EP1657361B1 - Frog for switches - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a frog for switches, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Centerpieces are subject to considerable stress especially in the area of the frog point and are therefore susceptible to wear. To reduce the susceptibility to wear of frogs, it is from the US 1,461,701A It is known that the frog has a replaceable insert which, when a corresponding state of wear has been detected, can be exchanged. In the known heart of the use in two respects secured to the core body. On the one hand, a plurality of clip-like fastening elements are provided for lateral engagement, which are secured by wedges. The wedges themselves, however, are not further secured. On the other hand, the insert is screwed via a screw with two hammer head screws on the heart piece main body. A disadvantage of the known heart is that initially two different types of fastening systems for mounting the insert are provided on the heart piece main body, which is expensive. The problem is, moreover, that when driving over the insert a kind of rocker effect and thus a lifting of the insert can occur. The disadvantage is that the forces occurring when driving over the insert due to the rocker effect act directly on the screw and also on the wedge joints. This can result in multiple crossing of the heart to loosen the screw and the spline connection and in the worst case even to a breakage of the screw.

From the DE 33 39 442 C1 It is known to provide an insert made of a wear-resistant material such as manganese steel in the most vulnerable area of the heart. Since the insert made of wear-resistant material is usually not weldable to the frog body, it is necessary to provide another type of attachment. From the DE 33 39 442 C1 It is known to shrunk the insert into a corresponding recess in the heart piece main body or to screw the insert with the heart piece main body. From the DE 103 11 113 A1 it is known to clamp the insert via wedge elements. The wedge elements are in turn bolted to the core body.

The object of the present invention is to provide a heart of the type mentioned above in which the insert can be connected in a simple manner to the frog base body and in which the risk of unintentional loosening of the insert is reduced.

To solve the above problem, the claimed in claim 1 solution is provided. In contrast to the prior art, the attachment of the insert is carried out neither by a direct screwing nor by acting on the insert screwed wedge elements. Instead, at least one clip-like fastening element is provided, which engages laterally into the insert and / or into the centerpiece main body and / or engages over the insert and / or engages under the centerpiece main body and is screwed to the frog base body. For engaging the fastener corresponding engagement portions are provided on the side of the insert and the heart piece main body, engage in the corresponding engaging leg of the fastener. This type of attachment ensures that the forces occurring when driving over the insert due to the rocker effect are introduced via the mounting bracket directly into the heart piece main body, without the forces acting on the fastener of the fastener. With appropriate design of the fastener there is no risk of loosening or breakage, as is the case with the screw in the prior art.

In principle, it is possible that the insert is releasably secured only on one side via at least one fastening element, while the insert is then attached to the other side by positive engagement on the heart piece main body. In another alternative according to the invention, the insert is releasably secured on both sides in each case via at least one fastening element.

In order to hold the fastener at the heart and, if necessary, to solve again, it is bolted to the frog body. There are it basically different ways. For example, the screw can have a hammer head screw, which is then inserted into a corresponding slot-shaped receptacle, so that the screw shaft protrudes outward. It is understood that the slot-shaped receptacle is adapted to the hammer head of the screw. Instead, it is also possible that the screw has a transversely guided through the heart piece long screw. The long screw is thus inserted on one side, passed through the heart and then serves to screw the fastener. In this connection with the long screw there are also two application possibilities. On the one hand, a bore can be provided in the heart piece main body. On the other hand, on the one hand and on the underside of the insert, on the other hand, corresponding grooves can be milled in on the upper side of the core piece main body, which, when the insert rests on the core piece main body, result in a passage opening for the long screw.

In order to have the most uniform possible transition from the insert to the core body when passing over, an oblique joint is provided at the transition from the insert to the core body in the direction of travel. As a result of this oblique impact, the edge at the transition from the frog main body to the insert when driving over virtually does not work out. The oblique transition can be realized in two ways. On the one hand, the transition on the insert can be tapered in a V-shape. On the other hand, however, a V-shaped incision on the insert is possible. It is understood that the heart piece main body is formed on the recess provided for use corresponding.

The embodiments described above with the end V-shaped insert have the consequence that the insert must be inserted from above into the corresponding recess on the frog body. The insert therefore sits positively in the horizontal plane in the center piece body. In principle, however, another embodiment is possible. It is provided that the insert is inserted into a trapezoidal outwardly widening recess in the core piece body. The insert is designed accordingly. This embodiment is in the one-sided attachment and has the advantage that the insert pressed to the exchange to the outside and thus can be easily removed.

In order to facilitate the replacement of the insert at all, at least one engagement opening for attaching a tool is provided on the insert and / or on the centerpiece body adjacent to the insert. About the engagement opening of the insert can then be levered out of the recess.

Usually, the insert is located adjacent to the frog point. Since the insert is generally intended to cover only the region of the frog that is most prone to wear, the base of the insert is significantly smaller than the base of the frog body. Alternatively, it is also possible in certain applications, however, that the insert extends over the entire length of the frog body, it being otherwise possible for the insert to rest on the entire top side of the frog body.

Incidentally, the heart piece main body may be formed as a one-piece, in particular milled block or consist of several parts which are firmly connected to each other.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf ein Teil einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Herzstückes;

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittsansicht durch das Herzstück aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Teils eines erfindungsgemäßen Herzstückes;

Fig. 4

eine Querschnittsansicht der Ausführungsform aus Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine dritte Ausführungsform eines Teils eines erfindungsgemäßen Herzstückes;

Fig. 6

eine Querschnittsansicht des Herzstückes aus Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine Draufsicht auf eine vierte Ausführungsform eines Teils eines erfindungsgemäßen Herzstücks;

Fig. 8

eine Querschnittsansicht des Herzstückes aus Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Querschnittsansicht, teilweise weggebrochen;

Fig. 10

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende weitere Querschnittsansicht einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Herzstücks;

Fig. 11

eine der Fig. 9 entsprechende weitere Querschnittsansicht einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Herzstücks;

Fig. 12

eine der Fig. 9 entsprechende weitere Querschnittsansicht einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Herzstücks; und

Fig. 13

eine der Fig. 9 entsprechende Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Herzstücks.

Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1

a plan view of a part of a first embodiment of a heart piece according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a cross-sectional view through the centerpiece Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a plan view of a second embodiment of a part of a heart piece according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

a plan view of a third embodiment of a part of a heart piece according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a cross-sectional view of the centerpiece Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a plan view of a fourth embodiment of a part of a frog according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a cross-sectional view of the centerpiece Fig. 7 ;

Fig. 9

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding cross-sectional view, partially broken away;

Fig. 10

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding further cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the heart piece according to the invention;

Fig. 11

one of the Fig. 9 corresponding further cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heart according to the invention;

Fig. 12

one of the Fig. 9 corresponding further cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heart according to the invention; and

Fig. 13

one of the Fig. 9 corresponding cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heart of the invention.

In the figures, a centerpiece 1 for points is shown in each case. Although it is a double heart, it should be understood that the present invention is applicable to simple frogs as well. Incidentally, heart pieces of the type according to the invention can be used both for grooved rail and for Vignole rail turnouts.

The heart 1 has a heart base body 2 and a replaceable insert 3 made of a wear-resistant material that is placed on the core piece body 2 and can be detachably fastened thereto. For use 3 is at the top of the heart piece main body 2 a the dimensions the insert 3 corresponding recess 4 is provided, in which the insert 3 is arranged substantially free of play. The insert 3 itself consists of non-weldable manganese steel. Not shown are in the rest belonging to the heart 1, welded to the core piece body 2 connecting rails. Incidentally, the insert 3 comprises the region 5 of highest wear following the frog tip 6.

In all embodiments, it is now so that at least on a transversely to the direction of travel R provided side of the core 1 at least one clip-like fastening element 7 is provided for lateral engagement in or on at least one engagement section 8, 9 respectively on the insert 3 and the heart piece main body 2. At the in Fig. 1 to 4 and 7 and 8 In each case, a plurality of clip-like fastening elements 7 are provided on both sides 10, 11 of the frog 1. In the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment, a releasable attachment via a plurality of fasteners 7 is provided only on one side 10. The number of fasteners 7 ultimately depends on the length of the insert 3. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 5 results, on the other side 11 a positive connection between the heart piece body 2 and the insert 3 is provided. For this purpose, the region 12 of the heart piece main body 2 engages over the side surface 13 of the insert 3.

The engagement sections 8, 9 are in each case depressions or recesses on the one hand in the heart piece main body 2 and on the other hand in the insert 3. In the respective recess, engagement legs 14 of the fastening element 7 engage in each case. The engaging legs 14 have approximately a horizontal orientation. The two outer engagement legs 14 are connected to each other via a central connecting leg 15.

Instead of the illustrated embodiment with recesses, it is in principle also possible that the engagement portion is provided on the upper side of the insert 3 and the underside of the heart piece main body 2. In this case, the fastener 7 fully encloses the core body 2 and the insert 3.

To fix the respective fastening elements 7, this is screwed to the heart 1. In the in the Fig. 1 to 9 illustrated embodiments, the screw for a fastener 7 each have a hammer head screw 16, the hammer head is inserted into a corresponding slot-shaped receptacle 17 in the heart piece main body 2. The receptacle 17 is adapted to the shape of the hammer head of the hammer head screw 16.

In the embodiments according to Fig. 1 to 8 In each case, the same fastening elements 7 are provided, which are fastened in each case via hammer head screws 16 to the heart piece main body 2. In this case, the engagement legs 14 and the engagement portions 9, 10 each have corresponding ramps such that the engagement legs 14 are narrowed toward the outer end, while the engagement portions 8, 9 expand outwardly.

Moreover, it is in the in the Fig. 1 to 8 illustrated embodiments so that the slot-shaped receptacle 17 is introduced from above and accordingly accessible from above. In Fig. 9 an embodiment is shown in which the receptacle 17 is aligned parallel to the direction of travel R. This has the advantage that over the length of the insert 3 any number of fasteners 7 can be provided. Otherwise, the in Fig. 9 illustrated fastening element 7 a deviating from the fastening elements 7 described above shape. While in the Fig. 1 to 8 shown fasteners are mirror-symmetrical, this is in the in Fig. 9 embodiment shown not the case. The lower engaging leg 14 is here on the ground, which is not the case with the other embodiments. Moreover, the bevels described above are more pronounced.

In the in the 10 and 11 illustrated embodiment, the screw for either or for two fasteners 7 each have a long screw 18 which is passed transversely to the direction R through the center piece 1. At the in Fig. 10 illustrated embodiment, in which the long screw 18 is used to fasten two fasteners 7, a bore 19 in the heart piece main body 2 for the long screw 18 is provided. At the in Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment are corresponding grooves 20, 21 on the one hand on the top of the heart piece main body 2 and on the other provided on the underside of the insert 3, which form a passage opening for the elongated screw 18 in the inserted state in the recess 4.

At the in Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiments, the transition from the insert 3 to the center piece body 2 in the direction of travel R is designed as an oblique stroke. The oblique joint runs approximately at an angle of 45 ° to the respective groove. At the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the insert 3 is tapered at its two ends V-shaped, while the insert 3 in the in 3 and 4 illustrated embodiment is cut V-shaped at its two ends. The recess 4 is adapted to the shape of the insert 3 such that the insert 3 is arranged without play in the recess 4 and is positively fixed in the rest in the horizontal plane.

At the in Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment, the insert 3 is trapezoidal in the outwardly widening trapezoidal recess 4 is used. This embodiment of the recess 4 of the insert 3 makes it possible to push the insert 3 transversely to the direction of travel R out of the recess 4 and, moreover, to insert it laterally from the side. In contrast, it is only possible in the embodiments described above to insert the insert 3 from above into the recess 4.

Only in the embodiments of the Fig. 1 and 5 3 engagement openings 22 for attaching a tool are shown on the core piece body 2 immediately adjacent to the insert. It is understood that it is also possible in principle to provide the engagement openings 22 on the insert 3 itself.

The embodiment according to the FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from the other embodiments in that the insert 3 extends over the entire heart base body 2, so over the entire surface rests on the entire top of the heart piece main body 2. In the other embodiments, the insert 3 is considerably smaller than the heart piece main body 2.

Incidentally, it is at the heart base body 2 and a one-piece block, which has been produced by erosive treatment. However, it is understood that it is also possible in principle, the core piece body 2 of several block parts or even from rail elements, if necessary in conjunction with other (block) parts can be produced.

In the in the Fig. 12 and 13 illustrated embodiments, the fastening element 7 is screwed in each case via a fastening screw 25 with the heart piece main body 2. At the in Fig. 12 illustrated embodiment, a threaded bore 26 is introduced directly into the heart piece main body, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 13 a threaded bush 27 is provided, which is introduced into the heart piece main body 2.

Moreover, it is in all the illustrated embodiments so that the fasteners are in inspection boxes 23, which are closed on the top side with a lid. It is understood that it is not necessary in operations in the region of the open track body to provide such revision boxes 23.

Claims (13)

1. Frog (1) for switches, comprising a basic frog body (2) and an interchangeable insert (3) which is put onto the basic frog body (2) and can be detachably fastened to the basic frog body (2), wherein at least one clip-like fastening element (7) is provided for acting laterally in or on at least one engagement section (8, 9) in each case on the insert (3) and on the basic frog body (2), and wherein the engagement sections (8, 9) are provided on at least one side of the insert (3) and of the basic frog body (2), characterized in that the fastening element (7) is screwed to the basic frog body (2) on a side of the frog (1) provided transversely to the travel direction R without the insert (3) being screwed directly to the basic frog body (2).
2. Frog according to Claim 1, characterized in that the engagement section (8, 9) is formed by a recess (4) in the side face of the basic frog body (2) or of the insert (3) and/or is provided on the top side of the insert (3) or the underside of the basic frog body (2).
3. Frog according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insert (3) is detachably fastened on both sides in each case via at least one fastening element (7).
4. Frog according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insert (3) is detachably fastened only on one side via at least one fastening element (7), and in that the insert (3) is fastened on the other side to the basic frog body (2) by positive locking.
5. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screwed connection has at least one hammer head bolt (16) which can be inserted into a slot-shaped receptacle (17) in the basic frog body (2).
6. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screwed connection has at least one long screw (18) passed transversely through the frog (1).
7. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hole (19) in the basic frog body (2) or corresponding grooves (20, 21) on the top side of the basic frog body (2) and the underside of the insert (3) are provided for the long screw (18).
8. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bevelled joint is provided at the transition from the insert (3) to the basic frog body (2) in travel direction (R).
9. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition from the insert (3) to the basic frog body (2) tapers in a V shape or is cut in in a V shape in travel direction (R).
10. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (3) is inserted into a recess, widening trapezoidally outwards, in the basic frog body (2).
11. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one engagement opening (22) for applying a tool is provided on the insert (3) and/or adjoining the insert (3) on the basic frog body (2).
12. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insert (3) extends over the entire length of the basic frog body (2), and in that, preferably, the insert (3) rests on the entire top side of the basic frog body (2).
13. Frog according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic frog body (2) is designed as a one-piece block or as a multi-piece component.

Images