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DE19913775A1 - Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying - Google Patents

Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying

Info

Publication number
DE19913775A1
DE19913775A1 DE1999113775 DE19913775A DE19913775A1 DE 19913775 A1 DE19913775 A1 DE 19913775A1 DE 1999113775 DE1999113775 DE 1999113775 DE 19913775 A DE19913775 A DE 19913775A DE 19913775 A1 DE19913775 A1 DE 19913775A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
wood
semi
drying
fixing
stacking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1999113775
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Juergen Deibl
Joerg Illhardt
Hans-Joachim Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEIBL HANS JUERGEN
WALTER HANS JOACHIM
Original Assignee
DEIBL HANS JUERGEN
WALTER HANS JOACHIM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEIBL HANS JUERGEN, WALTER HANS JOACHIM filed Critical DEIBL HANS JUERGEN
Priority to DE1999113775 priority Critical patent/DE19913775A1/en
Publication of DE19913775A1 publication Critical patent/DE19913775A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00Damping wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27HBENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27H1/00Bending wood stock, e.g. boards
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/06Softening or hardening of wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/02Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The process involves subjecting the wood (preferably beech, ash and oak) in beam form with cross section 100 x 120 mm to uniform steam pressure for about six hours. The wood is stored in a machine for about 20% of its length (growing direction) and fixed so by a holding device. The process is completed by drying the stressed wood pieces in a drying chamber to a residual humidity of about 10% in the outer region of the wood.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren entsprechend dem Titel. Das Verfahren wird in der holzverarbeitenden Industrie und den holzverarbeitenden Gewerken zur Herstellung von biegbarem Holz verwendet. Das Holz läßt sich nach der Eigenschafisänderung für die Herstellung von gebogenen Holzelementen wie z. B. gebogene Holzhandläufe, Rundbögen für Fenster, gebogene Abschlußleisten u. ä. verwenden.The invention relates to a method according to the title. The procedure is in the wood processing industry and the wood processing trades for the production of bendable wood used. The wood can be changed for the Production of curved wooden elements such as B. curved wooden handrails, arches for Windows, curved end strips and. use.

Zum Stand der Technik zählen einige Verfahren die Eigenschaftsänderungen von Holzwerkstoffen betreffen. Bekannt sind diese durch beispielsweise folgende Patente: EP 0 197 674, EP 0 612 595, EP 0 622 163, EP 0 623 433, EP 0 626 240 sowie WO 82/01 504, WO 91/02 637, WO 91/09 713, WO 94/20 273, WO 95/13 908, WO 96/05 034, WO 96/26 053, WO 96/32 236, WO 97/02 936 und WO 97/40 968. Die aufgeführten Schutzrechte beschreiben die Eigenschaftsänderung hinsichtlich größerer Härte, Steifigkeit, Dichte usw., jedoch nicht die Verbesserung der Biegbarkeit von Holzelementen. Bisher werden die Holzformelemente, wie sie beispielsweise als Holzhandläufe von Spindeltreppen o. ä. zum Einsatz kommen, als dünne Holzstreifen (Laminate) in die gewünschte Form gebracht und anschließend verleimt bzw. erst verleimt und dann die Formgebung vorgenommen. Für die Formgebung von Holzlaminaten beim Verleimungsvorgang sind Geräte und Vorrichtungen bekannt wie sie beispielsweise in den nachfolgend aufgeführten Patenten dargelegt sind: EP 0 499 895 und WO 91/09 712.Some processes include the property changes of the prior art Wood materials concern. These are known, for example, from the following patents: EP 0 197 674, EP 0 612 595, EP 0 622 163, EP 0 623 433, EP 0 626 240 and WO 82/01 504, WO 91/02 637, WO 91/09 713, WO 94/20 273, WO 95/13 908, WO 96/05 034, WO 96/26 053, WO 96/32 236, WO 97/02 936 and WO 97/40 968. The listed property rights describe the property change with regard to larger ones Hardness, rigidity, density, etc., but not the improvement in the flexibility of Wooden elements. So far, the wooden moldings, such as those from Spiral staircases or the like are used as thin wooden strips (laminates) in the brought the desired shape and then glued or first glued and then the Shaping made. For the shaping of wood laminates at Gluing process devices and devices are known, such as in the The following patents are set out: EP 0 499 895 and WO 91/09 712.

Der Nachteil dieser Methoden liegt im hohen zeitlichen und personellen Aufwand bei der Verbindung und Formgebung der Schichtholzelemente. Die Laminate müssen mit Vorrichtungen, Klemmen, Schraubzwingen und Spanngurten in ihre spätere Form gebracht und dann verleimt werden. Die Spannelemente müssen bis zum Aushärten des Verbindungsstoffes an den Holzelementen verbleiben. Der Spannvorgang erfordert außerdem häufig einen hohen körperliche Kraftaufwand des Bearbeiters.The disadvantage of these methods lies in the high expenditure of time and personnel Connection and shaping of the plywood elements. The laminates must go with Devices, clamps, clamps and tension belts brought into their later form and then be glued. The clamping elements have to harden until the The lanyard remains on the wooden elements. The tensioning process also requires often a high physical exertion of the processor.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Zeitaufwand und die körperlichen Anstrengungen bei der Herstellung von Holzbiegeteilen zu verringern. Die Eigenschaften des Holzes sollen so verändert werden, daß es sich mit Hilfe von Maschinen und Vorrichtungen, wie sie auch für das Biegen von Metallteilen eingesetzt werden, plastisch verändern läßt ohne zu brechen. Dabei sollen die Holzelemente aus möglichst wenigen Einzelteilen bestehen und nach dem Biegen Ihre Form beibehalten. Die Aufgaben wurden mit vorliegender Erfindung gelöst, in dem die Biegeeigenschaften des Holzes entsprechend verändert werden. Es werden feuchte (grüne) Holzhalbzeuge, vorzugsweise Kanthölzer, aus Buche, Esche oder Eiche mit einem Querschnitt von ca. 100 × 120 mm ca. 6 Stunden gedämpft. Bei anliegendem Gleichgewichtsdampfdruck des Wassers über diesen Zeitraum ist das Holz gesättigt. Durch das Dämpfen hat sich die Druckfestigkeit des Holzes gegenüber dem trockenen Zustand um etwa 30% verringert. Nun werden die Hölzer in eine Preßvorrichtung eingespannt und in Faserrichtung um ca. 20% zusammengepreßt. Die Preßvorrichtung ist so gestaltet, daß ein Ausknicken der Kanthölzer nicht möglich ist. Als Preßstempel werden vorzugsweise Hydraulikzylinder verwendet. Beim Pressen schieben sich die Holzfasern ineinander. Die zusammengepreßten Kanthölzer werden in diesem Zustand in einer Haltevorrichtung fixiert und anschließend in einer Trockenkammer getrocknet bis die Restfeuchte des Holzes an der Oberfläche auf ca. 10% gesunken ist. Die Trockendauer wird durch das vorausgegangene Dämpfen des Holzes um ca. 5% gegenüber nicht gedämpftem Holz verringert. Das Halbzeug läßt sich nach der Trocknung spanend bearbeiten. Nach der spanenden Formgebung kann das Holzprofil im Verhältnis Profildicke (-höhe): Biegeradius von 1 : 10 gebogen werden, ohne das das Holz bricht. Dies ist möglich, weil sich das Biegeverhalten des Holzes durch das Ineinanderschieben der Holzfasern verbessert hat. Das Holzkonstruktionselement wird dann mit dem Grundkörper verleimt (z. B. bei Tischplattenumleimungen) oder mechanisch mit der Unterkonstruktion verbunden (z. B. Handläufe für Spindeltreppen).The object of the invention is to spend the time and physical effort in the Reduce manufacturing of bent wood parts. The properties of the wood are said to be so be changed so that it can be done with the help of machines and devices as they are for the bending of metal parts can be used, plastically changed without breaking. The wooden elements should consist of as few individual parts as possible and after Bend your shape. The objects were achieved with the present invention in which the bending properties of the Wood are changed accordingly. There are moist (green) semi-finished wood products, preferably squared timbers made of beech, ash or oak with a cross section of approx. 100 × 120 mm steamed for about 6 hours. When the equilibrium vapor pressure of the water is present the wood is saturated over this period. By steaming has the compressive strength of the wood reduced by about 30% compared to the dry state. Now the Wood clamped in a pressing device and in the grain direction by approx. 20% compressed. The pressing device is designed so that the squared timber buckles not possible. Hydraulic cylinders are preferably used as the ram. At the Presses push the wood fibers into each other. The squared timbers become fixed in this state in a holding device and then in a Drying chamber dried until the residual moisture on the surface of the wood is approx. 10% has dropped. The drying time is reduced by the previous steaming of the wood by approx. 5% reduced compared to non-steamed wood. The semi-finished product can be dried machining. After machining, the wood profile can be in proportion Profile thickness (height): Bending radius of 1:10 can be bent without the wood breaking. This is possible because the bending behavior of the wood is caused by pushing the Wood fiber has improved. The wooden construction element is then with the base body glued (e.g. for table top edging) or mechanically with the substructure connected (e.g. handrails for spiral staircases).

Als Vorteile der Erfindung sind im wesentlichen zu nennen:
Das Holz läßt sich nach der Behandlung stärker (mit kleinerem Radius) biegen ohne zu brechen. Nach dem Biegen verbleibt das Holz bis auf eine geringe Rückfederung in der Form. Maschinen und Vorrichtungen für das Biegen von Stahl können auch für die Holzprofile verwendet werden. Es ist möglich kleine Korrekturen vorgefertigter Teile, etwa im Biegeradius, auf der Baustelle vornehmen. Für viele Anwendungen können die aufwendigen Laminatkonstruktionen durch das kompakte Biegeholz ersetzt werden. Die Biegeholzprofile können meist in längeren Halbzeugen als Laminate angeboten werden. Bei den Holzkonstruktionen entfallen daher ein Teil der Absätze und Übergänge. Es werden keine umweltbelastenden Substanzen z. B. Klebstoffe eingesetzt.
The main advantages of the invention are:
After treatment, the wood can be bent more (with a smaller radius) without breaking. After bending, the wood remains in the shape except for a slight springback. Machines and devices for bending steel can also be used for the wooden profiles. It is possible to make small corrections to prefabricated parts, e.g. in the bending radius, on the construction site. For many applications, the complex laminate constructions can be replaced by the compact bent wood. The bent wood profiles can usually be offered as laminates in longer semi-finished products. In the wooden structures, part of the heels and transitions are therefore omitted. There are no environmentally harmful substances such. B. adhesives used.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von biegbarem Holz, das folgende Schritte umfaßt:
  • a) Dämpfen von feuchten (grünen) Holzhalbzeugen ca. 6 Stunden, insbesondere solche aus Buche, Esche und Eiche bis zur Sättigung des Holzes mit Wasser
  • b) Stauchen des Holzes in seiner Wuchsrichtung um ca. 20% in einer Maschine
  • c) Fixieren des Holzes mit einer Haltevorrichtung
  • d) Trocknung des fixierten Holzes bis zu einem Feuchtigkeitsgrad von ca. 10% im Holzaußenbereich in einer Trockenkammer.
1. A process for producing flexible wood, comprising the following steps:
  • a) Steaming damp (green) semi-finished wood products for about 6 hours, especially beech, ash and oak, until the wood is saturated with water
  • b) Compressing the wood in its direction of growth by about 20% in one machine
  • c) Fixing the wood with a holding device
  • d) Drying the fixed wood up to a moisture level of approx. 10% in the outer wood area in a drying chamber.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Kanthölzer vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen Querschnitt von etwa 120 × 100 mm haben.2. The method according to claim 1, the squared timbers preferably having a rectangular cross section of approximately 120 × 100 mm have. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stauchen des Holzes in einer Maschine mittels eines vorzugsweise mit einem oder mehreren Hydraulikzylindern betriebenen Stempels vorgenommen wird.3. The method according to claim 1, the upsetting of the wood in a machine by means of a preferably with a or several hydraulic cylinders operated stamp is made. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Kantholz zum Pressen in einer Vorrichtung aufgenommen wird, die ein Ausknicken des Holzprofiles während des Preßvorganges verhindert.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the squared timber is received for pressing in a device that a Buckling of the wooden profile prevented during the pressing process. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Kantholz nach dem Pressen in der geminderten Länge mittels einer Haltevorrichtung fixiert und in eben dieser getrocknet wird.5. The method according to claim 1, the squared timber after pressing in the reduced length by means of a Holding device fixed and dried in this.
DE1999113775 1999-03-26 1999-03-26 Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying Withdrawn DE19913775A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999113775 DE19913775A1 (en) 1999-03-26 1999-03-26 Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999113775 DE19913775A1 (en) 1999-03-26 1999-03-26 Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19913775A1 true DE19913775A1 (en) 2000-09-28

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DE1999113775 Withdrawn DE19913775A1 (en) 1999-03-26 1999-03-26 Semi-finished product making process using bendable wood, involving steaming wet semi-finished products until saturated, stacking in growth device, fixing and drying

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20120158U1 (en) 2001-12-12 2002-03-14 Janson, Manfred, 96106 Ebern Braiding material strips for the production of a flat weave or a form weave
WO2020029507A1 (en) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-13 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Method for producing density distribution-controllable compressed and densified solid wood panel

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE516801C (en) * 1927-11-10 1931-01-29 Anglo Europ Company Ltd Method and device for the constant bending of long logs
DE601162C (en) * 1929-12-13 1934-08-09 Mij Ago N V Method and device for compacting wood
DE946479C (en) * 1943-01-17 1956-08-02 Agnes Thurn Process for producing soft, pliable wood

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE516801C (en) * 1927-11-10 1931-01-29 Anglo Europ Company Ltd Method and device for the constant bending of long logs
DE601162C (en) * 1929-12-13 1934-08-09 Mij Ago N V Method and device for compacting wood
DE946479C (en) * 1943-01-17 1956-08-02 Agnes Thurn Process for producing soft, pliable wood

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JP 6-79704 A.,In: Patents Abstracts of Japan, M-1627,June 24,1994,Vol.18,No.335 *
Vom Biegen des Holzes - Patentbiegeholz. In: Holztechnik, 32.Jg., 1952, H.2, S.56,57 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20120158U1 (en) 2001-12-12 2002-03-14 Janson, Manfred, 96106 Ebern Braiding material strips for the production of a flat weave or a form weave
WO2020029507A1 (en) * 2018-08-07 2020-02-13 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Method for producing density distribution-controllable compressed and densified solid wood panel

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