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EP0743665B1 - Disjoncteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0743665B1
EP0743665B1 EP96810265A EP96810265A EP0743665B1 EP 0743665 B1 EP0743665 B1 EP 0743665B1 EP 96810265 A EP96810265 A EP 96810265A EP 96810265 A EP96810265 A EP 96810265A EP 0743665 B1 EP0743665 B1 EP 0743665B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
erosion
arc
contact
breaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96810265A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0743665A2 (fr
EP0743665A3 (fr
Inventor
Lutz Dr. Niemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0743665A2 publication Critical patent/EP0743665A2/fr
Publication of EP0743665A3 publication Critical patent/EP0743665A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0743665B1 publication Critical patent/EP0743665B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • a gaseous insulating and extinguishing medium preferably sulfur hexafluoride, filled circuit breakers known that an arcing chamber with a power current path and have a nominal current path.
  • the Power current path has at least one fixed and a moving contact.
  • the arcing chamber can be used as single blown or double blown Chamber be formed.
  • the quenching chamber as self-blown chamber be formed, in which the Arc energy required to extinguish it Blow pressure generated itself, which in a blow volume as long is saved until a promising inflation of the Arc is possible.
  • a particularly quick build-up of pressure in the Blowing volume is reached when the arc through one of the known measures is set in rotation. Both known circuit breakers occurs a comparatively large Contact erosion.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are substantial to see that the arc is in an annular gap burns, so that stretching it out with great certainty is avoided, which has the consequence that the arc energy is limited to controllable values.
  • the volume and also the dimensions of the arcing chamber can thus advantageously be small are kept, so that an advantageous space-saving and inexpensive circuit breaker is created.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first, greatly simplified partial section through a first embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • This circuit breaker has a quenching chamber 1 filled with an insulating medium, for example sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 gas).
  • the quenching chamber 1 has a longitudinal axis 2, around which the quenching chamber contacts are arranged centrally symmetrically.
  • a fixed contact arrangement 3 made of an electrically conductive metal is rigidly connected to a centrally arranged, cylindrical insulating part 4 made of an insulating material.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has proven to be particularly suitable for the production of the guide part 4.
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be adapted to the respective operating requirements of the circuit breaker using fillers.
  • the guide part 4 is made of particularly erosion-resistant PTFE. However, it is possible to produce the guide part 4 from other insulating materials, which can also be filled.
  • the guide part 4 extends to a contact arrangement 5 and is partially enclosed by the extinguishing chamber 1 when the latter is switched on.
  • the fixed contact arrangement 3 is provided with an annular erosion contact 6 which is arranged concentrically with the guide part 4.
  • the side of the erosion contact 6 facing the contact arrangement 5 is provided with a ring-shaped cover 7 made of an erosion-resistant, electrically conductive material, preferably graphite.
  • the contact arrangement 5 has an inner contact basket 8, which an outer erosion contact 9 surrounds concentrically.
  • the inner contact basket 8 is actuated in the axial direction by a drive, not shown.
  • the outer erosion contact 9 is arranged in a fixed manner.
  • the inner contact basket 8 and the erosion contact 9 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner; they always have the same electrical potential.
  • the side of the fixed erosion contact 9 facing the fixed contact arrangement 3 is provided with an annular cover 10 made of an erosion-resistant, electrically conductive material, preferably graphite.
  • the inner contact basket 8 consists of individual contact fingers that run parallel to one another.
  • the contact fingers each have a burn-off-resistant cap 11 made of electrically conductive material at the tip. Tungsten copper is preferably used for this cap 11.
  • the caps 11 rest with their contact surface 11a on a cylindrical contact surface 3a of the fixed contact arrangement 3 and make electrical contact with this contact surface 3a.
  • the contact surface 3a can be reinforced on the side facing the guide part 4 by means of an erosion ring 3b made of erosion-resistant, electrically conductive material.
  • the current path for the through the closed quenching chamber 1 flowing alternating current leads when comparatively small Nominal currents are to be carried by the fixed Contact arrangement 3 into the caps 11, through the contact basket 8 and further through the part of the Contact arrangement 5. If the arcing chamber 1 for comparative large rated currents is designed, is parallel to that described current path one, usually outside and concentrically arranged to this, separate nominal current path intended.
  • the current path described above is from one to one Insulated housing 12 enclosed.
  • the housing 12 As has particularly suitable for the manufacture of the housing 12 proved to be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be made using fillers the respective operating requirements of the circuit breaker be adjusted.
  • the housing 12 can also be made of another electrically insulating plastic are made and then inside with an appropriate lining Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be provided. If comparatively high alternating currents are to be interrupted, so the housing 12 is made of particularly erosion-resistant PTFE manufactured. However, it is possible to make the housing 12 different Insulating materials, which can also be filled, manufacture.
  • the housing 12 has one in the direction of Longitudinal axis 2 pointing paragraph 13, which is in the direction of Longitudinal axis 2 extends. It can also be beneficial to this Paragraph 13 made of a particularly fire-resistant insulating material produce, the paragraph 13 for example by a targeted doping during the manufacture of the housing is made. Paragraph 13 can also, for example, as separate ring made of particularly burn-resistant insulating material are manufactured, which is then poured into the housing 12 becomes. Paragraph 13 extends into the space between the two Burning contacts 6 and 9 into it. The inner surface 14 of the Paragraph 13 is sufficient when the fire chamber 1 is closed comparatively close to the outer surface 8a of the Contact basket 8, but it does not touch them.
  • the Paragraph 13 fills the space between the two erosion contacts 6 and 9 are not completely open between the one flank 13a the paragraph 13 and the cover 7 remains an annular trained space 15 which is formed into an annular Channel 16 merges.
  • the channel 16 opens into a concentric Longitudinal axis 2 arranged, not shown blowing volume on.
  • Between the other edge 13b of paragraph 13 and the Cover 10 remains a ring-shaped Room 17, which in an annular channel 18th transforms.
  • the channel 18 leads down here and opens into one exhaust volume, not shown.
  • the contact basket 8 encloses the guide part 4.
  • FIG 2 shows the arcing chamber 1 shown in FIG a first intermediate position shortly after the beginning of the Turn-off.
  • An arrow 20 indicates the direction of movement of the Contact basket 8 when switching off.
  • the one with the cover 10 provided erosion contact 9 does not move into this Direction.
  • the contact surface 11a of the cap 11 of the contact fingers of the contact basket 8 is already on from the contact surface 3a the erosion ring 3b and then flush on it adjoining surface of the guide part 4 Insulated material slipped with a small arc between the edge of the guide part 4 facing the Abbrandrings 3b and the cap 11 has arisen. This However, the arc burns only briefly on this edge of the Burning rings 3b.
  • the one arc base commutates from the Edge of the erosion ring 3b on the erosion-resistant cover 7 of the Burning contact 6.
  • Arc 21 heats the gas in its environment, i.e. in the room 15, and brings it to a higher pressure level.
  • the pressurized gas then flows like arrows 22 indicate through the channel 16 in the not shown Blow volume from where it is stored.
  • the arc 21 can in this area of the opening movement, the contact surface 11a the cap 11 do not attack, since this contact surface 11a the surface of the guide part 4 rests, whereby it is protected.
  • the current carrying capacity of the contact surface 11a the cap 11 is therefore fully preserved.
  • FIG Off position shows the extinguishing chamber 1 shown in FIG Off position.
  • the contact basket 8 has so far in Direction of arrow 20 moves that the covers 7 of the Contact fingers of the contact basket 8 now within the with the Cover 10 provided fixed erosion contact 9 lie so that the lower base point of the arc 21 from the Cap 11 commutates on the cover 10 of the erosion contact 9 is.
  • the arc 21 now burns between the surface 14 of paragraph 13 and the surface of the guide part 4th formed annular gap 23 between the cover 7 and the Cover 10, so that in this area of the process of Switch-off movement the contact surface 11a of the cap 11 safely against harmful direct effects of the arc 21 is protected.
  • the contact basket 8 is in this position the fixed erosion contact 9 is dielectrically shielded.
  • the annular space 17 is now by the arc 21 also heated up, and the resulting there pressurized gas flows as an arrow 24 indicates through the channel 18 into a not shown exhaust volume below.
  • a particularly favorable combustion behavior results if the Arc 21 rotates.
  • an axial magnetic field acting on the arc 21 necessary.
  • This magnetic field can pass through in a known manner expediently arranged magnetic coils or by appropriate Permanent magnets are generated.
  • 4 is for example, a permanent magnet 27 inside the Guide part 4 arranged concentrically to the annular gap 23, which this magnetic field acting on the arc 21 generated so that the arc 21 in the annular gap 23 around the Longitudinal axis 2 rotates.
  • the arc 21 is extinguished when the arc 21, as shown in Figure 3, between the covers 7 and 10 burns in the annular gap 23.
  • the arc 21 burns in the Usually not stationary, the arc base points change, due to the acting electrodynamic forces, their Position running so that the burn-off of the covers 7 and 10 distributed over their periphery. Now the arc 21 by a magnetic field for rapid rotation in the annular gap 23 brought, so the burn-off of the covers 7 and 10 again.
  • the arc 21 points, depending on the instantaneous value of the alternating current to be switched off, a different one Intensity so that the pressure in room 15 is different. If the arc current in the Area around a current zero crossing, so prevails in Room 15 has a lower gas pressure than in the blowing volume. This Pressure drop between the blowing volume and the room 15 causes a flow of the compressed gas from the Blow volume out through the channel 16 into the room 15 and from there further through the annular gap 23, the room 17 and the channel 18 in the exhaust volume. This gas flow is shown in FIG indicated by a dashed arrow 28. This gas flow cools the arc 21 and brings it in a current zero crossing to go out.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Disjoncteur présentant au moins une chambre d'extinction (1) remplie d'un milieu isolant, conformé de manière cylindrique, qui présente un trajet de courant de puissance disposé dans une enveloppe isolante (12), s'étendant le long d'un axe longitudinal (2), avec une disposition de contact (3) fixe disposée dans le trajet de courant de puissance et une disposition de contact (5) présentant un panier de contact (8) mobile, la disposition de contact (3) fixe et la disposition de contact (5) étant à chaque fois pourvues d'un revêtement (7, 10) fixe résistant à l'usure, avec un volume de soufflage accumulant la pression élevée du milieu isolant, produite lors du processus de déclenchement, caractérisé
    en ce que le panier de contact (8) entoure dans la position d'enclenchement une pièce de guidage (4) conformée de manière électriquement isolée,
    en ce que l'enveloppe (12) isolante présente un épaulement (13) qui dépasse dans la zone entre un premier revêtement (7) résistant à l'usure et un deuxième revêtement (10) résistant à l'usure, et
    en ce que les deux revêtements (7, 10) résistants à l'usure sont disposés concentriquement autour de la zone du panier de contact (8) mobile.
  2. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de guidage (4) et l'enveloppe (12) sont fabriquées en polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE).
  3. Disjoncteur selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on a prévu des moyens qui mettent l'arc (21) en rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal (2).
  4. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens qui mettent l'arc (21) en rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal (2) sont disposés dans la zone de l'épaulement (13).
  5. Disjoncteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que pour des tensions de fonctionnement plus élevées, l'épaulement (13) est conformé de manière prolongée dans le sens axial et en ce que les revêtements (7, 10) résistants à l'usure sont écartés d'une distance plus grande conformément au prolongement de l'épaulement (13).
  6. Disjoncteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on a prévu des deux côtés de l'épaulement (13) à chaque fois un espace (15, 17) conformé en forme d'anneau, dont un espace (15) alimenté en énergie d'arc après la séparation des contacts est raccordé via un canal (16) au volume de soufflage alors qu'un deuxième espace (17) alimenté en énergie d'arc est raccordé via au moins un raccordement au volume d'échappement.
  7. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le canal (16) est conformé sous forme d'un canal annulaire et en ce qu'au moins l'un raccordement vers le volume d'échappement est conformé sous forme d'un canal (18) annulaire.
  8. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone entre la surface de la pièce de guidage (4) et la surface (14) de l'épaulement (13) est conformée en tant que fente annulaire (23) lorsque le panier de contact (8) mobile a quitté cette zone.
  9. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des deux revêtements (7, 10) résistants à l'usure est fabriqué en graphite.
EP96810265A 1995-05-13 1996-04-25 Disjoncteur Expired - Lifetime EP0743665B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19517615A DE19517615A1 (de) 1995-05-13 1995-05-13 Leistungsschalter
DE19517615 1995-05-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0743665A2 EP0743665A2 (fr) 1996-11-20
EP0743665A3 EP0743665A3 (fr) 1998-04-22
EP0743665B1 true EP0743665B1 (fr) 2002-09-18

Family

ID=7761842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810265A Expired - Lifetime EP0743665B1 (fr) 1995-05-13 1996-04-25 Disjoncteur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5844189A (fr)
EP (1) EP0743665B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08321233A (fr)
KR (1) KR100409412B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1076515C (fr)
BR (1) BR9602218A (fr)
CA (1) CA2172352A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19517615A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19830232A1 (de) * 1998-07-07 2000-01-13 Abb Research Ltd Stromkontaktanordnungen eines Stromschalters
US9117608B2 (en) * 2011-01-07 2015-08-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Switchgear
JP6157824B2 (ja) * 2012-09-28 2017-07-05 株式会社東芝 ガス遮断器
JP6289856B2 (ja) 2013-10-16 2018-03-07 株式会社東芝 ガス遮断器
FR3028089B1 (fr) * 2014-10-30 2016-12-30 Alstom Technology Ltd Interrupteur ou disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension, pourvu de contacts fixes ameliores, et procede d'utilisation
CN110088866B (zh) 2016-12-16 2021-11-19 东芝能源系统株式会社 气体绝缘开闭装置
CN111357074B (zh) * 2017-11-10 2021-12-24 株式会社东芝 气体断路器
US11289291B2 (en) * 2018-06-25 2022-03-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
CN110797217B (zh) * 2018-08-02 2022-03-29 平高集团有限公司 一种快速机械开关及其开关断口
CN110137810B (zh) * 2019-05-26 2024-05-17 余姚市宏宇输变电工程有限公司舜能电气分公司 一种开关柜
CN112038967B (zh) * 2020-08-25 2022-04-08 国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司 一种用电设备及其开关设备

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE49131C (de) * D. J. Reisz, M. Berkovits und J. Bichler in Budapest, Waitzner Boulevard 73 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Nickelzinn - Legirung
DE758950C (de) * 1940-02-09 1952-04-17 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Fuer Starkstromschalter bestimmter stift- und huelsenfoermiger Unterbrechungskontakt
BE467248A (fr) * 1940-04-15
CH324323A (de) * 1953-10-15 1957-09-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Kontaktvorrichtung, insbesondere für Hochleistungsschalter
DE1803973U (de) * 1959-04-23 1960-01-14 Siemens Ag Elektrischer schalter.
DE1220927B (de) * 1963-08-23 1966-07-14 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Schalter
DE2208035C3 (de) * 1972-02-17 1979-07-26 Siemens Ag, 000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Kontaktsystem für Druckgasschalter
CH594973A5 (fr) * 1975-05-28 1978-01-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
US4052577A (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-10-04 I-T-E Imperial Corporation Magnetically driven ring arc runner for circuit interrupter
FR2368792A1 (fr) * 1976-10-20 1978-05-19 Cem Comp Electro Mec Appareil electrique de coupure, notamment un disjoncteur, a auto-soufflage de l'arc de coupure par un gaz
CH612293A5 (fr) * 1977-04-29 1979-07-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE3041083A1 (de) * 1978-11-02 1982-06-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer druckgasschalter mit einem rohrfoermigen bauelement aus ferromagnetischem material
DE8029069U1 (de) * 1980-10-30 1988-05-26 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Druckgasschalter
FR2558299B1 (fr) * 1984-01-13 1987-03-20 Alsthom Atlantique Disjoncteur a haute tension a soufflage d'arc
EP0270895A1 (fr) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Interrupteur à gaz comprimé
DE4111932A1 (de) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-15 Asea Brown Boveri Isolierstoffduese und verwendung der isolierduese in einem druckgasschalter
DE4212740C2 (de) * 1992-04-16 1997-02-27 Asea Brown Boveri Hochspannungsschalter
DE4221951A1 (de) * 1992-07-02 1994-01-13 Siemens Ag Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0743665A2 (fr) 1996-11-20
JPH08321233A (ja) 1996-12-03
CA2172352A1 (fr) 1996-11-14
BR9602218A (pt) 1998-04-07
CN1137160A (zh) 1996-12-04
CN1076515C (zh) 2001-12-19
KR100409412B1 (ko) 2004-04-09
DE59609674D1 (de) 2002-10-24
EP0743665A3 (fr) 1998-04-22
DE19517615A1 (de) 1996-11-14
US5844189A (en) 1998-12-01
KR960042804A (ko) 1996-12-21

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