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EP2118370A1 - Concrete sleeper and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Concrete sleeper and method for producing the same

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Publication number
EP2118370A1
EP2118370A1 EP08700840A EP08700840A EP2118370A1 EP 2118370 A1 EP2118370 A1 EP 2118370A1 EP 08700840 A EP08700840 A EP 08700840A EP 08700840 A EP08700840 A EP 08700840A EP 2118370 A1 EP2118370 A1 EP 2118370A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
sleeper
prestressing steels
concrete sleeper
prestressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08700840A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2118370B1 (en
Inventor
Stephan Freudenstein
Viktor Klein
Franz Geissler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BACHMANN CONSULT GmbH
Rail One GmbH
Original Assignee
Rail One GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Rail One GmbH filed Critical Rail One GmbH
Priority to PL08700840T priority Critical patent/PL2118370T3/en
Publication of EP2118370A1 publication Critical patent/EP2118370A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2118370B1 publication Critical patent/EP2118370B1/en
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Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/32—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement
    • E01B3/34—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement with pre-tensioned armouring or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/043—Wire anchoring or tensioning means for the reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/06—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed for the production of elongated articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a concrete sleeper, comprising the following steps: inserting prestressing steels into a sleeper mold, tensioning the prestressing steels, pouring concrete into the sleeper mold, allowing the concrete to harden and dismantling the concrete sleeper.
  • sleeper molds are used, which are continuously in circulation. After cleaning the sleeper molds they are filled with liquid concrete, then they go through a vibrating station. The curing time of the filled in the emerging forms of liquid concrete can be shortened by heat, for example in a heat chamber. If the concrete has sufficient strength, the sleeper molds are raised and turned over to allow the concrete sleepers to disengage.
  • Conventional concrete sleepers usually have four embedded prestressing steels, which are arranged in two rows and at a lateral distance from each other.
  • sleepers with such a reinforcement are not or only partially suitable for high axle loads.
  • Thresholds with eight prestressing steels, which are simultaneously tensioned and released again, are also known, with the previous methods having more than four tensioning wires then being combined into bundles of at least two prestressing steels and then these bundles being stretched together.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing a concrete sleeper, which is suitable for high axle loads.
  • both ends of a prestressing steel have a thread and one end is anchored in an armature spindle and the other end is tensioned with a clamping spindle and fixed by means of spindle nuts, which are supported on the sleeper shape. To tighten is pulled on the clamping spindles and then screwed the nut on the thread, whereby the required preload is held in the prestressing steel.
  • prestressing steels with a ribbed or profiled surface are used. In such a trained surface results in a solid bond between prestressing steel and the surrounding concrete and thus a good force.
  • the invention relates to a concrete sleeper with a reinforcement of prestressed prestressing steels and possibly limp reinforcement.
  • the concrete sleeper according to the invention is characterized in that it is produced according to the method described and has more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels.
  • Fig. 1A shows a prestressing steel used in the method according to the invention
  • Figure 1 B is a threshold form in a sectional side view with inserted prestressing steels.
  • Fig. 1C is a detail of a front view of the sleeper mold of Fig. 1B;
  • FIG. 1D is a detail of a top view of the threshold form of FIG. 1B; FIG.
  • Fig. 2A is a side view of a concrete sleeper according to the invention
  • Fig. 2B is a plan view of the concrete sleeper of Fig. 2A;
  • FIG. 2C is a front view of the concrete sleeper of Fig. 2A
  • 3A shows a further embodiment of a 3C concrete sleepers according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1A shows a prestressing steel 1 having an anchor bolt 2 at one end for fixing the prestressing steel 1 in a sleeper shape.
  • a clamping bolt 3 At the other end of the prestressing steel 1 is a clamping bolt 3, which has a thread on which a nut 4 is screwed.
  • Fig. 1B shows a threshold form 5 in a partially sectioned side view.
  • the inner contour 6 of the sleeper mold 5 is adapted to the shape of the concrete sleeper to be produced.
  • different types of sleepers are used, or the forms of sleepers can be modified by mold inlays or sheet metal inserts.
  • Fig. 1 D can be made in a single operation in the sleeper mold 5 more adjacent concrete sleepers.
  • the anchor bolt 2 and the clamping bolt 3 are each supported on the end faces of the sleeper mold 5.
  • the tensioning of the prestressing steels 1 takes place by simultaneous pulling of the clamping spindles, which are simultaneously fixed by turning the nuts 4.
  • each concrete sleepers on eight prestressing steels which are arranged in two superimposed rows, each with four prestressing steels 1.
  • the prestressing steels 1 are inserted into the sleeper mold 5. Subsequently, the simultaneous clamping of the Prestressing steel 1, each prestressing steel 1 being tensioned individually. Thereafter, the liquid concrete is poured into the sleeper mold 5 and compacted by shaking. Curing takes place by itself, but it can be accelerated by supplying heat. The finished concrete sleeper can then be removed from the mold.
  • Figs. 2A to 2C, 3A to 3C, 4A and 4B respectively show embodiments of concrete sleepers made according to the described method.
  • the concrete sleepers 7, 8 are constructed symmetrically.
  • To a middle, flat portion 9 on the top of the concrete sleeper 7 is followed by an oblique portion 10 laterally adjacent to a slightly inclined portion 11, the inclination of which is about 1:40 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • This is followed by an inclined section 12, the end portion 13 of the concrete sleeper 7 is flat.
  • the concrete sleeper 7 has eight prestressing steels 1.
  • the concrete sleeper 7 is laterally constricted in its central region.
  • the rail support of the concrete sleeper 7 has a lower width of about 320 to 380 mm.
  • the concrete sleeper 8 shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C has substantially the same structure as the concrete sleeper shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C. Since both concrete sleepers 7, 8 each have eight embedded prestressing steels, they are able to absorb high axle loads.
  • FIG. 4A Another embodiment of a concrete sleeper made by the described method is shown in a sectional view in FIG. 4A.
  • the concrete sleeper 14 has five prestressing steels, four of which are arranged like the corner points of a square and a fifth prestressing steel in the middle.
  • Another embodiment of a concrete sleeper is shown in a sectional view in FIG. 4B.
  • the concrete sleeper 15 also has five prestressing steels, three of which are arranged in the lower row and two in the upper row, with the prestressing steels of the lower and upper rows being offset from each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Method for producing a concrete sleeper, comprising the following steps: inserting pretensioned steel elements into a sleeper mould, simultaneous automated tensioning of the individual pretensioned steel elements, introduction of concrete into the sleeper mould, leaving the concrete to set, removal of the concrete sleeper from the mould, wherein more than four, in particular five to eight, pretensioned steel elements are used for a concrete sleeper and the pretensioned steel elements are tensioned individually but nevertheless simultaneously.

Description

Betonschwelle und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Concrete sleeper and method for its manufacture

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonschwelle, umfassend die folgenden Schritte: Einsetzen von Spannstählen in eine Schwellenform, Spannen der Spannstähle, Einfüllen von Beton in die Schwellenform, Aushärtenlassen des Betons und Entformen der Betonschwelle.The invention relates to a method for producing a concrete sleeper, comprising the following steps: inserting prestressing steels into a sleeper mold, tensioning the prestressing steels, pouring concrete into the sleeper mold, allowing the concrete to harden and dismantling the concrete sleeper.

Für die Herstellung von Spannbetonschwellen werden Schwellenformen verwendet, die sich kontinuierlich im Umlauf befinden. Nach dem Reinigen der Schwellenformen werden sie mit flüssigem Beton gefüllt, anschließend durchlaufen sie eine Rüttelstation. Die Aushärtezeit des in die Schwellenformen eingefüllten flüssigen Betons kann durch Wärmezufuhr, zum Beispiel in einer Wärmekammer, verkürzt werden. Wenn der Beton eine ausreichende Festigkeit aufweist, werden die Schwellenformen angehoben und umgedreht, damit die Betonschwellen entschalt werden können.For the production of prestressed concrete sleepers sleeper molds are used, which are continuously in circulation. After cleaning the sleeper molds they are filled with liquid concrete, then they go through a vibrating station. The curing time of the filled in the emerging forms of liquid concrete can be shortened by heat, for example in a heat chamber. If the concrete has sufficient strength, the sleeper molds are raised and turned over to allow the concrete sleepers to disengage.

Herkömmliche Betonschwellen weisen zumeist vier eingebettete Spannstähle auf, die in zwei Reihen und mit seitlichem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Schwellen mit einer derartigen Bewehrung sind jedoch nicht oder nur bedingt für hohe Achslasten geeignet.Conventional concrete sleepers usually have four embedded prestressing steels, which are arranged in two rows and at a lateral distance from each other. However, sleepers with such a reinforcement are not or only partially suitable for high axle loads.

Diese herkömmlichen Spannbetonschwellen werden im Umlaufverfahren hergestellt. Dabei werden alle vier Spannstähle gleichzeitig automatisch, aber einzeln gespannt und genauso wieder entspannt.These conventional prestressed concrete sleepers are manufactured by circulation. All four prestressing steels are tensioned automatically, but individually at the same time, and then relaxed again as well.

Bekannt sind auch Schwellen mit acht Spannstählen, die gleichzeitig automatisch gespannt und wieder entspannt werden, wobei bei den bisherigen Verfahren mit mehr als vier Spanndrähten diese dann zu Bündeln aus jeweils mindestens zwei Spannstählen zusammengefasst werden und anschließend diese Bündel gemeinsam gespannt werden.Thresholds with eight prestressing steels, which are simultaneously tensioned and released again, are also known, with the previous methods having more than four tensioning wires then being combined into bundles of at least two prestressing steels and then these bundles being stretched together.

Ferner ist auch das Herstellverfahren im „langen Spannbett" bekannt, bei dem praktisch beliebig viele Spannstähle in das Spannbett eingelegt werden können. Dabei werden üblicherweise 12 bis 24 Spanndrähte verwendet, die jeweils nacheinander gespannt und am Ende mit Keilen gehalten werden. Bei diesem Verfahren ist der Aufwand für die erforderlichen langen Formen jedoch groß.Furthermore, the manufacturing process in the "long clamping bed" is known in which virtually any number of prestressing steels can be inserted into the clamping bed. This usually 12 to 24 tension wires are used, which are each tensioned one after the other and held at the end with wedges. In this method, however, the cost of the required long forms is large.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein einfaches und kostengünstiges Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonschwelle anzugeben, die für hohe Achslasten geeignet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing a concrete sleeper, which is suitable for high axle loads.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass für eine Betonschwelle mehr als vier, insbesondere fünf bis acht, Spannstähle verwendet werden, die einzeln aber dennoch gleichzeitig gespannt und genauso wieder entspannt werden. Dieser Spannvorgang erfolgt mittels einer entsprechenden Spannvorrichtung automatisiert, ebenso der Entspannvorgang. Die von der bewehrten Betonschwelle aufzunehmende Achslast wird erfindungsgemäß durch mehr als vier, insbesondere fünf bis acht, Spannstähle aufgenommen. Die Spannstähle können dabei unter Umständen dünner als herkömmliche Spannstähle sein, wodurch sich eine bessere Lastverteilung ergibt. Bei dem herkömmlichen Verfahren wurden maximal vier Spannstähle verwendet, da die üblichen Spannvorrichtungen im Umlaufverfahren das gleichzeitige, automatische Spannen einer größeren Anzahl von Spannstählen nicht zuließen, zudem ergeben sich bei mehr als vier Spannstählen Platzprobleme, die ein automatisches Spannen erschweren.To solve this problem, it is provided according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned that for a concrete sleeper more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels are used, which are individually but simultaneously stretched and relaxed again. This clamping operation is automated by means of a corresponding clamping device, as well as the relaxation process. The axle load to be taken up by the reinforced concrete sleeper is inventively accommodated by more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels. Under certain circumstances, the prestressing steels may be thinner than conventional prestressing steels, resulting in better load distribution. In the conventional method, a maximum of four prestressing steels were used, since the conventional recirculating tensioning devices did not allow the simultaneous, automatic tensioning of a larger number of prestressing steels, moreover there are space problems with more than four prestressing steels, which make automatic tensioning more difficult.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird es bevorzugt, dass beide Enden eines Spannstahls ein Gewinde aufweisen und ein Ende in einer Ankerspindel verankert wird und das andere Ende mit einer Spannspindel gespannt und mittels Spindelmuttern fixiert wird, die sich an der Schwellenform abstützen. Zum Spannen wird an den Spannspindeln gezogen und anschließend die Mutter auf das Gewinde geschraubt, wodurch die benötigte Vorspannung in dem Spannstahl gehalten wird. Es wird besonders bevorzugt, dass Spannstähle mit gerippter oder profilierter Oberfläche verwendet werden. Bei einer derart ausgebildeten Oberfläche ergibt sich ein fester Verbund zwischen Spannstahl und dem umgebenden Beton und damit eine gute Krafteinleitung.In the method according to the invention it is preferred that both ends of a prestressing steel have a thread and one end is anchored in an armature spindle and the other end is tensioned with a clamping spindle and fixed by means of spindle nuts, which are supported on the sleeper shape. To tighten is pulled on the clamping spindles and then screwed the nut on the thread, whereby the required preload is held in the prestressing steel. It is particularly preferred that prestressing steels with a ribbed or profiled surface are used. In such a trained surface results in a solid bond between prestressing steel and the surrounding concrete and thus a good force.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann es vorgesehen sein, dass in einer Schwellenform mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei bis acht, nebeneinander liegende Betonschwellen hergestellt werden. Auf diese Weise kann eine größere Anzahl von Betonschwellen gleichzeitig hergestellt werden. Weitere Verfahrensmerkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.In the context of the invention it can be provided that several, preferably two to eight, adjacent concrete sleepers are produced in a sleeper mold. In this way, a larger number of concrete sleepers can be produced simultaneously. Further process features are described in the subclaims.

Daneben betrifft die Erfindung eine Betonschwelle mit einer Bewehrung aus vorgespannten Spannstählen und gegebenenfalls schlaffer Bewehrung.In addition, the invention relates to a concrete sleeper with a reinforcement of prestressed prestressing steels and possibly limp reinforcement.

Die erfindungsgemäße Betonschwelle ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt ist und mehr als vier, insbesondere fünf bis acht, Spannstähle aufweist.The concrete sleeper according to the invention is characterized in that it is produced according to the method described and has more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren beschrieben. Die Figuren sind schematische Darstellungen und zeigen:Further advantages and details of the invention will be described by means of embodiments with reference to the figures. The figures are schematic representations and show:

Fig. 1A einen Spannstahl, der bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verwendet wird;Fig. 1A shows a prestressing steel used in the method according to the invention;

Fig. 1 B eine Schwellenform in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht mit eingesetzten Spannstählen;Figure 1 B is a threshold form in a sectional side view with inserted prestressing steels.

Fig. 1 C einen Ausschnitt einer Vorderansicht der Schwellenform von Fig. 1 B;Fig. 1C is a detail of a front view of the sleeper mold of Fig. 1B;

Fig. 1 D einen Ausschnitt einer Draufsicht der Schwellenform von Fig. 1 B;FIG. 1D is a detail of a top view of the threshold form of FIG. 1B; FIG.

Fig. 2A eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle; Fig. 2B eine Draufsicht der Betonschwelle von Fig. 2A;Fig. 2A is a side view of a concrete sleeper according to the invention; Fig. 2B is a plan view of the concrete sleeper of Fig. 2A;

Fig. 2C eine Vorderansicht der Betonschwelle von Fig. 2A,2C is a front view of the concrete sleeper of Fig. 2A,

Fig. 3A ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen bis 3C Betonschwelle; und3A shows a further embodiment of a 3C concrete sleepers according to the invention; and

Fig. 4A weitere Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemäßer Betonschwellen. und 4B4A further embodiments of concrete sleepers according to the invention. and 4B

Fig. 1A zeigt einen Spannstahl 1 , der an einem Ende einen Ankerbolzen 2 aufweist, um den Spannstahl 1 in einer Schwellenform zu befestigen. An dem anderen Ende des Spannstahls 1 befindet sich ein Spannbolzen 3, der ein Gewinde aufweist, auf das eine Mutter 4 geschraubt ist.Fig. 1A shows a prestressing steel 1 having an anchor bolt 2 at one end for fixing the prestressing steel 1 in a sleeper shape. At the other end of the prestressing steel 1 is a clamping bolt 3, which has a thread on which a nut 4 is screwed.

Fig. 1 B zeigt eine Schwellenform 5 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Seitenansicht. In der Schwellenform 5 sind mehrere Spannstähle 1 über Ankerbolzen 2 und Spannbolzen 3 befestigt. Die Innenkontur 6 der Schwellenform 5 ist an die Form der herzustellenden Betonschwelle angepasst. Für unterschiedliche Betonschwellen werden unterschiedliche Schwellenformen verwendet oder die Schwellenformen können durch Formeninlays oder Blecheinsätze verändert werden. Wie am besten in Fig. 1 D zu sehen ist, können in der Schwellenform 5 mehrere nebeneinander angeordnete Betonschwellen in einem Arbeitsgang hergestellt werden. Die Ankerbolzen 2 und die Spannbolzen 3 stützen sich jeweils an den Stirnseiten der Schwellenform 5 ab. Das Spannen der Spannstähle 1 erfolgt durch gleichzeitiges Ziehen der Spannspindeln, die durch Drehen der Muttern 4 gleichzeitig fixiert werden. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist jede Betonschwelle acht Spannstähle auf, die in zwei übereinander liegenden Reihen mit je vier Spannstählen 1 angeordnet sind.Fig. 1B shows a threshold form 5 in a partially sectioned side view. In the sleeper mold 5, several prestressing steels 1 are fastened via anchor bolts 2 and clamping bolts 3. The inner contour 6 of the sleeper mold 5 is adapted to the shape of the concrete sleeper to be produced. For different concrete sleepers, different types of sleepers are used, or the forms of sleepers can be modified by mold inlays or sheet metal inserts. As best seen in Fig. 1 D, can be made in a single operation in the sleeper mold 5 more adjacent concrete sleepers. The anchor bolt 2 and the clamping bolt 3 are each supported on the end faces of the sleeper mold 5. The tensioning of the prestressing steels 1 takes place by simultaneous pulling of the clamping spindles, which are simultaneously fixed by turning the nuts 4. In the illustrated embodiment, each concrete sleepers on eight prestressing steels, which are arranged in two superimposed rows, each with four prestressing steels 1.

Bei der Herstellung der Betonschwellen werden zunächst die Spannstähle 1 in die Schwellenform 5 eingesetzt. Anschließend erfolgt das gleichzeitige Spannen der Spannstähle 1 , wobei jeder Spannstahl 1 einzeln gespannt wird. Danach wird der flüssige Beton in die Schwellenform 5 eingefüllt und durch Rütteln verdichtet. Das Aushärten erfolgt von selbst, es kann jedoch durch Wärmezufuhr beschleunigt werden. Die fertige Betonschwelle kann anschließend entformt werden.In the production of concrete sleepers first the prestressing steels 1 are inserted into the sleeper mold 5. Subsequently, the simultaneous clamping of the Prestressing steel 1, each prestressing steel 1 being tensioned individually. Thereafter, the liquid concrete is poured into the sleeper mold 5 and compacted by shaking. Curing takes place by itself, but it can be accelerated by supplying heat. The finished concrete sleeper can then be removed from the mold.

Die Fig. 2A bis 2C, 3A bis 3C, 4A und 4B zeigen jeweils Ausführungsbeispiele von Betonschwellen, die nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt worden sind. Die Betonschwellen 7, 8 sind symmetrisch aufgebaut. An einen mittleren, ebenen Abschnitt 9 auf der Oberseite der Betonschwelle 7 schließt sich seitlich jeweils ein schräger Abschnitt 10 an, an den ein geringfügig geneigter Abschnitt 11 angrenzt, dessen Neigung in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel etwa 1 :40 beträgt. Daran schließt sich ein schräger Abschnitt 12 an, der Endbereich 13 der Betonschwelle 7 ist eben. Die Betonschwelle 7 weist acht Spannstähle 1 auf. Wie am besten in Fig. 2B zu sehen ist, ist die Betonschwelle 7 in ihrem mittleren Bereich seitlich eingeschnürt. Das Schienenauflager der Betonschwelle 7 weist eine untere Breite von etwa 320 bis 380 mm auf.Figs. 2A to 2C, 3A to 3C, 4A and 4B respectively show embodiments of concrete sleepers made according to the described method. The concrete sleepers 7, 8 are constructed symmetrically. To a middle, flat portion 9 on the top of the concrete sleeper 7 is followed by an oblique portion 10 laterally adjacent to a slightly inclined portion 11, the inclination of which is about 1:40 in the illustrated embodiment. This is followed by an inclined section 12, the end portion 13 of the concrete sleeper 7 is flat. The concrete sleeper 7 has eight prestressing steels 1. As best seen in Fig. 2B, the concrete sleeper 7 is laterally constricted in its central region. The rail support of the concrete sleeper 7 has a lower width of about 320 to 380 mm.

Die in dem Fig. 3A bis 3C gezeigte Betonschwelle 8 weist im Wesentlichen denselben Aufbau wie die in den Fig. 2A bis 2C gezeigte Betonschwelle auf. Da beide Betonschwellen 7, 8 jeweils acht eingebettete Spannstähle aufweisen, sind sie in der Lage, hohe Achslasten aufzunehmen.The concrete sleeper 8 shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C has substantially the same structure as the concrete sleeper shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C. Since both concrete sleepers 7, 8 each have eight embedded prestressing steels, they are able to absorb high axle loads.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Betonschwelle, die nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt worden ist, ist in Fig. 4A in einer geschnittenen Ansicht gezeigt. Die Betonschwelle 14 weist fünf Spannstähle auf, von denen vier wie die Eckpunkte eines Quadrats und ein fünfter Spannstahl in der Mitte angeordnet ist. Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Betonschwelle ist in Fig. 4B in einer geschnittenen Ansicht gezeigt. Die Betonschwelle 15 weist ebenfalls fünf Spannstähle auf, von denen drei in der unteren Reihe und zwei in der oberen Reihe angeordnet sind, wobei die Spannstähle der unteren und der oberen Reihe jeweils versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. Another embodiment of a concrete sleeper made by the described method is shown in a sectional view in FIG. 4A. The concrete sleeper 14 has five prestressing steels, four of which are arranged like the corner points of a square and a fifth prestressing steel in the middle. Another embodiment of a concrete sleeper is shown in a sectional view in FIG. 4B. The concrete sleeper 15 also has five prestressing steels, three of which are arranged in the lower row and two in the upper row, with the prestressing steels of the lower and upper rows being offset from each other.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims: 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Betonschwelle, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:A method of producing a concrete sleeper, comprising the following steps: - Einsetzen von Spannstählen in eine Schwellenform,Inserting prestressing steels into a sleeper mold, - gleichzeitiges automatisiertes Spannen der einzelnen Spannstähle,simultaneous automatic clamping of the individual prestressing steels, - Einfüllen von Beton in die Schwellenform,- pouring concrete into the sleeper mold, - Aushärtenlassen des Betons, - Entformen der Betonschwelle, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für eine Betonschwelle mehr als vier, insbesondere fünf bis acht, Spannstähle verwendet werden, wobei die Spannstähle einzeln aber dennoch gleichzeitig gespannt werden.- Allowing the concrete to harden, - Dismantling of the concrete sleeper, characterized in that for a concrete sleeper more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels are used, wherein the prestressing steels are individually but simultaneously stretched simultaneously. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beide Enden eines Spannstahls ein Gewinde aufweisen und ein Ende in einer Ankerspindel verankert wird und das andere Ende mit einer Spannspindel gespannt und mittels Spindelmuttern fixiert wird, die sich an der Schwellenform abstützen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of a prestressing steel have a thread and one end is anchored in an armature spindle and the other end is tensioned with a clamping spindle and fixed by means of spindle nuts, which are supported on the sleeper shape. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Spannstähle mit gerippter Oberfläche verwendet werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prestressing steels are used with ribbed surface. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Spannstähle mit profilierter Oberfläche verwendet werden.4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prestressing steels are used with profiled surface. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Spannstähle mit glatter Oberfläche und Endverankerung verwendet werden.5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prestressing steels are used with a smooth surface and end anchoring. 6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer Schwellenform mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei bis acht nebeneinander angeordnete Betonschwellen hergestellt werden. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a sleeper mold several, preferably two to eight juxtaposed concrete sleepers are produced. 7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Betonschwelle mit acht Spannstählen zwei übereinander angeordnete Reihen mit je vier Spannstählen verwendet werden.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a concrete sleeper with eight prestressing steels two superimposed rows are used, each with four prestressing steels. 8. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannstähle bei einer fünf Spannstähle aufweisenden Betonschwelle wie die Eckpunkte eines Quadrats mit einem Mittelpunkt oder unsymmetrisch angeordnet sind.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prestressing steels in a five prestressing steels concrete sleeper as the vertices of a square with a center or are arranged asymmetrically. 9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Herstellung der Betonschwellen im Umlaufverfahren erfolgt.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the production of concrete sleepers is carried out by circulation. 10. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannstähle vor dem Entformen der Betonschwelle gleichzeitig, für jeden Spannstahl einzeln, entspannt werden.10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prestressing steels before demoulding the concrete sleeper simultaneously, individually for each prestressing steel, relaxed. 11. Betonschwelle, mit einer Bewehrung aus vorgespannten Spannstählen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betonschwelle (7, 8) nach einem Verfahren gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 10 hergestellt ist und mehr als vier, insbesondere fünf bis acht, Spannstähle (1) aufweist.11. concrete sleeper, with a reinforcement of prestressed prestressing steels, characterized in that the concrete sleeper (7, 8) is made by a method according to claims 1 to 10 and more than four, in particular five to eight, prestressing steels (1). 12. Betonschwelle nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannstähle (1) eine gerippte oder profilierte Oberfläche aufweisen.12. concrete sleeper according to claim 11, characterized in that the prestressing steels (1) have a ribbed or profiled surface. 13. Betonschwelle nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Betonschwelle (7, 8) mit acht Spannstählen (1) zwei übereinander angeordnete Reihen mit je vier Spannstählen (1) aufweist. 13. concrete sleeper according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a concrete sleeper (7, 8) with eight prestressing steels (1) has two superimposed rows of four prestressing steels (1). 14. Betonschwelle nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannstähle einer fünf Spannstähle aufweisenden Betonschwelle wie die Eckpunkte eines Quadrats mit einem Mittelpunkt oder unsymmetrisch angeordnet sind.14. concrete sleeper according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the prestressing steels of a five prestressing steels concrete sleeper as the vertices of a square with a center or are arranged asymmetrically. 15. Betonschwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Schienenauflager mit einer unteren Breite von etwa 320 bis 380 mm aufweist.15. concrete sleeper according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a rail support with a lower width of about 320 to 380 mm. 16. Betonschwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Masse von wenigstens 400 kg aufweist. 16. concrete sleeper according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that it has a mass of at least 400 kg.
EP08700840.5A 2007-02-20 2008-01-03 Concrete sleeper and method for producing the same Active EP2118370B1 (en)

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DE102007008704.9A DE102007008704B4 (en) 2007-02-20 2007-02-20 Method for producing a concrete sleeper
PCT/DE2008/000002 WO2008101453A1 (en) 2007-02-20 2008-01-03 Concrete sleeper and method for producing the same

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AR (1) AR064768A1 (en)
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MA (1) MA31247B1 (en)
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IL200493A0 (en) 2010-04-29
EA014846B1 (en) 2011-02-28
AU2008217392B2 (en) 2011-10-13
CA2678770A1 (en) 2008-08-28
AR064768A1 (en) 2009-04-22
ZA200906047B (en) 2010-05-26
ES2445646T3 (en) 2014-03-04
DE102007008704A1 (en) 2008-08-21
US20100181699A1 (en) 2010-07-22
RS53181B (en) 2014-06-30
CN101646824A (en) 2010-02-10
TN2009000346A1 (en) 2010-12-31
MX2009008950A (en) 2009-11-05
DE102007008704B4 (en) 2014-04-17
EP2118370B1 (en) 2013-11-27
JP2010519435A (en) 2010-06-03
CL2007003568A1 (en) 2008-08-22
PL2118370T3 (en) 2014-05-30
AP2009004976A0 (en) 2009-10-31
BRPI0807741A2 (en) 2014-06-03
KR20090115759A (en) 2009-11-05
MA31247B1 (en) 2010-03-01

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