damping pin 7 has a first end face 8 that faces the armature 4.
  • the end face 8 is rounded in this case or corresponds to a section of a sphere, so that when the armature 4 impacts the damping element 7, only the smallest possible contact area is created between the armature 4 and the damping element 7.
  • the damping element 7 has a recess 14 in its circumference, which ensures lower rigidity and thus a certain elasticity of the damping element 7.
  • This recess 14 can be rounded, as can be seen from the reference numeral 12.
  • the damping element 7 can be held in the magnet 6 by a press fit.
  • an adjusting disk 11 can be provided to adjust the preload force of the spring element 5, with which the spring can be moved in its position in the axial direction.
  • the armature 4 can have a raised portion 13 with which the armature 4 strikes the contact surface 8 of the damping element 7.
  • An armature guide 16 is provided to guide the armature during a transition from its sealing position to the position that releases the opening 2.
  • a spacer ring 17 shields the armature 4 from the housing 10 of a fuel injector.
  • Reference numeral 9 designates the magnetic poles of the magnet 6.
  • the axis of symmetry 13 shows that the valve 1 is constructed with mirror symmetry and/or rotational symmetry.
  • a magnetizable part guided in the armature guide 16, here the armature 4 is subjected to a force defined by the adjusting disc 11, the preload force, by means of the spring element 5, which closes the armature 4 in the axial direction away from the magnet 6 toward a sealing part of the seat plate 3.
  • the seat plate 3 separates a high-pressure area from a low-pressure area of the fuel.
  • the connection between the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area is released via the opening 2 in the seat plate 3 by an axial movement of the armature 4 in the direction of the magnet 6, so that fuel is discharged from the Fig. 1 high pressure area below into the low pressure area, which is in the Fig. 1 arranged above the seat plate 3.
  • a hydraulic-mechanical chain of action at least one fuel inlet is released from the injector into the combustion chamber and fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber.
  • a voltage source To open the solenoid valve 1, i.e., the transition between a closed and an open state, a voltage source generates current that flows through the windings of the coil 61.
  • the windings of the coil 61 are surrounded by a coil sheath 62, which in turn is surrounded radially inward and outward by a ferromagnetic core 6, which serves to amplify the magnetic field induced by the current in the coil 61.
  • the armature 4 is continuously accelerated by the attractive magnetic force, which increases with decreasing distance, until the armature 4 comes into contact with the damping element 7.
  • the armature 4 then strikes a contact surface 8 of the damping element 7, which is formed by a pin projecting therefrom.
  • the damping pin 7 acts like a very hard spring, but has comparatively low stiffness compared to the armature 4.
  • the stiffness of the damping pin or damping element can be less than 70%, preferably less than 50%, and most preferably less than 30% of the stiffness of the armature 4.
  • the damping pin 7 completely brakes the armature 4, whereby the damping pin 7 is elastically compressed. Apart from the contact between the armature 4 and the pin 7, there is no further mechanical contact between the armature 4 and the magnet 6.
  • the restoring force of the spring 5 and the pin 7 causes the pin 7 to expand in the direction of the opening 2 of the seat plate 3.
  • the pin 7 is deformed to a degree at which the sum of the forces acting on the armature 4 (the attractive magnetic force and the repulsive restoring force by spring 5 and pin deformation) cancel each other out in the force equilibrium.
  • Fig. 3 shows this vibration behavior of the armature based on the armature stroke h in comparison with different elasticities of the damping element 7.
  • a solid line shows a hard elasticity
  • a dashed line shows a soft elasticity of the damping element 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Soupape (1) d'un injecteur de carburant pour séparer sélectivement une zone de haute pression d'une zone de basse pression d'un carburant, comprenant :
    une ouverture (2) dans une plaque de siège (3),
    une armature (4) conçue pour fermer l'ouverture (2) de la plaque de siège (3),
    un élément de ressort (5) qui sollicite l'armature (4) en direction d'une position fermant l'ouverture (2),
    un électroaimant (6) pour soulever l'armature (4) de la position fermant l'ouverture (2) dans une position libérant l'ouverture (2), et
    un élément d'amortissement (7) élastiquement compressible pour limiter une course de l'armature lors du soulèvement de l'armature (4) de la plaque d'assise (3) dans la position de libération,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément d'amortissement (7) présente, sur sa surface de contact avec l'armature (4), une section sphérique (8) afin de minimiser une surface de contact avec l'armature (4), et
    l'armature (4), lors du passage de la position fermant l'ouverture (2) à la position libérant l'ouverture (2), dans laquelle l'armature (4) est complètement freinée par l'élément d'amortissement (7), n'a pas d'autre contact mécanique avec l'électroaimant (6) ou une surface de butée formée par l'électroaimant, à l'exception du contact avec l'élément d'amortissement (7).
  2. Soupape (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'élément d'amortissement (7) est un élément d'amortissement élastique souple (7).
  3. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la rigidité de l'élément d'amortissement (7) est inférieure à la rigidité de l'armature (4).
  4. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément d'amortissement (7) est une broche d'amortissement de forme essentiellement cylindrique, présentant de préférence une réduction de section transversale (12) entre ses deux surfaces frontales.
  5. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les pôles (9) de l'électroaimant (6) et un côté frontal de l'élément d'amortissement (7) en contact avec l'armature (4) se trouvent dans un plan commun dans un état détendu de l'élément d'amortissement (7).
  6. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément d'amortissement (7) est réalisé séparément d'un boîtier (10) d'un injecteur de carburant.
  7. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la force de précontrainte de l'élément de ressort (5) est réglable, de préférence par l'intermédiaire de rondelles de réglage (11) pour modifier la position de l'élément de ressort (5) par rapport à l'élément d'amortissement (7) et/ou à l'armature (4).
  8. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le côté frontal de l'élément d'amortissement (7) détourné de l'armature (4) est réalisé sous forme de siège plat.
  9. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'armature (4) présente une élévation (13) dans sa surface tournée vers l'élément d'amortissement (7), par laquelle l'armature (4) rencontre l'élément d'amortissement (7).
  10. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'armature (4) est réalisée en plusieurs parties et comprend une partie d'armature et une partie de siège ou est constituée de ces parties.
  11. Soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément de ressort (5) est un ressort hélicoïdal qui s'étend en spirale autour de l'élément d'amortissement (7).
  12. Soupape ( 1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la structure de la soupape (1) est symétrique en rotation par rapport à un axe de rotation (13) qui est identique à un axe de rotation de l'élément d'amortissement (7).
  13. Injecteur de carburant avec une soupape (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, notamment injecteur de carburant diesel.
EP19768811.2A 2018-09-12 2019-09-12 Soupape d'injecteur de carburant Active EP3833865B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018122250.5A DE102018122250A1 (de) 2018-09-12 2018-09-12 Ventil eines Kraftstoffinjektors
PCT/EP2019/074420 WO2020053359A1 (fr) 2018-09-12 2019-09-12 Soupape d'injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3833865A1 EP3833865A1 (fr) 2021-06-16
EP3833865B1 true EP3833865B1 (fr) 2025-05-07

Family

ID=67953806

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19768811.2A Active EP3833865B1 (fr) 2018-09-12 2019-09-12 Soupape d'injecteur de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US12146462B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3833865B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN112771269A (fr)
DE (1) DE102018122250A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES3035007T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020053359A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021133281A1 (de) * 2021-12-15 2023-06-15 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh Elektromagnetventil, insbesondere zum Schalten eines Kraftstoffinjektors

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WO2017158788A1 (fr) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 三菱電機株式会社 Électrovanne et procédé de fabrication associé

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020053359A1 (fr) 2020-03-19
EP3833865A1 (fr) 2021-06-16
US20210254590A1 (en) 2021-08-19
DE102018122250A1 (de) 2020-03-12
US12146462B2 (en) 2024-11-19
CN112771269A (zh) 2021-05-07
ES3035007T3 (en) 2025-08-27

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