DE2022070A1 - Device for compressing and compacting waste, garbage and the like. - Google Patents

Description

2022070 Patent attorney Dipl.-Phys. Gerhard Liedl 8 Munich 22 Steinsdorfstr. 21-22 Tel. 29 84

B 4626

International Dynetics Corp, 4 Taft Street, Nor walk, Conn. 06854

Device for compressing and compacting waste, garbage and the like.

The invention relates to a device for compressing, compressing and compacting trash, garbage and the like. According to the invention, in particular, automatically and in successive work ' walked the garbage or the like compressed and then in bags, Bags or the like can be included.

A parallel registration by the same applicant concerns a Device for compressing garbage, garbage and the like, the is very suitable, appropriately packed "garbage packages" of certain

009847/1212 H / G

To generate quantity and size, the garbage in particular from paper, Food, canned food and the like can consist. This device is particularly suitable for small apartment houses, Restaurants and the like, where the amount of garbage generated within a certain period of time is not too great.

In the device according to the aforementioned application running in parallel is a longitudinally extending pressure chamber is provided with an outlet opening at the front end and with a Feed opening is provided at the rear end. A hydraulically operated pressure piston reciprocates within the pressure chamber arranged, the introduced through the supply opening in the pressure chamber garbage to a certain density and a certain pressure condensed. At the outlet opening is a manually operated and pivotable door arranged, which can be moved or rotated between a closed and an open position. In the open position the compressed garbage is accessible. In the closed position, the door is locked to the end of the outlet opening, so that one Facility for the garbage being created during its compression. After the garbage is fully compressed, an operator opens it the door, pushes a sack or other receptacle over the outlet opening and "removes the compressed garbage through more." Actuation of the piston rod or the pressure piston connected to it, whereby the garbage is pushed into the receptacle. At this Device can only be one at a given time Block from garbage to be processed.

There is a need for a device that automatically and without any manual labor a certain and continuously delivered

009847/1212 4626

Amount of garbage can be compressed and placed in containers. Such devices are particularly required for very large Residential houses, very large restaurants and the like, where there is always one certain constant amount of garbage accumulates. Waste incineration plants or other means of processing the waste generated are ruled out usually for the most varied of reasons, in particular by Lack of manpower and the high costs involved.

The invention is based on the object of providing a device for To bring compression of garbage, garbage and the like in proposal, which process a certain, continuously accumulating "stream" of garbage target. According to the invention, in particular, an automatic mode of operation is to be ensured, the garbage being compressed and pushed into suitable receptacles in certain quantities. Further an automatic emptying should take place without any Manual labor or supervision by an operator required are. According to the invention, it should also be possible to operate the device continuously or intermittently, specifically in Dependence on the amount of waste supplied.

In the device according to the invention for compressing garbage a pressure chamber is provided which has a longitudinal axis, and a solid wall at the front end and a filling opening at the rear end. A plunger is arranged and reciprocating in the chamber although between a position behind the filling opening and a position that has a certain distance from the front wall .. means The pressure piston compresses the waste to a certain density, shape, shape and size within the pressure chamber. An outlet port is on the side of the compression chamber in the space between the

0098 477 12 12 4626

front position of the plunger and the front wall provided, which extends at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the chamber. Further Means are provided for ejecting the compressed waste from the aforesaid space, as well as means for collecting and removing it of compressed garbage emitted.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure piston and the front wall of the pressure chamber are curved, so that a cylindrical block of compressed garbage is formed, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the chamber. The means to Ejecting the garbage block preferably consist of a slide or pusher, which is from a point diametrically opposite the outlet opening is movable, through the outlet opening. Preferably, means are also provided that the supply of a specific Scan and determine the amount of waste to the inlet opening and then actuate the pressure piston and the ejection piston.

According to a preferred embodiment means are provided which to the outlet opening a container to hold the ejected block of trash records. These means preferably consist of a platform on which a certain number of consecutive containers are arranged can, so that a continuous step-by-step operation is ensured is.

The device improved according to the invention is very economical, simple, safe and robust and guarantees a continuous, trouble-free operation.

4626 009847/1212

Further details and features of the invention are from the following Description of preferred embodiments and based on attached drawing. Point in here

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment: form of a device according to the invention for compressing

of garbage and the like!

FIG. 2 shows a section along line 2-2 in FIG

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the device according to FIG. 1, wherein the plunger is shown in the retracted position;

4 is a schematic view of the switches for sensing the pressure piston position and the associated cam system;

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the switches for scanning the Position and position of the container platform and the associated cam system;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the device according to line 4-4 in Fig. 3;

7 shows a schematic representation (circuit diagram) of the control arrangement;

8 shows a perspective illustration of a further preferred embodiment.

As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 6, the device according to the invention is for Compress with one extending in the longitudinal direction roughly tubular pressure chamber 10 is provided, which is an approximately square Transversely; jciäiiitt and above the floor by means of a support 12 is attached. ■

0 0 9 8 4 7/1212
BATH ORIGINAL.

As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pressure chamber 10 is made of steel plates or steel sheets and with a base 14, a RUur vertical side walls 16 and a horizontal top wall 18 are provided. Das'ha c hl auf ende "or rear end 20 of the chamber 10 is closed in the same way as the "leading" or front end 22, which, as will be explained in more detail below, is semicircular is rounded (see Fig. 2).

The pressure chamber 10 has a greater length than the carrier 12 and is arranged such that its front end 22 protrudes outward at a height above the ground which corresponds to the height of the support 12.

A rectangular feed opening 24 is provided in the upper wall 18, which lies approximately in the middle of the chamber 10. The feed opening 24 is provided with a funnel 26, which in operation with or with several waste chutes can be connected, as is known from incineration plants. The funnel 26 thus receives the garbage and directs it to the feed opening 24.

A double acting hydraulic cylinder 28 is in the middle, i.e. H. arranged along the central axis of the chamber 10. The hydraulic cylinder 28 is of conventional design and on a laar front and rear bracket and bearing 30 connected to base 14. In- and out-Ia {lines 32 and 34 connect the front and rear cylinder ends, respectively with a hydraulic pressure transducer 36, which is within the framework a 12 is arranged. A piston rod 38 is coaxial in. the cylinder 28 arranged in a conventional manner and is upon inflow a hydra al ikmediums through line 32 to the front and

. ₁₆₂₆ 009847/1212

BATH ORIGINAL

when the hydraulic medium flows in through the line 34 moves backwards. With the piston rod 38 is a suitable way Plunger 40 connected with a concave shape, which in particular has a semicircular shape that is complementary to the front end the chamber 22 is.

The plunger performs a uniform, smooth, reciprocating motion Movement out between his backward withdrawn Position C along the inlet opening 24, through a tear layer B and one front layer A where the garbage is fully compressed like this is shown in FIG.

The foremost position of the piston 40 results in a cylindrical zone between the position A and the front end 22 of the chamber 10 in which the. Garbage is compressed into a block of certain density, taking on the shape and shape of the circular zone. He said hello Cross section of the pressure piston 40 corresponds to the size of the pressure chamber Id The plunger 40 is provided with a flat rectangular door panel 4 2 which extends from the upper edge to the rear and is calibrated downwardly extending side walls 44 is connected. The pressure piston thus completely fills the interior of the pressure chamber 10. Self if there is always garbage there is no risk of the Garbage behind the piston or in the one behind the feed opening Deposits part of the chamber. This applies regardless of the position of the Plunger.

At the point B a pipe extends across the chamber 10 Element 46 made of highly hardened steel, which with the upper front Edge of the plunger 40 cooperates, whereby a pair of friction

: 009847/1212

BATH ORIGINAL

elements is created by the eventual garbage of any size cut through and separated so that compression without any impairments are possible ..

As can be seen from the above, the garbage, refuse or the like in the chamber 10 is removed by means of the device according to the invention compressed, whereby under actuation by the hydraulic cylinder 28 by the pressure piston 40 a very high pressure against the front wall the Chamber is exercised. The compressed garbage thus has the shape and shape of cylindrical blocks, since both the front wall 22, and the front part of the pressure piston that cooperates with it are semicircular, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 4. The compression takes place by repeated reciprocating movement of the plunger 40 as long as garbage through the Feed opening 24 is fed and until a garbage block desired Density arose.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the base wall 14 and the upper wall 18 of the chamber 10 are each in the vicinity of the front wall 22 provided with circular openings 48 and 50. These openings are coaxially to the axis of the compression zone, lh a frame 52 connected to the upper wall 18 of the chamber 10, a hydraulic cylinder 54 is arranged, which is provided with a piston 56, the one has flat circular plate 58, which is usually horizontal in the Level of the upper wall 18 is arranged. The cylinder 52 is double-acting in a manner known per se and is provided with inlet and outlet lines 60 which are connected to the hydraulic pressure transducer. By suitable control means, which will be described in more detail below is a repeated reciprocating motion

4626 009847/1212

2 0.2-2 O

of the piston 56 after a fully compressed block of garbage has been created , with surface 58 ejecting the garbage block downwardly through opening 50.

Below the opening 50 and in the plane of the bottom wall 14 , a door 62 is arranged which has a semicircular front edge which corresponds in its shape and shape to the front wall 22. The door 62 is attached to an elongated piston rod 66 which is arranged within a hydraulic cylinder 68 which lies beneath the housing JO and is connected to the carrier 12 by means of a pair of bearings 70. The piston rod 66 is passed through a vertical wall 72 which forms a bearing, which is favorable for the reciprocating movement. The third hydraulic cylinder 68 has a small overall size and is of conventional design and also provided with inlet and outlet lines, which are designated by the reference numeral 74 and are in communication with the hydraulic pressure transducer.

At an appropriate time after compression and manufacture of the garbage block, the hydraulic cylinder 68 displaces the door 62 rearward, opening the opening 50. The second hydraulic Cylinder 52 moves the associated pressure piston 54 vertically below, so that the piston surface 56 ejects the garbage block according to FIG.

Below door 62 is a large, rotatable, horizontal platform provided on which a plurality of containers 80 are arranged. The platform 78 is arranged freely rotatably on a central hub 82, which with a flat base plate 84 is connected, soft a Siels aach flat

00 9 047/1212: ■

BAD ORIGJNAU

- ίο -

having extending lip-like hand 86. The platform 78 is provided with a plurality of rollers or wheels 88, possibly also pivotably arranged, and can rotate freely on the base plate 84. Arranged on a carrier 90 is an electric motor 92 which is connected to the frame 12 and has a central horizontal shaft 94 to which a vertically rotatable, in particular toothed drive wheel 96 is attached, which is in engagement with the circumferential edge 86. In this case, the edge 86 is connected to the platform 78 and not to the base plate 84, contrary to what has been explained above the platform is rotated in sections, with the containers coming to lie below the door 62. The twisting in sections results from the size and the position of the containers 80, which have to be brought under the door 62 one after the other.

Below the edge 86 extending in the circumferential direction, a downwardly extending side wall 98 is provided which surrounds the platform. This side wall serves, among other things, to prevent garbage from falling under the table 78.

In order to ensure the desired shifting in sections and the filling of all containers in the desired sequence, the device is set to "start" at a certain first container position and is only stopped when all containers on the platform have been filled one after the other. As below still iiälier e ^ lFile; ^ t? H? U f.io? by else Ste-sv ^ ing -

4626 * i η q ο * 7 f _t * ι

H / Br, "V",

BADORIQJNAL

reached that acts on the motor 92, as well as on the assemblies for compression and ejection. The operation of the engine 92 takes place here when the device is back in its resting position has returned.

In the platform shown, six containers are provided that are barrel-shaped. However, more or fewer containers can also be used. The diameter of the The platform and the container can be freely selected.

The device according to the invention works fully automatically, so that Personal supervision or manual labor can be avoided and in particular it is also not necessary, the To load the platform with barrel-like containers or to remove rubbish during the operating period. Namely, one barrel-like container after the other becomes fully automatic filled until all containers are filled. Efoe exposure through an operator is only required for that after expiration after a certain time the device returns to its original position and a new set of empty bins is placed on the platform 78. However, there is only a very small amount for this Time of a few minutes required according to the Size of the device and the amount of waste generated only once a day or once a week.

In FIG. 7, the switching, movement, and control elements of the different device are shown nematically. How from here can be seen, the opposite ends of the hydraulic cylinder 28 with opposite openings of a solenoid actuator

4626 0098.47 / 1212

BATH ORIGINAL

th four-way valve 100 connected. The inlet openings of the same are each connected to a container 102 for a hydraulic medium, while the outlet openings are connected to a high-pressure hydraulic pump 104 are connected, which can in particular have a variable displacement volume. The pump 104 is through a suitably coupled electric motor M driven and it is with its inlet with the container 102 and with an adjustable pressure valve (check valve) 108 in connection.

This valve can serve as a sniffer valve.

The valve 100 has a pair of solenoids VF and VR. An excitation of the solenoid VF connects the rear Part of the cylinder 28 with the outlet of the pump 104 and the front part of the cylinder 28 with the outlet in the container 102. When the solenoid VR is energized, the front part of the cylinder 28 is connected to the pump outlet, while the rear part Part is connected to the outflow. With the outlet of pump 104 is a pair of pressure responsive switches HP and LP connected, which are individually adjustable so that they respond to certain pressures. The switches HP and LP have electrical contacts HPA and LPA which are each normally open. Each of the contacts is brought into the closed position when the hydraulic pressure exceeds a certain adjustable value. Under normal operating conditions, the switch HP is set to a higher value Pressure set as the switch LP and at a pressure not exceeding that of the check valve 128.

The cylinder 54 which actuates the piston rod 56 is also connected to the hydraulic pump 104 via a second four-way valve 110.

4626 009847/1212

f4M (;. Vf,

BADOBiGiNAl.

bound, which is actuated by a spring-loaded solenoid 112 will. The valve 110 is actuated by the solenoid 112 and in a manner similar to valve 120 connects the rear of cylinder 54 to the outlet of pump 104 and the front End of the cylinder 54 with the drainage opening. When the solenoid 112 is rendered inoperative, the leading end becomes of the cylinder 54 connected to the pump 104 and the rear end connected to the drain. When the solenoid is actuated, the Piston rod 56 moved outward and surface 58 pushes the garbage block out of the compression zone. When the solenoid 112 is rendered ineffective, the piston rod 56 is immediately in its normal initial rest withdrawn.

The cylinder 68 actuating the door 62 is also hydraulic Pump 124 connected via another hydraulic four-way valve, which is operated by another spring-loaded solenoid is operated. The valve 114 can connect the front end of the cylinder to the outlet of the pump 104 and the rear end of the cylinder connect to the outlet and drain when the solenoid 116 is actuated. When the solenoid 116 is rendered inoperative, the rear end of the cylinder with the outlet of the pump 104 and the front end of the cylinder connected to the drain and outlet. When the solenoid 116 is actuated, the door 62 is thus opened, while when the solenoid 116 is rendered inoperative, the Door 62 is closed immediately.

A height of 5 spaced apart transversely Scanning and sensing holders LSiA, LSIB, LS2, LS3 and LS5 for Scanning and sensing the piston position are each with a

4616 009847/1212

BATHROOM OBIGINIAL

Contact roller 120 is provided and in a suitable manner on a block 118 in the housing 10 between the cylinder 28 and the inner wall the upper piston wall 42 is arranged. These switches are arranged at the front end of the cylinder 28 and in the Typically aligned vertically with the rear of the top wall 42 when the piston is in the forwardmost position A. On the underside of the wall 42, the aforementioned switch-actuating cams Cl, C2, C3 and C5 are provided correspond to and align with the appropriately numbered switches.

The cam Cl is somewhat elongated so that there is contact with the rollers 120 of both the switch LSlA and the switch LSlB can. The cam Cl is arranged such that it can come into engagement with the switch LS1A and open it when the piston 40 is in the front position A. This is the position for complete compression (see Figures 2 and 4). The switch LSIB is bipolar and normally closed and is switched to the open position at the same time by the cam C1. Both switches LSlA and LSlB operate the pump motor M. The switch LS2 is normally open. The one assigned to this switch Cam C2 engages and closes it when the piston plate 40 is midway between the A positions and B is located. The switch LS2 therefore only works when the piston has passed tear point B and the compression takes place is. The switch LS3 is normally open and is engaged with the cam C3, whereby it is closed when the piston plate 40 is in the fully retracted position according to FIG Figure 3 is located. The solenoid coil VF is actuated here. Of the

1626 009847/1212

BAD ORiGlNAt

Switch LS5 is normally closed and is activated upon intervention with the cam C opened when the piston is at the point B and an obstacle is detected at the tear point and a Interrupting safety circuit is operated.

The rotating platform 78 is equipped with a series of microswitches LS7, LS8, LS9a and LSSb for sensing the location and position provided on the outer edge of the frame 12 near the part 98 of the platform 78 are attached. On the wall 98 are a plurality of uniformly spaced cams 122 attached, each of which has a platform or container position assigned. A single cam 124 is positioned just in front of the cam at the first of the preselected index positions of the containers. The cams 122 come into engagement with the rollers 120 of the switches LS7 and LS8, respectively, as the cam 124 only engages switches LS9a and LS9b after the platform has made one complete revolution.

The switch LS7 is bipolar and is normally in its open position in circuit with platform motor 92. However, switch LS7 is in its closed position in the compression circuit / due to actuation by cam 134 when the platform is in the appropriate switching and index position. The desk LS7 interrupts the movement of the platform, so that the compression can take place. The switch LS8 is normally closed and is opened by actuation by means of the cam 122 when this passes the switch LS7 while the platform is being moved. The hold circuit for the platform reset is interrupted. The switch LS9a is bipolar and normally closed in the

4626 "0 09 8 Λ 7/12 1 2

BATH ORIGINAL

Compression circle, except when contacted by the single cam 124. Here he opens and breaks the compression circuit and signals that all containers are completely filled. The switch LS9b is opposite the switch LS9a aligned and is therefore actuated by the cam 124 at the same time. The switch LS9b is bipolar and normally closed, except when it is opened by the cam 124 for actuation of the platform motor 92 and when it is opened by the actuation is "closed" by the cam 124 so that the table is returned to the first index position.

Below the piston rod 66, 2 scanning microswitches LS10 and LS12 are arranged in alignment therewith. The front end of the piston rod 66 is provided with a cam surface 126 which can engage rollers 120 of each of the two switches LS10 and LS12. The limit switch LS10 is arranged in the area of the rearmost part of the piston rod 66 and in the vicinity of the head of the cylinder 68. This switch is normally open and is closed to determine that the door 62 is fully open _; when the piston rod is withdrawn. The switch LS12 is arranged in the area of the foremost position of the piston rod 66 and is closed by the cam surface 126 when the door 62 is completely closed.

Inside the housing 52 there is a row of four normally open limit switches LSIl, LS14, LS15 and LS16, those from suitable microswitches, similar to those previously described Switches, can exist. A rod 128 (see FIG. 6) is arranged vertically and parallel to the piston-cylinder arrangement 54, which with

4626 009847/1212

a projection 130 is provided which serves as a cam surface for the rollers 120 of the aforementioned switches. The switch LSI1 is closed by actuation by the cam 130 when the piston rod 56 has been pushed completely downwards. The switch LS14 is closed when the piston rod has been moved completely upwards so that the compression according to FIG. 3 can take place. The switch LS15 is closed; when the piston rod has been moved all the way up to allow the platform to move. Switch LS16 is closed when the piston rod is near the door, actuating the door solenoid.

To ensure that the device only works when Garbage is introduced into the funnel 26, a photocell 13 2 with a suitable amplifier is provided, which determines whether garbage sufficient amount of the supply port 24 has been supplied. The photocell 132 operated in a similar manner to a limit switch and prevents current passage when receiving light rays, and is closed when the light beams are interrupted. Opposite the photocell 132 is a conventional one, not shown Light beam source provided.

The motor 114 driving the hydraulic pump 104 is with connected to a magnetic starter K4 and connected in series together with the photocell 132 and a three-phase power source, connections L «and N * are provided. A magnetic starter MS is provided with a pair of thermal overload switches OL1 and OL2, which are normally closed and open when a certain motor temperature is exceeded.

QQ9847 / 1212

The control circuit for the compression device is energized by a pair of lines extending from contacts L «and N-, and a 4-position push-button switch that has contacts S2A and S2D for automatic operation, and one Contact S2B for manual operation and a contact S2C, which together is used with the hand contact S2B for the initial reset. The start-stop switch Sl is normally closed and serves as a safety switch in emergencies, so that the entire system is switched off manually if an error is detected can be. The switch S1 is provided with a red light R1, which lights up when the position is open.

is
The control circuit is provided with nine relays Kl to K9 and with two solenoid valves KR and KF, which actuate the valves VR and VF, and also with the door solenoid 116 and the ejector piston solenoid 112.

Kl is provided with a pair of normally open switches a, b and a closed switch C. Kl is part of the high / Low pressure control circuit. K2 has a single normally open switch and is part of the overload time control circuit. K3 has three relay switches a, b and c, with switches a and b being normally open, while switch c is normally open closed is. K3 is part of the exhaust control circuit. K4 has the magnetic starter MS with the temperature overload contacts OL1 and OL2 on. K5 has two relay switches a and b, the first of which is normally open and the second of which is normally closed and comes into effect in the compression circuit, K6 is provided with three relay switches a, b and c, the first of which is normal -

4626 009847/1212

wise open, while the latter two are normally closed. K6 works in the cycle for the duty cycle. K7 is also provided with three switches a, b and c, of which the first two are normally open while the last normally closed. K7 is part of the platform drive circuit. K9 has a single relay switch a, which is normally closed, and part of the door holding circuit forms. K9 has two switches a and b. Switch a is normally open while switch b is normally closed is. K9 is part of the Ke duty cycle.

The two solenoid switches KR and KF control the valves VR and VF in the four-way valve 120. The solenoid KR has a normally open switch a on. The solenoid KF has a normally open single switch a. How nice previously mentioned, the door and ejector solenoids are directly connected to the associated valves 114 and 110.

As for the operation of the compressor, the inactive rest position shown in FIG. Ih this operating state the compression piston is in its foremost position and blocks the entry of garbage into the compression unit. Of the Garbage thus remains in the channel 26. For safety reasons, the piston is held in this forward position so that it does not can inadvertently go through the tear layer and with certainty possible accidents are avoided a

An additional feature is that the device does not can be operated until the platform reaches the first of the different

⁴⁶²⁶ 00 9847/1212

ft

- 20 -

which container positions has been moved. In this way it is ensured that the device gradually from the works from the first to the last container bins. When the last container barrel is filled, the device closes automatically, and regardless of any further refuse being fed into the funnel 26. JThe device works continuously over several Compress, eject and shift cycles until no more trash is present or all containers are completely full.

The initial stage of operation therefore requires that the device be reset for cycling. The stop switch S1 is brought into an "activated" position and the automatic / manually operated push-button switch 52 with the four positions is reset. If this is done, switch contact S2A is open, S2B and S2C are both closed and S2D is open. Button S2 is held and a circle is made between S2B, LS9b and platform drive motor 92. The motor 92 causes the platform to rotate until the cam 124, which is located in the first of the index positions, opens the contact LS9B (lower position in FIG. 9), the table drive motor being stopped in the area of the first position. When this is the case, a light G lights up and the operator knows that the device is ready for automatic operation. At the same time, the magnetic coil K7 is excited, with its contacts a and b close and its contact c opens. K7 is held in the energized position by LS8, which forms a circle with contact K7b. At the same time, the opening of K7c creates a bypass of LS9A, which has been brought into the open position at the same time (lower position in FIG. A)

4626 009847/1212.

• |

together with LS9B. LS9A and LS9B stay in the lower or open position, during the further operating time, namely until the complete Ihdex cycle of the platform is over. '

The device is now ready for automatic operation. Of the spring-loaded four-way push-button switch returns to its normally cocked position, where switch contacts S2A and S2D closed and the switch contacts S2B and S2C are open. As soon If the photocell 132 detects and reports a sufficient amount of waste in the hopper 26, the coil K4 becomes the magnetic starter energized by the switch S2D, LS7, the relay contact K5b, the relay contact K7a and S2A.

The magnetic motor starter switch remains energized, since even when the piston 40 is withdrawn, the limit switch LSIA is normally closed when it comes free from the cam Cl and the circuit is closed via the relay contact K3b. The closing of the photocell thus starts the retraction of the piston 40 by the limit switch LSIB, which excites the magnetic coil KR, the contacts KRb closing and the hydraulic valve VR being actuated. The piston 40 is withdrawn until the limit switch LS3 closes, whereby the solenoid KF is energized, which closes the contact KFa, which immediately actuates the hydraulic valve VF, the piston being displaced forwards towards the garbage to be compressed emerging from the chute 26 has fallen through the opening 24 in the cylinder. The piston 40 carries out this reciprocating movement for an unlimited time, which is due to the alternating actuation of the relays KR and KF. This movement will continue until the following events occur!

^462ß 009847 / U! 2

BATH ORIGINAL

a) The channel is empty and / or the photocell does not provide any MOIl stuck in it.

b) The compressed garbage block has reached the desired density and is ready to be ejected.

c) The last ejection process has been carried out and the last barrel-like one The container is full.

d) The piston 40 is through a during its forward rotation Obstacle within the cylinder blocked, which prevents the compression by position B.

The effect on the piston movement naturally also occurs when if two or more of the above events occur. at the aforementioned case a), d. H. when the gutter is empty, it opens Photocell 132. As the piston moves forward to its outermost position A, LSIA and magnetic starter K4 open is made currentless. Although the remainder of the arrangement remains in the operating position, nothing else happens because the hydraulic pump none of the hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies operate.

In case b) - as soon as the piston has compacted a certain block of waste - the low-pressure switch LPA closes and K3 is closed by the contacts LS2 and K6b that are now closed. The contacts K3a and K3b are allocated in the excitement of K3 again, that is reversed. The reversing keeps K4 in the excited state until the piston 40 completes its forward movement into position A. The piston 40 remains in position A until the expulsion cycle has ended, which is due to the closing of K3a «,

003847/1212 Io26

BATH ORIGINAL

In case e), in which the last container is filled and the table for has been switched back to the first container position, LS9A opens through the cam 124 and the Kompriro line circuit is opened by opening the contacts K5B and K7a are de-energized.

In case d) where the moving piston rod is with the piston is stopped by an obstacle in the area of the gutter, increases the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 28 until it closes the high pressure switch HPA. Closing the HPA energizes the contact Kl. Kl is a ten second time relay, which gives the possibility that the piston rod with the piston the obstacle within can tear or destroy in ten seconds. If the piston clears the way within this time of 10 seconds, the piston rod moves with the piston in a similar way continue as usual with a normal cycle.

If the path of movement is not cleared within ten seconds, contacts a and b close. The contact KIa actuates the solenoid coil KR, which causes the immediate retraction of the Piston 40 results. The other contact KIb excites K2 and K5, which are hereby connected in series. The only contact of the magnet coil K2 keeps K2 and K5 in the excited state, namely during the time the plunger is withdrawn. Since LS3 is closed, the retracted piston does its job repeatedly back and forth movement and hits the obstacle until pressure builds up in the high pressure switch HDA. The relay K5 is a sixty second time relay that allows this reciprocating movement for 60 seconds. At the end of sixty seconds, K5 is automatically excited and the contacts are

4626 ■ 00 9847 / 12Ί2

the reversed. When contact K5b opens, the compression circle interrupted and the compression cycle comes to a standstill. When contact K5b closes, the red one lights up Lamp R2 comes on, indicating that the device has stopped.

If during the time delay of 60 seconds to energize the magnetic coil K5, the piston 40 clears the way and the Passing point B, LS5 opens, whereby the circle of contact K2a interrupted and the excitation of contact K2 is "released". As a result, the relay K5 for terminating the cycle is not activated.

After a block of sufficient density has been made at the head end of cylinder 10, the ejection cycle takes place. For this it is necessary that the table with a container 80 lies exactly below the compression zone. This is guaranteed by the operation of the low pressure _{switch LPA 1,} which actuates the solenoid coil K3 via the switch LS7 and the contact K9b. When the relay K3 is energized, the contact K3C opens and the operation of the solenoid K4 is switched from the cylinder 28 to the ejection cylinder 54 and the solenoid 116. When the contact K3c is excited, the door magnet coil 116 is activated by the closed contacts K6c and K8a via K9b. The door solenoid actuates valve 114 and door 62 is opened. The open door closes the normally open contact LS10, which then excites the ejection solenoid 112 via contact K6b. The ejector solenoid 112 causes the ejector piston 56 to push the garbage block out of the compaction zone and into the container.

009847/1212

When the piston 56 moves downwards, it comes into engagement with LSIl, which is thereby closed, so that the magnetic coils K6 and K9 are excited. When K6 and K9 are excited. "■ the contact K6a closes and the solenoids K6 and K9 are kept in the excited state, lh this state the contacts K6b and K6c open and the pressure on the ejection coil 112 is reversed, so that it immediately returns to its inoperative position due to its spring load.

When the ejector piston is fully extended, LS14 opens and since the contact K6c is then open, the door solenoid 116 is rendered inoperative and the door closes. At the same time it closes LS15 when the ejection piston is pushed back completely into its upper position. As a result, the platform motor 92 becomes started via the now closed contact K9b.

When the door 62 is fully closed, LS12 opens. Since contact K6c is now also open, relay K3 is "reactivated" for the ejection cycle.

The table now rotates past LST and holds the index cam for others 122 comes into effect and LS7 opens.

The fact that the discharge relay K3 is de-energized is the System ready again for repeated compression, with K3a and K3c being opened and K3b being closed.

The limit switch LS8, which is activated by the rotating platform in the area the index position or the switch position has been actuated, night

⁴⁶²⁶ 009 847 M 21 2

BATH ORIGINAL

the solenoid coil K7 is de-energized, whereby the Byfwss on switch LS9A is removed from the first position and the green light is switched off via LS9B.

Several successive densifications are carried out and terminated several ejection cycles until the platform has shifted so far that each container is back in its original position is located. In this starting position, contact LS9A opens and the machine is supplied with energy via contact K5b switched off. Here, the yellow lamp A is actuated via K7c, which indicates that the device must be reloaded.

Stopping the device by opening switches LS9A and the lighting up of the yellow lamp A indicates to the operator that all containers are full and have been replaced by new containers Need to become. To do this, the operator can rotate the table as desired and thus does not have to rotate the table Walk around the table to take away the containers. For this it is necessary that the push button switch is switched by hand will. In this "manual position" only the contact S2B is closed and the reset contact 2SC becomes a push-button switch Bypassed FWD, which the operator can choose to cheat to start the table drive motor 92. When all containers have been replaced with new empty containers, the switch with three-way mode is reset and the table is shifted or switched to the first Bidex position so that the green Light G lights up. At this point the push button switch is reset to automatic operation and the device is ready to carry out the next operating cycle. To maintenance

⁴⁶²⁶ 0098 A 7/1212

For purposes of this, an ejection cycle can be triggered without a Compaction cycle is carried out. For this, the spring-loaded. Loaded lock contact S3 between the limit switches LS7 and LSIl arranged. ·

For safety reasons, the Heiais K5 and KT are provided with fuses F of a suitable amperage, which in the case of electrical Overload interrupt the affected groups.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, there are some changes in the embodiment shown here. So z. B. the outlet door 62 pivotable with respect to the opening SO and not and be arranged forward. For this purpose, a circular door 150 is provided, to which an arm 152 pivotable about a vertical axis 154 is integrally connected. The arm 152 is with one Hydraulic piston 156 connected, which is connected to the hydraulic pressure transducer 36, similarly as described above, is connected.

The arm 152 extends in a radial direction from the door 150. The piston 156 is arranged at an angle to this in such a way that at When the piston is actuated, the door is pivoted completely away from the opening 50.

Modifications are also possible with the turntable. E.g. in some applications the floor on which the device must be placed can be very uneven, so that it is quite difficult is to precisely align the platform. This alignment can be simplified by keeping the wheels 88 off the platform 78 but to be connected to the base plate 84. In this

4626 00984 7/1 2 12

BATH ORIGINAL

Case, it is easier to align these few roles than that Base or the platform. This alignment can take place when the platform is free, i.e. not loaded.

The platform can be driven by a drive mechanism provided with a gear 160 which is circumferentially the platform 78 is attached. Furthermore, a toothed wheel 162 which is in engagement therewith is provided, which is mounted on the shaft of the Electric motor 92 is attached. In another embodiment, the electric motor 92 can be arranged vertically, with the Roller 96 is in contact with the wall 98 of the platform 78.

Apart from the deviations set out above, the embodiment according to FIG. 8 corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 to 7.

⁴⁶²⁶ 009847/1212

BAD ORiGtNAi

Claims (17)

Claims 1. Device for compressing and compacting garbage, waste products and the like, characterized by an elongated compression chamber (10) with a feed opening (24) for the garbage and the like, which is arranged in the region of its rear end, through a compression zone in the region of the front End of the compression chamber (10), in which the garbage and the like is compressed, through an outlet opening (50) in the region of the front end of the compression chamber (1Q) _? through which the compressed waste can be pushed out of the compression zone of the compression chamber (10), by a piston (40) which is longitudinally displaceable in the compression chamber (10), by first drive means for advancing and retracting the piston (40) from a position behind the supply opening ( 24) to a position in the vicinity of the compression zone, wherein the garbage arranged therein is compressed by a pushing device movable within the compression zone, by second drive means for actuating the pushing device and for ejecting the compressed garbage and the like from the discharge opening (50) through a the door (62) closing the discharge opening (50) and by third drive means for moving the door (62) between two positions, the discharge opening (50) being closed by the door (62) in one position and unlocked in the other position, so that the compressed garbage and the like can be pushed out to the outside. 4626 009847/1212 BAD K * ■ » - 30 - 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that control means are provided which actuate the drive means cyclically so that a certain amount of MUH is gradually compressed into a cohesive body and subsequently ejected. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the tax means. Have means for repeating the cyclical mode of operation with continuous waste supply to the compression chamber, so that continuously bodies or blocks from Garbage are produced. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that Means for receiving the compressed garbage blocks are provided, which have a platform (78), which several in the vicinity of the Auslaßöffmmg (SO) arranged container carries, as well as fourth drive center! for actuating the platform (78) and further means for actuating the fourth drive means to move the platform (78) in such a way to move and continue to switch that container one after the other get into the area of the outlet opening (50). 5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the compression channel (10) in the area of its front end is provided with a fixed wall (22) which is arranged at a distance from the foremost position of the piston (40) and with this forms a cavity for the compression, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the compression chamber (10) and that the Ejector above the hollow space and the outlet opening (50) are arranged below the cavity. 4626 noiyu7 / 1212 BAt ^ LOCAL GINAL 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the circular platform (78) one to the axis of the Compression zone has parallel central axis that the platform (78) carries a plurality of containers which are arranged on the outer circumference at a distance from one another below the outlet opening (50), that fourth drive means are provided for actuating the platform (78) and that means for actuating the fourth drive means provided so that the platform (78) is rotated in such a way that that the containers come to lie successively below the outlet opening (50). . 7. Apparatus according to claim S, characterized in that the solid wall (22) of the compression chamber (10) and the piston (40) are curved in their shape and shape such that the enclosed cavity for the compression one has a cylindrical shape. 8. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the first, second and third drive means each with a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, each with an associated one Piston and outwardly protruding piston rod, which with the Piston (40), an ejector and the door (62) are connected, are provided, as well as with one connected to the cylinders Hydraulic pump and further comprising control means which have a first, a second and a third solenoid actuated and respectively have a valve inserted between the pump and each of the cylinders through which the opposite ends of the cylinders alternately a pressurized hydraulic medium is supplied 4626 0098, - / 1212 BATH ORIGINAL is, in the normal case the supply takes place in such a way that the piston (40) in its foremost position, the ejector in the retracted position and the door (62) in the closed position will. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that first means for detecting garbage and the like in a front the supply opening (24) lying zone are provided which act on the first solenoid valve such that the supply of the pressurized hydraulic fluid to the first cylinder (28) is carried out so that the piston (40) has a continuous reciprocating motion Movement. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that second means are provided for determining the density of the compressed garbage in the compression zone and the like, which Interrupt the effect of the first solenoid operated valve when a certain density is reached. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that means are provided which on the. address the second means and operate the second and third solenoid valves to open the door (62) and expel the compressed garbage and the like will. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that means are provided which are responsive to the ejection of the compressed Address garbage and the like and operate the fourth drive means to move the platform. 4626 009847/1212 BADORIQINiAL 13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that Means are provided which actuate the solenoid valves prevent shifts and shifts after a certain number of flat forms. 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that means are provided which on one of the piston (40) during respond to the pressure exerted on its forward movement, if this has reached a certain value at a middle position of the piston (40) reached, which is behind the foremost piston position, where the Piston (40) withdrawn from the middle position and then is moved forward again. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that means for limiting the successive movement when Retraction and advancement of the piston (40) during the period in which the predetermined pressure value is exceeded will be provided. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the first means for detecting rubbish or the like consist of a photocell (132) placed inside the feed opening (24) is arranged and that means are provided through which Beams of light across the feed opening (24) or one above it point the arranged channel at the photocell (132). 0.0984 7/1212 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that selectively actuatable means are provided through which the first Drive means are provided independently of the first means for detecting garbage, through which the piston (40) into the withdrawn position and then moved to the middle position. 009847/1212 BAD ORIGINAL rs e i Blank page