DE19753705A1 - Concrete slab grooving procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

The groove (1) sectors (2) not undercut are milled out before the undercut groove sectors (3) in separate stages, using milling rollers for the first, not undercut sectors and angled milling tools or disc cutters for the undercut sectors of the groove. The grooves can be cut at the same time by linked milling tools, forming slits in the section in which the flowing concrete for the plate is pre-formed or milled out once set. The parallel undercut grooves in the plate (4) take elastically deforming profiles for the rails, with groove formwork lined up and concreted into the plate or plate holes. A mobile bearer straddling both grooves carries an adjustable positioner and two milling tools for simultaneous grooving, plus an adjuster to move the positioner relative the bearer and align the tools, e.g. Milling rollers and cutting discs for the non-undercut and undercut groove sectors.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing in parallel other extending grooves according to the preamble of claim 1 or 7. Next The present invention relates to a ballastless superstructure for a track the preamble of claim 15. In addition, the present invention relates to a Device for producing two grooves running parallel to one another in accordance with the preamble of claim 16 and 18. Finally, the present Er Finding a formwork element for the production of grooves according to the preamble of Claim 19.

The present invention is generally concerned with the manufacture of insbe special parallel, undercut grooves in a concrete slab that ins special of a recording of elastically deformable profile elements and in this insertable track rails to form a ballastless superstructure for a track to serve. Such a superstructure is known from DE-A-196 04 887.

In a ballastless superstructure according to DE-A-196 04 887, the track seemed only from profile elements made of elastically deformable material hold. For this purpose, each track rail has a rail designed as an insertion foot foot on, which is provided with undercut counter or abutment surfaces. The Track rail is with the plug-in foot and the subsequent, the slide rail head-supporting rail web in an adapted rail groove of the profile element plugged in. The track rail is inserted by counter surfaces of the Secured profile elements that abut the counter surfaces of the insertion foot. Further the track rail is fixed in position by the profile element on both sides ten of the rail web and on the underside of the rail head as well as given if it bears against the side of the rail head, so that the track rail is held in a defined manner.

The profile element is in turn the best in a preferably made of concrete embedded plate supporting the profile element with the track rail. For this the concrete slab has an open top that runs in the longitudinal direction of the rail Groove to accommodate the profile element. A simple and safe definition of the Profile element in the groove is achieved in that the groove undercut from has cuts in which a correspondingly widened insertion end of the Profilele  intervenes. In particular, the track rail, the profile element and the Groove coordinated so that the insertion foot of the track rail into widened insertion end of the profile element extends, so that the insertion foot Profile element at its insertion end into the undercut sections of the groove presses or prestresses, so that the profile element in the groove when the track is inserted rail is held securely.

At the open end, the groove receiving the profile element is in the concrete slab Formation of preferably slightly inclined bearing surfaces widened on which the profile element as an intermediate layer between the underside of the rail head and supports the bearing surfaces.

With the aforementioned superstructure, the track rails are correctly aligned a highly accurate formation of the grooves in the concrete slab is crucial. Since preferably two parallel track rails from a common loading clay plate must be kept continuously at least over a certain distance about the shape accuracy of each groove for receiving a profile element from the grooves both in their relative position to each other and in their absolute Position to be highly precisely aligned or formed.

In previous ballastless superstructures for track bodies - so-called solid roadways - are longitudinal grooves in one made of asphalt or concrete, for example existing base course only for fixing concrete lying on top sleepers (monoblock or two-block sleepers) transverse to the rails provided longitudinal extension, such as DE-U-94 15 311 shows. The However, track rails are each on sleepers and separate rails store stored. As a result, the accuracy requirements for the longitudinal grooves are here much lower than the superstructure described above.

The state of the art gives no information on how to produce undercuts Grooves in a concrete slab, especially with the required accuracy, ver can become real.  

The present invention has for its object a method, a sheet terless superstructure, a device and a formwork element, as mentioned at the beginning, specify a highly accurate manufacture of preferably at least two parallel grooves with undercut sections in a concrete slab in the simplest possible, cost-effective manner and in particular enable continuous production on site.

The above object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 or 7, a sheet 18, a device according to claim 16 or 18 and a formwork element according to claim 19 each solved. Advantageous training Applications are the subject of the subclaims.

According to a first preferred method variant, the undercuts are not NEN sections and the undercut sections of the grooves in separate steps ten in the hardened concrete slab or milled into the concrete slab. Preferential first, the non-undercut sections of the grooves are shown for example using cylindrical milling cutters, milled into the concrete slab. Then ßend the undercut sections of the grooves, for example by means of ge inclined milling or cutting discs milled or cut into the concrete slab. At After the cutting process, there may be a need for lengthways stops cuts to concrete material removed, for example, by breaking and clearing; the If necessary, grooves are re-profiled and, for example, by vacuuming cleared of loose material.

Instead of, for example, the milling or Cutting disks for generating the undercut groove sections can also be a End mills with either the longitudinal or vertical direction of rotation point axis can be used. In addition or alternatively, the groove wall can also be made by Water jet can be cut (after).

In any case, the sequential processing or manufacturing enables of the undercut sections and the undercut sections Use of at least relatively simple tools and a ra tional, rapid work with high accuracy.  

The effort involved in the precise milling out or re-milling of the grooves can be be reduced dramatically if the grooves with a reduced, for example only slot-shaped or T-shaped groove cross-section in the still flowable against the concrete of the concrete slab, for example when producing the concrete slab with a Slipform paver or shortly thereafter, preformed and / or after solidification of the concrete are roughly pre-milled. Depending on the tolerance of the preforming, a Recut the groove walls to the desired size.

The result is a particularly simple and precisely producible ballast-free superstructure for a track if the undercut section of the groove, at least in the area of undercut groove wall, essentially trapezoidal in cross section is formed that the oblique groove wall of the undercut section through inclined milling or cutting disks, as described above, can be produced. For this purpose, the inclination of the oblique groove wall of the undercut section to the center plane of an adjoining slot-shaped section of the groove less than that of the longitudinal edge at the transition from the oblique groove wall to the slit-shaped section and the diagonally opposite section bevel defined top edge of the slit-shaped section.

A particularly advantageous device, in particular for carrying out one of the The aforementioned method for producing at least two parallel to each other running grooves with undercut sections in a concrete slab itself by a movable support device, one carried and relative to it adjustable positioning device with all necessary milling devices for simultaneous milling of the two grooves in the concrete slab and an adjusting device device for adjusting the positioning device relative to the support device for ge common alignment of the milling equipment. By arranging the for the Production of the two grooves required milling devices on a common the same supporting frame of the positioning device and its correct positioning with The adjustment device is a simple and highly parallel production of the grooves.  

All milling devices required for producing a groove are preferably like a cylindrical milling cutter and correspondingly inclined milling or cutting discs and / or other cutting, profiling and broaching devices in the longitudinal direction Extension successively in the area of each groove to be produced on the device arranged so that the common adjustment is already for a highly accurate Positioning of the devices producing or machining the two grooves can suffice and only afterwards depending on tool wear directions for the individual facilities must be provided.

A second preferred process variant for the production of preferably min at least two mutually parallel grooves with undercut section ten in a concrete slab is characterized in that the grooves forming Formwork elements aligned and when concreting the concrete slab or in Aus of the concrete slab are concreted. This procedure allows one several variations possible.

According to one design variant, the formwork elements are placed in front of the concrete kidney of the concrete slab or concreting on a solid, in particular asphalt substructure correctly aligned and fixed in its position. Preferably formwork elements from ei which form grooves running in parallel ner common, detachable holder device or positioning device simultaneously positioned in the desired position and preferably by screwing or Dowelling fixed on the substructure in its aligned position. Then who which the formwork elements are concreted in. They remain in the form of lost formwork Concrete slab and form the wall of the grooves.

Another embodiment provides that the formwork elements from one detachable holding device or positioning device at least roughly, preferably two They are kept exactly aligned and then concreted in. Here is the manufacturer Development effort is particularly low because the formwork elements are fixed in place concreting is not required. For the production of two parallel ones Grooves can be used to simultaneously position the corresponding formwork element elements use the aforementioned detachable holding device or positioning device be det. In addition, with only rough alignment and / or to ensure  the required accuracy of alignment after concreting the Scha elements and before the concrete solidifies, a further alignment or Fine alignment is done.

Alternatively, the formwork elements are only made after concreting the concrete slab placed in the not yet hardened (still flowable) concrete, in particular by shaking and in particular in pairs by means of a common positioning direction. The formwork elements can be placed in the flowable concrete by roughly pre-forming corresponding grooves in the concrete, for example by corresponding displacement elements attached to a slipform paver, take place in order to facilitate the subsequent introduction of the formwork elements and only a small displacement of concrete is required when placing do.

After concreting, the formwork element can be recalibrated elements, especially in pairs at the same time by means of a common positioning direction, to ensure precise alignment.

For holding, positioning and / or aligning the formwork elements of two parallel grooves are provided a device that a two grooves spanning, in particular movable support device, one of them supported and relatively adjustable positioning device with two holding devices to detachably hold two of the two grooves forming the concrete slab formwork elements to be concreted and an adjusting device for adjusting tion of the positioning device relative to the support device for common alignment device of the two formwork elements. This device allows for simple em construction and low costs high productivity and precise alignment the formwork elements.

Different types of formwork elements can be used. According to one preferred embodiment variant, each formwork element is made in several parts, wherein the formwork element a the undercut sections of a groove at least partially forming upper part and at least the undercut Ab cuts this groove forming, in particular by detachable with the upper part  connectable lower part. With this combined formwork element, this will be Upper part after sufficient hardening of the concrete, but before one final hardening from the groove, leaving the lower part at least in the undercut sections of the groove removed. Here is the with Concrete contact surface of the upper part preferably made of metal, ins special steel, whereby a special, to reduce the pull-out resistance for example, coating of the surface consisting of Teflon is preferred. That provided, for example, with a longitudinal groove for plugging onto the upper part The lower part is preferably made of a relatively soft material and is only destroyed after the concrete has solidified or hardened with destruction Groove removed. This results in a relatively small effort multiple groove production.

Alternatively, the formwork element can also be used as a lost formwork Concrete slab or corresponding recesses in the concrete slab form and the wall of the groove to be produced. For example, a Desired groove shape, relatively thin-walled but sufficient Dimensionally stable formwork element from a sliding board that produces the concrete slab ready-to-install co-installed and then still flowing capable concrete by an appropriate, especially as mentioned above formed positioning device along for example in the formwork element sliding positioning shoes are precisely aligned.

Alternatively or in addition, the formwork element can have a thicker wall thickness a reduced and / or different, for example slit-shaped or Have T-shaped groove cross-section, so that a dimension after solidification of the concrete precise processing of the formwork element to produce the desired groove cross-section with precise alignment is made possible. This has the advantage that at appropriate choice of materials for the formwork element a relatively fold, inexpensive and accurate groove production is made possible. Here, the Reworking the surface of the formwork element, especially the first one Machining process already explained when milling and / or cutting the groove correspond to the concrete slab, whereby again at least partially tra  pez-shaped design of the undercut portion of the groove as special represents in part.

The present invention is more preferred below with reference to the drawing Exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. It shows:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a concrete slab with a proposed groove, an inserted profile element and an inserted track rail.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the groove according to FIG. 1 during a manufacturing step;

. Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig 2 cross-section of a groove with modified groove;

Figure 4 is a groove with a groove cross section in the production of other by means of a milling cutter.

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a device for simultaneous milling two parallel grooves;

FIG. 6 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 5;

Figure 7 is a section of a formwork element according to a first embodiment form transverse to its longitudinal extent.

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a device for simultaneous Po sitioning two parallel formwork elements;

Fig. 9 shows a section of a formwork element according to a second embodiment approximately transverse to its longitudinal extent;

FIG. 10 is a section of a formwork element according to a third form of execution transversely to its longitudinal extent; and

Fig. 11 shows a section of a formwork element according to a fourth embodiment approximately to its longitudinal extent.

Fig. 1 shows in a section transverse to the longitudinal extent of a proposed groove 1 , which is provided with non-undercut sections 2 and undercut sections 3 in the region of the closed end and is formed in a section of concrete plate 4 only. An elastically deformable profile element 5 is inserted into the groove 1 , which has a longitudinally extending rail groove 6 , into which a track rail 7 is inserted to form a ballastless superstructure 8 for a track. The track rail 7 has a rail foot 9 designed as an insertion foot, which is connected to a rail head 11 via a rail width 10 which is reduced in comparison with this. When the track rail 7 is inserted, the insertion foot 9 is located essentially in the region of the undercut sections 3 arranged at the closed end of the groove 1 , so that the profiled element 5 is clamped by the insertion foot 9 in the region of the undercut sections 3 of the groove 1 , whereby both the track rail 7 and the profile element 5 are held in the groove 1 .

Parallel to that shown in Fig. 1 slot 1, a further corresponding groove, not shown, extends with a preferably mirror-symmetrical groove cross section in the loading audio disk 4, and maintains a further track rail, also not shown, 7. Both track rails form a track for a rail track, in particular for a High speed train.

The lower corners of the trapezoidal undercut can also be chamfered, for example, according to the dashed lines. With corresponding ge faster and / or at least tapered in the insertion direction of the Profilele element 5 , its insertion into the groove 1 is significantly simplified.

The sectional view of FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment for Her position of a groove 1 in the concrete slab 4. After solidification of the concrete to the next, the non-undercut portions 2 of the groove 1 and possibly also surface portions of the concrete slab 4 by means of a not shown, for example, roller-shaped cutter milled out or cut out. In FIG. 2, the sections 2 and 2 F, which have already been removed and not undercut, are shown in dash-dot lines. Subsequently, at least at the closed end of the groove, so arranged in upwardly open groove 1 at the groove bottom, undercut Ab are sections 3 by means of a milling or cutting disc 12, the example of FIG. 2 or 3 is inclined, milled or cut out. Fig. 2 shows this with a substantially symmetrical undercut of the groove 1 for one side, a corresponding processing follows the other side. Depending on the desired cross-sectional shape of the groove 1 , the machining tool or the disk 12 can be peripherally beveled, for example, according to one of the dashed lines.

Other optionally provided undercut sections 3 'of the groove 1 can be milled out accordingly.

Depending on the thickness or milling or cutting width of the disk 12 or another tool, when cutting or re-cutting the undercut sections 3, fixed, longitudinal sections 13 of Be material remain, as shown in Fig. 3. These sections 13 are then removed in a subsequent profiling step, for example by breaking, and in the subsequent clearing of the groove 1 , for example by suctioning off loose material.

In contrast to FIG. 2, the cross section of the groove 1 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 is mirror-symmetrical to the vertical center plane 14 . However, in both cases the undercut sections 3 are at least partially essentially triangular in cross section or, taken together, are trapezoidal, which enables the aforementioned simple manufacture.

Fig. 3 illustrates that the inclination α of the oblique groove wall of the undercut NEN section 3 to the central plane 14 of a slot-shaped section 15 adjoining the undercut section 3 is less than that of the longitudinal edge 16 at the transition from the oblique groove wall to the slot-shaped section 15 and is the bevel 18 defined in cross section diagonally opposite, on the upper side longitudinal edge 17 . This design enables the use of inclined tools, such as the disk 12 , for the production or machining of the oblique groove wall in the undercut section 3.

Fig. 4 shows the groove 1 with an alternative cross-sectional shape in which a circular in cross-section an undercut section 3 to the closed side of the groove 1 towards adjoins the at least substantially slit-shaped portion 15. After the non-undercut sections 2 have been milled out of the concrete slab 4 , optionally also the non-undercut sections 2 of the groove 1 extending between the undercut sections 3 , as already described in connection with the embodiment variant according to FIG. 2, the undercut sections become cuts 3 by means of a device 20 having at the lower end a rotatable about an extending in the longitudinal direction of the groove 1 axis of rotation, finger-like milling tool 21 , milled out. Through continuous movement of the device 20 in the longitudinal direction of the groove, the undercut sections 3 of the groove 1 in the concrete slab 4 are produced or reworked to size by the rotating tool 21 .

Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a Vorrich device 22 for the production of two mutually parallel grooves 1 with cut-out sections 3 in a concrete slab 4 according to one of the methods described above. The device 22 comprises a support device 23, preferably spanning the two grooves 1 to be produced , with a chassis 24 which is supported on the concrete slab 4 or another base or on aligned rails, so that the device 22 can be moved ver in the longitudinal direction of the slot. The support device 23 carries a positioning device 25 , which comprises a common support frame 26 for at least two milling devices 27 for simultaneously milling out or machining the two grooves 1 . The Fräseinrich lines 27 are accordingly offset transversely to the longitudinal extent of the grooves 1 on the support frame 26 .

Furthermore, the device 22 includes a schematically indicated Verstelleinrich device 28 , by means of which the support frame 26 together with the milling devices 27 both in the horizontal and vertical direction and with respect to at least one vertical axis can be rotated and tilted relative to the milling device en 27 so to position that the grooves 1 can be milled, cut or machined in any other way to the desired degree. For this purpose, the adjusting device 28 includes, in particular, a control device (not shown) for the exact positioning of the support frame 26 and thus the processing devices and tools. Furthermore, the correct position of the grooves 1 or the milling devices 27 is controlled or checked and, if necessary, corrected by means of precision measurements or precision levels and corresponding actuation of the device 22 , in particular the adjusting device 28 .

In the illustration of FIG. 5, the front milling device 27 and nachge on both sides in the groove longitudinal direction arranged Milling devices 27 are omitted for purposes of illustration on the right side.

The schematic illustrations of FIG. 5 and 6 it can be seen that the Posi tioniereinrichtung 25 and the support frame 26 via at least one, here schematically, indicated joint 29 is connected to the support means 23 and the adjusting 28th In particular, the positioning device 25 by means of the adjusting device 28, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS . 5 and 6, can be adjusted relative to the supporting device 23 in a variety of ways, so that a correspondingly high adjustment and adjustment of the machining tools or the milling devices 27 is possible Location and shape accuracy of the grooves to be produced 1 he can be reached. In particular, the absolute position of each groove 1 , its spatial profile and the relative position of the grooves 1 with respect to one another can be predetermined by corresponding adjustability of the device 22 . Particular attention is paid to the distance of the grooves 1 , the height of each groove, the tilt of the individual grooves 1 with respect to their longitudinal extent and the spatial, possibly curvilinear, longitudinal course of each groove 1 and their parallelism to one another.

Fig. 6 shows the device 22 of FIG. 5 in a side view transverse to the longitudinal extension of the grooves 1 and thus transverse to the machining direction. Fig. 6 illustrates that a plurality of milling devices 27 or a plurality of processing tools of a milling device 27 are arranged one behind the other in the machining direction on the common support frame 26 , with, for example, each groove 1 at least one cylindrical milling cutter 30 , and two disk-type milling cutters 31 , which are plane with respect to the aforementioned means 14 are oppositely inclined, as indicated by the milling or cutting discs 12 according to FIGS. 2 and 3, are assigned.

The device 22 is preferably designed to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the groove or in the direction of groove production, as indicated by arrow 32 in FIG. 6, so that continuous machining or production of the grooves 1 can take place.

The device 22 allows a continuous, dimensionally accurate and simultaneous processing or production of two parallel grooves 1st Due to the common support frame 26 of the milling devices 27 , a particularly precise position of the two grooves 1 relative to one another is achieved with little effort. This results in a simple and inexpensive manufacture of the grooves 1 , so that a simple and inexpensive manufacture of a ballastless superstructure 8 for a track is also made possible.

Fig. 7 shows in a section transverse to the longitudinal extension of a first embodiment of a formwork element 33 , which comprises a longitudinal profile 34 corresponding to the desired groove profile with arranged at certain intervals on the longitudinal profile 34 , this in particular externally encompassing rib-like support elements 35 for attachment to a substructure 36 . The support elements 35 are formed so that attachment to the base 36 is possible, for example by means of screws 37 , dowels or other fastening means. As shown in FIG. 7, the support elements 35 are formed, for example, as trapezoidal plate elements, which bring about a stiffening and dimensional stability of the longitudinal profile 34 and can be fixed on the substructure 36 by means of fastening tabs 38 , which are arranged in the corner regions of their base edge and preferably extend essentially horizontally are.

The formwork element 33 is aligned on the substructure 36 , for which purpose washers 39 are arranged between the fastening tabs 38 and the substructure 36 for height adjustment and then the aligned formwork element 33 is fixed on the substructure 36 via the fastening tabs 38 . The formwork element 33 is then poured into concrete and remains there as lost formwork, which forms the groove 1 to be produced .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the formwork element 33 is mounted on a substructure 36 , which also carries the concrete slab 4 . Accordingly, the substructure 36 is designed as a sufficiently solid base layer, preferably it is made of asphalt or hydraulically bound material.

Alternatively, the formwork element 33 can also be mounted in a corresponding longitudinal recess in the concrete slab 4 and then poured into the concrete slab 4 by filling in the longitudinal recess.

Accordingly, by means of the formwork element 33, a very precisely aligned and dimensionally accurate groove 1 in the concrete slab 4 can be produced with relatively low production costs. The wall of the groove 1 is formed by the longitudinal profile 34 .

Preferably, the formwork element 33 is made of a plastic material with the desired properties in terms of bending stiffness, impact resistance, temperature resistance, etc. or any other material with the desired properties. Preferably, the support elements 35 are integrally formed with the longitudinal profile 34 and accordingly made of the same material. Alternatively, the support elements 35 can, however, also be made of a different material and / or separately from the longitudinal profile 34 and can only be connected to the longitudinal profile 34 as required on site.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of a device 40 for producing two parallel grooves 1 with undercut sections 3 in a concrete slab 4 using formwork elements 33 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 7. The device 40 is constructed essentially in accordance with the device 22 , so that the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar devices and components.

In contrast to the device 22 shown in FIGS . 5 and 6, the device 40 according to FIG. 8 instead of the milling devices 27 has at least two holding devices 41 which can be detachably connected to the formwork element 33 , for example by engaging in the longitudinal profile 34 are so that at the same time two parallel formwork elements 33 by means of the device 40 by appropriate alignment of the positioning device 25 bring exact dimensions into the desired position and can be fixed, for example, on the substructure 36 by the fastening means already mentioned. Subsequently, the concrete is poured over when the concrete slab 4 is made.

Instead of a preferably provided clampable fixing of a formwork element 33 to at least one holding device 41 by means of a gripping arm or the like, for example, each holding device 41 can also comprise a holding element, not shown, which positively engages in the longitudinal profile or the undercut sections 3 and which corresponds to the Movement of the Vorrich device 40 in the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal profile 34 slides and ensures correct alignment of the formwork element 33 with appropriate readjustment of the support frame 26 by the adjusting device 28 . If required, the holding devices 41 and the milling devices 27 for position correction can also be individually adjustable, in particular in terms of their height as indicated by the double arrows.

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the formwork element 33 for producing the groove 1 in a section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the groove. The formwork element 33 is made in several parts, in particular in two parts. The form member 33 comprises an upper part 42 and a removably attachable to the upper part 42 lower part 43. In particular, the lower part 43 plug-connectable with the upper part 42nd This can be achieved, for example, by a longitudinal web 44 on the underside of the upper part 42 , which engages in a corresponding longitudinal groove 45 in the lower part 43 . The upper part 42 is preferably made of metal, in particular steel, or at least the surface facing the concrete is made therefrom, which surface can additionally be coated in order to remove the upper part 42 after pouring into concrete and sufficiently solidifying the concrete before it to facilitate hardening of the concrete. This removal of the upper part 42 is possible since the upper part 42 only forms non-undercut sections 2 of the groove 1 . In contrast, the lower part 43 of the formwork element 33 forms at least also the cut-out sections 3 of the groove 1 , so that when the upper part 42 is pulled out of the not yet hardened concrete, the lower part 43 is retained by the concrete and remains in the concrete slab 4 . The lower part 43 is only removed from the groove 1 or the undercut sections 3 after the concrete has hardened, wherein it is destroyed. The lower part 43 thus forms a lost formwork. Advantageously, the lower part 43 of the formwork element 33 consists of a relatively white and accordingly easy-to-remove material, for example foam, plastic or wood.

Alternatively, the lower part 43 can also be plugged onto mandrels, for example projecting downward from the upper part 42, for releasable attachment to the upper part 42 , the lower part 43 not having to have corresponding recesses, depending on the material used.

The formwork element 33 according to the second embodiment described above can be positioned before, during or after concreting the concrete slab 4 in the desired position, in particular by means of the device 40 by a holding device 41 engaging the formwork element 33 , and toning until loading or during of concreting. During the subsequent One of the formwork element bring 33 into the still flowable concrete it is advantageous to be formed groove 1 already roughly example, by a corresponding mold element, the o 4 manufacturing slipform a concrete plate. Like. Is moved to preform to not be too large concrete displacement to be required when the formwork element 33 is subsequently inserted into the concrete. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the formwork element 33 is introduced into the flowable concrete by shaking and positioned in the desired position.

Fig. 10 shows a third embodiment of the formwork element 33 in a position corresponding to FIGS. 7 and 9 view. This formwork element 33 is in accordance with the formwork element 33 shown in Fig. 9 in accordance with the second imple mentation form "floating", ie before, during or after concreting the concrete slab 4 positioned in the desired position to form the groove 1 and from the flowable Encased concrete. In contrast to the second embodiment, the formwork element 33 according to the third embodiment remains in the concrete slab 4 and forms the wall of the groove 1 to be produced. For this purpose, the formwork element 33 is an upwardly open hollow profile, for example essentially according to the longitudinal profile 34 according to FIG. 7 made of a material with the necessary material properties and with a sufficient wall thickness, the upward-facing longitudinal edges 46 , if necessary, can be made higher than necessary to prevent concrete from flowing in during the manufacture of the concrete slab 4 or the introduction of the formwork element 33 in to exclude the still flowable concrete with certainty. This over the upper surface of the Be tonplatte 4 protruding edges 46 can be cut as required after the concrete has solidified.

To position and hold or insert the formwork element 33 according to the third embodiment, the device 40 or a similar device can be used before, so that, for example, two Schalungsele elements 33 parallel to each other to form two parallel grooves 1 posi tioned and encased by concrete will. With continuous production of the concrete slab 4 by a slipform paver or the like, the formwork element 33 can already be aligned at least roughly by the slipform paver into the concrete slab 4, for example by means of the positively engaging positioning shoe 47 shown in FIG. 10, by a slipform paver guided in the formwork element 33 slides along, be installed in the concrete slab 4 .

Alternatively or additionally, the formwork element 33 according to the third embodiment can be correctly aligned, for example by means of the device 40 using the positioning shoe 47 , as long as the concrete is still sufficiently flowable and deformable.

Fig. 11 shows in a corresponding to Figs. 7, 9 and 10 representation of a fourth embodiment of the formwork member 33. In this case, the formwork element is mounted 33 in principle corresponding to that in Fig. 10 shown formwork element 33 according to the third embodiment in the concrete slab 4 and remains in the Be tonplatte 4 , the formwork element 33 forms the wall of the groove 1 to be produced . In contrast to the third embodiment, the formwork element 33 has no or a longitudinal recess 48 with a cross section that is at least reduced or completely deviates from the desired groove cross section. For example, the longitudinal recess 48 is slit-shaped, as shown, or, for example, T-shaped in cross section. After installing the formwork element 33 in the concrete slab 4 and solidification of the concrete, the desired groove profile is in the desired position in the formwork element 33 is working. For this purpose, the inward-facing surfaces of the formwork element 33 are removed, for example with the device 22 , as far as necessary in order to obtain the desired groove profile, as indicated by the dashed line as an example.

The formwork element 33 according to the fourth embodiment has the advantage that, with a suitable choice of material, the groove 1 can be worked out relatively easily, for example by machining with high precision and high working speed at a relatively low cost. In addition, the formwork element 33 can be installed with a relatively large tolerance in the Be tonplatte 4 , for example by a slipform paver, so that together with the relatively simple post-processing a cost-effective production of the grooves 1 with the desired precision is made possible.

It should be pointed out that the cross-sectional shapes of the groove 1 shown represent exemplary embodiments, but depending on the application and need, different cross-sections can also be provided.

The concrete slab 4 can be produced on site using a paver or a conventional formwork. Alternatively, the concrete slab 4 can also be formed by prefabricated parts. The grooves 1 can then either before the installation of the finished parts, for example in their manufacture, or after installation of the finished parts on site z. B. manufactured by milling and / or reworked.

It should also be noted that under "flowable" concrete here is generally concrete in such a consistency is understood to mean that a deformability, for example by shaking, is still possible, even if some solidification, in particular Stability, already exists.

Claims (20)

1. A process for the production of mutually parallel grooves (1) with non-undercut portions (2) and undercut portions (3) in a concrete slab (4), in particular for receiving elastically deformable profile elements (5) and in this plug-track rails (7 ) to form a ballastless superstructure ( 8 ) for a track, characterized in that the non-undercut sections ( 2 ) and the undercut sections ( 3 ) of the grooves ( 1 ) in separate steps in the hardened concrete slab ( 4 ) on or are milled in the concrete slab ( 4 ). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that first the non-cut sections ( 2 ) and then the undercut sections te ( 3 ) are milled. 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-undercut sections ( 2 ) of the grooves ( 1 ) are milled by means of milling cutters ( 30 ). 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the undercut sections ( 3 ) of the grooves ( 1 ) are milled by means of inclined milling or cutting disks ( 12 ). 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two grooves ( 1 ) are milled simultaneously by means of interconnected Fräsein directions ( 27 ). 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves ( 1 ) with a reduced, for example slot-like groove cross section in the still flowable concrete of the concrete slab ( 4 ) preformed and / or pre-milled after the concrete has solidified. 7. A method for producing parallel grooves ( 1 ) with undercut sections ( 3 ) in a concrete slab ( 4 ), in particular for receiving elastically deformable profile elements ( 5 ) and in these insertable track rails ( 7 ) to form a ballastless superstructure ( 8 ) for a track, characterized in that the grooves ( 1 ) forming formwork elements ( 33 ) are aligned and toned when loading the concrete slab ( 4 ) or in recesses in the concrete slab ( 4 ). 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the Schalungsele elements ( 33 ) first fixed on a solid, in particular made of asphalt Un substructure ( 36 ) fixed and then concreted. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that two grooves ( 1 ) bil dende formwork elements ( 33 ) held during alignment of jointly adjustable, releasable holding devices ( 41 ) and preferably fixed by screws ( 37 ) or dowels on the base ( 36 ) will. 10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the Schalungsele elements ( 33 ) from a releasable holding device ( 41 ) at least roughly aligned tet and then be concreted. 11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the Schalungsele elements ( 33 ) after concreting the concrete slab ( 4 ) in the still flowable concrete, in particular by shaking and in particular in pairs by means of a common positioning device ( 25 ). 12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the formwork elements ( 33 ) after concreting in the still flowable concrete, in particular in pairs by means of a common Positionierein direction ( 25 ), are precisely aligned. 13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that multi-part formwork elements ( 33 ) with non-undercut sections ( 2 ) of the grooves ( 1 ) forming upper parts ( 42 ) and the undercut sections ( 3 ) of the grooves ( 1 ) forming Lower parts ( 43 ) are concreted in, the upper parts ( 42 ) before and the lower parts ( 43 ) being removed after the concrete has solidified. 14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that formwork elements ( 33 ) consisting of solid material or provided with reduced, for example only slot-shaped, groove cross-section are concreted in and that the grooves ( 1 ) after hardening of the concrete into the formwork elements ( 33 ) are milled or milled into them, in particular in accordance with one of claims 1 to 5. 15. Ballastless superstructure ( 8 ) for a track with mutually parallel grooves ( 1 ) in a concrete slab ( 4 ) for receiving elastically deformable profile elements ( 5 ) and in this insertable track rails ( 7 ), each groove ( 1 ) one in substantially slot-shaped section (15) and at least one subsequent bottom side, having undercut portion (3), characterized in that the inclination (α) of the inclined groove wall of the undercut from section (3) to the central plane (14) of the slot-like portion (15) is less than the bevel ( 18 ) defined by the longitudinal edge ( 16 ) at the transition from the oblique groove wall to the slot-shaped section ( 15 ) and the diagonally opposite, opposite longitudinal side edge ( 17 ) of the slot-shaped section ( 15 ). 16. Device for producing two mutually parallel grooves ( 1 ) with undercut sections ( 3 ) in a concrete slab ( 4 ), in particular for receiving elastically deformable profile elements ( 5 ) and in this a pluggable track rails ( 7 ) to form a ballastless Superstructure ( 8 ) for a track, in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device ( 22 ) spans the two grooves ( 1 ), in particular re movable support device ( 23 ), one of which is carried and relative to this adjustable positioning device ( 25 ) with at least two milling devices ( 27 ) for simultaneous milling of the two grooves ( 1 ) in the concrete slab ( 4 ) and an adjusting device ( 28 ) for adjusting the positioning device ( 25 ) relative to the supporting device ( 23 ) for joint alignment of the milling devices ( 27 ). 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that each Fräseinrich device ( 27 ) at least a first, preferably cylindrical cutter ( 30 ) for milling a non-undercut portion ( 2 ) of a groove ( 1 ) and at least a second, preferably disk-shaped and preferably includes downstream milling cutters ( 31 ) for milling an undercut section ( 3 ) of this groove ( 1 ). 18. Device for producing two mutually parallel grooves ( 1 ) with undercut sections ( 3 ) in a concrete slab ( 4 ), in particular for receiving elastically deformable profile elements ( 5 ) and in this a pluggable track rails ( 7 ) to form a ballastless Superstructure ( 8 ) for a track, in particular for carrying out a method according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the device ( 40 ) spans the two grooves ( 1 ), in particular re movable support device ( 23 ), one of which is carried and relative to this adjustable positioning device ( 25 ) with two holding devices ( 41 ) for releasably holding two the two grooves ( 1 ) forming in the concrete slab ( 4 ) to be concreted formwork elements ( 33 ) and an adjusting device ( 28 ) for adjusting the positioning device ( 25 ) relative to the support device ( 23 ) for the common alignment of the two formwork elements ( 33 ). 19. Formwork element ( 33 ) for producing grooves ( 1 ) with non-undercut sections ( 2 ) and undercut sections ( 3 ) in a concrete slab ( 4 ), in particular for receiving elastically deformable profile elements ( 5 ) and track rails that can be inserted into them 7 ) to form a ballastless superstructure ( 8 ) for a track, in particular for a method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the formwork element ( 33 ) at least partially one of the undercut sections ( 2 ) of a groove ( 1 ) upper part ( 42 ) and a lower part ( 43 ) forming at least the undercut sections ( 3 ) of this groove ( 1 ), in particular detachably connectable to the upper part ( 42 ). 20. Formwork element according to claim 19, characterized in that the upper part ( 42 ) consists at least partially of preferably coated steel and that the lower part ( 43 ) consists of a relatively soft material, in particular plastic, foam or wood.