DE19754107C1 - Sound absorber, for suspension from ceiling - Google Patents
Sound absorber, for suspension from ceilingInfo
- Publication number
- DE19754107C1 DE19754107C1 DE1997154107 DE19754107A DE19754107C1 DE 19754107 C1 DE19754107 C1 DE 19754107C1 DE 1997154107 DE1997154107 DE 1997154107 DE 19754107 A DE19754107 A DE 19754107A DE 19754107 C1 DE19754107 C1 DE 19754107C1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sound absorber
- plates
- foils
- absorber according
- room
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/8209—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only sound absorbing devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/99—Room acoustics, i.e. forms of, or arrangements in, rooms for influencing or directing sound
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/001—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by provisions for heat or sound insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/34—Grid-like or open-work ceilings, e.g. lattice type box-like modules, acoustic baffles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/34—Grid-like or open-work ceilings, e.g. lattice type box-like modules, acoustic baffles
- E04B9/36—Grid-like or open-work ceilings, e.g. lattice type box-like modules, acoustic baffles consisting of parallel slats
- E04B9/366—Grid-like or open-work ceilings, e.g. lattice type box-like modules, acoustic baffles consisting of parallel slats the principal plane of the slats being vertical
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
- E04B2001/8281—Flat elements mounted parallel to a supporting surface with an acoustically active air gap between the elements and the mounting surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
- E04B2001/829—Flat elements mounted at an angle, e.g. right angle, to the supporting surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
- E04B2001/8433—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with holes in their face
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
- E04B2001/8452—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with peripheral frame members
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schallabsorber mit mikroperforierten Folien oder dünnen Platten aus Kunststoff, wie er z. B. in DE 43 13 885 oder 43 15 759 oder EP 699 257 ausführlich beschrieben ist.The invention relates to a sound absorber with microperforated films or thin plastic plates, such as z. B. in DE 43 13 885 or 43 15 759 or EP 699 257 is described in detail.
Flächig an Wänden, Decken und Einrichtungsgegenständen nach Fig. 1 und 2 (jeweils (a) und (b)) angebrachte Verkleidungen absorbieren den auftreffenden Schall, wenn die Lochplatten genügend schalldurchlässig sind und entweder im Luftraum dahinter eine Füllung aus einem homogenen porösen oder faserigen Dämpfungsmaterial eingebracht oder an den Lochplatten selbst eine dünne poröse oder faserige Schicht mit geeignetem Strömungswiderstand angebracht wird. Dies ist die weit überwiegende Bauweise für Schallabsorber und Schalldämpfer für hohe Frequenzen.Surface on walls, ceilings and furniture according to FIGS. 1 and 2 (in each case (a) and (b)) attached panels absorb the incident sound when the perforated plates are sufficiently permeable to sound, and either in the air space behind a filling made of a homogeneous porous or fibrous damping material introduced or a thin porous or fibrous layer with a suitable flow resistance is attached to the perforated plates themselves. This is the predominant design for sound absorbers and silencers for high frequencies.
Das Dämpfungsmaterial kann ganz entfallen, wenn gemäß Fig. 1(c) und 2(c) die Löcher in den Lochplatten sehr klein gemacht werden DE 43 12 885 A1, EP 811 097, DE 43 15 759 C. Allerdings sollten dann nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik die Luft in den Löchern als Masse und die im Zwischenraum hinter den Lochplatten "eingeschlossene" Luft als Feder zusammen ein Masse-Feder-System, etwa nach Art eines sogenannten Helmholtz-Resonators, bilden. Dies ist eine häufig anzutreffende Bauweise für Schallabsorber, die in einem mittleren Frequenzbereich Schall schlucken sollen. Anstelle der Lochplatte oder -folie kann auch eine nicht perforierte Platte die Rolle der Masse übernehmen, nach Art eines sogen. Plattenresonators entsprechend DE 195 06 511.5, bzw. EP 811 097 oder Folien-Resonators, WO 95/25325. Die Plattenresonatoren findet man z. B. als Holzverschalungen oder Vorsatzschalen aus Gipskarton zur Absorption tieffrequenter Schallanteile.The damping material can be omitted entirely if the holes in the perforated plates are made very small according to FIGS. 1 (c) and 2 (c) DE 43 12 885 A1, EP 811 097, DE 43 15 759 C. However, according to the previous one State of the art, the air in the holes as a mass and the air "enclosed" in the space behind the perforated plates as a spring together form a mass-spring system, for example in the manner of a so-called Helmholtz resonator. This is a common construction for sound absorbers that are supposed to swallow sound in a medium frequency range. Instead of the perforated plate or film, a non-perforated plate can also take on the role of the mass, in the manner of a so-called. Plate resonators according to DE 195 06 511.5 or EP 811 097 or foil resonators, WO 95/25325. The plate resonators can be found e.g. B. as wooden cladding or facing from plasterboard to absorb low-frequency sound.
Der oben genannte Folienresonator, bzw. -absorber benötigt zur Absorption eine harte Rückwand. The above-mentioned film resonator or absorber is required for absorption a hard back wall.
Absorber nach Fig. 1(a) und 2(a) müssen sorgfältig schalldurchlässig abgedeckt werden, um einerseits die Verschmutzung bzw. Beschädigung der porösen oder faserigen Füllung und anderseits die Austragung von Partikeln aus der Füllung in den Raum hinein zu verhindern. Die dünne dämpfende Beschichtung nach Fig. 1(b) und 2(b) kann man zwar einigermaßen abriebfest machen. Es bleibt aber auch hier das Problem der Verschmutzung bei der Herstellung und Montage ebenso wie beim Luftaustausch zwischen dem Raum und dem eingeschlossenen Hohlraum. Die Lochplatten nach Fig. 1(c) und 2(c) bieten wegen der durch Schallwellen resonanzartig angeregten alternierenden Luftbewegung in den kleinen Löchern kaum eine Möglichkeit für Ablagerungen in den Löchern selbst. Auch lassen sich die mikroperforierten Platten oder Folien im eingebauten wie im ausgebauten Zustand leicht reinigen. Es bleibt aber das grundsätzliche Problem, daß durch die Perforation feiner Staub und Feuchtigkeit in den abgeschlossenen Hohlraum eindringen und sich dort über längere Zeit hin ansammeln kann.Absorbers according to FIGS. 1 (a) and 2 (a) must be carefully covered so that they are sound-permeable, on the one hand to prevent contamination or damage to the porous or fibrous filling and on the other hand to prevent particles from being carried out of the filling into the room. The thin damping coating according to Fig. 1 (b) and 2 (b) can indeed make reasonably resistant to abrasion. But here too there remains the problem of pollution during manufacture and assembly as well as in the exchange of air between the room and the enclosed cavity. The perforated plates according to FIGS. 1 (c) and 2 (c) offer hardly any possibility for deposits in the holes themselves due to the alternating air movement in the small holes, which is resonantly stimulated by sound waves. The microperforated plates or foils can also be built in or out Clean condition easily. However, the fundamental problem remains that through the perforation fine dust and moisture penetrate into the closed cavity and can accumulate there over a long period of time.
Wenn die Rückwand in Fig. 1(c) ein Außenbauteil (z. B. eine Massivwand oder ein Glasdach) ist, besteht außerdem die Gefahr, daß warme und feuchte Luft aus dem Raum dort kondensiert und so Verschmutzung und Schimmelbildung hervorrufen kann.If the rear wall in Fig. 1 (c) is an external component (e.g. a solid wall or a glass roof), there is also the risk that warm and moist air from the room will condense there and thus cause pollution and mold formation.
Unter bauphysikalisch kritischen, hygienisch anspruchsvollen oder stark verschmutzenden Bedingungen hätte ein Schallabsorber bestehend nur aus einer beidseitig von der Raumluft "umspülten" Platte oder Folie große Vorteile. Eine luft- und schallundurchlässige Platte oder Folie, frei im Raum aufgespannt, hätte aber bekanntlich keine ausreichende Schallabsorption aufzuweisen. Auch die mikroperforierte Platte oder Folie, frei im Raum aufgespannt, sollte eigentlich ebenfalls keine ausreichende Absorption verursachen, da die Luft in den Löchern nach vorherrschender Lehrmeinung nur als Teil eines Masse-Feder-Systems von auftreffenden Schallwellen resonanzartig in Bewegung versetzt werden kann. Ohne das dahinter angeordnete Luftkissen fällt es schwer, sich vorzustellen, daß senkrecht, schräg oder auch streifend auftreffende Schallwellen an nur einem winzigen Teil der praktisch schallharten Platten- oder Folienfläche (z. B. bei weniger als 1% Lochanteil) eine ausreichende Absorption vorfinden könnten.Under building physics critical, hygienically demanding or strong polluting conditions would have a sound absorber consisting only of a large plate or foil "washed around" on both sides by the ambient air Advantages. An airtight and soundproof sheet or film, free in the room spanned, but it is known that it would not have sufficient sound absorption to show. Even the micro-perforated plate or film, free in the room stretched, should also not be sufficient absorption cause because the air in the holes according to prevailing doctrine only as part of a mass-spring system of incident sound waves can be set in motion like a resonance. Without that behind it arranged air cushions, it is difficult to imagine that vertical, Sound waves striking obliquely or grazing on only a tiny one Part of the practically reverberant plate or film surface (e.g. with less than 1% perforation) could find sufficient absorption.
Da die Bauweise dieser "Resonatoren" relativ kompliziert ist und daher teuer, ist es die Aufgabe der Erfindung einen Absorber zu schaffen, der billig herzustellen ist und leicht zu reinigen, und bei dem keine Kondensation mit ihren Nachteilen auftritt.Since the construction of these "resonators" is relatively complicated and therefore expensive, It is the object of the invention to create an absorber that is cheap is easy to manufacture, and with no condensation their disadvantages.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Maßnahmen nach Anspruch 1 und 13 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Absorbers sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by the measures according to claim 1 and 13 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the absorber are in the Subclaims specified.
Entgegen allen Erwartungen wurde bei systematischen Untersuchungen an aus mikroperforierten Folien geschichtet aufgebauten Baffle-Strukturen nach Fig. 2(c), die man z. B. als sogen. Kompakt-Absorber von einer Decke oder einem Dach abzuhängen pflegt, im Hallraum festgestellt, daß auch einzelne, völlig frei im Raum nach Fig. 3 aufgespannte mikroperforierte Folien einseitig, beidseitig, senkrecht, schräg oder streifend auftreffende Schallwellen aus dem Raum, insbesondere bei höheren Frequenzen, sehr wirkungsvoll absorbieren können. Fig. 4 zeigt z. B. in Kurve 1 den im Hallraum nach DIN EN 20 354 gemessenen Absorptionsgrad für eine Anordnung von 5 mikroperforierten transparenten Folien aus Polyester mit einer Dicke von ca. 0,1 mm, Löchern von ca. 0,2 mm Durchmesser sowie einem Lochabstand von 2 mm in beiden Richtungen, wenn diese ca. 50 cm breiten Folien nach Fig. 5 senkrecht vor einer schallharten Decke oder Wand in einem ebenfalls praktisch schallharten Rahmen im Abstand von 50 cm parallel zueinander aufgespannt werden.Contrary to all expectations, systematic investigations on baffle structures according to FIG. 2 (c) built up of layers of microperforated foils were carried out, e.g. B. as a so-called. Compact absorber tends to hang from a ceiling or a roof, found in the reverberation room that even individual microperforated foils spanned freely in the room according to FIG , can absorb very effectively. Fig. 4 shows z. B. in curve 1 the degree of absorption measured in the reverberation room according to DIN EN 20 354 for an arrangement of 5 microperforated transparent polyester films with a thickness of approx. 0.1 mm, holes of approx. 0.2 mm diameter and a hole spacing of 2 5 mm in both directions, if these approximately 50 cm wide foils according to FIG. 5 are stretched parallel in front of a reverberant ceiling or wall in a likewise practically reverberant frame at a distance of 50 cm.
Wenn man zusätzlich parallel im Abstand von 10 cm zu jeder mikroperforierten Folie eine zweite, nicht perforierte Folie aufspannt, verbessert sich die Absorption der akustisch wirksamen erfindungsgemäßen Folie nicht (siehe Fig. 4 Kurve 2). Dies deutet darauf hin, daß letztere zur Entfaltung ihrer Dämpfungswirkung weder eine schallharte Rückwand noch einen wie auch immer gestalteten Hohlraum dazwischen als Luftkissen benötigt. Ersetzt man dagegen die mikroperforierten durch ungelochte Folien des gleichen Materials, so bleibt nach Kurve 3 in Fig. 4 nur eine ganz geringe Absorption übrig. Dieser Sachverhalt ist bei Würdigung des oben genannten Folienabsorbers WO 95/25325 der Anmelderin auch zu erwarten.If a second, non-perforated film is additionally stretched in parallel at a distance of 10 cm from each microperforated film, the absorption of the acoustically active film according to the invention does not improve (see FIG. 4 curve 2). This suggests that the latter does not require a hard-walled rear wall or any hollow space in between to act as an air cushion to develop its damping effect. If, on the other hand, the microperforated sheets are replaced by non-perforated sheets of the same material, only a very slight absorption remains after curve 3 in FIG. 4. This fact can also be expected when evaluating the above-mentioned film absorber WO 95/25325 by the applicant.
Eigentlich sollten die mikroperforierten Folien ohne eine Anordnung vor einer schallharten Rückwand nicht absorbieren. Nach bisherigem Verständnis der Physik der Schallabsorption kommt eine Absorption nur bei der Resonatoranordnung zustande, wo der Masse-Feder -effekt zum Tragen kommt. Eine physikalische Erklärung für die Schallabsorption der mikroperforierten Folien ist - zur Zeit jedenfalls - durch die Anmelderin nicht möglich. Aus diesen Gründen ist es völlig überraschend, daß mit den erfindungsgemäßen Schallabsorbern überhaupt eine nennenswerte Schallabsorption und somit eine Lärmminderung möglich ist.Actually, the microperforated foils should be without an arrangement in front of one Do not absorb the reverberant rear wall. According to the previous understanding of the Sound absorption physics only comes at the absorption Resonator arrangement occurs where the mass-spring effect to bear is coming. A physical explanation for the sound absorption of the microperforated foils is - at least for the time being - by the applicant possible. For these reasons, it is completely surprising that with the sound absorbers according to the invention at all worth mentioning Sound absorption and thus noise reduction is possible.
Fig. 6 zeigt die Absorption der Folie, im Abstand von 25 cm aufgespannt (Kurve 1), im Vergleich zu einem dicht gewobenen Vorhangstoff (Kurve 2) in gleicher Anordnung. Man kann den Absorptionsgrad von erfindungsgemäßen Folien in wandnormaler Anordnung weiter erhöhen, indem man entweder ihre Breite auf über 50 cm erhöht oder den Abstand zwischen den parallel gespannten Folien verkleinert (s. Fig. 7). Der Absorptionsgrad steigt zwar bis zu einem Abstand von 17,5 cm, auch bei hohen Frequenzen, nicht über ca. 0,5 an, dafür bieten die neuartigen Absorber aber einige wesentliche technologische Vorteile für Anwendungen vor allem in Räumen mit hohen Anforderungen an Hygiene und Transparenz des Raumes und seiner Begrenzungsflächen. Fig. 6 shows the absorption of the film, spread at a distance of 25 cm (curve 1), in comparison to a tightly woven curtain fabric (curve 2) in the same arrangement. The degree of absorption of films according to the invention in a wall-normal arrangement can be increased further either by increasing their width to over 50 cm or by reducing the distance between the parallel stretched films (see FIG. 7). The degree of absorption increases up to a distance of 17.5 cm, even at high frequencies, not above about 0.5, but the new absorbers offer some significant technological advantages for applications, especially in rooms with high hygiene and requirements Transparency of the room and its boundary surfaces.
Für diese neuartige Bauweise von Schallabsorbern, die fast beliebig dünn
(0.05 bis 5 mm dick) sein kann, und prinzipiell ohne Dämpfungsmaterial,
Hohlräume, Rahmen oder Kassettierungen auskommt, und nur aus frei
aufgespannten ebenen, durchhängenden, gekrümmten oder beliebig
gefalteten mikroperforierten Folien, Blechen oder Platten aus beliebigen
Materialien (z. B. Kunststoff, Metallen, Hölzern) besteht, gibt es erhebliche
Vorteile gegenüber den herkömmlichen Schallabsorbern hinsichtlich:
For this new construction of sound absorbers, which can be almost arbitrarily thin (0.05 to 5 mm thick) and basically does without damping material, cavities, frames or cassettes, and only from freely stretched flat, sagging, curved or arbitrarily folded microperforated foils, sheets or panels made of any material (e.g. plastic, metal, wood), there are significant advantages over conventional sound absorbers in terms of:
- 1. Raumbedarf1. Space requirements
- 2. Gewicht2. Weight
- 3. Verschmutzungen3. Soiling
- 4. Austragungen4. Conferences
- 5. Brandschutz5. Fire protection
- 6. Hygiene6. Hygiene
- 7. Flexibilität7. Flexibility
- 8. Mobilität8. Mobility
- 9. Portabilität9. Portability
- 10. architektonischer Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten10. Architectural design options
Insbesondere wenn die mikroperforierten Bauteile aus transparenten Materialien hergestellt werden, bieten sie vielfältige neue Möglichkeiten für die Gestaltung der Raumakustik und des technischen Schallschutzes. Nur wenn hohe Absorption auch bei mittleren und tiefen Frequenzen angestrebt wird, sind entweder sehr große Mengen und Bautiefen erforderlich oder eine Kombination mit ausgesprochenen Tiefen-Absorbern zu empfehlen, so wie dies von der konventionellen Praxis her bekannt ist.Especially when the micro-perforated components are made of transparent materials are manufactured, they offer diverse new Possibilities for the design of the room acoustics and the technical Soundproofing. Only if high absorption even at medium and low Frequencies sought are either very large quantities and depths required or a combination with pronounced depth absorbers recommend, as is known from conventional practice.
Die Bauteile eignen sich, besonders in ihren transparenten Varianten, ausgezeichnet für nachträglich vorzunehmende raumakustische Verbesserungen. Sie kommen mit ihren glatten, praktisch geschlossenen Oberflächen und ihrer Leichtbauweise aktuellen Trends im Innenausbau entgegen: Sie lassen sich als Akustik - Module vor Glasbauteilen, zwischen Leuchten und Kanälen phantasievoll anordnen, ohne das architektonische Erscheinungsbild von Bauteilen mit ihren bewußt gestalteten Oberflächen zu zerstören. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Raumauskleidungen mit z. B. Mineralwolle hinter Lochplatten nach Fig. 1(a) werden mit den frei aufgespannten, allseitig luftumspülten mikroperforierten Bauteilen auch keine bauphysikalischen Probleme geschaffen, weil z. B. vor Außenbauteilen keine u. U. schädlichen Temperaturgradienten aufgebaut werden und innen liegende Massivbauteile z. B. als Speichermassen zur passiven Nutzung von solarer Energie erhalten bleiben.The components, particularly in their transparent versions, are excellent for subsequent room acoustic improvements. With their smooth, practically closed surfaces and their lightweight construction, they meet current trends in interior design: They can be imaginatively arranged as acoustic modules in front of glass components, between lights and channels, without destroying the architectural appearance of components with their consciously designed surfaces. In contrast to conventional room linings with e.g. B. mineral wool behind perforated plates according to Fig. 1 (a) with the freely clamped, air-circulated micro-perforated components on all sides no physical problems are created because z. B. in front of external components no u. U. harmful temperature gradients are built up and internal solid components such. B. are retained as storage masses for the passive use of solar energy.
Die Folien, Bleche oder Platten können beliebig im Raum angeordnet sein: frei hängend, oder in einem dünnen Rahmen mehr oder weniger gespannt, was optisch besser erscheint, parallel zu den Wänden oder schräg im Raum, sternförmig oder unregelmäßig oder regelmäßig kassettiert, beliebig gekrümmt. Für Sprachlabors oder Reinigungszwecke könnte es geeignet sein, die Schallabsorber -aufhänger in Schienen zu führen wie in Fig. 8 dargestellt, um die Schallabsorber verschieben zu können, z. B. weg vom Fenster oder zu bündeln oder um die Schallabsorption im Raum nach eigenen Wünschen beeinflussen zu können.The foils, sheets or plates can be arranged anywhere in the room: hanging freely, or more or less stretched in a thin frame, which appears better, parallel to the walls or at an angle in the room, star-shaped or irregular or regularly cassette-shaped, arbitrarily curved. For language laboratories or cleaning purposes, it could be suitable to guide the sound absorber hangers in rails as shown in FIG. 8 in order to be able to move the sound absorbers, e.g. B. away from the window or to bundle or to be able to influence the sound absorption in the room as desired.
Eine gefaltete Anordnung gemäß Fig. 8 kann unter Umständen den Schallabsorber verbilligen, da längere Bahnen von z. B. Folien verwendet werden können.A folded arrangement according to FIG. 8 can under certain circumstances make the sound absorber cheaper, since longer webs of, for. B. foils can be used.
Die möglichen Ausformungen der Bauteile sind derart vielgestaltig, daß Architekten, Bauherren und Akustiker viele neue Lösungen für Probleme z. B. mit Beschallungsanlagen, störenden Reflexionen und mit der Raumakustik oder auch mit Geräuschpegeln in Werkhallen finden können. Pegel und Nachhallzeiten in geschlossenen Räumen bleiben zwar in gewohnter Weise von der eingebrachten effektiven Absorptionsfläche abhängig. Im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verkleidungen und Kompakt-Ab sorbern nach Fig. 1 und 2 wird dieser in Quadratmetern ausgedrückte, die Akustik bestimmende Parameter mit besonders geringem Bauvolumen durch die erfindungsgemäßen Akustik-Elemente erreichbar. The possible shapes of the components are so varied that architects, builders and acousticians have many new solutions to problems such. B. with public address systems, disturbing reflections and with the room acoustics or with noise levels in workshops. Levels and reverberation times in closed rooms depend in the usual way on the effective absorption surface introduced. In comparison to conventional cladding and compact absorbers according to FIGS . 1 and 2, this is expressed in square meters and determines the parameters determining the acoustics with a particularly small construction volume by the acoustic elements according to the invention.
Fig. 1 Raumakustische Verkleidung nach dem Stand der Technik für Wände
und Decken:
Fig. 1 Room acoustic cladding according to the prior art for walls and ceilings:
- (a) Lochplatte mit mehr als 15% Lochanteil - Hohlraum mit porösem oder faserigem Dämpfungsmaterial gefüllt(a) Perforated plate with more than 15% perforation - cavity with porous or fibrous damping material
- (b) Lochplatte wie (a) - mit einem porösen oder faserigen Material dünn beschichtet(b) Perforated plate like (a) - with a porous or fibrous material thinly coated
- (c) Mikroperforierte Lochplatte oder -folie mit ca. 1% Lochanteil nach PCT 699257 DE 43 15 759 und PCT 43 12 885 - ohne Dämpfungsmaterial im Hohlraum(c) Microperforated perforated plate or film with approx. 1% perforation according to PCT 699257 DE 43 15 759 and PCT 43 12 885 - without Damping material in the cavity
Fig. 2 Von der Decke abgehängte Kompakt-Absorber nach dem Stand der
Technik:
Fig. 2 Compact absorbers suspended from the ceiling according to the prior art:
- (a) Lochplatte mit mehr als 15% Lochanteil - Hohlraum mit porösem oder faserigem Dämpfungsmaterial gefüllt(a) Perforated plate with more than 15% perforation - cavity with porous or fibrous damping material
- (b) Lochplatte wie (a) - mit einem porösen oder faserigen Material dünn beschichtet(b) Perforated plate like (a) - with a porous or fibrous material thinly coated
- (c) Mikroperforierte Lochplatten oder -folien mit ca. 1% Lochanteil nach PCT 699 257 DE 43 15 759 ohne Dämpfungsmaterial im Hohlraum(c) Microperforated perforated plates or foils with approx. 1% perforation according to PCT 699 257 DE 43 15 759 without damping material in cavity
Fig. 3 Erfindungsgemäße mikroperforierte Platten ohne eingeschlossenes Luftkissen zwischen Loch platte und Wand oder Decke wie in Fig. 1 bzw. zwischen zwei Lochplatten wie in Fig. 2 Fig. 3 according to the invention micro-perforated plates without entrapped air cushion between the perforated plate and the wall or ceiling as shown in Fig. 1 or between two perforated plates as shown in Fig. 2
Fig. 4 Schallabsorptionsgrad für frei aufgespannte ebene Folien im Abstand
B = 50 cm nach Bild 5
Fig. 4 Sound absorption level for freely stretched flat foils at a distance of B = 50 cm according to Fig. 5
- 1. mikroperforierte Folie allein1. microperforated film alone
- 2. mikroperforierte und unperforierte Folien im Abstand von 10 cm2. micro-perforated and non-perforated films at a distance of 10 cm
- 3. unperforierte Folie allein3. imperforate film alone
Fig. 5 Senkrecht zu einer reflektierenden Fläche frei aufgespannte erfindungsgemäße mikroperforierte Folien-Absorber Fig. 5 perpendicular to a reflective surface freely spanned micro-perforated film absorber according to the invention
Fig. 6 Schallabsorptionsgrad von erfindungsgemäßen Folien im Vergleich zu
demjenigen eines dicht gewobenen, schweren Vorhangstoffes
Fig. 6 sound absorption level of films according to the invention compared to that of a tightly woven, heavy curtain fabric
- 1. mikroperforierte Folie1. microperforated film
- 2. Stoff2. Fabric
Fig. 7 Einfluß des Abstands zwischen parallel angeordneten
erfindungsgemäßen Folien
Fig. 7 Influence of the distance between parallel films according to the invention
- 1. B = 52,5 cm1. W = 52.5 cm
- 2. B = 50 cm2. W = 50 cm
- 3. B = 33 cm3. W = 33 cm
- 4. B = 25 cm4. W = 25 cm
- 5. B = 17 cm5. W = 17 cm
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997154107 DE19754107C1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1997-12-05 | Sound absorber, for suspension from ceiling |
| PCT/EP1998/007779 WO1999029979A1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1998-11-30 | Sound absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997154107 DE19754107C1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1997-12-05 | Sound absorber, for suspension from ceiling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19754107C1 true DE19754107C1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
Family
ID=7850930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997154107 Expired - Lifetime DE19754107C1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 1997-12-05 | Sound absorber, for suspension from ceiling |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19754107C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999029979A1 (en) |
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| DE19939482A1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-01 | Helmut W Diedrichs | Heat shield for motor vehicles |
| WO2001071116A1 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-27 | Newmat, S.A. | Flexible sheet fabrics for tensile structures, method for making same, tensile false ceilings comprising same |
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| WO2002020307A1 (en) | 2000-09-09 | 2002-03-14 | Hp-Chemie Pelzer Research And Development Ltd. | Floor covering with improved soundproofing properties |
| DE10044761A1 (en) * | 2000-09-09 | 2002-04-18 | Hp Chem Pelzer Res & Dev Ltd | Soundproofing floor covering for the inside of vehicles, consists of a (non) textile surface connected to an existing floor covering using a micro-perforated film |
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| DE102005045702A1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-22 | Strähle, Werner | Absorption module for vertically oriented installation in e.g. living room, has absorption chamber filled with absorption material for absorption of sound waves, where absorption chamber is implemented without sound-hard materials |
| FR2917045A1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-12 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Structure for motor vehicle, has double wall structure comprising perforated or micro perforated wall integrated and spaced apart from acoustically sealing envelope wall in manner to absorb noise propagated in vehicle passenger compartment |
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| WO2010145997A1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-12-23 | Mehler Texnologies Gmbh | Textile flat structure having microchannels |
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| DE102010035431A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Entwicklungsgesellschaft für Akustik (EfA) mit beschränkter Haftung | Broadband sound absorber |
| EP2544177A2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Sound absorber made of mechanically flexible blades |
| DE102011078935A1 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Highly absorptive sound insulation component, in particular for the motor vehicle interior |
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| US8999509B2 (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2015-04-07 | Cpfilms Inc. | Weather resistant exterior film composite |
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| DE202014009761U1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-03-07 | Haufe Deckensysteme Gmbh | Slat and ceiling and / or wall cladding hereby |
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| DE202019100146U1 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-28 | Eichhorn Verwaltungs Gmbh | acoustic arrangement |
| US20210207368A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2021-07-08 | Knoll, Inc. | Noise reduction apparatus and method of making and using the same |
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| AT413406B (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2006-02-15 | Holzindustrie Leitinger Ges M | SOUND ABSORBING ELEMENT |
| US8839590B1 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2014-09-23 | FF Walls, LLC | Acoustical grid and method of use |
| CN107039027A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-08-11 | 陈宏远 | Timbre optimized resonator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999029979A1 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
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