EP0128161A1 - Kraftstoff-einspritzdüse für brennkraftmaschinen. - Google Patents
Kraftstoff-einspritzdüse für brennkraftmaschinen.Info
- Publication number
- EP0128161A1 EP0128161A1 EP83903782A EP83903782A EP0128161A1 EP 0128161 A1 EP0128161 A1 EP 0128161A1 EP 83903782 A EP83903782 A EP 83903782A EP 83903782 A EP83903782 A EP 83903782A EP 0128161 A1 EP0128161 A1 EP 0128161A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- valve needle
- cap
- injection nozzle
- stroke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011470 perforated brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007425 progressive decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim.
- the opening movement of the valve needle is delayed or damped at least over a partial stroke by the fact that the fuel can only flow in a throttled manner into the damping chamber, which increases or decreases, or can escape from this chamber.
- care must be taken that the valve needle can quickly return to its closed position without being impeded by the damping means.
- a known injection nozzle of the generic type DE-A-31 20 060
- this is achieved in that the piston is coupled via a towing connection to the valve needle, which is interrupted during the return stroke of the valve needle and the piston under the influence of its own return spring can return to the starting position.
- the damper tion space is formed by a blind bore in the nozzle holder, in which the piston is slidably mounted with a defined radial clearance.
- the piston is an additional part and its return spring requires additional space in the axial direction of the injection nozzle.
- the drag connection between the valve needle and the piston must have a sufficiently large radial play so that the piston does not jam on the bore wall of the nozzle holder and impairs the valve needle from working properly. Coupling the towing connection is also associated with wear.
- the embodiments according to the main patent .... have the advantage that the cap forming the damping space is centered in the radial direction directly on the piston, so that a sufficient between the cap and the surrounding walls of the nozzle holder large radial play is provided and jamming of the parts can be avoided with certainty.
- the piston can therefore at least be connected in one piece to the support disk serving to engage the closing spring or, if additional damping by mass forces is not desired, preferably also be formed by the valve needle itself or by its end section facing away from the spray opening. In both cases, a special part for the formation of the piston and a drag connection between the valve needle and the piston are saved.
- the cap integrated in the volume of the pressure chamber avoids a displacement of the volume, which affects the flow rate, due to piston action.
- the passage cross section of the throttle channel remains completely or almost completely the same over the entire first partial stroke of the valve needle, which in some applications leads to the throttle channel designed for the lower idling operating point throttling more than desired as the speed increases and the valve needle stroke increases and inhibits the valve needle during its opening movement.
- the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the throttling action has a yielding course already during the first partial stroke of the valve needle, so that the throttling becomes weaker overall with increasing speed of the internal combustion engine and increasing valve needle stroke.
- the intensity of the increase in cross section of the throttle channel up to the highest speed of the internal combustion engine can be matched to the requirements of the respective application by appropriate geometric design of the throttle channel or the part controlling the throttle channel.
- the throttle duct is formed by at least one opening in the jacket wall of the cap, which opening is at least partially formed by the piston in the closed position of the valve needle is covered.
- the piston itself controls the passage cross section of the throttle channel.
- a progressive decrease in the throttling effect can be achieved by arranging the features listed in claims 3 to 6.
- the controlled throttle channel can also be completely closed in the closed position of the valve needle.
- the additional throttle duct with the unchangeable passage cross-section can advantageously be formed by a fine bore in a perforated brick, which is inserted, for example, into the bottom of the cap and is made of synthetic sapphire. Such a bore can be produced using known manufacturing methods with the smallest manufacturing tolerances.
- the use of a perforated stone made of synthetic sapphire can also be recommended in the embodiments of the main patent, in which an additional throttle channel is not provided.
- the controlled throttle channel can also be formed in a perforated brick made of synthetic sapphire, which, for example, also sits in the bottom of the cap and in whose bore a throttle pin molded onto the piston projects.
- the arrangement according to the invention of the throttle connection between the damping space and the flow path of the fuel can advantageously also be combined with the measure that the cap enclosing the damping space receives a forward stroke and a support point on the valve needle or the piston.
- the pre-stroke serves for the rapid injection of the initial quantity and in cooperation with the support for damping the caliper when closing the valve needle.
- the mass of the damping cylinder can be varied to reduce the impact damping properties.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the first exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 2 enlarges the damping means of the injection nozzle according to FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 shows a side view of the damping means in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 shows a representation of the second corresponding to FIG. 3 Embodiment and in Figure 5, the damping means of an injection nozzle according to the third embodiment are shown.
- the injection nozzle according to FIGS. 1 to 3 has a nozzle body 10 which is clamped to a nozzle holder 14 by a union nut 12.
- a sleeve 16 Arranged between the nozzle body 10 and the nozzle holder 1 4 is a sleeve 16 which has an inward shoulder 18 which divides a chamber 20 from a chamber 22 of larger diameter inside the injection nozzle.
- a valve seat 24 is formed and a valve needle 26 is slidably mounted, the sealing cone 27 of which is pressed against the valve seat 24 by a closing spring 28.
- the closing spring 28 is supported on the nozzle body 10 and engages via a flange part 30 on a support disk 32, which in turn is supported on a shoulder 34 of the valve needle 26.
- an inlet bore 36 is formed, which opens into the chamber 20, which is connected to the chamber 22 via an opening 38 surrounded by the shoulder 18. From this, a bore 40 in the nozzle body 10 leads into an annular space 42 which is formed between the central bore wall of the nozzle body 10 and the circumferential circumference of a section 44 of the valve needle 26 which has a reduced diameter and extends directly up to the valve seat 24. Between the flange part 30 and the nozzle body 10 there is a distance h g in the closed position shown, which corresponds to the total stroke of the valve needle 26. The valve needle 26 is displaced outward in the opening direction by the fuel pressure against the closing spring 28 until the flange part 30 strikes the nozzle body 10. When the valve closes, the closing spring 28 returns the valve needle 26 inward to the closed position shown.
- a piston-shaped extension 46 adjoins the shoulder 34 of the valve needle 26, which extends through the opening 38 and projects into the chamber 20.
- the diameter of the piston-shaped extension 46 corresponds to the guide diameter of the valve needle 26.
- a cap 48 is placed on the extension 46, which has a bottom 50, a jacket part 52 and a flange 54.
- a return spring 56 engages on the cap 48, which surrounds the jacket part 52 and presses the flange edge 54 against the shoulder 18 of the sleeve 16.
- transverse slots 58 are provided, through which the fuel can pass from the chamber 20 into the chamber 22.
- a damping space 60 is formed in the cap 48 between the end face of the shoulder 46 and the bottom 50, which is permanently connected to the chamber 20 via a throttle channel 62 in the bottom 50.
- the throttle channel 62 is formed by the central bore of a perforated brick 64, which consists of synthetic sapphire and is firmly glued or pressed into the bottom 50.
- the piston-shaped extension 46 covers the transverse slots 58 in the cap 48 in the axial direction by the path h v , which corresponds to the damped forward stroke of the valve needle 26 described below. Furthermore, the opening 66 is completely covered by the extension 46 in the closed position.
- the injector shown works as follows: At the beginning of the opening stroke of the valve needle 26, the damping chamber 60 is connected to the chamber 20 and the flow path of the fuel only via the throttle channel 62.
- the cap 48 cannot follow the opening movement of the valve needle 26, so that a pressure difference arises between the damping space 60 and the chamber 20, which delays or dampens the movement of the valve needle 26.
- the shoulder 46 begins to open the opening 66, after which a further, initially also throttled connection of the damping chamber 60 to the chamber 20 is created and the damping force is reduced.
- the open cross-section of the opening 66 becomes progressively larger and the damping effect on the valve needle 26 correspondingly smaller.
- the cap 48 is taken upwards via the inflated fuel cushion in the damping chamber 60, the return spring 56 only providing a relatively low resistance to the much stronger closing spring 28.
- the return spring 56 can be dimensioned with regard to rigidity and preload so that the amount of fuel flowing into the damping space 60 from the start of the closing stroke of the valve needle 26 until the beginning of the next opening stroke is either pushed out of the damping space 60 to the initial or e into a certain residual volume.
- the cap 48 either comes back into contact with the shoulder 18 or remains, depending on the speed, an amount away from the shoulder 18, which influences the damping characteristics and their adaptation gives further flexibility.
- the cap 48 is centered on the valve needle 26 and has a sufficiently large radial play with respect to the nozzle holder 14 so that the valve needle 26 can work without jamming.
- the return spring 56 for the cap 48 extends partially over the cap 48, so that in this embodiment the means for partially damping the opening stroke of the valve needle 26 take up little space in the axial direction of the injection nozzle.
- the cap 48 is provided with parallel longitudinal slots 68, 69, the ends of which face the bottom 50 of the cap are offset from one another in the axial direction.
- the longitudinal slots 68, 69 together form the controlled throttle channel; they are controlled one after the other by the piston-shaped extension 46 during the opening stroke of the valve needle 26, which results in the desired cross-sectional profile over the valve needle stroke.
- the longitudinal slots 68, 69 lie in the region of local depressions 70, which are provided on the outside in the casing part 52 of the cap 48.
- the cap 48 is provided with a larger bore 72 in the base 50 instead of openings 66 in the casing part 52, into which a bore 72 is inserted Pin 74 of the piston-shaped projection 46 of the valve needle 26 protrudes.
- the pin 74 is profiled in such a way that an initial section 76 with a larger diameter and an end section 78 with a smaller diameter result.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823246916 DE3246916A1 (de) | 1982-12-18 | 1982-12-18 | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| DE3246916 | 1982-12-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0128161A1 true EP0128161A1 (de) | 1984-12-19 |
| EP0128161B1 EP0128161B1 (de) | 1987-03-25 |
Family
ID=6181041
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83903782A Expired EP0128161B1 (de) | 1982-12-18 | 1983-11-22 | Kraftstoff-einspritzdüse für brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0128161B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS60500268A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE3246916A1 (de) |
| IT (1) | IT1170264B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1984002379A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3515723A1 (de) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| GB8709712D0 (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1987-05-28 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injection nozzle |
| DE59008568D1 (de) * | 1989-01-12 | 1995-04-06 | Bosch Robert | Kraftstoffeinpritzdüse. |
| DE10318255A1 (de) * | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-25 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Einrichtung zum Reduzieren des Nachspritzens eines Einspritzventils |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2451462A1 (de) * | 1974-10-30 | 1976-05-06 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Einspritzventil fuer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen |
| IT1059704B (it) * | 1975-04-19 | 1982-06-21 | Cav Ltd | Unita di ugello di iniezione di combustibile |
| DE3041018C2 (de) * | 1980-10-31 | 1986-03-20 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine luftverdichtende Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine |
| DE3120060A1 (de) * | 1981-05-20 | 1982-12-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| DE3220398A1 (de) * | 1982-01-26 | 1983-07-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
-
1982
- 1982-12-18 DE DE19823246916 patent/DE3246916A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1983
- 1983-11-22 EP EP83903782A patent/EP0128161B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-11-22 DE DE8383903782T patent/DE3370514D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-11-22 JP JP58503819A patent/JPS60500268A/ja active Pending
- 1983-11-22 WO PCT/DE1983/000195 patent/WO1984002379A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1983-12-14 IT IT24156/83A patent/IT1170264B/it active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8402379A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0128161B1 (de) | 1987-03-25 |
| IT1170264B (it) | 1987-06-03 |
| WO1984002379A1 (fr) | 1984-06-21 |
| DE3246916A1 (de) | 1984-06-20 |
| JPS60500268A (ja) | 1985-02-28 |
| DE3370514D1 (en) | 1987-04-30 |
| IT8324156A0 (it) | 1983-12-14 |
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Legal Events
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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