DE29616812U1 - Ventilation window or door - Google Patents

Description

Lawyer's file: 41 628 X

Kömmerling Brothers

Plastics Works GmbH

Zweibrücker Str. 200

66954 Pirmasens

Ventilation window or door

The invention relates to a ventilation window or a ventilation door with a tightly closing sash and frame profile, which has at least one opening on its outside and inside for the purpose of ventilating the room, even when closed. It also relates to a ventilation strip for a window, a door or a wall of a building.

Due to today's largely joint-tight construction, the problem of adequate ventilation of homes arises. When new joint-tight windows and external doors are installed, the airtightness of a building is increased considerably and the air exchange rate is drastically reduced. On the one hand, this measure helps to limit
of ventilation heat losses. On the other hand, the reduced air exchange

the indoor air quality is detrimental and can also cause damage to the building structure, especially in connection with thermal bridges; mold on the walls is visible evidence of this. In apartments with fireplaces that take their combustion air from the room, the air volume flows required for combustion air according to the technical guidelines of gas installers (TRGI) are difficult to achieve.

The easiest way to achieve the air volumes required for hygienic air exchange is to tilt the window or door. Due to the high heat losses associated with ventilation, but also due to drafts and noise nuisance, the solution has been improved by so-called adjustable gap ventilation fittings. Windows with continuously adjustable ventilation elements are also available. Both solutions lead to uncontrolled direct air passage. This usually drastically reduces the sound insulation of these windows or doors. At the same time, the cold outside air enters the living space directly. The result is unpleasant drafts.

The invention has set itself the task of developing a ventilation window or ventilation door that allows a sufficient room air exchange in terms of room air hygiene and combustion air exchange, but minimizes ventilation heat losses and draft nuisances associated with the air exchange and limits the outside air volume flow independently of any meteorological influencing factors. Furthermore, a ventilation element that can be connected to the ventilation window or ventilation door for this purpose is to be created.

This object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. Claim 19 relates to such a ventilation element.

The invention relates to a ventilation window or a ventilation door with a sealed

closing sash and frame profile, which has at least one opening on the outside and inside through which air can flow into or out of the room for the purpose of ventilation.

According to the invention, a ventilation flap for the air flowing through the openings is arranged in or on the sash or frame profile in a flow path, which automatically limits the volume flow. The ventilation flap is itself actuated by the air flowing through the flow path in such a way that it reduces the free flow cross-section as the air volume flow increases, in the limiting case until the closed position is reached, and thus prevents a further increase in the air volume flow, or at least significantly reduces it.

By arranging the ventilation flap in or on the profile of the ventilation window or the ventilation door itself, there is no need to install additional ventilation elements in the masonry. This saves space and costs.

Since the invention can also be used advantageously with ventilation doors, but its main use is with ventilation windows, only ventilation windows are mentioned below as representatives of the ventilation doors.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the openings open into the fold that forms between the sash and frame profile when closed. This cavity is thus used as a flow path for the air flow between the openings on the outside and inside of the ventilation window. The longer the flow path used between the outer and inner openings, the better the air preheating and sound insulation. Preferably, the opening or openings on the outside of the ventilation window are provided in the lower area of the ventilation window and the opening or openings on the inside in the upper area of the ventilation window. The air flowing in from the outside is thus guided upwards and heats up as it rises.

before it exits into the room at the top of the ventilation window. By preheating the air, unpleasant draughts are avoided, or at least they are reduced compared to the known solutions.

The at least one opening on the outside is preferably formed by one or more areas of a stop sealing profile between the sash and the frame profile, while the at least one opening on the inside leads through an overlap in the sash profile into the flow path formed by the fold.

The ventilation flap can advantageously be arranged in the flow path between the sash and the frame profile. In a preferred embodiment, however, the ventilation flap is arranged in the flow cross-section of a ventilation strip attached to the window profile, preferably the sash profile. The ventilation strip is attached in front of at least one opening on the inside of the ventilation window, i.e. this opening opens into the ventilation strip. The ventilation strip can be screwed or glued to the window profile; advantageously, it can also be integrated into the window profile. However, it is also suitable for installation in or in front of a wall.

In the version in which the stop sealing profile is used as an external opening and the internal opening leads through the sash profile overlap, onto which the ventilation strip is then placed, existing windows can also be converted into ventilation windows at a particularly low cost.

A ventilation flap for rooms ventilated freely or with exhaust air systems is known from DD 227 209 Bl. In principle, a ventilation flap arranged in vertical flow channels, as known from DD 255,382 Al, would also be suitable for use in ventilation windows.

The ventilation strip, which is designed according to the invention as an independent component that can be attached to the window profile, has at least one horizontally running flow path section in which the ventilation flap is arranged.

Preferably, the ventilation flap is mounted with its inner edge freely resting on a bearing edge so that it can pivot. In contrast to the air volume flow limiter known from DD 227,209 Bl, a tripping edge is provided for both flow directions in the horizontal flow path for the ventilation flap according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The ventilation flap according to the invention can thus be pivoted into a first closed position for the normal flow case, in which air is led from the outside into the interior of the room, and into a second closed position in the event of a backflow.

The cutting edge bearing preferably slopes down from its bearing tip on its leeward side, as seen in the normal flow case, so that for the normal flow case an extremely low-friction and constant swivel movement of the ventilation flap takes place. The preferably asymmetrical design of the bearing cutting edge ensures that the entire swivel movement of the ventilation flap takes place in the normal flow case without moving the support point.

A flow cross-section of the ventilation strip facing away from the window profile, which serves as an air outlet in normal flow conditions, can preferably be reduced or completely closed using a slider. The slider is attached to the ventilation strip on this side so that it can be easily moved. Such a sliding closure can further increase comfort for the user and also tightly close the outside air outlet.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to figures. They show:

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram of a ventilation window,

Figure 2 a frame and sash profile with attached ventilation strip in the

Cross-section,

Figure 3 the ventilation strip of Figure 2 in detail,

Figure 4 a frame and sash profile with a modified ventilation strip

in cross section,

Figure 5 the ventilation strip of Figure 4 in detail,

Figure 6 the ventilation strip according to Figures 4 and 5 with dimensions,

Figure 7 shows the ventilation strip according to Figures 4 to 6 in longitudinal section,

corresponding cross section AA and in plan view and
Figure 8 Volume flow characteristics for controlled and uncontrolled room ventilation.

The schematic representation in Figure 1 shows the air flow in and through a closed ventilation window. A sash and a frame profile of the ventilation window are designated 1 and 2. On its lower vertical frame outer sides, the ventilation window has air inlet openings 3 on both sides, which are formed by a special stop sealing profile. The openings 3 are designed in such a way that even with a small pressure difference between the interior of the room and the surroundings of a building, air can flow into the fitting rebate between the sash and frame profiles 1 and 2, which serves as the flow path. The area of each of the openings 3 corresponds to the cross-sectional area of the flow path, i.e. the free fitting rebate cross-section.

The air is guided upwards in the rebate and warms up as it rises. The air exits into the room in the upper horizontal part of the window sash profile 1.

The non-closable openings 3 must be large enough to allow the calculated necessary air requirement for each ventilation window with ventilation strip to flow in. The prescribed tightness of the windows (joint permeability coefficient or a-value) for

The relevant stress group is maintained by closing a slide 18.

While providing a high level of protection against driving rain, unpleasant draughts are avoided by the targeted air flow and the associated air preheating. At the same time, this type of air flow limits any loss of sound insulation.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the upper horizontal area of the ventilation window. The ventilation window is closed. The frame profile 2 and the sash profile 1 are sealed against each other in a known manner on the outside by a stop sealing profile 5 and on the inside by an undesignated seal on an overlap 6 of the sash profile 1, which is identical at least in the area shown. An opening 4 is led through the overlap 6, which leaves into the fitting fold between the sash and the frame profile, which serves as a flow path 7. A ventilation strip 10 is attached to the overlap 6 in front of this inner opening 4; in the example it is glued on. A ventilation flap 13 is arranged so that it can pivot in the flow path 7 extended through the inner opening 4 and the ventilation strip 10. The ventilation flap 13 automatically regulates and limits the air volume flow.

Figure 3 shows the ventilation strip 10 in detail. The ventilation strip 10 has a housing with a lower housing part 11 and an upper housing part 12. The two housing parts 11 and 12 are preferably extruded as one piece; however, they can also form the housing of the ventilation strip 10 by joining them together after they have been manufactured separately.

In the flow path of the ventilation strip 10, the air entering the ventilation strip 10 through the inner opening 4 on the sash profile 1 in the normal flow case is initially guided horizontally in two parallel flow sections 8.1 and 8.2 and in this

Fall downstream of the ventilation flap 13, it is diverted by 90°, then flows through a short vertical second flow path section 9 and finally exits vertically upwards into the room through a horizontally arranged cross-sectional opening 17. The advantage of this air flow is that the air warms up further before entering the occupied area, so that draughts are largely avoided.

The ventilation flap 13 is mounted near the inner opening 4 in the wing profile 1 so that it can be freely pivoted about a horizontal axis pointing perpendicular to the direction of air flow. The ventilation flap 13 is formed by an angle profile which, in the exemplary embodiment, has two legs of equal length, i.e. is symmetrical. With its inner edge formed in this way, the ventilation flap 13 rests on at least two bearing edges 14 which protrude in the horizontal flow path section from the wall of the lower housing part 11 which is horizontal in this area. The tips of the bearing edges 14 which serve as supports slope down on their leeward sides, to the right in Figure 3 in the normal flow case. For this normal flow case in which the outside air penetrates into the interior of the room, the pivot axis of the ventilation flap 13 is therefore defined particularly precisely; at the same time, a particularly low-friction bearing is provided. This refines the response of the ventilation flap.

Two projections serving as flow tripping edges 15 and 16 protrude from the tops of the horizontal flow sections 8.1 and 8.2 in the direction of the ventilation flap 13. The flow tripping edges 15 and 16 are each located opposite one of the two ends of the ventilation flap 13 when the ventilation flap 13 is in one of its two closed positions. The projections with the tripping edges 15 and 16 extend closed perpendicular to the air flow over the entire width of the flow path in the ventilation strip 10. The same applies to the ventilation flap 13.

In Figure 3, the ventilation flap 13 is shown in its rest position a and in its two closed positions b and c. In the rest position a, the ventilation flap 13 is held by its own weight. Due to the symmetry of the ventilation flap 13, its two legs each protrude at an angle of preferably 45° from the bearing edge 14. If air now flows through the flow sections 8.1 and 8.2, 9 of the ventilation strip 10 due to a differential pressure between the interior of the room and the environment, in the normal flow case in Figure 3 from left to right, the ventilation flap 13 is moved into its first closed position b towards the flow trip edge 15 which is downstream in this flow case. The pivoting movement of the ventilation flap 13 is limited by the bearing edge 14 which serves as a stop for this. In the normal flow case, the pivoting movement ends in the closed position b, in which the ventilation flap 13 almost completely closes the flow cross-section, such that between the downstream end of the ventilation flap 13 and the flow trip edge 15 and between the upstream end of the ventilation flap 13 and the underside of the flow section 8.1 a narrow gap remains, which is preferably between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

The tripping edge 15 is designed in such a way that the flow cross-section between the downstream end of the ventilation flap 13 and the housing of the ventilation strip 10 does not narrow in the direction of flow. This prevents the flap from being sucked onto the housing wall and the associated fluttering movement.

In the case of backflow, the other flow case, the ventilation flap 13 swings into its second closed position c if a maximum air volume flow specified by the corresponding dimensioning of the ventilation strip 10 is exceeded. In this pivoting movement, the ventilation flap 13 leaves its bearing point by the thickness of the cutting bearing 14. A safe closed position is guaranteed by the ventilation flap 13 resting with its downstream end on the underside of the second flow trip edge 16. Between the upstream end of the

A narrow gap remains between the ventilation flap 13 and the underside of the flow section 8.2, which is preferably also between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

In the normal flow case, the triangle that forms between the support point and the two gaps that form is preferably isosceles. This ensures that the ventilation flap performs its swivel movement evenly and without flow-related hysteresis as the flow through the ventilation strip increases and decreases. In the case of backflow, the swivel movement of the ventilation flap ends in a similar position in which the ventilation flap almost completely closes the flow cross-section, whereby the triangle that forms in this case preferably has a shorter leg in the direction of the then downstream end of the ventilation flap. This deliberately creates a flow-related hysteresis in such a way that when the room air flows out of the room via the ventilation flap, an overpressure builds up in the room compared to the surroundings of the building, which ensures that the building or room ventilation functions even when there are fireplaces that depend on room air.

In the two closed positions b and c, the upstream leg of the ventilation flap 13 is vertical in the flow section 8.1 or 8.2, and the other downstream leg of the ventilation flap 13 is horizontal therein. In the flow path of the ventilation strip 10, at least two narrow bearing edges 14 are provided near the lateral edges of the flow path.

The upstream projection with the tripping edge 16 in the normal flow case runs diagonally downstream from this tripping edge 16, approximately parallel to the upstream leg of the ventilation flap 13 in its rest position a. The second, downstream projection with the flow tripping edge 15 in this flow case, on the other hand, simply projects vertically downwards from the top of the flow path.

The underside of the ventilation flap 13 tapers off to both ends of the flap 13. This allows the gaps remaining in the closed positions b and c to be kept particularly small at the upstream ends; at the same time, turbulence formation in the gap is counteracted.

The thickening of the upper housing part 12 in the area of the projection with the tripping edge 16 serves to stiffen the ventilation strip 10.

The opening 17 of the ventilation strip 10, which is downstream in the normal flow case, can be partially or completely closed by the user using the slider 18. The slider 18 is housed in a guide 19 on the top of the upper housing part 12 so that it can be moved horizontally. Knobs 20 protruding from the top of the slider serve as gripping elements.

Figures 4 and 5 show an alternative design for the ventilation strip 10. In this embodiment, the lower housing part 11 runs slightly upwards at an angle to the horizontal in the area facing the opening 4, i.e. the flow path section 8.1 of the ventilation strip 10 facing this opening 4 narrows slightly in the direction of flow. At the same time, the lower housing part 11 has a material thickening 22 in this area on its inside that delimits the flow path section. The slope and the material thickening 22 both contribute, individually and in combination, to the longitudinal rigidity of the ventilation strip 10. The bearing edge 14 protrudes from this material thickening 22. The top of the material thickening 22 runs horizontally again, so that the ventilation flap 13 can be pivoted perfectly. The ventilation strip 10 according to Figures 4 and 5 otherwise corresponds to the ventilation strip according to Figures 2 and 3.

In both embodiments, the bearing suspension, i.e. the bearing cutting edge 14, serves as a spacer between the lower and upper housing parts 11 and 12.

In the flow path 8.1 and 8.2, 9 formed by the ventilation strip 10, edges, with the exception of tripping edges, are advantageously avoided.

Figure 6 shows the ventilation strip 10 according to Figures 4 and 5 in its particularly preferred dimensions. Reference is made to this figure for these dimensions.

The simple sliding guide 19 of the slide 18 can be seen in the longitudinal section of Figure 7. In the plan view of the ventilation strip 10 below, the cross-sectional opening 17 of the ventilation strip 10, which is downstream in the normal flow case, is open. This cross-sectional opening 17 is formed by a plurality of ventilation slots arranged next to one another. The slide 18 can be moved in the plane of the page over the ventilation slots. Finally, the cross-section A-A shown in the longitudinal section is shown, which corresponds to the cross-sectional representation in Figure 5. Further preferred dimensions of the ventilation strip 10 are shown in the longitudinal section of Figure 7.

With the ventilation window described above with a ventilation flap that automatically limits the air volume flow, in particular with the attached ventilation strip, the air volume flow can be regulated via the ventilation flap in such a way that an increase in the air volume flow only occurs up to a predetermined design value of 8 to 10 Pa. After that, the air volume flow remains essentially constant up to pressure differences of around 100 Pa and more, which only very rarely occur in practice. This corresponds to the desired ventilation properties, as shown by the volume flow characteristic curve in Figure 8 for a ventilation window according to the invention ("with control") in comparison to non-automatically controlled ventilation.

Claims (28)

Lawyer's file: 41 628 X Gebrüder Kömmerling Kunststoffwerke GmbH Zweibrücker Straße 200 66954 Pirmasens Ventilation window or door Protection claims 1. Ventilation window or door with tightly closing sash and frame profile (1, 2) and at least one opening (3, 4) on the outside and inside of the ventilation window or ventilation door for room ventilation, characterized in that a ventilation flap (13) is arranged in or on the sash or frame profile (1, 2) in a flow path for the air flowing through the openings (3, 4), which automatically limits the volume flow of this air. X/We/pb * I If JJIi « &iacgr; ··« 2. Ventilation window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings (3, 4) open into the fold formed between the closed sash and the frame profile (1, 2), which forms a flow path (7) for the air flow between the openings (3, 4). 3. Ventilation window or door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one opening (3) is provided on the outside in the lower area and the at least one opening (4) is provided on the inside in the upper area of the ventilation window or the ventilation door. 4. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one opening (3) on the outside is formed by a stop sealing profile (5) between the sash and the frame profile (1, 2). 5. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one opening (4) on the inside leads through an overlap (6) of the sash profile (1) into a flow path (7) for the air flow formed by the fold between the closed sash and the frame profile (1, 2). 6. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) is arranged in the flow path (7) formed by the fold between the closed sash and the frame profile (1, 2). 7. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) is arranged in the flow cross-section of a ventilation strip (10) attached to the sash profile (1) or the frame profile (2), into which the at least one opening (4) of the window profile (1) &bgr;&bgr;«*·♦ · r · or the frame profile (2). 8. Ventilation window or door according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ventilation strip (13) is attached on the inside of the room to the overlap (6) of the sash profile (1) in front of the at least one opening (4). 9. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) is arranged in a horizontal flow path (7; 8.1, 8.2), that it is angled and mounted so as to be freely pivotable about its inner edge formed thereby, which runs horizontally and is perpendicular to the direction of air flow, and that it is pivoted by its own weight into a rest position (a) and by the air flow against its own weight into at least one closed position (b; c). 10. Ventilation window or door according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in the flow path (7; 8.1, 8.2) a flow tripping edge (15; 16) extending from above to the downstream end of the ventilation flap (13) in the closed position (b; c) runs over the entire width of the flow path (7; 8.1, 8.2). 11. Ventilation window or door according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) can be pivoted into two closed positions (b; c) depending on the direction of air flow and a flow tripping edge (15, 16) is provided for each of these closed positions (b; c). 12. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the flow cross-section present in the closed position (b; c) between the downstream end of the ventilation flap (13) and the upper side of the flow path (7; 8.1, 8.2) does not narrow. 13. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the flow path (8.1) widens in the area above the upstream end of the ventilation flap (13), viewed in the normal flow case, running obliquely upwards relative to the horizontal. 14. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) is rounded at its ends. 15. Ventilation window or door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an air inlet or outlet (17) on the inside of the room can be closed by means of a slide (18). 16. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the ventilation strip (10) has a vertical flow path section (9) adjoining the horizontal flow path section (8.1, 8.2), the outermost horizontal flow cross-section (17) of which serves as an air inlet or outlet (17). 17. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) rests with its inner edge on a bearing edge (14) in a freely pivotable manner, the bearing edge (14) on its leeward side, seen in the normal flow case, sloping downwards from its bearing tip at an angle and on its windward side vertically downwards from the bearing tip. 18. Ventilation window or door according to one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the distance between a support for the ventilation flap (13) and the tripping edge (15) for the normal flow case is greater than the distance between the bearing tip and the tripping edge (16) for the case of backflow. 19. Ventilation strip for installation in or on windows, doors or walls of buildings with a) a housing (11, 12) which forms a flow path (8.1, 8.2, 9) for the air flowing through the ventilation strip (10), b) an angled ventilation flap (13) which is mounted in a horizontal section (8.1, 8.2) of the flow path of the ventilation strip (10) in the assembled state of the ventilation strip (10) so as to be freely pivotable about its horizontally extending inner edge pointing perpendicular to the direction of air flow and can be pivoted by its own weight into a rest position (a) and by the air flow against its own weight into at least one closed position (b; c). 20. Ventilation strip according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in the horizontal section (8.1, 8.2) of the flow path, a flow tripping edge (15; 16) extending from above to the downstream end of the ventilation flap (13) in the closed position (b; c) runs over the entire width of the flow path (8). 21. Ventilation strip according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) can be pivoted into two closed positions (b; c) depending on the direction of air flow and a flow tripping edge (15, 16) is provided for each of these closed positions (b; c). 22. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the flow cross-section present in the closed position (b; c) between the downstream end of the ventilation flap (13) and the top of the flow path (8.1, 8.2) does not narrow. 23. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the flow path (8.1) in the area above the upstream end the ventilation flap (13), seen in the normal flow case, extends diagonally upwards compared to the horizontal. 24. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) is rounded at its ends. 25. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that an air inlet or outlet (17) of the ventilation strip (10) on the inside of the room can be closed by means of a slide (18). 26. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that the ventilation strip (10) in the assembled state has a vertical flow section (9) adjoining the horizontal flow section (8.1, 8.2), the outermost horizontal flow cross section (17) of which serves as an air inlet or outlet (17). 27. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that the ventilation flap (13) rests with its inner edge on a bearing edge (14) in a freely pivotable manner, the bearing edge (14) sloping downwards from its bearing tip at an angle on its leeward side, as seen in the normal flow case, and vertically downwards from the bearing tip on its windward side. 28. Ventilation strip according to one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that the distance between a support for the ventilation flap (13) and the tripping edge (15) for the normal flow case is greater than the distance between the bearing tip and the tripping edge (16) for the case of backflow.