DE3322991A1 - System of exhaust gas heat utilisation of heating boilers fuelled with gas and oil, and reduction of the pollutant effect of environmentally harmful substances - Google Patents

Abstract

In this system, the hot exhaust gases are not passed out into the atmosphere via the chimney, but are conducted by a compressor X or a suction fan 15 via heat exchangers 8-11 which deliver the absorbed heat, even below the dew point to the heating system. The resulting acid condensate phase is collected via a condensate pump 12 in the container 13. The remaining exhaust gases with the residual heat can be fed to a heat pump and then cooled in a Freon cooler to minus x DEG C-65 DEG C, to achieve a total condensation. <IMAGE>

Description

Exhaust gas system - heat recovery from gas and oil-fired boilers and Emission Reduction of Environmentally Harmful Substances The invention relates to a system the best possible heat recovery from flue gases from gas and oil-fired boilers, whereby from the latter systems at the same time a reduction of nitrogen oxides SO2 and other polluting pollutants takes place, - by deliberately brought about undershoot the dew point and the resulting condensation.

This enables the high concentration of pollutants primarily SO2 and to reduce other nitrogen oxides directly at the polluter and thus to a large extent to make a decisive contribution to environmental protection. Procedures are known where as Nachschelatheizflache in the flue gas path after the boiler and before Entrance to the chimney heat exchangers are used, which the exhaust gas warem partly natzen should. However, noteworthy profitability cannot be achieved be avoided, de a lowering of the exhaust gas temperature anter the @ioigsbereticn must be to counter Schronsteinversottungen @@@ crose D @@@@. With dents bexennter Moglicnkelten - @@@@@@@@ @@@@@@@@ @@@@ dispose of phare 1. @@@@ turz @@@@@@@@@@@@@@ by S @@@@@@@@ te @@@@ teraruck 2. Sajug draft fans 3. berd @@@@@@@@@@@ happens there; at a minimum exhaust gas temperature of 1600 C for low-temperature systems, 1 der e r 1? but at about 2 4 0 and above. This dissipation of precious heat energy is highly uneconomical and polluting. Beyond that the exhaust gases from oil-fired heating systems are fed into the atmosphere untreated corresponds to the technical standard, but is inadequate because, among other things, the sour ones Precipitation result from it.

The invention aims to provide a remedy here. The invention as it is in is characterized by the claims, solves the task of preventing chimney sooting, to use the exhaust gas temperatures economically and to achieve the greatest possible reduction of S02 and other nitrogen oxides to be achieved by the fact that the exhaust gases of a Boilers after combustion, not as before through chimneys of the atmosphere are fed in uncontrolled with high temperatures and pollutants. - but after the boiler through a series-connected system of heat exchangers and with continuous heat emission cool below the dew point and from the gaseous condense into the liquid state of aggregation. The now aggressive acidic one The condensate phase is fed to a central collecting tank via a condensate pump.

The remaining cold exhaust gases are now largely for the environment harmless. You can also due to the heavier spec.

Weight no longer ascend to higher layers of air in the atmosphere.

The exhaust gases are passed through the heat exchanger by means of a Induced draft fan and is supplemented by a compressor for larger exhaust gas volumes or extended. All parts at risk of corrosion are made of corrosion-resistant Material such as enamelled steel sheet The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the exhaust heat is completely transferred to the heating system and not the outside world. Furthermore, in a heavily discounted one Immi ss ion of SO2 and other nitrogen oxides directly at the polluter and not on Public costs. Because chimneys have lost their original purpose to conduct hot aggressive and wet exhaust gases constantly into the atmosphere with the known ones and as yet unknown consequential damage there is also no sooting more, which can cause enormous economic waste of energy and environmental pollution can be drastically reduced and largely eliminated in the long term Their function is not lost because they can do the job as exhaust ducts colder relatively dry exhaust gases will continue to meet in the future.

In the following the invention is based on an exemplary embodiment shown and explained in more detail In the drawing as a circuit diagram, the boiler is 1 shown as a heat generator and the oil burner as a high-pressure atomizer 2 (Der Burner 2 is correspondingly replaced in the case of gas firing) When operating the inventive In the system, the engine throttle valve 4 to the chimney 3 is closed in the exhaust gas path 6, while the engine throttle valve F 5 is open. These two throttle valves are electr. switched so that when one throttle valve is open, the other is closed and vice versa. When the throttle valve 5 is closed, 4 is open and a conventional one Operation via natural draft possible. When operating the exhaust gas heat recovery and closed The motor throttle valve 4 automatically becomes the induced draft fan 15 and for larger systems the flue gas compressor X is switched on when burner 2 is running. Reach the exhaust first the compressor X are compressed and then the first heat exchanger 8 supplied in which the heating coil 7 is located. In you find the heating water heating takes place.

The cold water reaches the heat exchanger 8 through the return 19 and absorbs the exhaust gas heat. Through the flow 20 of this heating coil 7 is the heated hot water is fed to a distribution station. Reach the exhaust now the heat exchanger 9 in which there is also the heating coil of any Heating circuit - give off the heat to it, which through the return 21 and the flow 22 is fed. In the heat exchanger 10 is through the Kdndlrücklauf 23 the heating jacket of a thermal air heater is heated by the exhaust gases and the warm air is supplied to the consumer through the supply line 24. After the exhaust depending on the design of the heating surface of the individual heat shower depending on the Exhaust gas outlet temperature have fallen below the dew point at approx. 50 - 60 OC, the residual heat can be transferred to a heat exchanger 11 are fed, which through the return 25 and the flow 26 has a low temperature -Floor heating supplied. The remaining exhaust gas heat of 10 - 20 ° C can can now be supplied to a heat pump via channel 18 or via channel 17 in the chimney.

The resulting acidic condensate phase collects on the bottom of the Heat exchanger 8, 9, 10, 11 and is via the condensate line 16 by means of a condensate pump 12 is pumped into the container 13. The container 13 can be emptied via the suction pump 14 will.

The heat exchangers are equipped with large, hermetic cleaning flaps to be able to clean heating coils and walls.

The number, size and order of the heat exchangers can be as required can be designed variably. It is also possible to use ready-made compact systems based on the modular principle to create. - blank page-

Claims (4)

Claims system of a waste gas - heat recovery of gas - and oil-fired boilers and emission reduction of environmentally friendly substances, thereby characterized that S02 and nitrogen oxides containing combustion exhaust gas via a Exhaust gas compressor is compressed, then expanded and via heat exchangers by means of suction fan, where the exhaust gases are released with the release of heat energy cool below the dew point and is drawn off as an acidic condensate phase. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal energy the exhaust gases are fed to heat exchangers even below the dew point range and are full is being used. 3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the residual exhaust gas heat is fed to a heat pump. 4. System according to claim 1-3, characterized in that according to the Heat exchangers the remaining exhaust gases in a 2-stage Freon cooler to - 65 G be cooled, whereby an almost 100% condensation of S02 occurs with only a few ppm water content.