DE20010288U1 - Prefabricated window and door element - Google Patents

Description

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Patent Attorney

Dipl.-Ing. Detlef Brandt

Representative at the European Patent Office and
at the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market

Meisenstrasse 96
D-33607 Bielefeld

Phone 0521.2997367
Fax 0521.2997368

John Schmidt
Essener Strasse 21

33647 Bielefeld gbno3ooi

Prefabricated window and exterior door element

The invention relates to a prefabricated window and external door element, in particular for installation in the shell of residential buildings, with an element frame, at least one window or external door and a roller shutter box.

When building residential houses, ceiling-high wall openings for windows and external doors of the living areas are cut out individually or according to standard dimensions during the shell construction. The planning and creation of such recesses have a direct impact on subsequent trades, which numerous craftsmen such as window fitters, concrete workers, roller shutter fitters, screed fitters, plasterers and painters have to carry out until the house is finished. When the successive work steps mesh together until the window installation is completed, including the installation of roller shutters, numerous sources of error can naturally arise.

For this reason, it has already been proposed in the state of the art, for example in DE 297 02 156 U 1, to produce window and door inserts with prefabricated roller shutter housings and belt roller shafts, which can be prefabricated from concrete, rigid plastics and composite casting materials before installation on the building site. Such window and external door inserts certainly offer advantages over the previously customary individual window and door installations on the building site.

PATENT ATTORNEY OH ³ L^NG. B&TL'Ef* ÖRANBfc-'BItLoFEbS* *··* '··* ·*· 06.06.2000

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a certain amount of progress, but do not yet eliminate problems that often arise, particularly with regard to the insulating properties of the window or roller shutter box, which has led to much higher quality requirements in recent years due to legal requirements of the Energy Saving Ordinance with regard to the requirements for energy savings when heating residential buildings. Window and door openings and their insulation and sealing are of particular interest here, as poor construction can result in the loss of large amounts of heating energy. Since even with the window and external door inserts described in the utility model cited above, a high degree of manual work still has to be carried out before the complete window with roller shutter is completed, the possible sources of error are naturally still numerous, particularly with regard to the sealing and insulation of window and door openings.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a prefabricated window and external door element which offers optimum thermal insulation in both the window and roller shutter areas, which can be completely prefabricated industrially, whereby in particular the modern requirements for sealing with regard to air circulation are also taken into account.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the window and roller shutter boxes are inserted in an airtight manner into the element frame, which is constructed from several interconnected aluminum hollow body profiles, and in that the roller shutter box has at least one insulating insert, which essentially takes up the entire free internal volume of the roller shutter box that is not used when the roller shutter is rolled up.

The design of the element frame made of aluminum hollow profiles allows industrial production of a window or door element with optimal fitting of the windows in terms of air-technical sealing. Due to its structure, the window or door element is completely pre-assembled including roller shutter installation, whereby on the construction site only the insertion of this element into prepared window openings using an assembly clamp lock is easy to carry out. The construction of the element frame made of individual profiles allows in this

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In this context, the production of windows and doors in any length and width, whereby the windows to be installed can of course be installed in all possible variations and colors. The fitting of the window and the roller shutter box into the element frame as part of the industrial production eliminates all sealing problems that previously had to be overcome on the construction site, whereby the lining of the roller shutter box with an insulating insert reliably excludes a thermal bridge in this area. The insulating insert can advantageously be designed as a foamed molded block, which on the one hand exceeds the K value of an external wall of 0.25 required by the Energy Saving Ordinance in the unfavorable roller shutter area by 30% and on the other hand brings advantages in particular with regard to the manufacturing costs and the adaptation of the insulating insert.

Furthermore, the industrial prefabrication of the window and external door elements means that the time after window installation can be significantly reduced due to the lack of coordination problems between the individual trades and the fact that work can continue inside and outside in parallel immediately after the window and door element according to the invention has been installed, which overall results in a not inconsiderable reduction in construction time. In addition, industrial prefabrication has the advantage that all work on the element can be carried out regardless of the weather, no measurements have to be taken, and no other construction site-related coordination and assembly problems have to be solved.

Special embodiments of the subject matter of the invention result from the features of the subclaims in conjunction with the technical teaching of claim 1.

It has proven particularly advantageous that the hollow body profiles of the element frame have at least one cavity with internal insulation facing the outside of the house and at least one cavity facing the inside of the house, with an insulating layer arranged between the cavities. This special design also provides excellent thermal insulation in the area next to the actual window and roller shutter box, which

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on the one hand, by filling one of the cavities with foam and, on the other hand, by providing thermal insulation between the outside of the element frame as the cold component and the inside of the element frame as the frame component. In order to further minimize heat transport, additional offset longitudinal slots can be introduced into the hollow body profiles in accordance with a further advantageous embodiment, so that a honeycomb-shaped surface is created, which extends the path from the warm to the cold zone.

The manufacturing costs of the element frame profiles can be reduced if the hollow body profiles consist of an individual profile that accommodates a hollow space and a plastic profile arranged between the individual profiles. The individual aluminum profiles on the outside and inside can be designed symmetrically, which further reduces the tool costs required for the manufacturing mold.

An additional useful development of the subject matter of the invention can be achieved by designing at least a portion of the internal cavity of an individual profile as a heating and ventilation duct with an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening. Since heating and ventilation systems are increasingly being used to heat the interior of residential buildings due to their thermal advantages, the heating and ventilation ducts integrated in the window and door element represent a cost-saving and visually appealing way of creating sufficient heating and ventilation options for individual rooms without laying additional ducts.

The air outlet openings can be reduced in their cross-section by means of regulating devices, whereby inserts for arrangement within the air outlet openings can be provided as regulating devices, for example. The air outlet openings are designed as slots within the vertical element frame parts, but other cross-sectional designs are of course also conceivable.

In addition to the window and roller shutter, a thermally insulated parapet element can also be fitted airtight into the element frame below the window. The prefabricated door and window element thus receives a

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Floor-to-ceiling design, whereby an airtight floor connection is created in the lower and upper areas facing the ceiling or the floor. The fitted parapet element can of course be adapted to the outside and inside in any design to match the rest of the facade and interior design.

In addition, it is conceivable that, analogous to the parapet element arranged below the window, a thermally insulated cladding element can also be provided above the roller shutter box, with the element frame of the window element being extended upwards accordingly. In this way, the elements according to the invention are extended up to the roof area on the upper floor of a residential building without additional bricklaying, concrete construction and plastering work being necessary. In addition, it saves all formwork installation and removal work for the concreting process in this area.

In the following, an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Figure 1 is a perspective overall view of the window element according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a sectional view along line A-A of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a one-sided sectional view through the vertical area of the element frame according to the section line C-C in Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a one-sided sectional view through the vertical element frame according to the section line B-B in Figure 2,

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view through the roller shutter box along the section line A-A in Figure 1,

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the floor connection area of the window element according to the invention along the section line A-A in Figure 1,

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Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the corner area and
Figure 8 shows a partial view of the element frame with honeycomb structure.

Figure 1 shows a prefabricated window element, the main components of which are a surrounding element frame 1, a double-leaf window 2 and a roller shutter box 3 arranged concealed above the window. In the present embodiment, a thermally insulated parapet element 4 is located below the window. The prefabricated window element according to the invention is shown in Figure 1 from the side facing the inside of the house. On this side, the roller shutter box 3 is completely encapsulated, so that the roller shutter box 3, window 2 and parapet element 4 are accommodated as a complete structural unit in an airtight manner in the element frame 1. The element frame 1 itself consists of several hollow body profiles connected to one another at the four outer corners of the window element, as is clearer from the following figures.

The entire window element shown in Figure 1 is completely prefabricated industrially, which means that the complete window with fittings and glass inserts as well as the complete roller shutter box including an existing electric drive and the associated supply and discharge lines and control devices are present in the fully assembled window element. In addition, after assembly is complete, external and internal window sills as well as special cladding made of wood, plaster, decorative panels or similar are already attached to the inside and outside of the parapet element. For transport purposes and as protection on the construction site, the window element according to the invention is finally provided with a protective film and can then, after delivery to the construction site, be inserted directly into a designated opening in the shell of a residential building using an assembly clamp closure.

The structure of the window element is shown in more detail in the cross-sectional drawing in Figure 2. This figure shows the essential elements of the window element, which consists of the element frame 1, the window 2, the roller shutter

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box 3 and the parapet element 4, shown again in sectional view.

Figure 5 shows the structure of the roller shutter box. The roller shutter box 3 essentially consists of a front and rear panel 5, 6, whereby the rear panel 5 facing the interior extends from the lower edge of the roller shutter box to the floor slab 7, whereas the panel 6 facing the outside covers the floor slab from the outside and extends into another window element arranged above the first window element on the next upper floor. The interior defined by the panels 5 and 6 accommodates the roller shutter box mechanism, which essentially consists of the roller shutter winding roller 8, the roller shutter 9 and drive elements not shown in detail here. On the underside of the roller shutter box 3, the roller shutter 9 can be moved out of the interior of the roller shutter box through a narrow gap 10. The gap 10 is sealed to the outside by cushion-shaped seals 11 and 12 running along the roller shutter, which prevents draughts or dirt from getting into the interior of the roller shutter box. The space inside the roller shutter box 3 not taken up by the rolled-up roller shutter 9 is completely filled by an insulating insert 13 adapted to the shape of the roller shutter box. This insulating insert 13 preferably consists of a rigid foam block and ensures excellent thermal insulation properties (K value 0.175) with exceptionally easy handling and adaptability.

Figure 3 shows the lateral boundary of the roller shutter box with the roller shutter winding roller bearing arranged on it. The lateral boundary of the roller shutter box 3 forms part of the element frame 1, which consists of at least four aluminum hollow body profiles connected to one another at their corner points. The hollow body profiles in turn are essentially made up of three components. On the outside of the window element there is an individual profile 14, which is designed as an aluminum profile and has a cavity 15 that is filled with insulating material. On the inside of this individual profile 14 facing the window 3, both the roller shutter guide rail 16 and the bearing device 17 for the roller shutter winding roller 8 are arranged. In Figure 3, the boundary of the roller shutter box interior is

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on the outside, the cover 6 is shown. On the inside, as a further component of the side part of the element frame, there is another individual profile 18, also made of aluminum, which is identical to the first-mentioned individual profile 14 and also has a hollow space 19. The individual profiles 14 and 18 are connected to one another by a plastic profile 20. Due to its insulating properties, the plastic profile 20 prevents heat transfer between the cold outer individual profile 14 and the warm individual profile 18 on the inside of the element frame facing the interior of the house. Figure 3 also shows that the interior of the roller shutter box is closed off on the inside with the cover 5, which engages in a prepared slot 21 in the individual profile 18. In order to give the round area 22 of the wall of the cavity 19 greater elasticity, which in particular makes it easier to insert the panel 5 into the slot 21 of the individual profile 18, two notches 23 and 24 are arranged in the outside of the cavity wall. The lateral connection of the prefabricated window element is also clear from Figure 3. The window element is installed in such a way that the inner individual profile 18 is arranged adjacent to the masonry 25 of the house, whereas the individual profile 14 protrudes outwards beyond the masonry. In the example shown, thermal insulation 26 is applied to the masonry, but any other facade designs are also possible.

From Figure 3 it is also clear that the airtight seal between the masonry and the window element that is required today is ensured by a seal 28 arranged in the gap 27 between the masonry 25 and the element frame. For optical reasons, the seal 28 is additionally covered by a wall connection strip 29 that is fixed in a toothed gap 30 of the individual element 18. Before and during installation of the window element, the gap 30 can also be used to attach a protective film by inserting a clamping strip 46 into the gap 30 for attaching the protective film.

Figure 4 clearly shows the structure of the side area of the element frame in the area of the window (section line B-B in Figure 2). Here too, the element frame consists of a single profile 14 arranged on the outside with

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internal cavity 15 filled with insulating material, a second individual profile 18 with cavity 19 and an intermediate plastic profile 20. On the wall side, a plastic clamping profile 48 is attached between the aluminum profiles, which serves to lock the element frame 1 to the masonry, against which the leg 49 of the plastic clamping profile 48 comes to rest. The pressing of the leg 49 results in an additional seal between the element frame and the masonry in this area.

The window frame 31 is pressed into the aluminum profiles 14 and 18, in front of which a rectangular, thermally insulated spacer profile 32 is positioned on the outside.

The spacer profile 32 may provide space for this accessory when a fly or sun protection screen is installed. The roller shutter guide rail 16 is connected to the outside of the spacer profile 32. The wall connection in this area is identical to the structure already discussed in the explanation of Figure 3, so that reference is made to the corresponding Figure 3 at this point. Since the internal individual profile 18 in the area of the window and also in the area of the parapet below does not have to serve as a holder for the panel 5, the slot 21 shown in Figure 3 is not present in this area, so that the individual profile 18 has a further closed cavity 33. Cable guides, for example for supplying power to the roller shutter box motor and actuating elements for controlling it, can advantageously be arranged in this cavity.

A special design of the window element according to the invention provides for the use of the cavity 19 of the internal individual profile 18 as a heating and ventilation duct for transporting warm heating air when using a corresponding heating system in the form of a controlled heating and ventilation system. This heating air is introduced into the cavity of the surrounding individual profile 18 in the lower connection area of the element frame within the screed area through a suitable connection piece and flows from there up to the side of the parapet element 4 within the cavity 19. In the area of the parapet element, as can be seen from Figure 1, there are narrow longitudinal slots 34 in the individual profiles 18 through which the warmed heating air can flow out into the interior of the building. For clarification, the figure shows

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4 the slot 34 is also drawn in the area of the window, whereby it should be noted that for normal heating purposes the gap 34, as shown in Figure 1, only extends in the area of the parapet element 4. The outlet opening of the slot 34 can be varied using suitable clamping elements, so that the heating air flow flowing out into the corresponding room of a living space can be adapted to the heating requirements of the room.

The connection of the prefabricated window element according to the invention on its underside is illustrated by the sectional view in Figure 6. In this area, the element frame 1 also consists of an external individual profile 14 and an internal individual profile 18. Both are connected to one another via the plastic profile 20. The upper edge of the internal individual profile 18 ends with the upper edge of the poured screed 35. Below the individual profile 18 there is a further profile 36 which serves as an air duct to supply the air ducts located to the side of the parapet element 4. The air duct 36 has an air inlet opening 37 via which it is connected to the heating ventilation system, the ducts of which are laid within the screed area.

From Figure 6 it is clear that the plastic profile 20 is extended by further profiles 38 on the underside facing away from the parapet element or the window. Coupled to the individual profiles 14 and 18, this profile 38 has a receptacle 39 at the lower free end for a fastening element 40 screwed on to the shell. The fastening element 40 is designed as an L-shaped steel profile, and it is also clear from Figure 6 that there is a sealing strip 42 between the upwardly directed leg 41 of the fastening element 40 and the receptacle 39 arranged on the profile 38, which ensures reliable sealing of the interior from the outside, even in the floor area of the element frame.

In the case of window elements arranged one above the other in multi-storey houses, as can be seen in the upper part of Figure 5, there is a fastening element 40 in the form of the described L-shaped steel angle in the outer edge area of the floor slab 7. The upwardly directed free

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Leg 41 engages directly into a corresponding receptacle 45 of the aluminum profile 18.

Figure 7 shows the connection between the air duct 36 running in the lower horizontal area of the element frame and the vertical element frame area 19. In order to improve the flow conditions within the heating and ventilation duct, an intermediate piece 43 is arranged between the vertical cavity 19 used as a ventilation duct and the horizontal air duct 36, which ensures the flow conditions by gently deflecting the heating air flow.

Figure 8 shows a variant in which, in order to further minimize heat transport, additional offset longitudinal slots 47 are introduced into the hollow body profiles 14 and 18 in such a way that a honeycomb-shaped surface is created, thereby extending the path from the warm to the cold zone.

From the description of the exemplary embodiment, it is clear that the design of the window or door element according to the invention enables industrial prefabrication of complete prefabricated building elements with a correspondingly high quality standard, while at the same time comprehensive precautions can be taken to ensure that the interior of the house is sealed cleanly from the environment in all areas, so that uncontrolled escape of heating air and thus unnecessary waste of heat energy is avoided. In addition, the use of the window and door elements according to the invention eliminates a large number of potentially faulty trades on the construction site, which not only leads to an increase in the quality standard but also to a significant reduction in construction time and, as a result, to a reduction in construction costs.

The window element discussed in the figure description can of course easily be converted into a door element with the same high quality standards and the same comprehensive sealing options by omitting the parapet area and installing a door. In addition, the object has

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The invention offers the possibility of being comprehensively adapted by means of cladding in the parapet area as well as in the roller shutter area, depending on the design wishes of the client or architect.

Of course, it is also conceivable to produce window corner elements, bay windows or winter gardens as prefabricated compact elements.

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List of reference symbols

10

20 25 30

1. Element frame 2. Window 3. Roller shutter box 4. Parapet element 5. cover 6. cover 7. Floor ceiling 8th. Roller shutter winding roller 9. Roller shutter 10. gap 11. Sealing element 12. Sealing element 13. Insulation insert 14. Single profile 15. cavity 16. Roller shutter track 17. Storage device 18. Single profile 19. cavity 20. Plastic profile 21. slot 22. Rounding area 23. score 24. score 25. Masonry 26. Thermal insulation 27. gap 28. poetry 29. Wall connection strip 30. Tooth gap

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31. ij ti ·« Si «i &bgr;» John Schmidt 32. : J J : ' i 11 : ·* &iacgr;· · Page: 14 33. Window frame 34. Distance profile 35. cavity 36. slot 37. Screed 38. Air duct 39. Air inlet opening (connection piece) 40. profile 41. Recording 42. Fastener 43. leg 44. Sealing tape 45. Intermediate piece 46. Locking 47. Recording 48. Terminal block 49. Longitudinal slot Plastic clamping profile leg

PATENT ATTORNEY DIPLUNG. DBTlieF» BRKnDST -'BIELEFELD: :":

06.06.2000

Claims (10)

1. Prefabricated window or external door element, in particular for installation in the shell of residential buildings, with an element frame ( 1 ), at least one window ( 2 ) or an external door and a roller shutter box ( 3 ), characterized in that the window ( 2 ) and roller shutter box ( 3 ) are inserted in an airtight manner into the element frame ( 1 ), which is constructed from several interconnected aluminum hollow body profiles, and that the roller shutter box ( 3 ) has at least one insulating insert ( 13 ) which essentially takes up the entire free internal volume of the roller shutter box ( 3 ) that is not used when the roller shutter ( 9 ) is rolled up. 2. Prefabricated window or external door element according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body profiles of the element frame ( 1 ) have at least one cavity ( 15 ) with internal insulation facing the outside of the house and at least one cavity ( 19 ) facing the inside of the house, wherein an insulating layer profile ( 20 ) is arranged between the cavities. 3. Prefabricated window or external door element according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavities ( 15 , 19 ) are each arranged in an individual profile ( 14 , 18 ) and that the individual profiles ( 14 , 18 ) are connected by a plastic profile ( 20 ) arranged between them and forming the insulating layer. 4. Prefabricated window or external door element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least a partial area of the internal cavity ( 19 ) is designed as a heating and ventilation duct with air inlet opening ( 37 ) and air outlet opening ( 34 ). 5. Prefabricated window or external door element according to claim 4, characterized in that the air outlet opening ( 34 ) can be reduced in its cross-section by a regulating device. 6. Prefabricated window or external door element, characterized in that the regulating device has several inserts for arrangement within the air outlet opening ( 34 ). 7. Prefabricated window or external door element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a thermally insulated parapet element ( 4 ) is accommodated in an airtight manner in the element frame ( 1 ) below the window ( 2 ). 8. Prefabricated window or external door element according to claim 7, characterized in that the parapet element ( 4 ) has connection elements on the outside and inside for attaching different decorative covers. 9. Prefabricated window or external door element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a sealable receptacle ( 39 ) for a shell-side fastening element ( 40 ) is arranged on the lower edge of the element frame directed towards the floor. 10. Prefabricated window or external door element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that offset longitudinal slots ( 47 ) are introduced into the hollow body profiles of the element frame ( 1 ) in such a way that a honeycomb-shaped surface is created.