DE1810099A1 - AC voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Description

WANDELu. GOLTERMANN 'November 15, 1968

Eningen UA δ

MUhleweg 5 ^H.

Wax tension analyzer

The invention relates to an alternating current stabilizer whose Output voltage from the sum of the fluctuating input voltage and an additional voltage supplied by a transformer winding is formed from the input or the output S voltage and is influenced in the opposite direction to the fluctuations in the input voltage through open-loop or closed-loop control.

Wechselaoannungsstabillsatoren are used in applications where AC loads that require constant St. ngangssDannung be ge from a power source with fluctuating and / or differing 3dannung "Deiat. They can also serve for the indirect stabilization of the voltage output generated by the downstream rectifiers, it also being possible to regulate the voltage from the voltage side.

Circuits are known to stabilize alternating voltages that use a transducer or thyristor as an actuator. Both components can only perform the adjustment process with one time Execute delay, which is mainly given by the fact that the current flow only after a determined by the control circuit Phase angle begins (dead time). In the case of the transducer, there is also the time constant caused by the inductance of the control winding. The change in the sinusoidal shape of the current flowing through both actuators has the further disadvantage that the curve shape the stabilized tension is distorted compared to the unstabilized tension and that considerable sieving means for

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Reduction must be expended without the resulting Harmonics can be completely suppressed. The sieve means cause additional phase shifts and thus another Worsening of the regulation time. The settling times of such devices are around IO - 20 half-periods, and they generate harmonics from 2-5 # · There are also AC voltage stabilizers with actuators known to work without inertia. In them, tubes or transistors act as variable (linear) resistors. The shape of the curve of the stabilized alternating voltage is in each Moment compared by a control circuit with a sinusoidal normal voltage and the deviation for controlling the Actuator used so that the amplitude of the alternating voltage Inertia-free stabilized and deviations from the sinusoidal shape that already exist at the input of the stabilizer are corrected. However, there is the inherent part of these devices that the actuator (compared to the reactance of the transducer and thyristor) represents a pure resistance in which a considerable

^ Power loss arises that must be dissipated. Also are

such devices because of the necessary extensive control circuit and because of the required actuator with high power dissipation very expensive.

Furthermore, AC voltage stabilizers are known that the power delivered by the additional voltage in an amplifier produce. The main disadvantage of these known stabilizers is that they are extremely expensive.

The invention avoids the disadvantages of the known ones

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Arrangements by the fact that the additional supply in transformer windings with digitally coded and average semiconductor switches adjustable gradation is generated that at the input or output of the stabilizer the deviation of the actual value there the voltage from a setpoint value oeriodlech by means of a digital öoannungsmeßvorrichtung is determined and that due to their digital information at a zero crossing of the Current <1 the semiconductor switch for the next setting period set throw. In this way, with relatively little effort and weight, a nimble vibration stabilizer results that does not generate any additional distortion factor and one has very good efficiency.

The invention is shown in the drawing by means of four execution

examples shown schematically. Here shows

1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment

a regulated AC voltage stabilizer, with the the additional voltage from binary levels, each into one special step transformer generated partial voltages is assembled and its voltage teeB device, contains a voltage frequency converter which integrates the control deviation during each half cycle of the alternating current and which acts on a counter.

2 shows a section from a block diagram of a second Execution example in which an integrator charged by the measurement voltage with pulses of the same Charge and constant repetition frequency is discharged, that are counted.

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3 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of a controlled AC voltage settler to which a soeicher charged by the measuring voltage has one Integrator is discharged with constant current and that of a pulse of constant repetition frequency that was let through a gate during the discharge tent are counted, and.

FIG. K shows a section from the block diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment, in which each step transformer generates a plurality of voltage steps by optionally connecting a common auxiliary transformer to one of a plurality of taps.

In the first embodiment, one of the two lines connecting the input terminals 1 to the output terminals 2 of the stabilizer contains the series connection of the primary coil of a current transformer 5 and the secondary coils of several step transformers 4, 5. The primary components of the stepped transformer k, 5 are each via a two-way thyristor 6, 7 (so-called triac) on two bus lines 8, 9 "which are connected to output terminals 2 of the" stabilizer via a pole reversal 10, which also works with Zwelweg thyrletors (not shown) and which can be actuated via a control line 11 ". Zwelweg thyriators 12, Ij5 are connected in parallel to the primary coils of the step transformers 4, 5. The ignition electrodes of the two two-way thyristors 6 and 12, 7 and 1J , which each belong to a step transformer 4, 5, are located on ignition switches 14, 15, which they operate alternately.

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Hit the output terminals 2, a measuring rectifier 17 is connected via a voltage converter 16, the output of which via a summj. replies and 18 at the input of an integrator 19, to which a constant voltage source 21 is also connected via a summing resistor 20. The output of the integrator 19 feeds a bipolar threshold value circuit 22 whose pulse outputs assigned to the two polarities are connected to the two counting pulse inputs of a binary up / down counter 24 via a counting channel switch 23 and whose reset output, which is independent of polarity, is connected to the input of the integrator 19. The counting channel umooler controls the counter in such a way that it runs through a continuous sequence of numbers (... -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 ...). The outputs of the binary increments of the up / down counter 24 are on the one hand with zero coincidence gates 23 that control the counting channel reverser 23 and that act on the control line 11 of the reversing device 10 and, on the other hand, two double counters 26 that connect the ignition positions 14 ₉ 15 with the levels . The kit of the secondary coil of the current transformer 3 is connected to the discriminator 27 for setting the current zero passage, the input of which is connected to an overhead control system 26.

The summing resistance ends 18 and 20 are dimensioned in such a way that no current flows into the input of the integrator 19 when the nominal voltage occurs at the output terminals 2 of the stabilizer. Gives way on the other hand, if the voltage applied to terminals 2 deviates from its setpoint value, a current proportional to the deviation flows into the input of the integrator 19. The output voltage d «s Inte- ' grators 19 reaches in one of this lingangeetrom

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reverses the upper or lower response threshold proportionally of the bipolar threshold value circuit 22, and this indicates the integrator output voltage depending on the polarity from one of their two Imouls exits a counting iraoul, the advances the up / down counter by one digit. the Number of those generated during a half-wave of the current (measurement time) Counting pulse is therefore proportional to the integral of the voltage deviation.

At the end of each measurement period, the discriminator initiates 27 the response of those ignition circuits 14, 15, their associated Counting levels are set at this point in time.

The second Ausiilhrungsheieüiel different siote vo "" brush AusfUhrungsbeisplel essentially ww by his in fig. Analog-Dislt & lW «mdl @ r, ö®r« äie the place where in FIG. Siae vora Stroeiailldurehgange-Diekrlminator (S? In Fig. 1) Gestewwte 7ors ^ ®M «regulation 29 controls alternately & mi. for «30, 31, of which there« first gate 30 of a swiseii @ B sw @ i Miai'Muirühgtogen tea Stroiies li®geiad welle the Sunanl «rwid9Fetllnd @ (18, 20 in Fig. 1) alt the« input of an integrator 32 connects »d« t. Laeh A & lffinf ύ®τ bit «grmtloEi» - the integrator 32 is discharged via the areite gate 31 ®lt each time a constant charge having irarals, which is controlled by a generator 35 XbbdmIsformer 3 ^ »it against the polarity of the integrator output voltage. emits reverse polarity. One bit of a © m tesgang of the integrator 32 connected zero comparator 35 will stall di © polarity during represents

009823/0947

ms, j ma,

the integration since the accumulating Xntecrfttloaseoanne feet wad reports this one time "dea pulse shaper 3 * and other tools dea letiaMM ^ Kft-itooleJ · (IO ΙΑ Ma% Il" Mi 4MP denz-Sahaltung (25 in Flg. 1) dee Tor * Rüolwlrterlhleri in Fig * 1). The zero Koecermtor 35 receives a Torselt start alaoule from the Toreteuereohalt 29, and it outputs a Torseit-Rndeiaoula to the ·· a Torseit-Rndeiaoula. During the rotation, depending on the polarity of the integration voltage accumulated at the output of the integrator 32, on one of two lines ~ 0> 6, (^ 37 a gate time signal, since on the one hand the polarity of the pulses emitted by the pulse shaper 34 to the gate 2 is determined and that on the other hand, one side of a double gate 38 opens, so that during the gate time the Imoulse emitted by generator 33 appear at one of the two outputs of gate 38. The two outputs of gate 38 bind with the two inputs of the Zuhlkanalumpolers (23 in Pig.l) tied together.

Depending on the gene speed of the discharge of the integrator 32 threatening With the constant pulse shaper of the pulse shaper 3I, the alternating voltage stabilizer can either work quickly, with the discharge time consuming a very small fraction of each half-cycle of the voltage, with the discharge being sufficiently fast a negligibly small error arises «or he can work slowly in such a way that the alternating voltage is integrated during exactly one half cycle and discharged within the next or greater number of subsequent half cycles of the voltage sensor.

The third AufjrführungabeispJel «shares one with ftteueronft arhei-

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ORIGINAL

1810098

tendon tf «ohMlepimmiiieisifK« ior Ua ** & ®i & m la

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both the lines "lele" Mii 50 ait & m ßm® $ m * skl "mm * O 6 * * lines connecting the stabilizer" lie ^ "i & 3ßseh * lfeuae <S" r PrimSreDule a strosiwaiiflere 41 "place" of the several step front foraators 42, 43 is * the step transformers 4; S "42 are each via two-way thyristor 44" 45 with ^ mI Samütlleitun® · "46" 4? ? connected "the practice - a Umooler 43" in nioht nlther Darge · ate catfish liter practice trap works ^ fliyrietoren with two way and over a abeuerleitung -9 betlti | p> ar Iet _v iie at terminals 40 d @ a Stabilizers mgeeobloeenin .. D «n the step transformation format ores 42, ¹ I? a"!

51 connected in parallel. The ignition electrodes of the.btljAffn each SBerelweg-Ttajrlstoreii 44 belonging to a step transformer, and 50 ^ 45 and 51 lie en ZOndsehaltuneen 52 _fl . 53 »the egg« operate alternately «

Between you ElngangsteleiiBsen 39 νχΛ Alm Auegeacoklesiieti

^w direkt ¥ erbir.d «mden line« ad elsoa ¥ e »ri || LiMiiaieip« Ä «Se»

Primirepule «lee StronnweBdlürs- 41 with de®. @ ®kunäa> spul« ai Λββ first stage itreasionmitoffii 42 siiaä die l £ si (gfiogekleiflnen ümpolere 48 as well as a
a MeBgljiohriohter 5

Suomierwideretand 56 is located at Biigsaag ela @ s Tores 57, with also a fiter suramie. "Resistance. 58 © la © quelle 59" nd over a tfjUBaaiertfid ^ rsttmd 60 converter ¹ I] stored © St umpertau f @ ehalt «ng 61 v @ ybimä € e is "at the exit / gate 57 l'.egeader Integi'ator 6g igpeiet" ainta NullsDanningslcoraoaracor 6}. Servant controls © in gate 64 _P clas e

. , - .. 0 0 9 8 2 3/09 U 7 '■'"· ■■■ * ■ BAD

Standard frequency generator 65 connects to a counter 66. The 2SKhI stages control the ignition circuits 52, 53 via the stages of a buffer store.

An unroolizable constant current source 69 is connected via a gate 68 to the input of the integrator 62 ″, which contains a kaoacitively countercoupled operational amplifier. Control outputs of a gate control circuit 70 are "connected to the gates 57 and 68, to the counter 66 and to the zero voltage coraparator 63," while control inputs of the gate control circuit 70 are connected to the current zero passage discriminator 71 and the zero voltage coraparator 63.

Is innungestabilisator in the illustrated in Fig. 3 controlled currency exchange during two successive Stroanulldurohgänge that the Stromnulldurohgangiidiskriminator "1 of the gate control circuit 70 notifies ourohgesohaltet" the gate 57, so DSJ initially discharged integrator 62, a · output ^ oltage Toggle ä increases of The sum of the currents is determined by "dit" Sex * MeJ-glelohriohter 55 "the constant tension 59 and the stay 61 at its flowering.

In a second period of time, which is very irresistible and troubled of each current zero duration, the gate 57 is opened and gate 68 durohgesoected. Daduroh becomes the integrator 62 with a stream from the constant stream 69 from usagerehrter Polarity as shown by the zero tension comparator 63 la Auienbliok the gate switch has at its output, discharged. To the

09823 / 09A7 bad original

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Measurement of the time required for the discharge, which corresponds to the integrated voltage, the gate 64 is also opened at the beginning of this second time zone, so that the counter 66 is acted upon by the normal frequency generator 65. At the end of the second period, the zero scan comDarator 63 reports the moment of the discharge of the integrator 62 of the gate circuit 70, which opens the gate 63 again, and it terminates the gate tent of the gate 64, which separates the normal frequency generator 65 from the counter.

Regardless of the counter position reached during the discharge time, the next current zero crossing causes the buffer 67 to transfer the input information to the ignition circuits 52, 53 and which also defines the start of the next XBtegra ^ ioosmit * di @ semiconductor switch 44,. 45 * 50 »51 are set, which will remain set until the submission of the nlohsfc« Bifutelllnforaatlon.

In DE® in Fig. 4 only Ib Einern cutout fourth AusfOhrungabelsoiel shown, each of the stuf "ß'ereßsformafcoren 72» 73 by means of four-way * T * £ isr% istören 74. 75 »tf>" 77 bs. " TQ, 79, 80, 31 in different ways * old 8tn »elleitaiigen 82, Bj,

84, 85 are connected, which at taps a «Zwlsohentran · - O

forma tor s 86. The control lines «n 4-way two-way thyrl blinds ^ 74 to 81 are connected to the ignition circuit ^ 87 to 94, whose control

^ gang® via a®! coding device 93, with no further details dergeetell * ο

th outputs of a Swisciaen®p®lc! aere (see 67 In Pig. 3) ^ er * ^ ^{1 are} bound. When ignited, one of the «Inen atufentranefora

'i, ^. ^ - m * & BATHROOM GHIGINAL - 11 -

- licensed two-way thyrietor · «tübm HOh Ti« · dent "Öjliche AusgaoessOannungen de" etufentraaiforeatore, e.g. 0, 1, 2 or 3 volts, 0, *, 8, 12 volts and 0, 16, JB, * 8 volts, which can be positive or negative, according to de «, like de« Intermediate transformer 68 upstream, drawn dashed " Ümooler 96, (who e.g. knows the Umooler 48 in Pig. 3 duck-ohen), is set.

In the execution examples shown, the digital Voltage measuring device an analogue corresponding to the actual value » measurement voltage by integrating the absolute value of the binary or the Output change between two Stroanulldurohgtogen, so between fixed orenζes. However, the invention can also be modified in such a way that the analogue β-E voltage corresponding to the actual value is derived from a temporally fixed instantaneous value Input or output alternating voltage is derived and old from the digital voltage measuring device is geneaaen.

The invention can also work with integration between fixed boundaries be modified so that the Aa * - corresponding to the actual value lugme & srxmnung through «in 01 led with square power soannune · - Characteristic curve from which input or output voltage is obtained and is measured with the digital voltage measuring device.

ii] 'inn can continue to be agreed that

at eiiK-t "> · 'H>" - re3 \ mp ari'elt.pndpn Woohi ^ lsoehnantablllBator '"• nc Γ". "rv"! ί. "■;'· oh.Ή tune p ^^ olp!, IM ργ (' Tch can dir * JMnntpdl-.oit '"ri; UrV! w ^' den.

■ Γ · '■ 9 8-2 3/0 9 /. λ

Claims (1)

P at @ η ta η « ο r ti ch β 1. Change organization "whose output from the Sum of the fluctuating lingangeeoiuaiiiuiiie and one τοπ one Transformer winding, supplied supplementary formed as well which is obtained from the initial or the Ittsgenessoeimung and opposite to the Sühwentangen of the lij ^ sBgeeoemung is influenced by open-loop or closed-loop control ;, thereby marked that the additional opening in transformer windings with digitally coded and lever switch (6, 7 # 12 »13) adjustable fltufuug erseugt that at the input or output of the stabilizer «the - Deviation of the actual value there of the WoehBelSDasten'VoJdf " a setpoint value oeriodiech with tele a. (digital measuring device (e.g. 16 to 27) end del is determined because of their digital information at fine lullAirohEiiiig of the current the half-liter holder for dl · ntohst · Blnit · !! - oeriode can be set. 2. Stabilizer according to Itoeorueh I, d · 4% i ν ο Ii g · k · «..R-., Draws« d & § di · Zueatstoannig in the windings of several Trane formats »« » (h ₀ 9 hm. 42« 43) is called. Stabiliaator after JtaüHWh g _# <i! Iiei! Reü iiki draws, "mi j # d" r der TrinafbiMtorfn ijh 5) a level of Zueatsapaonuiig Stabilizer according to Aneoruoh 2, diduroh g k η nzeiohnet, that each of the Traneforaatoren, (42, 43) more stages of the additional tension "flies" 009823/09 ^ 7 6AD ORIGINAL 5 »Stabilizer naoh Aneoruoh! next zero rate following a digital measurement can be set. 6. Stabilizer naoh claim 1, daduroh gek ex * nzeich that the load-dependent voltage drop in the device and / or in the feeding network is compensated for by a disturbance value injection (61). M. 7. Stabilizer according to Claim 1, characterized in that “an analog measurement voltage that responds to the actual value” duroh an integration of the absolute value “of the BIn- or the output alternating voltage is obtained between fixed limits and measured with the digital voltage kiss device. 8. Stabilizer naoh Anspruoh 7 # daduroh characterized in that the analog measuring voltage corresponding to the actual value duroh an integration with fist limits of the in a term with a quadratic current-voltage characteristic converted input or output change and received with the digital Soannungsmeßvorriohtung will. σ
ο
co £ §. Stabilizer according to claim!, Thereby g e k e ο η- ^ indicates that the analogue value corresponding to the actual value to measuring voltage from a timed instantaneous value - ^ derived from the input or output AC voltage and with digital voltmeter is measured.