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EP0656521B1 - Charge fumigène à deux composantes - Google Patents

Charge fumigène à deux composantes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0656521B1
EP0656521B1 EP94115843A EP94115843A EP0656521B1 EP 0656521 B1 EP0656521 B1 EP 0656521B1 EP 94115843 A EP94115843 A EP 94115843A EP 94115843 A EP94115843 A EP 94115843A EP 0656521 B1 EP0656521 B1 EP 0656521B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
camouflage
smoke
decoy
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94115843A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0656521A3 (fr
EP0656521A2 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Dr.-Ing. Wardecki
Herwig Dipl.-Ing. Feldmeier (Fh)
Anton Wenger
Carl Dr.-Ing Hug
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG
Buck Neue Technologien GmbH
Original Assignee
SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG
Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG, Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co, Buck Werke GmbH and Co filed Critical SM Schweizerische Munitionsunternehmung AG
Publication of EP0656521A2 publication Critical patent/EP0656521A2/fr
Publication of EP0656521A3 publication Critical patent/EP0656521A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0656521B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656521B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke impact body with a fast-burning, a spontaneous fog-producing deceptive component and a slow-burning, permanent fog-producing camouflage component, which can be closed off from the fog thrower body, with an exhaust charge and with an ignition system for igniting the exhaust charge, the camouflage component and the deceptive component the preamble of claim 1.
  • Nebulization is a frequently used tactical and operational measure, whereby to protect a vehicle there is a need for an infrared-covering fog, which can be achieved with the help of two pyrotechnic components.
  • a deceptive component is implemented abruptly, thereby achieving immediate coverage of the vehicle to be protected by a spontaneous fog, while the implementation of a camouflage component enables a longer-lasting effect by approaching a permanent fog.
  • the deceptive component must be as short as possible and the camouflage component delayed and in close proximity to the Deceptive components come into effect, which can only be achieved with the temporally and spatially precisely coordinated functional sequence of the smoke nozzle.
  • a smoke-throwing body of the type mentioned in which a safety line system enables the camouflage component to lie below the breakdown point of the deceptive component and from there to develop its effect.
  • deceptive and camouflage components remain in contact with the launch site after being fired from a throwing body via a safety line, the length of which corresponds to the desired firing range.
  • a propellant charge is initiated mechanically, so that first the deceptive component and after a well-defined delay time the camouflage component is implemented.
  • the safety line system cannot be used, particularly in the case of small-caliber ammunition, such as 76 or 66 mm, due to lack of space.
  • DE 28 30 119 A1 also discloses a mist-casting body of the type mentioned at the outset, with only a sub-body being ejected here.
  • Both DE 30 35 799 C2 and the Norwegian patent specification R 8000 disclose two-component smoke projectors in which the deceptive component is shot from a launch tube in front of the camouflage component and spatially implemented closer than the camouflage component at the launch site, so that no spontaneous fog collocation occurs and permanent fog takes place. Rather, both publications solve the task of increasing the functional reliability of a smoke nozzle, even when used in damp areas.
  • DE 38 44 300 A1 discloses a one-component mist ejection body which has an elongated tube which, on the one hand, can be inserted into a throwing cup and, on the other hand, from which active mass can be fired.
  • the elongated tube thus forms a secondary throwing cup, the use of which prevents contamination and damage to the actual throwing cup.
  • the elongated tube enables larger amounts of the active masses to be fired with the same range, while the recoil force is reduced due to the internal ballistic properties of the elongated tube.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic smoke throwing body that overcomes the above disadvantages and whose function can be precisely coordinated in terms of time and space, so that a collocation of spontaneous fog and permanent fog takes place. Furthermore, contamination and damage to a throwing body in which the fog throwing body can be used should essentially be avoided.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that an infrared-covering fog can be produced by means of a second-component smoke sausage body in that a deceptive component separates from a camouflage component when it is fired and accelerates relative to it and, in terms of time, comes into effect before it, so that the im have substantially approached the ballistic trajectories of the two components at the target, which run separately from one another, to the extent that a collocation of a spontaneous fog and a permanent fog approaching the same with a delay occurs.
  • the pressure released when an ejection charge is implemented is passed between the camouflage component and the deceptive component in order to cause a delay in the camouflage component and at the same time an acceleration of the deceptive component, which is caused by an additional separating charge between the camouflage component and the deceptive component and / or the addition of resistance coefficients to the Camouflage component and / or the deceptive component can be reinforced.
  • An elongated sleeve forming a secondary throwing cup together with a contact head also enables precise adjustment of the trajectories of the camouflage component and the deceptive component and at the same time serves to protect the actual throwing cup.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of the ammunition principle of a smoke missile 2 according to the invention, which comprises a camouflage component 4 and a deceptive component 6.
  • the housing of the mist throwing body 2 is essentially cup-shaped, is composed of a contact head 10 and a sleeve 20 connected to it and forms a secondary throwing cup, which is in a conventional throwing cup, not shown, such as. B. a "Wegmann cup” is insertable.
  • a "Wegmann cup” is insertable.
  • the sleeve 20 is longer than conventional throwing cups, whereby the secondary throwing cup, when loaded into a primary throwing cup, projects beyond the latter.
  • the ignition system of the mist launcher 2 comprises an exhaust charge 30 in an ignition chamber 40, which is connected via a channel 50 axially crossing the camouflage body 4 to a relief chamber 60 between the camouflage component 4 and the deceptive component 6. Also between the camouflage component 4 and the deceptive component 6 is a separating charge 70 in an ignition chamber 80, the separating charge 70 being connected on the one hand to the relief chamber 60 and on the other hand to a channel 90 which extends axially over at least part of the length of the deceptive component 6.
  • the deceptive component 6 is arranged within a can 100, which is essentially flush with the sleeve 10, so that the mist body 2 is sealed only in Area of the mouth between the can 100 and the sleeve 20, for example, a sealing ring, not shown, is arranged or the fake component 6, for example, is crimped against the seal with a sleeve protrusion.
  • the camouflage component 4 is preferably designed in the form of compacts, which can act as a point mist in succession or simultaneously mist off over the floor.
  • FIG. 2 shows a launching location 200, a ballistic trajectory 206 of the deceptive component 6 and the location 216 of the spontaneous fog arising after the deception component 6 is fired and a ballistic trajectory 204 of the camouflage component 4 as well as the location 214 of the permanent fog that arises after the camouflage component 4 is ignited:
  • the smoke missile 2 is in the first step in a throw cup, not shown, for. B. "Wegmann cup", inserted, two not shown, along the contact head 10 extending, contact rings forming metal strips come into contact with the ignition system of the throwing cup, not shown, and at the contact head 10 opposite end, the sleeve 20 protrudes from the throwing cup.
  • an electrical ignition pulse is next supplied to the metal strips of the mist launcher 2, as a result of which the ejection charge 30 is ignited via an electrical igniter (not shown).
  • the deceptive component 6 thus leaves the sleeve 20 after the ejection charge 30 has been ignited separately from and relatively accelerates towards the camouflage component 4, so that the ballistic trajectory 204 of the camouflage component 4 runs differently from the ballistic trajectory 206 of the deceptive component 6.
  • the difference between the two ballistic tracks 204, 206 is dependent on the aerodynamic design of the components 4, 6, the dimensioning and placement of the ignition chamber 40, the channel 50 and the relief chamber 60 and the separating charge 70. It has proven to be particularly preferred for a 7.6 cm infrared-covering smoke throwing body if the ignition space 40 between the ejection charge 30 and the camouflage component 4 has an axial height of approximately 10 mm, the axially extending channel 50 arranged centrally above the ejection charge 30 has a minimum diameter of 5 mm - 10 mm and the relief space 60 has an axial height of preferably 5 mm.
  • the permanent fog 214 occurs after the ignition of the first igniter charge via the first delay piece.
  • the two delay pieces are dimensioned, with knowledge of the ballistic trajectories 204, 206, in such a way that the deceptive component 6 is ignited in front of the camouflage component 4 and the camouflage component 4 comes to rest under the breakdown point of the deceptive component 6 as well as their effect there, in order to provide a longer-lasting fog from the ground by approaching and thus to allow the spontaneous fog 216 of the permanent fog 214 to collapse.
  • the camouflage component 4 hits the ground, the compacts forming the camouflage charge 4 can be distributed, as a result of which the permanent fog region 214 is enlarged when the latter burns down.
  • the secondary throwing cup which is composed of the contact head 10 and the sleeve 20, has to be removed, which is easily possible and leaves a clean and undamaged throwing cup.
  • the two components or modules of the smoke ejection body according to the invention can each be composed such that, after ignition, they lead to visual or infrared-covering and / or radar-effective fog, any conceivable combination being possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Projectile fumigène avec
    une composante formant leurre (6), brûlant rapidement et produisant un nuage de fumée soudain, et une composante formant camouflage (4), brûlant lentement et produisant un nuage de fumée persistant, qui peuvent être tirées depuis le projectile fumigène ;
    une charge propulsive (30) ; et
    un système d'allumage destiné à allumer la charge propulsive (30), la composante formant camouflage (4) et la composante formant leurre (6), sachant que, après le déclenchement du projectile fumigène, la composante formant leurre (6) entre en action dans l'air avant la composante formant camouflage (4) et qu'une convergence du nuage de fumée soudain (216) et du nuage de fumée persistant (214) a lieu approximativement au niveau de la cible,
       caractérisé en ce que
    entre la composante formant camouflage (4) et la composante formant leurre (6), est agencée une chambre de décharge (60) qui est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un premier canal (50) à une chambre d'allumage (40) contiguë à la charge propulsive (30), sachant que le diamètre de ce premier canal (50) est adapté au volume de la chambre d'allumage (40) et de la chambre de décharge (60) de telle sorte que la pression apparaissant lors de l'allumage de la charge propulsive (30) provoque une séparation de la composante formant leurre (6) de la composante formant camouflage (4) et une accélération de la composante formant leurre (6) par rapport à la composante formant camouflage (4) de telle sorte que les trajectoires balistiques (204, 206) de la composante formant leurre (6) et de la composante formant camouflage (4) sont différentes, la composante formant leurre (6) et la composante formant camouflage (4) se rapprochant l'une de l'autre au niveau de la cible ; et
    le système d'allumage (10, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) comprend un premier moyen de retardement ainsi qu'une première charge de décomposition à allumage destinés à l'allumage de la composante formant camouflage (4) et un second moyen de retardement ainsi qu'une seconde charge de décomposition à allumage destinés à l'allumage de la composante formant leurre (6), sachant que les deux éléments de retardement sont dimensionnés en fonction des trajectoires balistiques (204, 206) de telle sorte que la composante formant leurre (6) est allumée avant la composante formant camouflage (4) et que la composante formant camouflage (4) vient se poser en dessous du point de décomposition de la composante formant leurre (6) de telle sorte que la convergence du nuage de fumée soudain (216) produit au moyen de la composante formant leurre (6) et du nuage de fumée de camouflage (214) produit au moyen de la composante formant camouflage (4) est garantie sans liaison mécanique de la composante formant camouflage (4) avec la composante formant leurre (6).
  2. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, entre la composante formant camouflage (4) et la composante formant leurre (6) est prévue une charge séparatrice (70) qui peut être déclenchée par l'intermédiaire du système d'allumage (10, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) de telle sorte que la composante formant leurre (6) est accélérée par rapport à la composante formant camouflage (4).
  3. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la composante formant camouflage (4) et/ou la composante formant leurre (6) a un coefficient de traînée qui fait que la composante formant leurre (6) vole plus vite après le tir que la composante formant camouflage (4).
  4. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la composante formant camouflage (4) est équipée d'un mécanisme de freinage, tel que des ailes déployables ou analogues.
  5. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une tête de contact (10) et par une douille (20) prolongée et liée à la tête de contact (10), sachant que la tête de contact (10) et la douille (20) peuvent être introduites dans un tube de lancement et forment un tube de lancement secondaire à partir duquel la composante formant leurre (6) et la composante formant camouflage (4) peuvent être tirées après transmission d'une impulsion d'allumage à la tête de contact (10) tandis que la tête de contact (10) et la douille (20) restent dans le tube de lancement.
  6. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la douille (20) se termine à son extrémité opposée à la tête de contact (10) approximativement avec la composante formant leurre (6) et qu'elle entoure ainsi toutes les composantes nécessaires du projectile fumigène (2).
  7. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un second canal (90) est relié à la chambre de décharge (60) et qu'il est agencé au moins en partie dans la zone de la composante formant leurre (6).
  8. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête de contact (10) est reliée à un premier allumeur électrique, tel qu'une amorce ou analogue, pour l'allumage de la charge propulsive (30) par l'intermédiaire d'anneaux de contact ou d'une bobine.
  9. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la munition est construite de façon modulaire, sachant que chaque module est relié au système d'allumage (10, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) et qu'un premier module comporte la composante formant camouflage (4) et un second module la composante formant leurre (6).
  10. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque module, une interface (50), qui est une interface électrique et/ou pyrotechnique, est liée au module suivant.
  11. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une interface électrique conduit au moins à un second allumeur électrique, tel qu'une amorce ou analogue.
  12. Projectile fumigène selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une interface (50) pyrotechnique comporte au moins une ligne pyrotechnique, telle qu'une mèche ou analogue.
  13. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la composante formant leurre (6) est entourée par un étui (100).
  14. Projectile fumigène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la composante formant camouflage (4) est construite sous forme de comprimés qui se dispersent sur le sol lorsque la composante formant camouflage (4) arrivent sur celui-ci.
EP94115843A 1993-11-04 1994-10-07 Charge fumigène à deux composantes Expired - Lifetime EP0656521B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4337680A DE4337680C2 (de) 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Zweikomponenten-Nebelwurfkörper
DE4337680 1993-11-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0656521A2 EP0656521A2 (fr) 1995-06-07
EP0656521A3 EP0656521A3 (fr) 1996-03-06
EP0656521B1 true EP0656521B1 (fr) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=6501810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94115843A Expired - Lifetime EP0656521B1 (fr) 1993-11-04 1994-10-07 Charge fumigène à deux composantes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5551345A (fr)
EP (1) EP0656521B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4337680C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5739461A (en) * 1996-02-08 1998-04-14 Quoin, Inc. Launcher
DE29812623U1 (de) 1998-07-15 1998-12-10 Buck Werke GmbH & Co., 73337 Bad Überkingen Wurfkörper mit kontrollierter Zerlegung und in den Wirkmassenbereich integrierter Ladung
DE19910074B4 (de) * 1999-03-08 2005-02-10 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Abschußvorrichtung für das Verschießen einer Mehrzahl von Wirkkörpern sowie diese verwendende Wurfanlage
US20030056680A1 (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-03-27 Falken, S.A. Device with combustible charge with smoke-generating, tear-generating or signaling effects
FR2840977B1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2004-09-03 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif et munition de protection d'un vehicule ou d'une plate-forme fixe contre une menace
FR2840978B1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2004-09-03 Giat Ind Sa Munition de masquage
DE10308307B4 (de) * 2003-02-26 2007-01-04 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Geschoß sowie Submunition mit Vorspannkörper
DE102008028292B4 (de) 2008-06-13 2021-10-14 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper
ES2392984A1 (es) * 2010-05-10 2012-12-17 Falken, S.A. Artificio de ocultación multiespectral
DE102010026639B4 (de) 2010-07-09 2019-12-12 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Trägervorrichtung für einen modularen Nebelwurfkörper
JP6563773B2 (ja) * 2015-10-20 2019-08-21 株式会社ダイセル 煙幕発生器

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2359758C1 (de) * 1973-11-30 1988-07-28 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke GmbH & Co, 7347 Bad Überkingen Infrarot-Störstrahler
US4860657A (en) * 1978-05-05 1989-08-29 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Projectile
DE2830119C2 (de) * 1978-07-08 1985-09-19 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hans-Jürgen Diederichs KG, 2077 Trittau Nebelladung für Raketen und Geschosse
NO145521C (no) * 1979-09-28 1982-04-14 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Roeykgranat
US4436034A (en) * 1981-05-05 1984-03-13 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Smoke grenade with successive slow and fast burning charges
FR2560371B1 (fr) * 1982-07-27 1989-03-31 France Etat Armement Procede d'occultation des rayonnements visible et infrarouge et munition fumigene mettant en oeuvre ce procede
US4791870A (en) * 1983-04-05 1988-12-20 Haley & Weller Limited Pyrotechnic assembly
NO156224C (no) * 1985-04-30 1987-08-12 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Roekgranat.
US4726295A (en) * 1986-05-16 1988-02-23 Aai Corporation Grenade arrangement for screening cloud
FR2612287B1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1993-09-10 France Etat Armement Projectile fumigene et munition ainsi equipee
DE3841649C2 (de) * 1988-12-10 1999-05-06 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Großkalibriges Trägergeschoß zum Ausbringen von Übungs-Bomblets
DE3844300C2 (de) * 1988-12-30 1998-05-07 Nico Pyrotechnik Wurfsystem für Nebelkerzen, Sprengkörper und dergleichen
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DE4125355C1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-01-28 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co, 7347 Bad Ueberkingen, De
FR2694804B1 (fr) * 1992-08-11 1994-09-16 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Leurre stabilisée et propulsé, émettant dans l'infrarouge.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59402438D1 (de) 1997-05-22
US5551345A (en) 1996-09-03
DE4337680A1 (de) 1995-05-18
EP0656521A3 (fr) 1996-03-06
DE4337680C2 (de) 1995-08-24
EP0656521A2 (fr) 1995-06-07

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