DE29510976U1 - Combined multi-fuel jet pipe - Google Patents

Description

JUDGE, WERFOE^MANN &.'GERBAULET

EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEYS · PATENT ATTORNEYS HAMBURG · BERLIN

DIPL.-ING. JOACHIM RICHTER DIPL.-ING. HANNES GERBAULET DIPL.-ING. FRANZ WERDERMANN

- 1986

NEW WALL IO

2O354 HAMBURG @ (O4O) 34 OO 45/34 OO 56 FAX (O4O) 35 24 15

12.07.1995

KURFÜRSTENDAMM

IO73L9 BERLIN @ (O3O) S S2 74 FAX (O3O) S 82 32 IN SHARING OFFICES WITH MAlNlTZ & PARTNER LAWYERS - NOTARIES

Applicant

Albrecht Broemme
12203 Berlin (DE)

Combined multi-fuel jet pipe

The invention relates to a combined multi-component jet pipe as an extinguishing device.

Multi-component nozzles in a multi-component jet pipe, in which a second medium is used in addition to water, have so far hardly found their way into fire protection technology. If air is used as a second medium in multi-component nozzles, the compressibility of the air is exploited during internal mixing. The air mixed with the water in front of the nozzle takes on the pressure of the water and the air bubbles are strongly compressed. When they exit the nozzle, the bubbles relax and break up the jet. This method achieves very fine atomization with a good throw distance, but there is the disadvantage that for each

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Two hose lines are required for the jet pipe and a compressor is needed to generate the compressed air. It has not yet been possible to transport water together with compressed air over a longer distance, i.e. without separation. However, separation leads to the jet pipe working intermittently and irregularly.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a multi-component jet pipe for generating an aerosol-like water-carbon dioxide mixture, whereby the water pressure at the nozzle remains in the normal pressure range for standardized fire-fighting centrifugal pumps.

This object is achieved with a combined multi-component jet pipe having the features specified in claim 1.

To produce the aerosol-like water-carbon dioxide mixture, water (with additives if necessary) is injected into the gas jet. The water pressure at the nozzle remains within the normal pressure range for standardized fire extinguishing centrifugal pumps.

The relatively strong acceleration of the water droplets by the air or CO ₂ gas jet overcomes their surface tension and creates tiny water droplets floating in the gas jet. Using carbon dioxide as the gas added to the extinguishing water has the additional advantage that the carbon dioxide causes the water droplets to freeze, which further increases the extinguishing effect.

This disperse water droplet-gas mixture is particularly suitable

- for cooling (due to the huge surface area of the water droplets and the turbulent flow conditions),

- to extinguish fires (due to the sudden formation of steam),

- for rapid penetration of burning material with embers (in conjunction with surfactants that are added to the extinguishing water),

- for dividing, displacing and diluting gases, vapours and mists as well as for wetting surfaces (using aerosol),

- for fighting fires involving products under pressure (e.g. gas fires and liquid fires).

This is where homogeneous water mist is used, which could be a replacement extinguishing agent for the Halon extinguishing agents, which are no longer permitted for environmental reasons.

The extinguishing effect is based on the property of the inhibition effect: The extinguishing agent consists of homogeneously distributed water particles embedded in the gas (air or carbon dioxide) in the size range of 30 to 50 micrometers, which are introduced into the reaction zone - between the pre- and luminous zone of the flame.

The following extinguishing effect results: The combustion process is a chain reaction, whereby short-lived radicals, active molecules and atoms occur, which cause chain branching and thus the further

burn. If non-flammable, finely distributed substances with a kinetic energy that corresponds to the course of the fire are introduced into the reaction zone of a flame, i.e. if artificial "walls" are erected, these active molecules and atoms will release energy to the "walls". The energy content of the flame itself

- the internal energy - then becomes so low that it is no longer sufficient to continue the chain reaction by reacting with each other. The chain reaction is terminated and the flame goes out.

The principle of inhibition is that a finely distributed extinguishing agent is introduced into the spatial flame. The kinetic energy of the homogeneously distributed aerosol particles must be so great that the entire source of the fire is covered and the number of extinguishing agent particles per unit volume exceeds a critical amount.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.

Fig.l in a schematic view a multi-component jet pipe and

Fig. 2 shows the multi-fuel jet pipe in a vertical longitudinal section.

The multi-component jet pipe shown in Fig. 1 and designated 10 consists of a main pipe 11 with a shut-off valve 12 and with a nozzle provided at the outlet end for the supplementation of a homogeneous water mist jet.

Nozzle 13. Compressed gas is supplied to the main pipe 11 in the direction of arrow X. A side pipe 15 opens into the main pipe 11, through which extinguishing water - if necessary with additives - is injected radially from the outside in the direction of arrow X1 into the compressed gas jet guided through the middle of the main pipe 11, namely at an angle from one or more sides, whereby in the latter case several side pipes 15, 15' open into the main pipe 11, through which extinguishing water is supplied to the compressed gas jet. These side pipes 15, 15' are arranged radially to the main pipe 11 and are at an angle to it.

This creates a combined multi-component jet pipe for the use of extinguishing water in the form of a water mist as an aerosol, with carbon dioxide preferably being used as the compressed gas for generating the water mist as the second component.

The side pipes 15, 15' for supplying the extinguishing water, which open into the main pipe 11, have the same angular positions in their positions relative to the main pipe, whereby it is also possible to arrange the angled free ends 15a, 15'a of the side pipes 15, 15' in predetermined angular positions relative to the main pipe 11 (Fig. 2). According to a further embodiment, the side pipes 15, 15' opening into the main pipe 11 or their angled free ends 15a, 15'a have different angular positions relative to the main pipe 11, so that the swirling and mixing effect is significantly improved.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the head 110 of the multi-component jet pipe 10 has a nozzle-like mixing chamber 111 with an outlet opening for the gas/extinguishing water mixture that can be changed in size. The

Side pipes 15,15' for supplying the extinguishing water and the main pipe 11 for the compressed gas jet.

The side pipes 15, 15' are guided in the multi-component jet pipe 10 parallel to the main pipe 11 and open with angled pipe ends 15a, 15'a into the main pipe 11 or into the nozzle-like mixing chamber 111 at the outlet end 11a of the main pipe 11.

The number of side pipes 15,15' can be chosen arbitrarily; it will depend on the size of the multi-fuel jet pipe. Preferably, the side pipes 15,15' are arranged radially around the main pipe 11.

To adjust the size of the outlet opening lila of the mixing chamber 111, a screw cap 20 with a central, nozzle-like opening 21 is placed on the free end of the head 110 of the multi-component jet pipe 10, whereby this opening 21 corresponds to the outlet opening lila of the mixing chamber 111. By turning the screw cap 20 forming the nozzle to the left or right, the distance of the opening 21 to the outlet opening lila of the mixing chamber 111 is changed.

Air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide is used to generate the gas jet fed into the main pipe 11 of the mixing chamber. The flow speeds of the extinguishing water and the gas jet are coordinated with one another. Preferably, the control valves 12, 12', 12" on the multi-component jet pipe 10 can be controlled together via a control device not shown in the drawing, so that optimal flow conditions can be achieved.

Spraying the extinguishing water using a side

pipe or several side pipes into the gas jet of the main pipe can, for example, take place at an angle of 45° of the outlet ends of the side pipes 15, 15', although this does not have to be fixed to a given angle. The outlet ends of the side pipes 15, 15' carrying the extinguishing water are preferably designed like nozzles.

When using carbon dioxide as a gaseous medium, the pressure and flow conditions must be coordinated so that the carbon dioxide causes the water droplets to freeze. This improves the extinguishing effect. The effect of the sudden heat extraction is used here to bring the water droplets into a frozen state for extinguishing purposes. The advantages of this are:

- the "deep-frozen" water droplets can bind more heat in the flames and embers than water droplets at ambient temperature.

- Frozen water droplets can be "hurled" into the fire with greater kinetic energy than, for example, water, mist or water dust.

The following is particularly advantageous when using the multi-component jet pipe designed according to the invention:

- The extinguishing water, possibly with extinguishing additives, flows from the outside into the gas stream fed to the multi-component jet pipe.

- A gas stream, e.g. carbon dioxide, flows through the middle of the multi-component jet pipe, the flow conditions of which are coordinated with those of the extinguishing water.

- The carbon dioxide gas flow is due to the expansion

or the evaporation of the gas from the storage container is so cold that water droplets freeze immediately. This achieves better throwing distances and better extinguishing effects.

Claims (11)

Expectations: 1. Combined multi-component jet pipe for the use of extinguishing water in the form of a water mist as an aerosol, characterized in that the multi-component jet pipe (10) has a centrally arranged main pipe (11) for a compressed gas jet with a shut-off valve (12) and with a nozzle (13) formed at one end and at least one side pipe (15) opening into the main pipe (11) at an angle with a nozzle-like pipe end and with a shut-off valve (12'; 12") for supplying extinguishing water to the central compressed gas jet in the main pipe (11) to produce a homogeneous, aerosol-like water mist jet. 2. Multi-component jet pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the main pipe (11) has several radially arranged side pipes (15, 15') which open into the main pipe (11) at an angle and are provided with shut-off valves (12', 12"). 3. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the side pipes (15, 15') opening into the main pipe (11) or their angled free ends (15a, 15'a) have the same angular positions to the main pipe (11). 4. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the side pipes (15, 15') opening into the main pipe (11) or their angled free ends (15a, 15'a) have different angular positions to the main pipe (11). 5. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the head (110) of the multi-component jet pipe (10) has a nozzle-like mixing chamber (111) with an outlet opening that can be changed in size (purple), wherein the side pipes (15, 15') for supplying the extinguishing water and the main pipe (11) for the compressed gas jet open into the mixing chamber (111). 6. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the side pipes (15, 15') run parallel to the main pipe (11) and with angled pipe ends (15a, 15'a) into the main pipe (II) or into the nozzle-like mixing chamber (111) at the outlet end (Ha) of the main pipe (11). 7. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the side pipes (15, 15') are arranged radially around the main pipe (11). 8. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to ₁₁ , characterized in that for the adjustability of the size of the outlet opening (lila) of the mixing chamber (III) a screw cap (20) as a nozzle with a central, nozzle-like opening (21) is placed on the free end of the head (110) of the multi-component jet pipe (10), whereby the nozzle-like opening (21) corresponds to the outlet opening (lila) of the mixing chamber (111). 9. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that for generating the gas supplied in the main pipe (11) of the mixing chamber (111) Air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide is used as the jet. 10. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flow speeds of the extinguishing water and the gas jet are coordinated with one another. 11. Multi-component jet pipe according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the outlet ends of the side pipes (15, 15') carrying the extinguishing water are designed like nozzles.